Anaerobe最新文献

{"title":"The impact of Akkermansia muciniphila and its extracellular vesicles in the regulation of serotonergic gene expression in a small intestine of mice","authors":"Rezvan Yaghoubfar ,&nbsp;Ehsan Zare BanadKoki ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ashrafian ,&nbsp;Arefeh Shahryari ,&nbsp;Arian Kariman ,&nbsp;Mehdi Davari ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Fateh ,&nbsp;Shohreh Khatami ,&nbsp;Seyed Davar Siadat","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><span><span>A better understanding of host-microbe interactions as a cross-talk between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the gut microbiota can help treat and prevent </span>GI disorders by improving the maintenance of GI </span>homeostasis. The gut microbiota can affect signaling molecules, such as serotonin, which regulates </span>endocrine systems<span> through the GI tract. Moreover, studying the effects of gut microbiota in the small intestine on the human GI tract health is pivotal.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Male C57BL/6J mice (n = 30, 10 mice per group) were orally gavaged with 200 μL of PBS (control group); mice in group II were orally gavaged with 109 colony-forming units (CFU)/200 μL of viable A. muciniphila, suspended in PBS (A. muciniphila group); and mice in group III were orally gavaged with 10 μg of protein/200 μL of EVs (A. muciniphila-EV group) once daily for four weeks. The gene expression of serotonin system-related genes (</span><span><em>Slc6a4, </em><em>Tph1</em><em>, Mao, Htr3, Htr4,</em></span> and <em>Htr7</em>) was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Based on the results, <em>A. muciniphila</em> significantly affected the mRNA expression of genes related to the serotonin system (<em>Tph1</em>, <em>Mao</em>, <em>Htr3B</em>, and <em>Htr7</em><span>) in the duodenum and (</span><em>Htr3B</em>, <em>Htr4</em> and <em>Htr7</em>) in the ileum of mice (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, <em>A. muciniphila</em>-derived EVs affected the expression of major genes related to the serotonin system (<em>Tph1</em>, <em>slc6a4a</em>, <em>Mao</em>, <em>Htr3B</em>, <em>Htr4</em>, and <em>Htr7</em>) in the duodenum and ileum of mice (P &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present findings may pave the way for further investigation of the effects of strain-specific probiotics on the serotonergic system, which is currently in its infancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41105560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in dogs (Canis familiaris) with gastrointestinal disorders in Rio de Janeiro","authors":"Suzana Leite ,&nbsp;Carlos Cotias ,&nbsp;Kelly C. Rainha ,&nbsp;Mayara Gil Santos ,&nbsp;Bruno Penna ,&nbsp;Renata F. F.Moraes ,&nbsp;Céline Harmanus ,&nbsp;Wiep Klaas Smits ,&nbsp;Eliane de Oliveira Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Clostridioides difficile</em></span> infections (CDI) have a high morbidity and mortality rate and have always been considered a nosocomial disease. Nonetheless, the number of cases of community-acquired CDI is increasing, and new evidence suggests additional <em>C. difficile</em> reservoirs exist. Pathogenic <em>C. difficile</em><span> strains have been found in livestock, domestic animals, and meat, so a zoonotic transmission has been proposed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The goal of this study was to isolate <em>C. difficile</em><span> strains in dogs at a veterinary clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and characterize clinical and pathological findings associated with lower gastrointestinal tract disorders.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fifty stool samples and biopsy fragments from dogs were obtained and cultured in the CDBA selective medium. All suggestive <em>C. difficile</em><span><span><span><span> colonies were confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and PCR (tpi gene). Vancomycin, </span>metronidazole<span>, moxifloxacin, </span></span>erythromycin, and </span>rifampicin<span> were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Biofilm, motility assays, and a PCR for the toxins (</span></span><em>tcd</em>A, <em>tcd</em>B, and <em>cdt</em><span>B), as well as ribotyping, were also performed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Blood samples and colonic biopsy fragments were examined in </span><em>C. difficile</em> positive dogs. Ten animals (20%) tested positive for <em>C. difficile</em> by using stool samples, but not from biopsy fragments. Most <em>C. difficile</em><span> strains were toxigenic: six were A+B+ belonging to RT106; two were A+B+ belonging to RT014/020; and two were A-B- belonging to RT010. All strains were biofilm producers. In the motility test, 40% of strains were as motile as the positive control, CD630 (RT012). In the disc diffusion test, two strains (RT010) were resistant to erythromycin and metronidazole; and another to metronidazole (RT014/020). In terms of </span><em>C. difficile</em> clinicopathological correlations, no statistically significant morphological changes, such as pseudomembranous and \"volcano\" lesions, were observed. Regarding hematological data, dogs positive for <em>C. difficile</em><span> had leucopenia<span><span> (p = 0.02) and lymphopenia (p = 0.03). There was a significant correlation between </span>senility and the presence of </span></span><em>C. difficile</em> in the dogs studied (p = 0,02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although <em>C. difficile</em> has not been linked to canine diarrheal disorders, it appears to be more common in dogs with intestinal dysfunctions. The isolation of ribotypes frequently involved in human <span>CDI</span> outbreaks around the world supports the theory of <em>C. difficile</em> zoonotic transmission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nicotine and cotinine on macrophage inflammatory plasticity via vesicular modifications in gastrointestinal bacteria","authors":"Jourdan E. Lakes ,&nbsp;Xu Fu ,&nbsp;Brock T Harvey ,&nbsp;Khaga R. Neupane ,&nbsp;Surya P. Aryal ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Ferrell ,&nbsp;Michael D. Flythe ,&nbsp;Christopher I. Richards","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span>This study aimed to elucidate mechanistic explanation(s) for compositional changes to enteric microflora by determining the impacts of continuous nicotine/cotinine exposure on representative gastrointestinal bacteria and how these alterations impact innate </span>immune cell plasticity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><em>In vitro</em> cultures of the gastrointestinal bacteria (<span><em>Bacteroides fragilis</em></span> 25285, <span><em>Prevotella</em><em> bryantii</em></span> B₁4, and <em>Acetoanaerobium sticklandii</em><span><span> SR) were continuously exposed to nicotine or cotinine. Supernatant samples were collected for fermentation acid analysis. Vesicles were collected and analyzed for physiological changes in number, size, and total protein cargo. Cultured macrophages were stimulated to a tolerogenic phenotype, exposed to control or altered (nicotine or cotinine – exposed) vesicles, and inflammatory plasticity assessed via inflammatory </span>cytokine production.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Nicotine/cotinine exposure differentially affected metabolism of all bacteria tested in a Gram (nicotine) and concentration-dependent (cotinine) manner. Physiological studies demonstrated changes in vesiculation number and protein cargo following nicotine/cotinine exposures. Continuous exposure to 1 μM nicotine and 10 μM cotinine concentrations reduced total protein cargo of Gram (-) – 25285 and B</span>₁4 vesicles, while cotinine generally increased total protein in Gram (+) - SR vesicles. We found that theses physiological changes to the vesicles of 25285 and SR formed under nicotine and cotinine, respectively, challenged the plasticity of tolerogenic macrophages. Tolerogenic macrophages exposed to vesicles from 1 μM nicotine, and 5 or 10 μΜ cotinine cultures produced significantly less IL-12p70, TNFα, or KC/GRO, regardless of macrophage exposure to nicotine/cotinine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Nicotine/cotinine exposure differentially alters bacterial metabolism and vesicle physiology, ultimately impacting the inflammatory response of tolerogenic macrophages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41189341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of formalin percentage, incubation time and temperature on Clostridium chauvoei culture inactivation and immunogenicity","authors":"Niusha Adib ,&nbsp;Azadeh Zahmatkesh ,&nbsp;Parvaneh Esmaeilnejad-Ahranjani ,&nbsp;Alireza Paradise ,&nbsp;Lida Abdolmohammadi Khiav ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Bagheri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abdoli ,&nbsp;Atoosa Adib","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>In order to find the optimal inactivation conditions for <span><em>Clostridium chauvoei</em></span><span> culture, different factors were investigated and the immunogenicity of inactivated cultures was studied.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><em>C. chauvoei</em><span> was cultured with different formalin<span> percentages (0.3, 0.5 or 0.7% V/V), inactivation temperatures (37 °C or room temperature) and incubation times (one or two weeks). Sterility tests were performed and residual formaldehyde and pH were measured. Rabbits were immunized twice with inactivated cultures and sera were used for detection of immune response.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the one-week experiment, 0.5 and 0.7% formalin inactivated the bacteria after one week, and the percentage of 0.3 inactivated after three weeks. The residual formaldehyde at weeks 1 and 8 was not significantly different. In the two-week experiment, cultures treated with 0.3 and 0.5% formalin were inactivated after four weeks, and those with 0.7% formalin were inactivated after three weeks. Residual formaldehyde at week 8 differed significantly from that of week 1. Residual formaldehyde was affected by incubation temperature<span> since it was lower at 37 °C than in room temperature. Also, a significant effect was observed for formalin on pH, as higher formalin contents led to lower pH values of the cultures. ELISA<span> showed the lowest antibody titer achieved by 0.7% formalin group. Antibody titer was not different between 0.3 and 0.5% formalin.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The best condition for inactivation of <em>C. chauvoei</em><span> was considered as one-week incubation with 0.5% formalin at 37 °C, leading to a high antibody response.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10550084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic-related Clostridium butyricum bacteremia: A case report and literature review","authors":"Kazuhiro Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Ryo Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Koko Shibutani ,&nbsp;Yumiko Mikami ,&nbsp;Fujimi Kawai ,&nbsp;Takahiro Matsuo ,&nbsp;Yuki Uehara ,&nbsp;Nobuyoshi Mori","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report three cases of Clostridium butyricum<span> bacteremia<span> associated with taking C. butyricum-related probiotics. We performed a literature review and found 11 cases of C. butyricum bacteremia including our cases. Nine cases related to probiotics. We should consider that probiotics may infect clinically unstable patients.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolism of azo food dyes by bacterial members of the human gut microbiome","authors":"Riley Elder,&nbsp;Sarah J. Vancuren,&nbsp;Alexander J. Botschner,&nbsp;P. David Josephy,&nbsp;Emma Allen-Vercoe","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span>We set out to survey the capacities of bacterial isolates from the human gut microbiome to reduce common azo food dyes </span><em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 206 strains representative of 124 bacterial species and 6 phyla were screened <em>in vitro</em><span><span><span> using a simple azo dye </span>decolorization assay. Strains which showed azoreductive activity were characterized by studies of </span>azoreduction kinetics and bacterial growth.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Several groups of gut bacteria, including ones not previously associated with azoreduction, reduced one or more of the four azo food dyes commonly used in Canada: </span>Allura Red<span><span>, Amaranth, </span>Sunset Yellow<span>, and Tartrazine. Strains within some species differed in their azoreductive capabilities. Some strains displayed evidence of effects on growth related to the presence of azo dyes and/or the products of their azoreduction.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The continued widespread use of food azo dyes requires re-evaluation in light of the potential for disturbance of the gut microbial ecosystem resulting from azoreduction and the possibility of consequences for human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102783"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of eight human infections caused by Bacteroides pyogenes in a tertiary hospital of northern Spain","authors":"Domingo Fernández Vecilla ,&nbsp;Mikel Joseba Urrutikoetxea Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Mary Paz Roche Matheus ,&nbsp;Itziar Angulo López ,&nbsp;Cristina Aspichueta Vivanco ,&nbsp;Felicitas Elena Calvo Muro ,&nbsp;José Luis Díaz de Tuesta del Arco","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Bacteroides</em><em> pyogenes</em></span><span> is a Gram-negative obligate anaerobe, saccharolytic, non-motile, non-pigment-producing and non-spore-forming rod. Reports of human infections caused by </span><em>B. pyogenes</em> are scarce, with approximately 30 cases documented in scientific literature. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of 8 different patients and to study the <em>in vitro</em><span> antibiotic susceptibility of the strains, as well as to evaluate the </span><em>in vivo</em><span> activity of the prescribed treatments. We conducted a descriptive retrospective study by searching all </span><em>B. pyogenes</em><span><span><span> isolates from January 2010 to March 2023 at the Basurto University Hospital. This included all cases, both in monomicrobial or polymicrobial cultures. Among the eight patients, three experienced severe infections such as bacteremia and </span>osteomyelitis. All the strains were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, </span>imipenem<span><span>, meropenem, </span>clindamycin<span><span>, metronidazole and </span>moxifloxacin.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9985599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type IV pili facilitated natural competence in Fusobacterium nucleatum","authors":"Blake E. Sanders,&nbsp;Ariana Umaña,&nbsp;Tam T.D. Nguyen,&nbsp;Kevin J. Williams,&nbsp;Christopher C. Yoo,&nbsp;Michael A. Casasanta,&nbsp;Bryce Wozniak,&nbsp;Daniel J. Slade","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Many bacterial species naturally take up DNA from their surroundings and recombine it into their chromosome through homologous gene transfer (HGT) to aid in survival and gain advantageous functions. Herein we present the first characterization of Type IV pili facilitated natural competence in <em>Fusobacterium nucleatum</em>, which is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that participates in a range of infections and diseases including periodontitis, preterm birth, and cancer<em>.</em></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here we used bioinformatics on multiple <em>Fusobacterium</em> species, as well as molecular genetics to characterize natural competence in strain <em>F. nucleatum</em> subsp. <em>nucleatum ATCC 23726.</em></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We bioinformatically identified components of the Type IV conjugal pilus machinery and show this is a conserved system within the <em>Fusobacterium</em> genus. We next validate Type IV pili in natural competence in <em>F. nucleatum</em> ATCC 23726 and show that gene deletions in key components of pilus deployment (<em>pilQ)</em> and cytoplasmic DNA import (<em>comEC)</em> abolish DNA uptake and chromosomal incorporation. We next show that natural competence may require native <em>F. nucleatum</em> DNA methylation to bypass restriction modification systems and allow subsequent genomic homologous recombination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In summary, this proof of principle study provides the first characterization of natural competence in <em>Fusobacterium nucleatum</em> and highlights the potential to exploit this DNA import mechanism as a genetic tool to characterize virulence mechanisms of an opportunistic oral pathogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10306940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spore-forming properties and enhanced oxygen tolerance of butyrate-producing Anaerostipes spp.","authors":"Ren Kadowaki ,&nbsp;Hiroki Tanno ,&nbsp;Shintaro Maeno ,&nbsp;Akihito Endo","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><span>Butyrate producing bacteria are promising candidates for next-generation </span>probiotics. However, they are extremely sensitive to oxygen, which is a significant obstacle to their inclusion in food matrices in a viable form. The present study characterized the spore-forming properties and stress tolerance of human gut butyrate-producing </span><em>Anaerostipes</em> spp.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Spore formation properties in six species of </span><em>Anaerostipes</em> spp. were studied by <em>in vitro</em> and <span><em>in silico</em></span> tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Spores were observed from the cells of three species using microscopic analyses, while the remaining three did not form spores under the tested conditions. Spore-forming properties were confirmed by an ethanol treatment. The spores of </span><em>Anaerostipes caccae</em> were tolerant to oxygen and survived for 15 weeks under atmospheric conditions. Spores tolerated heat stress at 70 °C, but not at 80 °C. An <em>in silico</em><span> analysis of the conservation of potential sporulation signature genes revealed that the majority of human gut butyrate-producing bacteria were classified as potential spore formers. Comparative genomics revealed that three spore-forming </span><em>Anaerostipes</em> spp. specifically possessed the spore formation-related genes of <em>bkdR, sodA,</em> and <em>splB</em>, which may be key genes for different sporulation properties in <em>Anaerostipes</em> spp.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study demonstrated the enhanced stress tolerance of butyrate producing <em>Anaerostipes</em> spp. for future probiotic application. Presence of specific gene(s) are possibly keys for sporulation in <em>Anaerostipes</em> spp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9994515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges of diagnosis and treatment of rare Prevotella-induced breast abscesses: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"I.M. Brouwer de Koning ,&nbsp;S.W.T. Hoogmoet ,&nbsp;N.H.M. Renders ,&nbsp;Y.C.G.J. Paquay ,&nbsp;M. Bessems ,&nbsp;W.A. Draaisma ,&nbsp;K. Bosscha","doi":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Although the genus <span><em>Prevotella</em></span><span><span> is part of the general human microbiota, species of this anaerobic gram-negative bacterium have been described as causes of persisting nonpuerperal breast abscesses<span>. Collecting punctate samples and testing these samples for anaerobic bacteria is not part of the common diagnostic workflow in atypical breast abscesses. The causative anaerobic micro-organism can remain unclear and patients can be treated with multiple inadequate antibiotics and/or extensive surgical procedures. The aim of this </span></span>cohort study of </span><em>Prevotella</em><span> induced breast abscesses is to gain more insights into the diagnostic procedures and treatment.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Medical charts of patients with a <em>Prevotella</em><span> induced breast abscess between 2015 and 2021, were retrospectively reviewed on patient characteristics, diagnostic procedures, treatment and outcome.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-one patients were included. Six subspecies of <em>Prevotella</em><span> were determined by culturing. High susceptibility was observed for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%, n = 12). Nine patients (43%) were treated with antibiotics, eight patients (38%) with antibiotics and incision and drainage<span>, and four patients (19%) with only incision and drainage. Recurrence was observed in nine patients (43%), of whom five patients were treated with antibiotics and three patients had surgery. The mean duration of antibiotic administration in patients with recurrence was significantly shorter compared to those without recurrence (5.6 days vs. 19.5 days, p = 0.039).</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Specific anaerobic culturing should be common practice in atypical breast abscesses to confirm <em>Prevotella</em> species. The high recurrence rate emphasizes the need of further research for optimal treatment. Prolonged duration of antibiotics could be considered and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid seems to be the first choice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8050,"journal":{"name":"Anaerobe","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10040071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}