Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Green Approach for <i>Rosa damascena</i> Mill. Petal Extract: Insights into Phytochemical Composition, Anti-Aging Potential, and Stability.","authors":"Sawat Sopharadee, Jutinat Kittipitchakul, Nutnaree Srisawas, Waranya Neimkhum, Artit Yawootti, Thomas Rades, Wantida Chaiyana","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050541","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rosa damascena</i> Mill., widely recognized for its remarkable skincare benefits, is extensively used in the cosmeceutical industry. This study introduces a novel green approach to extract bioactive compounds from <i>R. damascena</i> for cosmeceutical applications while also evaluating its stability in terms of physical, chemical, and biological properties. <i>R. damascena</i> petals were extracted using deionized water instead of organic solvents, using various green extraction methods, including infusion, microwave, ultrasound, pulsed electric field, and micellar extraction. Their chemical composition was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The extract with the highest concentration of bioactive compounds was further evaluated for its cosmeceutical properties and stability and compared with its individual chemical components. Various factors influencing stability were evaluated, including pH level (5, 7, and 9), temperature (4 °C, 30 °C, and 45 °C), and light exposure. The findings indicate that the extract obtained through microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) contained the highest concentration of bioactive constituents, with corilagin being the most abundant, followed by cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, gallic acid, ellagic acid, L-ascorbic acid, and rutin, respectively. Additionally, MAE exhibited excellent antioxidant, whitening, and anti-skin-aging effects, demonstrating significantly higher activities than both the positive control (L-ascorbic acid for antioxidant effects, kojic acid for anti-tyrosinase effects, and epigallocatechin gallate and oleanolic acid for anti-skin-aging effects) and the individual chemical constituents. However, the physico-chemical and biological stability of MAE was influenced by pH, temperature, and light exposure, and as such, light-protected and controlled temperature (not exceeding 30 °C) is essential to maintain the extract's efficacy in skincare products, and optimal formulation strategies are strongly recommended to ensure long-term stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA-DNA Differences: Mechanisms, Oxidative Stress, Transcriptional Fidelity, and Health Implications.","authors":"Viktor Stolc, Ondrej Preto, Miloslav Karhanek, Friedemann Freund, Yuri Griko, David J Loftus, Maurice M Ohayon","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050544","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA-DNA differences (RDDs) challenge the traditional view of RNA as a faithful copy of DNA, arising through RNA editing, transcriptional errors, and oxidative damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role, inducing lesions like 8-oxo-guanine that compromise transcription and translation, leading to dysfunctional proteins. This review explores the biochemical basis of RDDs, their exacerbation under oxidative stress, and their dual roles in cellular adaptation and disease. RDDs contribute to genomic instability and are implicated in cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases, while also driving phenotypic diversity. Drawing on terrestrial and spaceflight studies, we highlight the intersection of oxidative stress, RDD formation, and cellular dysfunction, proposing innovative mitigation approaches. Advancements in RDD detection and quantification, along with ROS management therapies, offer new avenues to restore cellular homeostasis and promote resilience. By positioning RDDs as a hallmark of genomic entropy, this review underscores the limits of biological adaptation. Furthermore, the prevalence of guanine-rich codons in antioxidant genes increases their susceptibility to ROS-induced oxidative lesions, linking redox stress, genomic instability, and constrained adaptation. These insights have profound implications for understanding aging, disease progression, and adaptive mechanisms in both terrestrial and space environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bergamot (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>): A Potential New Nutraceutical Against Cellular and Physiological Alterations Induced by Emerging Contaminants in Sentinel Organisms.","authors":"Federica Impellitteri, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti, Kristian Riolo, Giorgia Zicarelli, Miriam Porretti, Giovanna Cafeo, Marina Russo, Paola Dugo, Giuseppa Di Bella, Giuseppe Piccione, Alessia Giannetto, Caterina Faggio","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050539","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutraceuticals are gaining research interest due to their beneficial potential and their use to counter the impact of emerging contaminants on natural ecosystems. Particularly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of personal hygiene/care products and disinfectants increased significantly. These products contain several substances in their formulations, including surfactants, which have proven to be hazardous to the entire aquatic ecosystem. In the present study, bergamot (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>) peel extract was used as a nutraceutical to counteract the toxicity of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), a common anionic detergent with antimicrobial activity. Specimens of <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>, were exposed to SLS (0.01 mg/L), bergamot peels' extract (BRG: 5 mg/L), and their mixture for 14 days. The cellular and physiological alterations in haemocytes, digestive gland (DG) and gill cells were analysed. The analyses included cell viability of haemocytes and DG cells (trypan blue exclusion assay and the neutral red retention test); the ability of DG cells to regulate their volume (RVD); haemocyte phagocytic activity; expression of genes involved in antioxidant response (<i>Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD, Hsp70</i>, and <i>CYP4Y</i>) on gills and DG; the energy efficiency of the organism through byssus production; and the measurement of key macromolecules, including total lipid and fatty acid content, total protein, tocopherols and carotenoids, which play a key role in maintaining physiological and metabolic functions in the organism. Overall, significant differences emerged between the control (CTR) and treated groups, with the CTR and BRG groups resembling each other, while the SLS-treated groups showed significant alterations. Meanwhile, the groups exposed to the combination showed a recovery, suggesting the potential beneficial effect of the BRG.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bergamot Leaf Extract as an Agent Against Chronic Liver Diseases? In Vitro and In Vivo Findings on Oxidative Stress Modulation.","authors":"Taynara Aparecida Vieira, Danielle Gabriel Seloto, Joyce Santana Rizzi, Paloma Vitória Lima Peixoto, Giulia Vitória Betoni Corrêa, Juliana Silva Siqueira, Nubia Alves Grandini, Erika Tiemi Nakandakare-Maia, Letícia Cardoso Valente, Fabiane Valentini Francisqueti-Ferron, Artur Junio Togneri Ferron, Giovanna Baron, Giancarlo Aldini, Camila Renata Correa, Lilian Cristina Pereira, Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050543","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress is involved in pathophysiological mechanisms associated with a myriad of liver diseases. Bergamot (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>) leaves yield a high level of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds that may hinder the development of liver diseases, while their potential is yet to be fully explored. Thus, the aim of the study was to test the effects of bergamot leaf extract (BLE) on hepatic and mitochondrial oxidative stress in different models. In vivo study: Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: control diet (C) and high-sugar-fat diet (HSF) for twenty weeks. Afterward, the animals were redivided to initiate a ten-week treatment with BLE: C, HSF, and HSF+BLE. In vitro study: Rat hepatic mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation and used to assess safety and efficacy of the BLE. Hepatocyte monolayer and spheroids were applied to evaluate the safety of physiologically plausible BLE concentrations and their effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity. The results showed that BLE improved metabolic parameters, reduced hepatic triglyceride levels, malondialdehyde, and increased catalase activity in vivo. In vitro, BLE decreased lipid peroxidation and increased the ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione in chemically challenged mitochondria. BLE did not exert cytotoxicity in the hepatocyte monolayer and spheroids, while attenuated oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity. Data indicate that in vivo and in vitro hepatic oxidative stress is modulated by BLE, reinforcing that BLE may act as an agent against chronic liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Oxidative Stress in Ischaemic Stroke and the Influence of Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Aleksandra Golenia, Piotr Olejnik","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050542","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischaemic stroke is the most prevalent stroke subtype, accounting for 80-90% of all cases worldwide, and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Its pathophysiology involves complex molecular cascades, with oxidative stress playing a central role. During cerebral ischaemia, reduced blood flow deprives neurons of essential oxygen and nutrients, triggering excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excessive production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Not only do these species damage cellular components, but they also activate inflammatory pathways, particularly those mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). The pro-inflammatory milieu intensifies neuronal damage, compromises blood-brain barrier integrity, and exacerbates reperfusion-induced damage. Recent findings highlight the importance of the gut microbiota in modulating stroke outcomes, primarily through metabolic and immunological interactions along the gut-brain axis. Dysbiosis, characterised by reduced microbial diversity and an imbalance between beneficial and harmful strains, has been linked to increased systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and worse prognoses. Specific gut-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), appear to either mitigate or intensify neuronal injury. SCFAs may strengthen the blood-brain barrier and temper inflammatory responses, whereas elevated TMAO levels may increase thrombotic risk. This narrative review consolidates both experimental and clinical data demonstrating the central role of oxidative stress in ischaemic stroke pathophysiology and explores the gut microbiota's ability to modulate these damaging processes. Therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative pathways or rebalancing gut microbial composition, such as antioxidant supplementation, dietary modulation, probiotics, and faecal microbiota transplantation, present promising paradigms for stroke intervention. However, their widespread clinical implementation is hindered by a lack of large-scale, randomised trials. Future efforts should employ a multidisciplinary approach to elucidate the intricate mechanisms linking oxidative stress and gut dysbiosis to ischaemic stroke, thereby paving the way for novel, mechanism-based therapies for improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Lipid Extracts from Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum amblystomatis</i> and <i>Nannochloropsis oceanica</i> on the Proteome of 3D-Cultured Fibroblasts Exposed to UVA Radiation.","authors":"Sinemyiz Atalay Ekiner, Agnieszka Gęgotek, Maria Rosário Domingues, Pedro Domingues, Elżbieta Skrzydlewska","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050545","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Nannochloropsis oceanica</i> and <i>Chlorococcum amblystomatis</i> exhibit significant potential for protecting skin cells from oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunctions, owing to their high bioactive lipid content. This study aimed to evaluate their cytoprotective effects on the ultraviolet A (UVA)-perturbed proteome of 3D-cultured skin fibroblasts, using high-throughput proteomics. <i>Chlorococcum amblystomatis</i> lipid extract promoted a reduction in UVA-induced cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1 and cell death protein 6 levels, alongside the restoration of ferritin light chain expression diminished by UVA. It downregulated the expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 and lactoylglutathione lyase, which were upregulated by UVA. Furthermore, the elevated superoxide dismutase [Mn] mitochondrial levels in the caspase-1 interactome emphasized the lipid extract's role in mitigating oxidative stress-associated chronic inflammation by regulating caspase-1 activity. In addition to this notable redox balance-regulating and cytoprotective activity, conversely, the protein inflammation signaling mediated by UVA was regulated in terms of wound healing potential in the case of <i>Nannochloropsis oceanica</i> lipid extract. Following UVA radiation, it promoted the upregulation of complement component B, thrombospondin-1, MMP1, and fibulin-1. The results revealed that both lipid extracts effectively reversed the UVA-perturbed proteomic profile of fibroblasts, highlighting their therapeutic potential in protecting the skin from UV radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROMO1: A Distinct Mitochondrial Protein with Dual Roles in Dynamics and Function.","authors":"Angel Yordanov, Eva Tsoneva","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050540","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1) is a nuclear-encoded inner mitochondrial protein known for its dual role as a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a non-selective ion channel. Initially identified for its role in ROS production, ROMO1 has garnered attention for its functional properties as a non-selective ion channel that regulates ion homeostasis in mitochondria. This article examines ROMO1 from both perspectives, emphasizing its structural and functional characteristics, physiological roles, and implications in health and disease. Understanding ROMO1's dual functionality provides insight into its potential as a therapeutic target for oxidative stress-related disorders, especially cancer progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Food-Derived Electrophilic Chalcones as Nrf2 Activators Using Comprehensive Virtual Screening Techniques.","authors":"Bingyu Bai, Piaohan Tu, Jiayi Weng, Yan Zhang, Quan Lin, Mitchell N Muskat, Jie Wang, Xue Tang, Xiangrong Cheng","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050546","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrophilic compounds are bioactive components commonly found in foods that are capable of covalently modifying nucleophilic sites on biologically functional macromolecules. These compounds may elicit positive bioactivity or negative biotoxicity, posing significant challenges in terms of time and resource expenditure in the de novo characterization of their biological activity. In this study, we developed a database of 332 food-derived electrophilic compounds and used a semi-supervised k-nearest neighbors (KNN) machine learning model to predict their bioactivity. Molecular docking analysis identified the three chalcone compounds with the highest potential positive activity-4-hydroxyderricin (4HD), isoliquiritigenin (ISO), and butein. Furthermore, in cell experiments, treatment with 4HD, ISO, and butein significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. An RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that these chalcones significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of <i>Nrf2</i> and its downstream antioxidant genes, including <i>Nqo1</i>, <i>HO-1</i>, <i>Gsr</i>, <i>Gclc</i>, and <i>Gclm</i>. ISO's cytoprotective and antioxidant effects were abolished following these findings, which highlight that 4HD, ISO, and butein are effective Nrf2 activators and suggest that comprehensive virtual technology is a promising strategy for identifying functional bioactive compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Oxidative Stress in Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies in Pediatric Populations.","authors":"Roberto Paparella, Fabiola Panvino, Francesca Tarani, Benedetto D'Agostino, Lucia Leonardi, Giampiero Ferraguti, Sabrina Venditti, Fiorenza Colloridi, Ida Pucarelli, Luigi Tarani, Marco Fiore","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050531","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), such as Turner syndrome (TS) and Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Pediatric patients with SCAs are particularly susceptible due to hormonal deficiencies, metabolic disturbances, and systemic complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in November 2024 using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Keywords included \"antioxidants\", \"oxidative stress\", \"pediatrics\", \"Turner syndrome\", \"Klinefelter syndrome\", and \"sex chromosome aneuploidies\". English-language articles were included without publication year restrictions. Relevant data on oxidative stress mechanisms and antioxidant interventions were systematically extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The relationship between oxidative stress and SCAs can be described as bidirectional, where oxidative stress both contributes to and is exacerbated by aneuploidies. TS is marked by estrogen deficiency, cardiovascular anomalies, and metabolic dysfunction, all linked to heightened oxidative stress. KS is associated with hypogonadism, metabolic syndrome, and neurocognitive challenges, further exacerbated by oxidative damage. The aneuploid condition predisposes to increased oxidative stress in other SCAs, including 47,XXX and 47,XYY, as well as in high-grade aneuploidies. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of antioxidants, including vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione precursors, polyphenols, and melatonin. These interventions, when combined with hormonal therapies such as estrogen replacement in TS or testosterone replacement in KS, demonstrate synergistic effects in restoring redox balance and mitigating systemic complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oxidative stress significantly impacts the progression of SCAs in pediatric populations, amplifying risks across metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive domains. Early, tailored antioxidant strategies, integrated with syndrome-specific hormonal therapies, could reduce long-term complications and improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on standardizing protocols to optimize these interventions for pediatric patients with SCAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luteolin 7-Glucuronide in <i>Artemisia rupestris</i> L. Extract Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Fibroblast Activation and FMT via Targeting of TGF-β1.","authors":"Lingfeng Peng, Yimeng Fan, Luyao Wang, Chao Han, Zhihui Hao","doi":"10.3390/antiox14050533","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox14050533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, with cigarette smoking being a major risk factor and no effective treatment at present. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a key role in PF and regulating oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of <i>Artemisia rupestris</i> L. ethanol extract (ER) on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced PF. We used pull-down and LC-MS analyses to screen and identify compounds that bind to TGF-β1 in ER. We demonstrated that ER inhibits CS-induced PF, lung inflammation, and oxidative stress, thereby improving pulmonary structural injury. The ER inhibits fibroblast activation and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT), reducing collagen deposition for the treatment of PF. We identified the active ingredient in ER that binds to TGF-β1, namely, Luteolin 7-glucuronide (LG). LG inhibits the TGF-β1 signaling pathway through targeted binding to TGF-β1, downregulates the expression of downstream proteins (including collagen I, α-SMA, MMP-2, and MMP-9), and inhibits <i>fibronectin</i> expression. It also inhibits fibroblast activation and FMT, enhances <i>E-cadherin</i> expression to promote fibroblast adhesion, and suppresses collagen deposition, alleviating PF. Based on these findings, we propose that LG might be a promising therapeutic drug candidate for treating PF.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}