Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines as Drivers of Cardiac Remodeling in COPD Patients.","authors":"Elena-Andreea Moaleș, Lucia Corina Dima-Cozma, Cristina Andreea Adam, Doina-Clementina Cojocaru, Cristina Gena Dascălu, Andreea Iațentiuc, Iustin Mihai Iațentiuc, Tatiana Drâmbă, Maura Gabriela Felea, Robert Negru, Ioana Mădălina Zota, Romică Sebastian Cozma, Maria Magdalena Leon, Florin Mitu","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091141","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease characterized by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, with frequent cardiovascular involvement. This study investigated the associations between oxidative stress-related inflammatory markers and structural and electrical cardiac abnormalities in patients with COPD using a comprehensive multimodal cardiopulmonary assessment. A total of 100 clinically stable patients with COPD underwent inflammatory biomarker evaluation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α), transthoracic echocardiography and 24 h Holter ECG monitoring. Advanced COPD was associated with significant differences in several structural cardiac parameters, including left atrial volume (<i>p</i> = 0.016), left atrial height (<i>p</i> = 0.027), and selected left ventricular parameters, while left ventricular ejection fraction remained preserved. Electrical abnormalities were significantly associated with systemic inflammatory markers. SII showed the highest discriminatory performance for sinus rhythm abnormalities (AUC = 0.736), whereas IL-6 showed the highest discriminatory performance for ventricular premature complexes (AUC = 0.732). Ventricular ectopic activity was also associated with significantly higher SII, SIRI, MLR, NLR, and PLR. Systemic inflammatory markers were associated with structural and electrical cardiac abnormalities in COPD, suggesting that they may provide complementary information regarding cardiovascular involvement. However, given the cross-sectional design and moderate discriminatory performance of these biomarkers, the findings should be considered exploratory and do not establish causal relationships. Prospective studies are needed to determine their potential role in cardiovascular risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Hydrogen and the Uremic Skeleton: A Critical Review and Turnover-State-Dependent Redox Hypothesis in CKD-MBD.","authors":"Po-Jen Hsiao, Ching-Tsai Hsu, Wen-Fang Chiang, Jenq-Shyong Chan, Li-Yen Huang, Chung-Chi Yang, Kuo-Cheng Lu","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091137","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) confers a substantial fracture burden that is only partly addressed by therapies targeting phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D. Redox dysregulation may represent a complementary mechanism: reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent osteoclastogenesis, whereas excessive ROS impair Wnt/β-catenin signalling in osteoblast precursors and promote osteocyte dysfunction. Uremic toxins, inflammation, and dialysis further increase oxidative stress. Molecular hydrogen (H₂) is a highly diffusible redox modulator that has been proposed to limit damaging radical-chain reactions while preserving physiological oxidant signalling. In non-uremic skeletal models, H₂ consistently suppresses osteoclast differentiation and bone loss, but evidence for osteoblast rescue is heterogeneous. In CKD and dialysis, H₂-based interventions have shown signals of reduced oxidative stress and symptomatic benefit; however, human evidence is predominantly observational, and no study identified in this review assessed a bone-specific endpoint. We therefore integrate uremic bone redox biology with H₂ pharmacology and propose a turnover-state-dependent model in which H₂ may restrain excessive resorption in high-turnover disease, while its net effect in low-turnover adynamic bone remains uncertain because potential osteoblast rescue competes with anti-osteoclastic activity established only in non-uremic models. H₂ should therefore be considered an experimental, mechanistically differentiated strategy requiring direct evaluation in uremic models and turnover-stratified clinical trials with parallel skeletal and vascular safety endpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingolipid Remodeling in Colorectal Cancer Reveals a Continuum-like Metabolic Organization.","authors":"Adam R Markowski, Karolina Stępniak, Piotr Zabielski, Hady Razak Hady, Aleksander Łukaszewicz, Paulina Głuszyńska, Patrycja Sadowska, Urszula Chlabicz, Agnieszka Błachnio-Zabielska","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091136","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits substantial metabolic heterogeneity, but the organization of sphingolipid remodeling remains incompletely understood. In this exploratory single-center study, we integrated patient-matched tissue lipidomics, systemic oxidative stress profiling, and independent transcriptomic analyses. Tumor tissue, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and preoperative serum were collected from 40 patients with CRC, with serum obtained from 23 hospitalized non-cancer controls. Sphingolipids were quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS, while total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index characterized systemic redox status. Paired lipidomics revealed coordinated remodeling with increased S1P-associated measures, selective ceramide depletion, and elevated S1P-to-ceramide ratios. Multivariate analyses did not identify stable discrete lipidomic subgroups and revealed variation consistent with a continuum-like organization within the measured sphingolipid feature space. In separate principal component analyses, ratio-derived variables showed a more concentrated low-dimensional covariance structure than absolute lipid concentrations. Circulating sphingolipids showed limited correspondence with tumor-local remodeling, whereas oxidative stress markers showed strong apparent discrimination between CRC and hospitalized non-cancer controls, although this finding may be affected by residual confounding. TCGA-GTEx analyses provided complementary pathway-level transcriptomic context, while anatomically resolved analysis of 374 TCGA tumors identified 3376 genes significantly associated with colorectal anatomical position, including six sphingolipid-related genes. Overall, these exploratory findings support a conceptual CRC Metabolic Continuum while requiring validation in larger, independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Antioxidants Enhance Post-Thaw Sperm Quality and Fertilization Performance in Javaen Barb (<i>Systomus rubripinnis</i>).","authors":"Irfan Zidni, Abinawanto Abinawanto, Akhmad Taufiq Mukti, Aisyah Aisyah, Suci Lestari, Yuli Andriani, Iskandar Iskandar, Roffi Grandiosa, Atikah Nurhayati, Pringgo Kusuma Dwi Noor Yadi Putra, Mochammad Ikhsan Cahya Utama, Elva Yenizar Anggraeni","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091135","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The freeze-thaw process in sperm cryopreservation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that impair motility, viability, and fertilizing capacity in fish, including the Javaen barb (<i>Systomus rubripinnis</i>), an endemic Indonesian cyprinid of conservation concern. Cryopreservation underpins gene bank development for aquatic genetic resources and supports biodiversity conservation alongside hatchery-based stock enhancement. This study evaluated five natural antioxidants: basil leaf extract (BLE), noni fruit extract (NFE), moringa leaf extract (MLE), sambiloto leaf extract (SLE), and honey-egg yolk (HEY). Each antioxidant was supplemented into the Kurokura's cryopreservation extender across a graded concentration series (BLE 1-4%, NFE and MLE 0.5-1.5%, SLE 6-9%, and HEY 1-2% with a fixed 5% egg yolk) and compared with an antioxidant-free control. Radical scavenging capacity was measured by DPPH assay (IC₅₀: BLE 134.06, MLE 297.04, NFE 422.86, SLE 3010.46 ppm), and post-thaw motility, duration of motility, viability, abnormality, fertilization rate, and ATP bioluminescence were assessed. The most effective doses tested were doses of 1% for BLE, NFE, and MLE, 1.25% for HEY, and 7% for SLE. BLE at 1% gave the best overall profile (motility 85.00 ± 0.88%; duration 7.14 ± 0.38 min; viability 82.00 ± 1.86%; abnormality 18.26 ± 0.16%), significantly exceeding the control (65.00 ± 2.31%; 4.56 ± 0.33 min; 68.00 ± 2.42%; 23.54 ± 0.28%; <i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas SLE sustained the longest motility. All extracts supported fertilization rates above 82% versus 70.08 ± 3.82% in the control, and 1% BLE preserved post-thaw luminescence equivalent to fresh sperm (165,217 vs. 164,087 RLU), interpreted comparatively. These locally available, plant-derived antioxidants offer a low-cost route to germplasm conservation of Javaen barb, strengthening conservation hatchery and broodstock management, sustainable aquaculture production, and food security for inland fisheries communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Sphallerocarpus gracilis</i> Polyphenols Alleviate DSS-Induced Colitis by Remodeling Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting the AGE-RAGE/HMGB1 Pathway.","authors":"Xuanjun Wang, Jun Zhang, Saizhen Guo, Wenbo Zhang, Ziyan Yang, Dengyou Nie, Zemin Xiang, Yongkai Xi","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a traditional Tibetan medicine and health food, the fleshy roots of <i>Sphallerocarpus gracilis</i> were adopted to extract polyphenol powder(PP) in this research. Using a DSS-induced colitis mouse model combined with multi-omics analysis and experimental validation, we explored the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of PP against intestinal inflammation. PP mitigated colitis-related symptoms in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines and dose-dependently reversed elevated IL-10 levels to BC group. Multi-omics data revealed that PP intervention was associated with gut microbiota remodeling, enrichment of <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i>, restoration of bacterial-fungal homeostasis, and improvement of tryptophan and biotin metabolism. By suppressing HMGB1 and RAGE expression, PP blocked the AGE-RAGE-mediated inflammatory cascade. In addition, PP maintained intestinal mucosal integrity through goblet cell protection, MDA reduction, and the regulation of BAX/Bcl-2, MMP3 and MMP9. Overall, PP relieves UC by regulating gut microecology, host metabolism and the AGE-RAGE pathway, which supports the translational potential of natural polyphenols for inflammatory bowel disease treatment as a gut microecological modulator.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nobiletin as a Geroprotective Flavonoid: Mechanisms of Action, Therapeutic Potential, and Challenges of Bioavailability.","authors":"Szymon Sip, Anna Gościniak, Niklas Hoede, Min Hein Htike, Hnin Yuzana Khin, Wei-Wei Lai, Hein Htet Naing, Agnieszka Szopa, Judyta Cielecka-Piontek","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091129","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavonoids are a diverse group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds found in plant-based foods and are known for their broad-spectrum biological activities. Among them, nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavone derived from citrus peels, has gained attention for its multifaceted role in promoting healthy ageing and mitigating age-related diseases. This review explores the chemical properties, mechanisms of action, therapeutic potential, and challenges related to nobiletin. The focus is placed on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and metabolic regulatory effects, as well as its capacity to enhance mitophagy, modulate circadian rhythms, and prevent ferroptosis. Despite promising preclinical results across various models, including in vitro cell lines, <i>C. elegans</i>, and mice, the clinical translation of nobiletin is hindered by poor oral bioavailability, complex extraction, and limited human data. Novel delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions and phospholipid-based carriers, offer potential solutions to enhance its bioavailability. As research advances, nobiletin emerges as a promising candidate for geroprotective therapy, warranting further investigation through well-designed clinical trials to extend healthspan and prevent age-associated pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LDHC Hyperacetylation Disrupts the Guanidinoacetic Acid-Creatine Axis Underlying Cryoinjury in Boar Sperm: Rescue by GAA Supplementation.","authors":"Shan Dou, Bo Liu, Malik Ahsan Ali, Anqi Huang, Changjun Zeng","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091132","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Boar sperm are highly sensitive to cryopreservation, limiting the use of frozen semen in pig breeding. We previously reported that cryopreservation alters lysine acetylation of metabolism-related proteins, including the sperm-specific isoform LDHC. Here we show that cryopreservation reduces LDH activity, and that the LDH inhibitor galloflavin recapitulates this loss, confirming that LDHC is required for boar sperm motility, acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Treatment with the SIRT inhibitor nicotinamide increased LDHC acetylation and simultaneously suppressed LDH activity, indicating that hyperacetylation negatively regulates LDHC function. Untargeted metabolomics of LDH-inhibited sperm revealed a notable decrease in guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), the sole precursor of creatine. Supplementing the freezing extender with 600 μM GAA significantly improved post-thaw motility, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, reduced oxidative stress, and protected acrosome integrity. These improvements were accompanied by elevated intracellular creatine content, enhanced antioxidant capacity (increased T-AOC, CAT, and SOD activities, decreased MDA), and reduced apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate that cryopreservation-induced LDHC hyperacetylation impairs enzyme activity and sperm quality, and that GAA replenishment effectively counteracts this injury through creatine-dependent and antioxidant mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Oil on Adipokine Responses, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Bacterial Burden, and Early Survival in CLP-Induced Septic Rats.","authors":"Ufuk Ülker, Bülent Bayraktar, Mehmet Eray Alçığır, Sibel Kızıl, Tünay Karan, Gökşad Cemil Kotan, Mustafa Yeni","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091128","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Moringa oleifera</i> has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its effects in polymicrobial sepsis are incompletely defined. We evaluated M. oleifera oil (MOO) in female Wistar rats subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Forty rats were randomized to Control, Sham, CLP, CLP + MOO 100 mg/kg, or CLP + MOO 200 mg/kg (<i>n</i> = 8/group). At 24 h, survival, clinical scores, serum apelin, omentin-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), recoverable bacterial burden, and histopathology were assessed. CLP decreased omentin-1 and increased IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, recoverable <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, clinical severity, and multi-organ injury. At 200 mg/kg, apelin and omentin-1 were 1.15 ± 0.12 and 28.4 ± 3.1 ng/mL, while IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA decreased to 18.4 ± 1.8 pg/mL, 24.1 ± 2.8 pg/mL, and 2.5 ± 0.3 nmol/mL, respectively. Neither organism was recovered above the detection limit. Survival was 62.5% in CLP, 87.5% with 100 mg/kg, and 100% with 200 mg/kg MOO. Within this 24 h model, a single post-CLP oral dose of MOO was associated with lower inflammatory cytokine concentrations and MDA, reduced recoverable bacterial burden, improved clinical and histopathological findings, and higher descriptive survival. Because MDA was the sole oxidative endpoint and no non-septic MOO-only group or molecular redox assays were included, these findings support the attenuation of sepsis-associated lipid peroxidation but do not establish a direct antioxidant mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Relevance of Oxidative Imbalance in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder-Myofascial Pain with Referral: An Exploratory Case-Control Study.","authors":"Joanna Kuć, Mateusz Maciejczyk, Krzysztof Dariusz Szarejko, Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska, Walery Tarnawski, Sara Zięba, Anna Zalewska","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091133","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Temporomandibular disorders constitute multifaced systemic impairments capable of compromising overall physiological homeostasis. This study compares oxidative and nitrosative stress biomarkers between patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain with referral and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 44 individuals with temporomandibular myofascial pain with referrals and 44 controls. The procedure involved clinical examination based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and saliva collection. Biochemical determination involved advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and total nitric oxide (NO).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median concentrations of TBARS and total NO were significantly elevated in the study group relative to the controls (TBARS: 6.078 vs. 1.486; total NO: 138.6 vs. 23.82), whereas the concentration of AOPPs was significantly lower (151.1 vs. 505.3). Multiple regression revealed that myofascial pain was an independent predictor of the observed differences, even after we adjusted for age and salivary flow rate (TBARS: β = 4.78 [95% CI: 2.020, 7.541], _adj<i>p</i> = 0.0018; total NO β = 128.4 [95% CI: 82.70, 174.1] _adj<i>p</i> = 0.0004; AOPP β = -755.7 [95% CI: -1228, -283.5] _adj<i>p</i>-value = 0.0028.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myofascial pain with referral is independently associated with oxidative imbalance, highlighting the relevance of TBARS and total NO as promising severity biomarkers. The unexpected decrease in AGE and AOPP levels requires standardized studies to confirm diagnostic utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Combustion: Oxidative Stress as a Shared Pathway of Harm Across Conventional Cigarettes, Heated Tobacco Products, E-Cigarettes, and Waterpipe Smoking.","authors":"Lorenzo Loffredo","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091131","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tobacco smoking is an established cardiovascular risk factor and is closely associated with the development and progression of atherosclerosis, as well as complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}