Annals of African Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Local Anesthesia with and without Adrenaline on Blood Glucose Concentration, Blood Pressure, and Pulse Rate in Patients Undergoing Tooth Extractions: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Siddharth Paladugu, P L Vasundhar, Usha Konidala, Sai Neharika Vasamsetty, Uppaluru Vijayalakshmi, Nadella Koteswara Rao","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_389_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_389_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Local anesthesia is a fundamental component of dental procedures, particularly tooth extractions. The addition of adrenaline to local anesthetic solutions enhances anesthetic efficacy and prolongs its action, but may induce systemic changes, especially in blood pressure, pulse rate, and blood glucose levels. Understanding these physiological effects is critical to ensuring patient safety, particularly in individuals with cardiovascular or metabolic concerns.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the effects of local anesthesia with and without adrenaline on blood glucose concentration, blood pressure, and pulse rate in patients undergoing tooth extractions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective, comparative clinical study was conducted over 5 months on 110 patients requiring tooth extraction. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A received lignocaine 2% with adrenaline (1:80,000) and Group B received lignocaine 2% plain solution. Blood glucose levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate were recorded at three intervals: preanesthesia, 10 min postanesthesia, and immediately postextraction. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The demographic characteristics were comparable between both the groups. Group A exhibited significant increases in systolic blood pressure (138.20 ± 10.45 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (87.10 ± 8.15 mmHg), blood glucose levels (112.85 ± 12.34 mg/dL), and pulse rate (88.40 ± 7.20 bpm) compared to Group B (126.75 ± 8.45 mmHg, 79.85 ± 7.10 mmHg, 101.90 ± 10.55 mg/dL, and 78.45 ± 6.10 bpm, respectively) postextraction ( P < 0.001). Percentage changes from baseline were significantly higher in Group A across all parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrates that the use of adrenaline-containing local anesthesia during tooth extractions should have a cautious approach when dealing with patients. While the technique is effective for achieving hemostasis and prolonged anesthetic action, caution is advised, particularly in elderly or medically compromised patients. Careful patient selection and continuous monitoring are essential to minimize potential complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1656-1663"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146083843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Airway Assessment Parameters: Hyomental Distance versus Ultrasound-guided Pretracheal Tissue Thickness as Predictors of Difficult Laryngoscopy.","authors":"S Kamaludeen, Ampalaya Meenu Raghunathan, Thamizh Thendral, K Cheran, Jeyakumar Balakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_406_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_406_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Difficult airway remains a major cause of anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality despite advances in airway management. Conventional clinical predictors have limited predictive value. Airway ultrasound has emerged as a noninvasive tool that may improve preoperative airway assessment.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the utility of ultrasonography as a preoperative assessment tool for predicting difficult airway and to compare its predictive accuracy with hyomental distance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 100 adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation. Preoperative airway assessment involved measurement of hyomental distance and ultrasonographic measurement of pretracheal soft-tissue thickness at the level of the vocal cords. After induction of anesthesia, direct laryngoscopy was performed and graded using the Cormack-Lehane classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean hyomental distance was significantly lower in patients with difficult laryngoscopy. Pretracheal soft-tissue thickness measured by ultrasound was significantly higher in this group ( P = 0.0001) and showed a stronger association with poor glottic visualization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasonographic measurement of pretracheal soft-tissue thickness is a reliable and superior predictor of difficult laryngoscopy and may enhance routine preoperative airway assessment and patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1473-1477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical and Metabolic Derangements after Using 0.9% Normal Saline as Maintenance Intravenous Fluid in Children.","authors":"Amal Jainy James, Kalyani Pillai, Jeffy John","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_414_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_414_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isotonic fluids like 0.9% normal saline (NS) are recommended for maintenance intravenous fluid (mIVF) therapy in children. However, concerns exist regarding hyperchloremia and its associated complications, particularly in younger children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical and metabolic effects of 0.9% NS as mIVF in noncritically ill pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This longitudinal study included 80 children aged 1 month to 13 years admitted to a tertiary care center, who received 0.9% NS as mIVF for at least 50% of a 24-h period. Baseline and 48-h clinical and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 48 h, there was a significant decrease in heart rate, respiratory rate, blood urea, and serum creatinine, and a significant increase in blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and chloride ( P < 0.05). Hyperchloremia was observed in 7.5% of children, all aged <5 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>0.9% NS may lead to significant clinical and metabolic changes, particularly hyperchloremia in younger children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1650-1655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Admissions and Outcome at Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria.","authors":"Olusola Adetunji Oyedeji, Virtue Tomisona Olaitan, Joseph Babafunso Ayinde, Samson Chidiebere Onah, Wandoo Stephanie Ogra, Adedoyin Beatrice Adepoju, Olubukola Oluwayemisi Olushola-Adokayi, Perpetua Okwuchi Obiajunwa","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_259_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_259_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden, profile, and outcomes of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have not been exhaustively studied in developing countries. The present study hopes to fill some of this knowledge gap.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to document the burden and profile of pediatric HIV admission at Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria, with emphasis on highlighting peculiarities in our setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of the case records of all HIV-infected children admitted and managed on the pediatric infectious ward over 15 years. Data obtained from the information were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and inferences were made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total HIV-infected children population studied consisted of 18 (47.4%) boys and 20 (52.6%) girls with a mean age of 4.06 ± 3.90 years. Transmission of HIV was vertical in all, while diagnosis of HIV infection was made during the index admission in 35 (92.1%). Tuberculosis, community-acquired pneumonia, severe malaria, Pneumocystis pneumonia, sepsis, and cryptococcal infections accounted for more than 80% of admissions. Severe malaria was more common in the above 5 years of age group. Candida and scabies were the most common coinfections and infestations, respectively. More than 50% of admissions were complicated with anemia and hypoxemia. The nine recorded deaths represent 23.7% of the population studied, with Pneumocystis pneumonia and cryptococcal infections accounting for more than half of the deaths. Hypoxemia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were significantly associated with death ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Childhood HIV infections are a significant contributor to pediatric infectious morbidity, with high HIV case mortality rates. Strategies to reverse this narrative are urgently needed for deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1739-1744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological Outcomes of Uncemented Total Hip Replacement: A Prospective Study on Implant Positioning and Alignment.","authors":"Narendra Singh Kushwaha, Raza Ahmad Khan, Dharmendra Kumar, Sujeet Kumar Chaudhary, Khurshid Alam Ansari, Ritesh Chakoo, Ashish Kumar","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_444_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_444_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the gold standard for advanced hip diseases. Cementless fixation has gained popularity due to its biological fixation and durability, but precise implant positioning remains crucial for optimal outcomes. Data on immediate postoperative radiological results in Indian patients are limited.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>To assess immediate postoperative radiological parameters in patients undergoing unilateral uncemented THA at a tertiary center in North India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted on patients undergoing uncemented THA. Standardized postoperative radiographs were analyzed for acetabular cup inclination, anteversion, femoral stem alignment, and limb length discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients showed acetabular and femoral components within acceptable radiological ranges. Minor deviations were observed in a few cases due to intraoperative challenges. Limb length discrepancy was minimal and clinically insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Uncemented THA demonstrated satisfactory immediate radiological outcomes, reflecting good surgical precision. Regular assessment of implant positioning is vital for improving long-term success and reducing complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1687-1693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Synergistic Potential of Ceftazidime-avibactam and Aztreonam against Metallo-beta-lactamase Producing Enterobacterales by Disc Elution and Disc E Strip - Synergy Method.","authors":"K M Aysha Linsy, Anna Rajan Thomas, Nivedha Srinivasan, Sevitha Bhat, Archana Bhat","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_495_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_495_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens poses a significant challenge due to limited treatment options and higher mortality rates associated with infections caused by these pathogens. A combination of aztreonam (AT) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA-AVI) is an effective combination with synergistic activity against metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). This study aimed to compare the disc elution and disc-E strip method for assessing the synergistic effect of aztreonam and ceftazidime/avibactam against MBL-producing CRE, with the potential to inform effective treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 55 samples were isolated from clinical samples, in which 65.45% Klebsiella pneumoniae and 27.27% Escherichia coli were resistant to the tested carbapenem (meropenem) by the Vitek-2 compact system. Molecular detection of the New Delhi MBL, Verona integron-encoded MBL, or imipenemase gene was performed by conventional multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The synergy between aztreonam (30 µg) and ceftazidime-avibactam (30/20 µg) against MBL-producing CRE was assessed using both the disc elution and the disc-E strip synergy method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 55 carbapenem-resistant isolates, K. pneumoniae (65.4%) being the most common isolate, and urinary tract and bloodstream infections were the primary sources. Neutropenia was a significant risk factor, and high antibiotic resistance was observed, where 63.4% isolates were extensively drug-resistant, whereas 21% were pan-drug resistant, and 15.4% multidrug-resistant. With increasing awareness among clinicians, CZA-AVI + AT is being used. Comparison between disc elution and disc E-test showed 96.4% concordance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need to evaluate ATM and CAZ/AVI as potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of infections caused by MBL-producing Enterobacterales . Hence, synergy testing should be incorporated into routine laboratory practises to save time and give appropriate targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1478-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Visual Assessment and Hemolysis Index in Detecting Hemolysis across Common Biochemical Assay: Implications for Sample Rejection in Clinical Laboratory Practice.","authors":"Sibasish Sahoo, Kaushik Mukhopadhyay, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Amit Pal, Kalyan Goswami","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_211_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_211_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hemolysis is a common preanalytical interference in clinical laboratories, affecting up to 4% of blood samples. It can significantly impact the accuracy of test results, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the effects of hemolysis on routine clinical biochemistry parameters by comparing visual assessment with machine-based hemolysis indices (HIs).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at AIIMS, Kalyani, from 2021 to 2023. Residual serum samples were used to assess the impact of mechanically induced hemolysis on 40 biochemical parameters measured using a Vitros 4600 analyzer. A semiquantitative visual grading scale was developed and compared to the analyzer's quantitative HI thresholds. Discrepancies in sample rejection rates between visual and automated methods were analyzed using the hospital's electronic health record database.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data analysis included calculating rejection rates and comparing differences between visual and HI-based methods for each analyte.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual assessment categorized most samples as \"no hemolysis\" (91.86%-100%), with mild hemolysis (1.43%-9.09%) being common and severe hemolysis (0.41%-0.62%) rare. HI-based detection showed higher rejection rates for analytes such as potassium (1.58% higher), phosphate (1.07%), and liver enzymes. Conversely, lower rejection rates were observed for creatinine (+0.75%), urea (+0.79%), and electrolytes. Discrepancies exceeding 0.5% were noted for frequently tested analytes, raising the concerns about the reliability of visual assessment for specific parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimizing hemolysis assessment protocols by aligning HI thresholds with analytical sensitivity and clinical needs shows promise for improving laboratory result accuracy and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":"25 6","pages":"1522-1529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of Left Head Rotation versus the Direct Epiglottis Lifting Technique on Glottic View during C-MAC Videolaryngoscopy in Patients with Difficult Airway.","authors":"Maneesh Sheela Manikandan, Sunil Rajan, Fazil Haleel, Gayathri Sreekumar, Lokeshshiva Arul, Maharnab Bhuyan","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_462_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_462_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Optimal glottic visualization is fundamental for safe intubation in patients with difficult airways. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of left head rotation (LeHeR) versus the direct epiglottis lifting technique using the C-MAC D-blade videolaryngoscope in improving glottic view during intubation in adult patients with difficult airways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial, 60 adult patients were allocated equally to receive LeHeR (Group L) or direct epiglottis lifting (Group E) technique for intubation. After standardized induction, videolaryngoscopy with C-MAC D blade was done, and the best glottic view was captured. The second glottic image was taken following LeHeR in Group L and direct epiglottis lifting in Group E. Percentage of glottic opening (POGO) in both images was compared later by an anonymized anesthesiologist. Change in POGO, ease and time to intubation, hemodynamic responses, and desaturation < 95% were compared in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographics and baseline airway variables were comparable. Both maneuvers significantly improved intragroup POGO scores ( P ≤ 0.001). The median second POGO was higher with epiglottis lifting than LeHeR technique (100 [interquartile range 75-100] vs. 75 [75-100], P = 0.03). Improvement in glottic view occurred in 96.7% of patients in Group E versus 63.3% in Group L ( P = 0.002). Time to intubation (33 ± 12 vs. 31 ± 10 s), ease of intubation, hemodynamics, and incidence of desaturation were comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Direct epiglottis lifting with C-MAC videolaryngoscope D blade provided significantly improved glottic visualization compared to LeHeR with comparable intubation time in patients with difficult airway.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1589-1594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of Lower Limb Deformity Correction using Three-dimensional Computed Tomography Scan.","authors":"Suresh Kumar Bhola, Rajesh Kumar Rohilla, Sumit Kumar, Prabhat Agrawal, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Tushar Lalchandani","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_500_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_500_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Standard deformity correction is based on full-length true anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs. However, a three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) scan may provide a more intricate and detailed understanding of the deformities, to plan for the accurate correction. We present a retrospective evaluation of the deformities in three-dimensional projection with 3D-CT scans and its application on the correction of malalignment of the lower limbs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Planning of 107 cases of deformities in the lower limb was done using a 3D-CT scan over a 5-year period from September 2017. Evaluation was done by measuring angles and lines from true AP and lateral image sections of 3D-CT scans instead of standing full length lower limb radiographs (Orthoscanogram). Osteotomies were stabilized with Ilizarov fixation, followed by correction with Hexapod system (ORTHO-SUV, Pitkar, India).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of 3D-CT scan AP and lateral images provided accurate planning for deformity correction. Deformities can be understood in all three planes including rotational malalignment in a single scan.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The precise information of the deformity in sagittal, frontal, and rotational planes is obtained by doing a 3D-CT scan, which allows for further precise planning and correction of lower limb deformities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1716-1722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Co occurrence of Primary Anetoderma and Isolated Facial Angiofibromas: A Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Anushka Agarwal, Priya Garg, Aayush Gupta, Aishwarya Jaodand","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_446_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_446_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1747-1748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}