Annals of African Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Mapping as a Preoperative Biomarker for Tumor Grade and Myometrial Invasion in Endometrial Carcinoma.","authors":"Kamlesh Kumar Ratre, Manish Kumar, Priya Singh, Priti Kumari","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_559_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_559_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The decision to perform systematic lymphadenectomy in endometrial carcinoma (EC) depends heavily on preoperative staging. We investigated the utility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping to noninvasively predict the presence of EC and its histological tumor grade.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective case-control study included 30 women with histopathologically confirmed EC (cases) and 30 women with normal endometrium (controls). Participants underwent 3.0T pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, including DWI (b-values: 0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2). Mean ADC values were calculated using manually delineated regions of interest and correlated with final surgical histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ADC value was significantly lower in the EC group (0.89 ± 0.29 × 10-3 mm2/s) compared to the control group (1.70 ± 0.37 × 10-3 mm2/s) (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified an optimal upper-threshold ADC cutoff of 1.16 × 10-3 mm2/s, yielding 100% sensitivity, 86.7% specificity, and 94.6% accuracy for malignancy. Crucially, mean ADC values demonstrated a statistically significant inverse correlation with histological tumor grade, decreasing sequentially from Grade 1 (1.04 ± 0.15 × 10-3 mm2/s) to Grade 2 (0.84 ± 0.37 × 10-3 mm2/s) and Grade 3 (0.82 ± 0.29 × 10-3 mm2/s) (P = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quantitative ADC mapping is a highly accurate, noninvasive biomarker for EC. The established cutoff reliably distinguishes malignancy, while the inverse correlation between ADC values and tumor grade provides critical preoperative intelligence to guide the extent of surgical staging.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral Evaluation of Renin-Angiotensin System Modulators in an MPTP-Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease in Swiss Albino Mice.","authors":"K G Prakash, K Saniya, Shubham Jaju, Madhavrao Chavan, K Mythili Bai, Aishwarya Mantri","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_604_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_604_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor deficits. Emerging evidence suggests a role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in neurodegeneration, making it a potential therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of RAS-modulating drugs such as captopril, perindopril, and losartan in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced model of PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An experimental in vivo study was conducted using Swiss albino mice (n = 6 per group). Parkinsonism was induced using MPTP (25 mg/kg). Animals were divided into six groups: vehicle control, negative control, standard control (levodopa + benserazide), and three treatment groups receiving captopril (20 mg/kg), perindopril (5 mg/kg), and losartan (90 mg/kg). Behavioral assessments included actophotometer, rotarod, grip strength, hole board, tail suspension, forced swim, and elevated plus maze tests. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MPTP significantly impaired motor and behavioral parameters, as evidenced by reduced locomotor activity (21.17 ± 2.70 vs. 286.50 ± 8.77), decreased rotarod performance, and increased immobility time in depression models. Treatment with RAS modulators significantly improved these parameters (P < 0.05). Losartan (274.67 ± 11.15) and captopril (267.33 ± 16.01) showed greater improvement in locomotor activity compared to perindopril. Similarly, all treatments reduced immobility time and improved anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAS modulators demonstrated significant neurobehavioral protection in MPTP-induced Parkinsonism, suggesting their potential as adjunct therapeutic agents in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Presentation of Suspected Vici Syndrome: A Case Report with Multisystem Features.","authors":"Kaoutar Danaoui, Meryem Majdoul, Fatima-Ezzahra Tahiri, Hajar Akki, Kaoutar Ettouni, Mouna Zouine, Abdallah Oulmaati","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_525_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_525_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Vici syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the EPG5 gene. It is classically characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, oculocutaneous hypopigmentation, combined immunodeficiency with recurrent infections, cataracts, and cardiomyopathy. We report the case of a newborn born to consanguineous parents, with a family history of a sibling death of unspecified cause, presenting with hypopigmentation, generalized hypotonia, agenesis of the corpus callosum, severe recurrent infections, developmental delay, and cleft palate. The infant also developed transient functional renal failure in the context of severe dehydration, which resolved completely after fluid resuscitation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed complete agenesis of the corpus callosum. Molecular genetic testing for suspected Vici syndrome is currently in progress. This case highlights the importance of considering Vici syndrome in neonates born to consanguineous parents presenting with agenesis of the corpus callosum, hypopigmentation, and recurrent infections. Transient renal failure may be an additional manifestation. Early recognition is essential for appropriate clinical management and genetic counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of von Willebrand Factor Antigen as a Prognostic Marker of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Preethi Yazhini Ravichandran, Krishnaswamy Madhavan","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_489_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_489_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for guiding treatment. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen, a marker of endothelial activation and platelet adhesion, plays a role in ACS-related thrombosis. This study evaluated the ability of VWF antigen to predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in patients with ACS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital, VWF antigen levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 121 patients with ACS. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic findings, and treatment were recorded. Patients were monitored for MACE (defined as a composite of heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, acute decompensated heart failure, and death) at 4 weeks and 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the 121 patients was 58.2 ± 11.8 years; 69.4% were male. At 1 month, MACE occurred in 7.6% of patients, and mortality occurred in 2.5%. At 3 months, MACE occurred in 34.8% of patients and mortality occurred in 3.5%. The median VWF antigen levels were significantly higher in patients with MACE at 3 months than in those without (31.90 [interquartile range (IQR): 27.70-33.50] vs. 12.30 [IQR: 6.00-30.20], P < 0.0001). VWF antigen levels were higher among patients who died, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.243). A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified VWF antigen levels >26.75 as an independent predictor of MACE at 3 months (adjusted Hazard ratio: 3.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.89-7.72, P < 0.001). ROC analysis for this cutoff demonstrated good predictive performance (AUC: 0.788, sensitivity: 85.0%, specificity: 69.33%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated admission VWF antigen levels were significantly associated with an increased incidence of MACE at 3 months and emerged as an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with ACS. VWF antigen may be a useful biomarker for early risk stratification and identification of high-risk patients who require closer monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Laryngeal Myxoma Masquerading as a Vocal Cord Polyp.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_1217_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_1217_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Asymptomatic Pyuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Glycemia.","authors":"S L Sagar Reddy, Sumanasa Gopala Datta, Umalakshmi Annavarapu, Satish Kumar Samal, Ranjini Chittur Yerat, Mohammed Mahrous, Tanedhar Meghanath Bhargav Theja, Ranjith Mule, Melkunte Shanthaiah Dhananjaya, Vijaya Sarathi","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_425_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_425_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infections, including asymptomatic forms like asymptomatic bacteriuria or asymptomatic pyuria (ASP). However, the association between ASP (defined as elevated urinary leukocyte count without symptoms) and glycemic control remains unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of ASP in patients with T2DM and evaluate its association with glycemic parameters and urinary abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 2843 T2DM patients attending the endocrinology outpatient department of a tertiary care center between June 2018 and May 2020. Data on urine microscopy, fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were analyzed. ASP was defined as >10 leukocytes per high-power field in urine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ASP was 14.98%, significantly higher in females than males (30.7% vs. 6.87%, P < 0.0001). Patients with ASP were older and had significantly higher PPG and HbA1c levels compared to those without ASP. Nitrituria, proteinuria, and glucosuria were also more frequent in the ASP group. Among patients with available urine cultures (n = 84), 61.9% showed significant bacterial growth, predominantly Gram-negative organisms, with Escherichia coli being the most common isolate (69.2%). A notable proportion of isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ASP is present in approximately 15% of T2DM patients, with higher prevalence in females and association with poor glycemic control and urinary abnormalities. Given the substantial proportion of culture positivity and antimicrobial resistance, further studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance and management implications of ASP in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-Hematological Evaluation of Bicytopenia in Adults: A Hospital-based Observational Study.","authors":"Vidya Kuchanur, Appu Patil, Shivani S Rao","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_680_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_680_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bicytopenia is defined as a reduction in any two of the three major blood cell lineages and may result from a wide spectrum of infectious, nutritional, hematological, and systemic disorders. Early identification of the underlying etiology is essential for appropriate management.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study the etiological spectrum, hematological profile, clinical presentation, and patterns of bicytopenia among patients attending a tertiary care Center.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed the clinical and hematological profile of 110 patients with bicytopenia. Patients were categorized based on age, gender, hematological parameters, etiologies, symptoms, and type of bicytopenia. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the study had a mean age of 41.5 ± 15.42 years with female predominance (54.5%). Viral fever, including dengue, was the leading cause (23.6%), subsequently nutritional deficiency (13.6%) and sepsis (11.8%). Leukopenia with thrombocytopenia was the most common type of bicytopenia (37.3%). Fever was the predominant presenting symptom (48.2%). The type of bicytopenia showed a significant association with of underlying etiology (P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bicytopenia is associated with diverse etiologies ranging from transient infections to serious hematological disorders. Infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies constituted the major causes in the present study. Recognition of hematological patterns along with systematic clinical evaluation can aid in early diagnosis and timely management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Clinical Profile of Patients of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients.","authors":"Sarthak Mangal, Vikram Vikhe, Vivek Lapsivala, Ajinkya Devadkar, Tejas Kore","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_330_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_330_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents one of the most challenging and common complications encountered in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. This sudden deterioration in kidney function substantially contributes to morbidity and mortality in the intensive care setting, prolongs hospital stays, and increases healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to study the clinical profile, etiology, complications, and outcomes of AKI in critically ill patients admitted to the medicine ICU.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune, between March 2023 and December 2024. A total of 150 patients with AKI admitted to the medicine ICU were included after obtaining written informed consent. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome criteria, and patients were categorized into Stage 1 ( n = 63), Stage 2 ( n = 49), and Stage 3 ( n = 38). Comprehensive clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, and outcome measures were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 51.55 ± 20.76 years with 62% male predominance. BMI status showed a significant association with AKI severity ( P = 0.020), with underweight patients comprising 42.1% of Stage 3 cases. Coronary artery disease demonstrated a strong positive correlation with AKI severity ( P < 0.001), present in 11.1% of Stage 1 vs 73.7% of Stage 3 patients. Sepsis was significantly associated with AKI severity ( P = 0.014), affecting 55.3% of Stage 3 patients. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and procalcitonin) increased significantly with AKI severity ( P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Renal replacement therapy requirement increased from 0% in Stage 1 to 81.6% in Stage 3 ( P < 0.001). Overall mortality was 10% with full renal recovery achieved in 53.3% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AKI in critically ill patients shows significant associations with coronary artery disease, malnutrition, sepsis, and systemic inflammation. Despite the serious nature of severe AKI, encouraging recovery rates were observed across all stages when managed in specialized intensive care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Communication Skills, Self-efficacy, and Mindfulness in Nurses Working in Children's Healthcare Units: A Cross-sectional Approach.","authors":"Ritu Gahlawat, Remiya Mohan, Sanjeeta Dara, Naresh Nebhinani, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_326_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_326_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Effective communication, self-efficacy, and mindfulness are critical for nurses working in children's healthcare units. These competencies impact patient care quality and the nurses' professional confidence and well-being. The aim of the study was to assess communication skills, self-efficacy, and mindfulness levels among nurses and explore their interrelationships and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 84 nurses. Data were collected using a nonprobability convenience sampling technique. Communication Skills Assessment Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale MAAS were administered. Statistical analysis was performed by employing the statistical package, SPSS version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marginal communication skills were observed in 85.7% of nurses, with the domain \"understands the perspective and shows empathy\" achieving the highest mean score (68.5%). The mean self-efficacy and mindfulness scores were 32.18 ± 4.37 and 66.15 ± 10.48, respectively. Moderate positive correlations were found between communication skills and self-efficacy ( r = +0.407) and between mindfulness and self-efficacy ( r = +0.65). Significant associations were observed between communication skills and area of placement ( P = 0.03), self-efficacy and marital status ( P = 0.005), and mindfulness and the number of children ( P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses in children's healthcare units demonstrated marginal communication skills, with self-efficacy and mindfulness showing positive associations. Interventions including targeted training in communication and mindfulness are needed to enhance these competencies. These improvements can ultimately benefit patient care outcomes and nurse well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1232-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Nanak Laha, Manoj Kumar Prasad, Brajesh Mishra, Divakar Kumar, Rishi Tuhin Guria, Satish Kumar, Ujjwal Deep, Manohar Lal Prasad, Rashmi Sinha, Mani Bhushan Kumar Sinha, Partha Kumar Chaudhuri","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_190_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_190_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Hypothyroid patients often complain of shortness of breath, fatigue, and exercise intolerance. Both inspiratory and expiratory muscles' weakness is present, and the impairment of pulmonary function may be initiated at the subclinical stage of hypothyroidism. Hence, this study aimed to assess the pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in hypothyroid patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study was undertaken on patients attending the medicine outpatient department and indoor, in the Department of Medicine at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, from May 2023 to June 2024. Thyroid profile was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PFTs (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and FEV1/FVC) were assessed by spirometry. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Descriptive analysis was done for almost all variables along with t -test and Chi-square test wherever applicable for finding a significant difference using P value. Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study was conducted on 136 patients, of whom 26% were male and 74% were female. In this study, the mean thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine (T3), and free thyroxine (T4) levels were 19.6 ± 34.7 μIU/ml, 1.1 ± 0.794 ng/ml, and 2.9 ± 2.47 ng/ml, respectively. Spirometry results revealed a predominant restrictive pattern (75.74%). Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) had a mean value of 5.89 ± 1.91 L/min. This low level of PEFR suggests restrictive lung disease. Correlation analyses demonstrated a positive relationship between serum T4 levels with FVC ( P = 0.006) and serum T3 level with PEFR ( P = 0.041), indicating lower T3 and T4 levels associated with restrictive lung disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pulmonary function tests can be affected in hypothyroidism with increased risk of restrictive lung disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1127-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}