Annals of African Medicine最新文献_第2页

Erratum: Swiss Cheese Configuration of Incisional Hernia following Trauma: Role of Open Sublay Mesh Repair. 勘误：创伤后切口疝的瑞士奶酪结构：开放的地下补片修复的作用。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_324_26

引用次数: 0

Emergence and Spread of Carbapenem Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review on Mechanism of Drug Resistance and Laboratory Detection. 碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的出现与传播：耐药机制及实验室检测综述

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_169_25

Anuragani Verma, Nishtha Singh, Jyotsna Agarwal, Manodeep Sen, Anupam Das

引用次数: 0

Predictors of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus among Elderly Living with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study in the Urban Area of West Bengal. 西孟加拉邦城区有或无2型糖尿病的老年人中3型糖尿病的预测因素

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_153_25

Anuska Maity, Subarna Sinha Mahapatra, Piush Pandey, Rakesh Kumar, Soumit Roy, Raghunath Misra, Sumit Kumar Dash

{"title":"Predictors of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus among Elderly Living with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study in the Urban Area of West Bengal.","authors":"Anuska Maity, Subarna Sinha Mahapatra, Piush Pandey, Rakesh Kumar, Soumit Roy, Raghunath Misra, Sumit Kumar Dash","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_153_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_153_25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In view of the latest evidence, dementia is also regarded as type 3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM) due to the important role of brain insulin resistance in its pathogenesis. Our study objectives were to find out the proportion and predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and T3DM (dementia) among the elderly people living with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a medical college outpatient department (OPD).Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing elderly patients from diabetes clinic OPD and general medicine OPD of a medical college in West Bengal. Two groups consisting of 70 participants in each, based on their diabetic status, were made. A predesigned, pretested, and semistructured schedule was prepared incorporating the Alzheimer's questionnaire (AQ). Chi-square and logistics regression were used to find the predictors of MCI, T3DM in each group, and the median AQ score was compared using Mann-Whitney U -test.Results: Among people with T2DM (PwD), 27 (38.6%) had MCI, and 17 (24.3%) had T3DM. Among people without T2DM, 45 (64.3%) had normal cognition. There was a significant difference in the median AQ score of both groups. A significant association was found between cognitive status and T2DM status ( P = 0.004). Among diabetics, female gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 15.38, P = 0.012), primary education (AOR 27.14, P = 0.027), and family history of dementia (AOR 27.65, P = 0.013) were found to be predictors of dementia.Conclusion: Significant difference in the proportion of MCI and T3DM among elderly PwD and elderly nondiabetics was noted. Regular screening for T2DM and cognitive status is need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"560-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endotracheal Intubation Comparing Airtraq and McCoy Laryngoscope in Patients with Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization. 气管插管Airtraq与McCoy喉镜在模拟颈椎固定患者中的比较。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_137_25

Prashant Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Moolchandani, Jyoti Sharma, Sanjay Johar, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Kiranpreet Kaur

{"title":"Endotracheal Intubation Comparing Airtraq and McCoy Laryngoscope in Patients with Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization.","authors":"Prashant Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Moolchandani, Jyoti Sharma, Sanjay Johar, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Kiranpreet Kaur","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_137_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_137_25","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Sniffing position for laryngoscopy requires flexion of the lower and extension of upper cervical spine and atlanto-occipital joint. Laryngoscopy is challenging in cervical spine pathology. This study was conducted to compare Airtraq with McCoy for ease of intubation in patients with simulated cervical immobilization.Materials and methods: One hundred patients belonging to the American Society of Anaesthesiologists I-III of 20-60 years requiring intubation were randomly allocated into two groups - Group A (Airtraq) and Group M (McCoy laryngoscope). Philadelphia collar was applied in all patients before induction of anesthesia. Parameters observed were the number of attempts for intubation, intubation time, glottic view, intubation difficulty score (IDS), success rate, and hemodynamic changes.Results: Demographic profiles were comparable. First-attempt success was higher in Group A. Mean intubation time was higher in Group M ( P < 0.001). CL Grade 1, 2a, 2b, and 3a in Group A was 66%, 26%, 8%, and 0%, respectively, in Group M was 34%, 48%, 12%, and 6%, respectively ( P = 0.008). The percentage of glottic opening score was higher in Group A ( P < 0.001). IDS was better in Group A ( P < 0.001).Conclusion: Both Airtraq and McCoy laryngoscope offer high success rates in simulated difficult airways. However, Airtraq provides improved ease of intubation, better glottic view, and lesser hemodynamic alterations as compared to McCoy laryngoscope.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"525-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thoracotomy for Esophageal Pseudodiverticulum Following Cardiac Surgery. 心脏手术后食管假性憩室的开胸治疗。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_143_25

Prabhat Nichkaode, Vivek Shukla

{"title":"Thoracotomy for Esophageal Pseudodiverticulum Following Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Prabhat Nichkaode, Vivek Shukla","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_143_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_143_25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Esophageal pseudodiverticulum (EPD), a rare benign condition, is typified by the presence of outpouching flask-shaped lesions across the esophagus. EPD, often secondary to a motility dysfunction, is associated with various condition, however, has not be reported following mitral valve replacement (MVR). We report a case of a 45-year-old male with progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids over 1 month, along with regurgitation and vomiting. Twelve months ago, he had undergone thoracotomy for MVR. Physical examination revealed signs of malnutrition and epigastric tenderness. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a fistulous opening, 33 cm from the incisors, in the lower esophagus. Moreover, endoscopic ultrasound suspected an esophageal fistula. Esophageal pH monitoring and esophageal manometry were normal. The patient underwent a right thoracotomy for diverticulum excision and primary esophageal repair. Postoperatively, the patient remained asymptomatic, with no recurrence of dysphagia at 18 months follow-up. Thus, our case highlights the importance of imaging in the diagnosis of EPD and demonstrates the effectiveness of thoracotomy in the resolution of symptoms with a favorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"695-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gliptin-induced Pemphigus. Gliptin-induced天疱疮。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_162_25

Avinash Jadhav, Sandra Arora, Ashwini Dattatray Mundhe

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Recovery and Biological Evaluation of Steviol Glycosides from Genotypically Diverse Stevia Rebaudiana. 基因型多样化甜菊中甜菊苷的强化回收及生物学评价。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_458_25

Taha Ouriagli, Abdellatif Amnay, Sidi Mohammed Raoui, Fouad Ouazzani Chahdi, Youssef Kandri Rodi, Rachida Chabir

{"title":"Enhanced Recovery and Biological Evaluation of Steviol Glycosides from Genotypically Diverse Stevia Rebaudiana.","authors":"Taha Ouriagli, Abdellatif Amnay, Sidi Mohammed Raoui, Fouad Ouazzani Chahdi, Youssef Kandri Rodi, Rachida Chabir","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_458_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_458_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Steviol glycosides (SGs) from Stevia rebaudiana are known for their natural sweetness and potential health benefits. However, extraction efficiency and biological activity vary across genotypes and depend on the extraction conditions.Aims and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an optimized extraction method on yield, total polyphenol content, and the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of steviol glycosides obtained from six S. rebaudiana genotypes.Materials and methods: Steviol glycosides were extracted using an optimized protocol. Extraction yield was quantified, and total polyphenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and reducing power assays, while anti-inflammatory potential was assessed by the protein denaturation inhibition method. Gallic acid, ascorbic acid and diclofenac sodium served as reference compounds.Results: The optimized method significantly enhanced extraction efficiency, reaching 149.00 ± 1.76 mg/g and 142.20 ± 1.62 mg/g for genotypes P7 and V9 7/7, respectively. Genotypes P7, V9, and P7 7/7 exhibited the highest total polyphenol content (0.1 mg/mL). The most potent antioxidant activity was recorded for P7 7/7 and Q1 (DPPH IC 50 = 0.11 mg/mL), comparable to ascorbic acid (0.10 mg/mL). These genotypes also demonstrated the strongest anti-inflammatory activity (IC 50 = 53.77 and 66.06 µg/mL), close to diclofenac sodium (66.02 µg/mL).Conclusion: The optimized extraction process substantially improves the yield and bioactivity of Stevia -derived compounds. Genotype P7 is notable for its high yield and polyphenol content, while P7 7/7 and Q1 show superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"676-685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To Compare Different Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. 慢性肾病患者不同血压测量方法的比较。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_261_25

B Sai Surya Teja, K M Srinath, R Hareeth Reddy, Ajith Balineni, Eswar Ganti, Madhu Basavegowda, Srikar Gottipati, Pasam Snigdha Sri, Sasi Gullapalli, Midhu Meghana Battula

{"title":"To Compare Different Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"B Sai Surya Teja, K M Srinath, R Hareeth Reddy, Ajith Balineni, Eswar Ganti, Madhu Basavegowda, Srikar Gottipati, Pasam Snigdha Sri, Sasi Gullapalli, Midhu Meghana Battula","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_261_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_261_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is critical in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to its strong association with cardiovascular morbidity and progression of renal dysfunction. While ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is considered the gold standard, it is often impractical in routine settings. This study compares manual office BP (MOBP), automated office BP (AOBP), and ABPM to evaluate diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility in CKD patients.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 120 patients with established CKD. BP measurements were recorded using MOBP, AOBP, and ABPM over a 24-h period. Comparative analysis was performed for systolic and diastolic BP values, uncontrolled hypertension, and identification of phenotypes such as white-coat hypertension (WCH) and masked hypertension (MHT). Statistical significance was evaluated using paired t -tests and ROC curve analysis.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic BP values were significantly higher with MOBP (131.55 ± 16.88/87.42 ± 10.56 mmHg) compared to ABPM (130.11 ± 17.60/84.35 ± 10.81 mmHg, P < 0.05). AOBP values closely matched ABPM (130.45 ± 17.53/84.63 ± 10.80 mmHg, P > 0.4). Uncontrolled hypertension was noted in 30.8% (MOBP, AOBP) and 27.5% (ABPM). WCH and MHT were identified in 6.5% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. AOBP demonstrated high sensitivity (95.8%) and specificity (94.4%) relative to ABPM.Conclusion: AOBP closely approximates ABPM and can be considered a reliable alternative for BP evaluation in CKD patients, particularly in resource-limited settings. MOBP significantly overestimates BP and may lead to diagnostic misclassification.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"668-675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147363607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Unmasking Lichen Planopilaris in the Shadow of Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Diagnostic Pitfall. 勘误：在女性型脱发的阴影下揭开扁平苔藓：诊断陷阱。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_819_25

引用次数: 0

Role of Three-Tesla Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Masses. 三特斯拉心脏磁共振成像在评估心脏肿块中的作用。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_221_25

Tushar Kalekar, Ankit Gupta

{"title":"Role of Three-Tesla Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Masses.","authors":"Tushar Kalekar, Ankit Gupta","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_221_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aam.aam_221_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiac masses, though uncommon, pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant masses is essential for appropriate management. Three-Tesla cardiac magnetic resonance (3T CMR) imaging offers superior soft tissue characterization and higher spatial resolution, enhancing diagnostic accuracy.Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of 3T CMR in assessing cardiac masses, including mass characterization, associated findings, and agreement with echocardiography.Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, from February 2023 to July 2025. Twenty patients with cardiac masses identified on echocardiography underwent 3T CMR. Data collected included demographic details, clinical profiles, CMR findings, and comparative analysis with two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography.Results: Thrombi were the most common mass (50%), followed by myxomas (20%). Masses most frequently involved the left ventricle and right atrium. Most masses were ill-defined and T1 hypointense. CMR identified pericardial effusion and myocardial infarction in 20% each. Agreement between 2D echo and CMR was moderate.Conclusion: 3T CMR is a valuable imaging modality in evaluating cardiac masses, providing comprehensive tissue characterization and detection of associated findings that impact management.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"614-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0