Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Combined creatine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation with integral conditioning exercise enhances functional performance and metabolic health in physically active older adults: A randomized controlled crossover trial","authors":"Rafael Ramos-Hernández, Natalia Busto, Álvaro Miguel-Ortega, María Martínez-Ferrán, Mirian Santamaría-Peláez, Miriam Saiz-Rodríguez, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03377-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03377-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive performance of self-perceived health for depressive symptom development in community-dwelling older adults: a European population-based study","authors":"Enrico Ripamonti,&nbsp;Federico Triolo,&nbsp;Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03392-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03392-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Depressive symptoms in later life are common and linked to adverse outcomes, yet early identification remains challenging. Self-perceived health (SPH), a simple subjective measure, may offer prognostic value for depressive symptoms.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the predictive performance of SPH for depressive symptoms in older adults compared with objective health indicators.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 25,985 community-dwelling participants aged 50 + from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Individuals living in nursing homes were excluded. Mean age of participants was 64.4 years (SD = 9.9), 54% were women, and average education was 9.8 years (SD = 4.5). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 12-item EURO-D scale and defined as a score ≥ 4, in accordance with established cut-offs. Predictive performance of SPH was assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally over two years by calculating the classification error rate (CER) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and compared with number of chronic diseases, cognitive function, grip strength, and walking speed. Analyses were stratified by age and sex.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>SPH demonstrated good predictive performance both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. At baseline, SPH had the highest AUC (0.72[0.70,0.73]) and lowest CER (22.4% vs. 24.0% for morbidity burden). At follow-up, performance remained stable (AUC = 0.69[0.67,0.71], CER = 21.8%), comparable to morbidity burden (AUC = 0.64[0.62,0.65], CER = 22.6%), and grip strength (AUC = 0.66[0.64,0.68], CER = 22.3%). Combining SPH with objective indicators modestly improved discrimination.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>SPH provides meaningful prognostic information for depressive symptoms in older adults, with performance comparable to objective health measures. Its simplicity supports a potential use in screening and research contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal monitoring of denosumab-associated bone changes by REMS in postmenopausal women with ER-positive breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors.","authors":"Carla Caffarelli,&nbsp;Rosachiara Forcignanò,&nbsp;Maurizio Muratore,&nbsp;Stefano Gonnelli","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03402-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03402-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Adjuvant endocrine therapy is the treatment for estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC). Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce recurrence risk but accelerate bone loss and fracture risk. Denosumab (DmAb), an antiresorptive agent, shows promise in mitigating these effects.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To assess the short-term effects of DmAb and AIs on bone health in ER-positive BC patients using Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry (REMS) compared with DXA.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Post-menopausal BC patients receiving AIs who were referred for osteoporosis assessment were retrospectively identified and classified into 2 groups according to routine clinical management: patients receiving DmAb (Group A) or any anti-osteoporotic treatment (Group B). Bone health was evaluated at baseline (T0) and after 6 (T1), 12 (T2), and 18 months (T3). DXA was performed at T0 and T2, while REMS was also performed at T1 and T3.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>364 patients were included in the study. Group B showed a progressive decline in spine and femoral BMD, detected at all time points. Conversely, Group A exhibited significant BMD improvements at both skeletal sites, observed at all time points. Over 18 months, lumbar spine REMS-BMD decreased of -3.92%±0.88% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) in Group B and increased by 5.28%±0.73% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) in Group A. Comparable trends were observed at the femoral site.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study, for the first time, quantifies the short-, medium- and long-term AIs effects on bone loss and the positive impact of DmAb on bone density recovery without radiation exposure. These findings support REMS as a reliable tool for longitudinal monitoring of treatment response in patients receiving anti-osteoporosis therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03402-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness, social isolation, and social support in older adults with cardiovascular diseases: a cross-sectional study in a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in western Iran","authors":"Fatemeh Darabi,&nbsp;Nafiseh Montazeri,&nbsp;Arash Ziapour,&nbsp;Nammamali Azadi,&nbsp;Fakhreddin Chaboksavar,&nbsp;Shokufe Rezazade","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03379-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03379-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Social isolation and loneliness are increasingly recognized as public health concerns, particularly among older adults, where they are associated with heightened risks of CVD. This study investigates the perceived loneliness, social isolation, and social support among older adults with cardiovascular diseases:</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study conducted at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Western Iran in 2023. A descriptive-correlational design was employed. The study population consisted of older adults patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease who visited Imam Ali (AS) Hospital in 2023. A total of 432 participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Adult Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Statistical analyses were conducted using R software, including Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multivariate MANOVA analysis at a significance level of 0.05.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean scores for loneliness, social isolation, and perceived social support in patients with heart failure were 31.74 ± 7.62, 16.11 ± 4.75, and 24.39 ± 6.68, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a strong and significant relationship among loneliness, social isolation, and social support across all categories of heart failure. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, marital status, and sleep duration significantly influenced these outcomes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results showed that Older adults with cardiovascular disease face an increased risk of loneliness and social isolation, often accompanied by insufficient levels of social support. Enhancing social support may alleviate feelings of loneliness and isolation within this demographic. It is imperative that mental health professionals, sociologists, and healthcare providers prioritize interventions designed to improve psychological adaptation, promote social interactions, and enhance the overall quality of life for older adults living with cardiovascular conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03379-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dynapenic abdominal obesity with prevalence and incidence of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis among the middle-aged and older Chinese","authors":"Weipeng Wu,&nbsp;Chenfeng Fu,&nbsp;Yu Zhao,&nbsp;Jijun Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03398-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03398-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dynapenic abdominal obesity contributes to multiple detrimental health consequences, but its association with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains undefined. This research sought to determine its cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with the prevalence and incidence of KOA in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional analysis comprised 12,872 participants from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The longitudinal analysis utilized a cohort of 11,098 participants without KOA in 2011 as the baseline cohort, with subsequent follow-up conducted until 2018. On the basis of the presence of dynapenia (handgrip strength &lt; 26 kg for men, &lt; 16 kg for women) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men, ≥ 85 cm for women), participants were categorized into four distinct groups. To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations, we employed Logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In the fully adjusted cross-sectional analysis, all three dynapenic abdominal obesity groups exhibited significantly elevated odds of symptomatic KOA compared to the ND/NAO reference group: ND/AO (OR = 1.158, 95% CI: 1.031–1.301), D/NAO (OR = 1.957, 95% CI: 1.590–2.408), and D/AO (OR = 1.438, 95% CI: 1.068–1.934). In the longitudinal cohort (<i>n</i> = 11,098), 2,305 new cases of KOA (21.3%) were found during follow-up. In the same way, all three groups were linked to a higher rate of symptomatic KOA: ND/AO (HR = 1.155, 95% CI: 1.059–1.260), D/NAO (HR = 1.434, 95% CI: 1.167–1.761), and D/AO (HR = 1.369, 95% CI: 1.050–1.785).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings indicated that dynapenic abdominal obesity emerges as a potentially important risk indicator for symptomatic KOA in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03398-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty in middle adulthood and associations with negative health-related outcomes in NHANES","authors":"Panaiotis Finamore,&nbsp;Claudio Pedone,&nbsp;Magnus Ekström,&nbsp;David M. Mannino,&nbsp;Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi,&nbsp;Simone Scarlata","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03400-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03400-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Frailty represents a state of compromised ability to cope with environmental stressors and is associated with negative health-related outcomes in older adults. The study objective is to investigate the prevalence and whether frailty associates with negative health-related outcomes in middle-aged adults.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were sourced from three 2-year cycles of NHANES surveys and combined with Public-use Linked Mortality Files. A frailty index incorporating thirty variables was developed according to recommended criteria. “Prefrail” individuals were defined with a frailty index value ranging from 0.08 to 0.25, while “Frail” ≥0.25. A 10-year survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, stratified by frailty state, and hazard ratios were calculated. Associations between frailty and outcomes were quantified using logistic regression models. Bootstrapped C-index and Brier score were calculated in the overall sample and stratified by decades of age.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In a sample of 5,745 middle-aged adults, 11% were identified as frail. Over a median follow-up of 5.9 years, 3% of participants died. The frailty index increased with age and its determinants differed across decades of age. Frail, middle aged, individuals faced a three-to-fourfold higher mortality risk, with a C-index of around 65%. Additionally, frailty was associated with a higher likelihood of hospitalization, increased health-care utilization, and changes in health status. Multimorbidity represented a confounder of frailty in the fourth decade, but not in the fifth.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Frailty associates with negative health-related outcomes in middle-aged adults, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive assessment. Multimorbidity only partially accounts for this association.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03400-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current use and practices of lung ultrasound in geriatric care: insights from a national survey","authors":"Alberto Finazzi,&nbsp;Tessa Mazzarone,&nbsp;Emma Esposito,&nbsp;Michele Cerasuolo,&nbsp;Martina Salvati,&nbsp;Lavinia Vitali,&nbsp;Daniela Guarino,&nbsp;Nicoletta Cerundolo,&nbsp;Monica Torrini,&nbsp;Antonio Nouvenne,&nbsp;Fulvio Lauretani,&nbsp;Andrea Ungar,&nbsp;Giuseppe Bellelli,&nbsp;Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi,&nbsp;Dario Leosco,&nbsp;Andrea Ticinesi,&nbsp;Simone Scarlata,&nbsp;Chukwuma Okoye,&nbsp;GRETA research group contributors","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03399-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03399-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lung ultrasound (LUS) has gained increasing relevance in the evaluation of respiratory symptoms due to its bedside applicability, diagnostic accuracy, and safety. However, its adoption in geriatric care remains limited.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to assess current LUS availability, use, and technical practices among Italian geriatricians.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A nationwide, cross-sectional survey was conducted among members of the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics. The 44-item questionnaire explored LUS availability, use, indications, and technical practices in acute care. LUS proficiency was operationally defined as the ability to perform the scan, interpret findings and integrate them with clinical data independently or under supervision.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Responders (<i>n</i> = 154), representing 57 hospitals in 17 Italian regions, reported wide interest in LUS and recognized its utility for improving the care of older patients with acute respiratory failure. The main indications, which LUS was used for in their clinical experience, were assessment of volume status, pleural effusions and heart failure. Although availability of LUS equipment in the clinical units of responders was generally high (94%), 27.3% of them were non-proficient in LUS and more than 85% reported that a trained operator was not available 24/7. Heterogeneity also emerged in examination techniques and reporting among LUS-proficient responders, with only 6% adopting validated scanning protocols and 13% using standardized reporting formats.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This survey reveals limited integration of LUS in geriatric care with heterogeneous practices. Structured training pathways and geriatric-specific standardized LUS protocols are urgently needed to enable broader, safer, and more consistent implementation in acute geriatric care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13216130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in major postoperative morbidity after elective abdominal surgery: independent of chronological age, frailty, and muscle strength in adjusted analysis","authors":"Eugenia Semeraro,&nbsp;Silvia Malerba,&nbsp;Sergii Girnyi,&nbsp;Elena Montanari,&nbsp;Alessandra Marano,&nbsp;Mauro Santarelli,&nbsp;Jaroslaw Skokowski,&nbsp;Ruslan Duka,&nbsp;Robert Molchanov,&nbsp;Yogesh Vashist,&nbsp;Karol Polom,&nbsp;Virginia Boccardi,&nbsp;Luigi Marano","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03387-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03387-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Clinical responses to acute physiological stress differ widely among patients of similar age and comorbidity. Frailty and muscle strength commonly indicate physiological reserve, yet the role of sex remains incompletely understood.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to assess the unadjusted association between sex and major morbidity and determine whether sex independently is independently associated with major postoperative morbidity.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this prospective multicenter cohort, 223 adults undergoing elective abdominal surgery (2023–2025) had frailty and preoperative handgrip strength assessed. Major postoperative morbidity (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ III) was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression including chronological age, oncologic indication, frailty status, admission handgrip strength, and sex. Secondary analyses examined length of stay.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Major postoperative complications occurred in 6.3% of patients and were more frequent among men than women (10.3% vs. 2.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.032). In multivariable analysis (<i>n</i> = 216 complete cases), female sex was independently associated with lower odds of major complications compared with male sex (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02–0.72; <i>p</i> = 0.020). Chronological age (OR 1.02 per year, 95% CI 0.97–1.07; <i>p</i> = 0.533), frailty status (<i>p</i> = 0.557), admission handgrip strength (<i>p</i> = 0.723), and oncologic indication (<i>p</i> = 0.116) were not independently associated with major morbidity. In secondary analyses, oncologic indication (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and frailty status (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were independently associated with prolonged length of stay, whereas chronological age was not (<i>p</i> = 0.972).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings suggest sex-specific postoperative vulnerability persists beyond age and physiological reserve, supporting inclusion of sex in perioperative risk stratification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03387-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological impact of age and comorbidities: findings from the REALISM and SENIOR-HLA-DR cohorts","authors":"Léa Vieilledent,&nbsp;Sylvain Gaujard,&nbsp;Morgane Gossez,&nbsp;Anne Broyer,&nbsp;Maxime Bodinier,&nbsp;Samuel Le Goff,&nbsp;Karine Di-Valentin,&nbsp;Elisa Renaud,&nbsp;Constance Dumay,&nbsp;Anne-Perrine Foray,&nbsp;Guillaume Monneret,&nbsp;Fabienne Venet","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03389-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03389-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The ageing population faces numerous physiological changes, among which immunosenescence plays a central role. Understanding the mechanisms underlying immunosenescence remains a priority. Within this framework, the contribution of comorbidities to immune dysfunction is still poorly characterized, despite growing evidence suggesting that it may represent a critical determinant in the evaluation of immunosenescence. The main objective of this report was to disentangle the respective impacts of age and comorbidities. To this end, we focused on immunological parameters originally developed in the context of sepsis, a condition that shares many immunological defects with immunosenescence.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were obtained from two cohorts: the REALISM cohort, including healthy elderly individuals, and the SENIOR-HLA-DR cohort, consisting of a real-life hospitalized geriatric population. Immunological parameters assessed were circulating IL-6, percentage of immature neutrophils, monocyte HLA-DR expression (mHLA-DR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), T lymphocyte count, and interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In the absence of comorbidities, age had no detectable effect on immune parameters in the REALISM cohort (<i>n</i> = 174 individuals). The SENIOR-HLA-DR cohort (<i>n</i> = 76 patients) revealed that cardiovascular comorbidities exerted the greatest influence, being associated with significantly reduced mHLA-DR expression and increased NLR. Infections further triggered substantial alterations in inflammation and innate immunity, characterized by elevated percentages of immature neutrophils and decreased mHLA-DR expression.</p><h3>Discussion-Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings indicate a limited impact of chronological age and comorbidities on the selected immunological parameters. These results suggest that routine clinical tools may be insufficient to fully capture the complexity of immunosenescence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03389-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging without biology: limitations of CT-derived psoas muscle volume as a standalone diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia","authors":"Harsh Jain,&nbsp;Samarth Mittal,&nbsp;Buddhadev Chowdhury","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03395-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03395-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We comment on the study by Choi et al., which proposes CT-derived psoas muscle volume (PV) as a diagnostic indicator for sarcopenia. The study is well designed, using automated deep-learning-based CT segmentation for psoas muscle volume measurement, and adds to the growing interest in opportunistic CT-based muscle assessment. However, a few points may warrant consideration before wider clinical application. These include differences from current consensus definitions of sarcopenia, limitations related to the use of BIA as a reference standard, and the lack of validation against clinical outcomes. Furthermore, volumetric measures alone may not fully capture the histopathological changes associated with sarcopenia, including muscle fibre atrophy, fat infiltration, and neuromuscular denervation. We also note that applying T-score thresholds from osteoporosis to muscle volume is not straightforward, as no comparable outcome data currently exist to anchor these cut-offs in sarcopenia.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13083331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}