Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy in very old patients with pacemakers: a cardiogeriatric, physiology-based approach","authors":"Rémi Esser,&nbsp;Marc Harboun,&nbsp;Alejandro Mondragon,&nbsp;Marine Larbaneix,&nbsp;Christine Farges,&nbsp;Marlène Esteban,&nbsp;Vincenzo Palermo,&nbsp;Sophie Nisse Durgeat,&nbsp;Olivier Maurou,&nbsp;David Perrot","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03393-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03393-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment for selected patients with heart failure (HF), yet its role in advanced age remains insufficiently defined. Adults aged ≥ 80 years are markedly underrepresented in randomised trials, frequently present with multimorbidity and frailty, and often develop HF related to pacing-related mechanisms, including pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (with LVEF decline) and pacing-related dyssynchrony that is not fully addressed by guideline-based algorithms. In this context, CRT implantation or upgrade represents a complex cardiogeriatric decision rather than a purely electrophysiological intervention. This narrative review examines the physiological rationale, available evidence, and clinical challenges of CRT in advanced-age populations, illustrated by a representative clinical vignette of pacemaker-induced HF. We discuss age-related myocardial vulnerability, secondary mitral regurgitation, competing mortality risks, and the predominance of functional and quality-of-life outcomes over survival endpoints. Particular emphasis is placed on integrating geriatric domains—frailty, functional status, cognition, and proportionality of care—into CRT decision-making. We explicitly distinguish pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (with reduced LVEF) from isolated pacing-related dyssynchrony; in patients with preserved LVEF, congestion is more often driven by a severe haemodynamic substrate—particularly valve dysfunction—than by dyssynchrony alone. In selected older adults, CRT may provide meaningful symptomatic and functional benefit when HF is driven by potentially reversible dyssynchrony, even if survival gains are limited. A cardiogeriatric, physiology-based approach may help identify patients most likely to benefit from CRT while avoiding disproportionate interventions in individuals with advanced frailty or limited physiological reserve.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory research on cognitive fluency design for the older adults through Nostalgia-based empowerment","authors":"Yingjia Zhou,&nbsp;Xianhua Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03396-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03396-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>As global aging intensifies, issues in age-friendly cultural consumption design have become increasingly apparent. Existing age-friendly designs primarily focus on simplifying functions while neglecting cognitive fluency, resulting in the current dilemma of “high demand-low adoption.”</p><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To systematically validate the impact of cognitive fluency design, empowered by nostalgia, on age-friendly cultural consumption through a three-dimensional cognitive-physiological-psychological framework.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Extensive literature searches and data collection were conducted across electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI. This was followed by field research and interviews using questionnaire surveys. Findings were further refined through data analysis to advance research on cognitive fluency design for aging-friendly.This study is exploratory in nature, with a relatively small sample size, and the conclusions primarily provide preliminary reference and ideas for subsequent related research.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Findings demonstrate that in terms of emotional activation, nostalgic design effectively triggers pleasant feelings and enhances cognitive fluency among older adults. This approach yields multifaceted benefits for their physical and mental well-being, with particularly significant effects on orientation, memory, and fluency. This intervention pathway is crucial in research on cognitive fluency in aging.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Cognitive fluency design is the key variable in overcoming the ‘last mile’ of age-friendly adaptation, and it needs to be supported by nostalgia-empowerment strategies to aid contemporary age-friendly design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and prescribing patterns of antiosteoporosis medicines in Chinese patients: a real-world retrospective study","authors":"Shuo Zhang,&nbsp;Yuqing Fan,&nbsp;Mengyao Xue,&nbsp;Linfeng Jiang,&nbsp;Chen Mu,&nbsp;Nan Peng,&nbsp;Dongning Yao","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03382-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03382-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The availability of new anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs) and updates to clinical guidelines in recent years may have substantially influenced real-world prescribing patterns.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To assess trends in the utilization, prescribing patterns of AOMs and related influencing factors in Eastern China.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients with osteoporosis who had at least one prescription for AOMs were identified from a provincial healthcare database in Eastern China (2019–2024). Patients were followed until the occurrence of Paget’s disease, malignant tumors, death, loss to follow-up, or October 29, 2024. The prescribing patterns and utilization trends of AOMs were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing AOMs choice.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 363,529 patients were included (mean age 65.1 years; 73.0% female). Active vitamin D analogs (71.9%), bisphosphonates (22.0%), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (15.3%) and denosumab (14.2%) were the most commonly prescribed AOMs. The use of denosumab increased significantly (2.9% vs. 21.8%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), while active vitamin D analogs (80.0% vs. 64.8%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), bisphosphonate (26.9% vs. 16.7%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and TCM (15.3% vs. 11.6%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) declined from 2019 to 2024. Most patients received monotherapy (92.2%), with only 7.8% receiving combination therapy. The most frequent combination was vitamin D and analogs with bisphosphonates (55.6%). Women, older adults, and those with fracture history were more likely to receive calcitonin and denosumab, but less likely to receive vitamin D analogs.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Osteoporosis treatment was predominantly monotherapy, with active vitamin D analogs being the most commonly prescribed agents, followed by bisphosphonates, TCM, and denosumab. Attention should be given to weak evidence-based TCM use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-animal relationships in older persons: from pet companionship to animal-assisted interventions. A position statement","authors":"Andrea Ungar,&nbsp;I. Ambrosino,&nbsp;G. Rivasi,&nbsp;L. Ceolin,&nbsp;G. Bellelli,&nbsp;E. Bisconti,&nbsp;M. C. Catalani,&nbsp;A. Cherubini,&nbsp;L. Colombo,&nbsp;L. Contalbrigo,&nbsp;A. M. Cotroneo,&nbsp;C. Mariti,&nbsp;L. Mechelli,&nbsp;M. Melosi,&nbsp;A. Morandi,&nbsp;F. Mutinelli,&nbsp;C. Mussi","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03386-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03386-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rising awareness of how animal companionship enhances human well-being has drawn significant attention from people of all ages. Literature data about the impact of human-animal relationships is still limited by the number of studies and the settings explored, especially among older adults. However, encouraging results were provided by some preliminary studies investigating pet ownership and AAI in old age. In this manuscript we provide a detailed overview of the effects of the human-animal relationship in older people. We review data on the benefits of pet ownership in later life and on Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAI) as a non-pharmacological strategy to support traditional approaches to the most prevalent disabling conditions in the older population, focusing on the technical requirements that guarantee the quality and safety of AAI. Indeed, AAI may allow for the advantages of the positive effects of the human-animal bond in the older population without the challenges of pet companionship ownership, which may not always be suitable for some older adults.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147653659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic control in the context of frailty: a mortality risk assessment in older diabetic patients","authors":"Hong-jie Yu,&nbsp;Eric Tsz-Chun Lai,&nbsp;Ruby Yu,&nbsp;Jean Woo","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03385-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03385-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glycemia control in older diabetic adults is complicated by uncertainty regarding how intensive glycemic control should be, particularly in those with frailty. This study investigated the association between HbA1c levels and all-cause mortality, assessing the modifying effect of frailty.</p><h3>Methods/design</h3><p>This retrospective study used Hong Kong hospitalization data (2012–2021) for older adults. Patients with first-recorded diabetes during 2014–2020 were classified as index cases. Frailty was evaluated using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS), derived from two years of hospitalization diagnoses before the index diabetes and categorized as follows: no (HFRS = 0), mild (HFRS &lt;5), and moderate andsevere frailty (HFRS ≥5). Glycemic control was assessed via time-weighted mean HbA1c and early variability of the first three measurements. The relationship between HbA1c, variability, and mortality was examined using multivariable Cox regression, with nonlinear relationships modeled via restricted cubic splines.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A J-shaped curve was observed for HbA1c-mortality association (<i>p</i>-nonlinearity &lt;0.001), with increased risk at low/high extremes, significantly influenced by frailty (<i>p</i>-interaction &lt;0.001). In non-frail patients, lower mortality was noted across an HbA1c range of 5.4%–10.5%, with a minimum at 7.8% (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.56–0.61). For those with moderate andsevere frailty, the safety zone narrowed to 6.1%–9.3%, with a nadir at 7.7% (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.68–0.79). Early glycemic variability significantly affected mortality risk only in non-frail individuals.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Frailty alters the mortality risk associated with glycemic control, highlighting the need for frailty-stratified management strategies in older diabetic adults to optimize health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From meta-analysis to knowledge graphs: reimagining social isolation research in older adults","authors":"Zian Shou,&nbsp;Yisheng Liang,&nbsp;Chang Lin,&nbsp;Yibo He","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03394-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03394-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03394-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of eight insulin resistance surrogate indices in predicting incident stroke among middle-aged and older individuals without diabetes: a nationwide prospective cohort study","authors":"Jun Ran,&nbsp;Jinxi Wang,&nbsp;Xuemei Zhao,&nbsp;Qiong Zhou,&nbsp;Yan Huang,&nbsp;Mei Zhai,&nbsp;Xin Quan,&nbsp;Yuhui Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03376-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03376-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although insulin resistance (IR) surrogate indices have demonstrated associations with and predictive value for incident stroke, previous studies focused mainly on diabetic or general populations, with limited comprehensive comparisons in non-diabetic populations.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To systematically compare eight IR surrogate indices for predicting incident stroke in middle-aged and older individuals without diabetes.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we analyzed 6,377 non-diabetic participants aged ≥ 45 years followed from 2011 to 2020. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were used to assess associations between IR surrogate indices and incident stroke. Harrell’s C-index, time-dependent C-index, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate and compare the predictive performance of different IR surrogate indices for incident stroke. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify robustness.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Over 9 years of follow-up, 550 incident stroke events (8.6%) were recorded. All eight IR surrogate indices were significantly associated with incident stroke. Regarding predictive performance, the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) model significantly outperformed the base model and other IR surrogate index models across multiple evaluation dimensions, including overall C-index (0.660, 95% CI: 0.638–0.681), time-dependent C-index, NRI, and IDI. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the eGDR model’s predictive advantages.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>eGDR outperformed other IR surrogate indices in predicting incident stroke among middle-aged and older individuals without diabetes, suggesting potential utility for early stroke risk assessment.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory multi-biomarker panel including fecal calprotectin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Fibroblast-Growth Factor-21 and irisin shows poor diagnostic accuracy for detecting probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older persons","authors":"Laurence Lapauw,&nbsp;Lode Vermeiren,&nbsp;Laura Vercauteren,&nbsp;Nadjia Amini,&nbsp;Lisa Peeters,&nbsp;Sebastiaan Dalle,&nbsp;Katrien Koppo,&nbsp;Muriel Derrien,&nbsp;Jolan Dupont,&nbsp;Jeroen Raes,&nbsp;Evelien Gielen","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03368-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03368-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Backgrounds</h3><p>Serum and fecal biological markers that reflect underlying drivers of sarcopenia, may aid in novel predictive or diagnostic tools for sarcopenia.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To explore the potential of five specific myokines and fecal calprotectin (fCPT) as biomarkers for diagnosing the presence of at least probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional, exploratory study included 156 participants (median age 73y), of whom 59 (20♂, 39♀) had at least probable sarcopenia per EWGSOP2 criteria, and 97 (33♂, 64♀) controls. Myostatin, irisin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 (FGF-21), and fCPT were measured using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Muscle mass and function were assessed via appendicular lean mass (ALM), hand grip strength (HGS), 5-time chair stand test (CST), gait speed, and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Linear and logistic regressions analyses were performed. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using Area’s Under the Curve (AUC).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants with fCPT &lt; 50 µg/g walked faster than those with fCPT ≥ 200 µg/g. Higher fCPT associated with slower gait speed (β: -0.003; 95% CI [-0.001; -0.00002]), while IGF-1 associated with higher HGS (β: 0.077; 95% CI [0.039; 0.116]). BDNF alone diagnosed at least having probable sarcopenia (AUC: 0.63; sensitivity 53%, specificity 71%). A multi-biomarker panel comprising BDNF, irisin, FGF-21 and fCPT modestly improved accuracy (AUC: 0.71; sensitivity 64%, specificity 77%), but this improvement was not statistically significant compared with the single biomarkers BDNF (<i>p</i> = 0.330) and fCPT (<i>p</i> = 0.180).</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The multi-biomarker panel significantly diagnosed at least having probable sarcopenia, but with high false negative (36%) and positive (23%) rates, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The clinical relevance of this specific multi-biomarker panel may be limited due to moderate diagnostic accuracy. Validation in larger cohorts is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of prehabilitation programmes on postoperative outcomes in older adults undergoing major abdominal, cardiac or vascular surgery: a systematic review","authors":"Fanny Buckinx,&nbsp;Anne-Françoise Rousseau,&nbsp;Edouard Louis,&nbsp;Arnaud De Roover,&nbsp;Olivier Detry,&nbsp;Rodolphe Durieux,&nbsp;Sophie Gillain,&nbsp;Abdourahamane Kaba,&nbsp;Jean-François Kaux,&nbsp;Vincent Tchana-Sato,&nbsp;Olivier Bruyère","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03314-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03314-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Older adults undergoing major abdominal, cardiac, or vascular surgery are highly vulnerable to postoperative complications, prolonged hospitalisation, functional decline, and mortality. Sarcopenia and frailty reduce physiological reserve, underscoring the potential role of prehabilitation in improving resilience to surgical stress and postoperative outcomes.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the effects of exercise-based prehabilitation, alone or combined with nutritional, psychological, or educational components, on postoperative outcomes, including complications, length of stay, readmissions, mortality, quality of life, and economic indicators, as well as on body composition, functional reserve, and biological markers, in adults aged ≥ 65 years undergoing major abdominal, cardiac, or vascular surgery.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Medline, Scopus and EMBASE were searched for Randomised Controlled trials assessing prehabilitation programmes in older adults undergoing major abdominal, cardiac or vascular surgery. Data on study characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and methodological quality were extracted and synthesized narratively.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Nine studies (<i>n</i> = 36–182; mean/median age 68–82) were included. Interventions lasted 2–6 weeks and involved exercise alone or multimodal programmes, delivered in-person, remotely, or via hybrid approaches. Vascular surgery studies showed modest reductions in complications and hospital stay, whereas abdominal surgery studies generally reported no significant improvements, except for isolated reductions in severe complications or gains in functional reserve. No studies involving cardiac surgery were identified.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Prehabilitation in older adults remains understudied, especially in frail patients, the oldest old, and cardiac surgery. Robust trials are needed to assess individualized, multimodal, sarcopenia-targeted interventions and to integrate biological markers to clarify underlying mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of resistance training combined with carbohydrate and protein supplementation on the HOMA-IR, glycemic, lipid profile and hypertrophy of older adults with Type II Diabetes: secondary data analysis of a triple-blind RCT","authors":"Juliana Leme Rosa,&nbsp;Matheus Henrique dos Santos Lino,&nbsp;Marcus Vinicius Grecco,&nbsp;Adriana Machado Saldiba de Lima,&nbsp;Joselma Rodrigues dos Santos,&nbsp;Vanderlei Carneiro da Silva,&nbsp;Julia Maria D’Andréa Greve,&nbsp;Félix Salvador Chavane,&nbsp;Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado,&nbsp;Angelica Castilho Alonso","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03374-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03374-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic disease associated with major health complications, including cardiovascular risk.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the effects of resistance training (RT) combined with protein or carbohydrate supplementation on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and glycemic and lipid profiles in older adults with T2DM.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A triple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted with 60 men with T2DM, allocated into three groups: Protein Group (20 g whey protein), Maltodextrin Group (20 g maltodextrin), and Control Group (colored water). All participants completed a 12-week RT program performed twice weekly. Each session included six exercises, with three sets of 8–12 repetitions, guided by subjective perception of effort. Muscle strength progression was monitored through training loads. Glycemic response, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile were analyzed, while muscle thickness of the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis was measured using ultrasound.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The Protein Group showed a significant reduction in HOMA-IR (<i>p</i> = 0.03), indicating improved insulin resistance. Lipid profile variables showed no significant changes across groups. Most exercises demonstrated significant load progression, except rowing and standing curls. Muscle thickness did not show significant differences in either muscle evaluated. RT improved muscle strength regardless of supplementation type but did not produce significant hypertrophy. Protein supplementation significantly reduced HOMA-IR, indicating early improvements in insulin sensitivity, whereas carbohydrate supplementation showed no metabolic effect. Lipid profile parameters remained unchanged, and no significant changes were observed in HbA1c or fasting glycemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147607754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}