Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"The sound of longevity: music and technology for healthy ageing.","authors":"Fiona Ecarnot, Elvira Brattico, Antonio Camurri, Andrea Cera, Simone Dalla Bella, Massimo Grassi, Stefan Koelsch, Wanda Morganti, Alois Saller, Cornel Sieber, Fiorella Tonello, Peter Vuust, Stefania Maggi, Alberto Pilotto","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03410-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03410-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing body of research is focusing on how music, technology, and neuroscience can converge to promote healthy ageing and counteract pathological decline. In particular, music interventions for older adults have been garnering increasing attention, with numerous reports showing positive effects of music on various health outcomes, including psychological well-being, cognitive function, physiological responses, quality of life, and overall well-being. In this context, the European Interdisciplinary Council on Ageing (EICA) in collaboration with the \"Age-It\" project (Ageing well in an Ageing Society), specifically, the work package 1 of Spoke 8, run by the University of Bari, and the \"RAISE\" project (Robotic and Artificial Intelligence for Socio-economic Empowerment) run by the E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy, convened a 2-day meeting in June 2025 to review the state of the evidence on the relationship between music and health. Speakers were tasked with exploring how music, neuroscience, technology, and environmental design contribute to understanding ageing and to developing interventions that support healthy ageing. This report presents the Executive Summary of the proceedings of this meeting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional fitness tests and their association with upper-limb isokinetic strength in older adults.","authors":"Carlos Babiloni-Lopez, Javier Gene-Morales, Alvaro Juesas, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Pedro Gargallo-Bayo, Agustín Jerez-Martínez, Juan C Colado","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03406-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03406-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the association between commonly used functional fitness tests (i.e., Up-and-Go Test [UGT], 30-Second Chair Stand Test [30CS], 30-Second Arm Curl Test [30AC], and 6-Minute Walk Test [6MWT]) and upper-limb isokinetc strength (elbow and shoulder flexion-extension isokinetic absolute and relative strength at 60º/s and 180º/s) in older adults. It was hypothesized that upper-limb-specific tests would show stronger associations, that elbow strength would be better explained than shoulder strength, and that higher angular velocities would demonstrate stronger associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred and twenty-seven apparently healthy older adults (247 women and 80 men; age: 69.27 ± 5.62) enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Isokinetic concentric strength was assessed before functional fitness tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Small to moderate correlations were observed between functional fitness tests and shoulder and elbow isokinetic strength. Better performance in the UGT, 30AC, and 6MWT was associated with greater strength (r = 0.11-0.46); whereas the 30CS showed inconsistent correlations (r = -0.13-0.30). Regression models including functional fitness tests, age, and sex explained a substantial proportion of the variance, with higher values for elbow (R² = 0.34-0.55) than shoulder strength (R² = 0.12-0.42). No consistent pattern of stronger associations at higher angular velocities was identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Upper-limb isokinetic strength is associated with functional fitness in older adults, although associations were generally small to moderate. Functional fitness, together with age and sex, explained up to 55% of the variance. These findings suggest that functional fitness tests may provide indirect and complementary information related to upper-limb strength in settings where isokinetic dynamometry is not available, but they should not be considered surrogate measures of muscle strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairment in heart transplantation: prevalence, trajectories, and prognostic impact - a systematic review.","authors":"I Parrotta, M Valente, Elena Piazzalunga, E Scarpa, D Mantini, L Danesin, C Rossi, L Borgese, L Golfieri, F Burgio, L Potena","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03356-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03356-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Heart transplantation (HTx) represents the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). Neurological complications, particularly cognitive impairment (CI), may influence prognosis, thereby affecting the overall benefits of HTx. CI in HF is associated with disease severity, extracardiac dysfunction, and peri- or intra-operative factors such as prolonged ventilation, cerebral hypoperfusion, and systemic inflammation. However, existing studies on CI in HTx candidates are highly heterogeneous, limiting comparability and highlighting the need for a clearer understanding of its impact in both candidates and recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024549051) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for studies published between 2013 and June 2025. Eligible studies assessed cognitive function in adult HF patients undergoing HTx.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1188 records screened, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most cognitive studies employed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while two used comprehensive neuropsychological batteries. Evidence confirmed that CI is common among HF and HTx populations. Incorporating cognitive status into frailty assessments enhanced prediction of adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization and reduced survival. Cognitive decline was frequently observed in the immediate post-transplant period, often linked to high-dose immunosuppressive therapy and anemia, while long-term improvements were reported in attention, memory, and executive function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive assessment is essential in HTx candidates, as CI has a major impact on survival. Further studies are needed to clarify long-term cognitive trajectories and the role of immunosuppressive therapy in shaping outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory dysfunction as a marker of neurodegenerative disease in older adults.","authors":"Kateřina Klíčová, Kateřina Menšíková, Dorota Šebelová, Petra Polčáková, Michal Kaleta, Sarah Elizabeth Victoria Cook, Zuzana Ildžová, Lenka Satke, Dalibor Zimek, Petr Kaňovský","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03404-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03404-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early identification of neurodegenerative disorders in older adults remains a major challenge in geriatric clinical practice. Olfactory dysfunction is a common feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, particularly synucleinopathies, where it often precedes motor and cognitive symptoms, whereas in primary tauopathies olfactory function is usually preserved or only mildly impaired.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the 12-item Sniffin' Sticks Test (SST-12) for identifying neurodegenerative disease in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 120 individuals were included: 72 with synucleinopathies, 23 with tauopathies, and 25 healthy controls. Olfactory function was assessed using the SST-12. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA, Fisher's exact test, and post hoc procedures. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by ROC analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anosmia occurred in 58.3% of synucleinopathy patients and 65.2% of tauopathy patients but was absent in controls (p < 0.0001). Women performed better on several items, while an age effect was observed only for odor T5 (banana) (p = 0.011). Subjective olfactory complaints had limited diagnostic value. The full SST-12 showed good accuracy in distinguishing patients from controls (AUC = 0.818; 95% CI 0.744-0.891). A shortened nine-odor version achieved slightly higher accuracy (AUC = 0.844; 95% CI 0.777-0.912). No significant difference was observed between synucleinopathies and tauopathies, including after adjustment for age and sex.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings support the clinical usefulness of brief olfactory testing in older adults and highlight the potential of selected odor subsets to improve screening efficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SST-12 is a sensitive and practical tool for detecting olfactory dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. Brief olfactory screening may represent a useful addition to routine geriatric assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gut microbiota and sarcopenia in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis from the second wave of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS).","authors":"Fatemeh Ramezani Kashal, Farshad Sharifi, Sadaf Najafi, Fateme Ettehad Marvasti, Mitra Moodi, Ebrahim Shafaei, MinaSadat Taghavi, Fatemeh-Sadat Hosseini, Masoumeh Khorashadizadeh, Mohammad Hasan Namaei, Ramin Heshmat, Gita Shafiee, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03403-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03403-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Investigating gut microbiota has emerged as a novel approach to exploring the gut-muscle axis and its link to age-related conditions like sarcopenia. While studies suggest gut dysbiosis may promote inflammation and muscle loss, findings vary by region and ethnicity. This study examined the association between gut microbiota and primary sarcopenia in an older adult population in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed 293 community-dwelling participants (aged ≥ 60 years) from the second wave of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study in Iran. Fecal samples were collected, and gut microbiota composition was assessed for 12 bacterial genera using quantitative Real-time PCR with genus-specific primers. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria, based on anthropometric measurements, body composition (via bioelectric impedance analysis), handgrip strength, and walking speed. Associations between the abundance of each bacterial genus and sarcopenia, as well as its individual components, were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 293 participants, 38.2% (n = 112) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Participants with sarcopenia were older than those without sarcopenia (mean age 72.99 ± 6.13 vs. 70.20 ± 5.24 years) and had a different sex distribution (55.4% vs. 60.2% women in the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups, respectively). Higher Akkermansia abundance was associated with greater odds of sarcopenia and was negatively correlated with handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index (SMI), and gait speed (p < 0.05). Akkermansia was also associated with low SMI, and low gait speed; each unit increase in Akkermansia was associated with 9% higher odds of low SMI and 8% higher odds of low gait speed. Both Akkermansia and Lactobacillus increased the odds of sarcopenia by 7% and 8%, respectively, whereas Roseburia showed an inverse association with sarcopenia and each unit increase in Roseburia decreased the odds of sarcopenia by 11.5%. Roseburia was also positively correlated with gait speed (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that specific gut microbial profiles are significantly associated with sarcopenia. Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were associated with sarcopenia, although greater Roseburia levels were beneficial. These microbial signatures are associated with sarcopenia and warrant further longitudinal investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty and geriatric complications in older patients with IBD: a nationwide hospital claims database study across Japan.","authors":"Akio Shimizu, Akira Horiuchi, Yasutake Tomata, Shintaro Togashi, Ichitaro Horiuchi, Naoharu Mori, Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03390-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03390-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often have multimorbidity and functional vulnerability, which increases the risk of in-hospital complications. This study examined whether frailty at admission is associated with hospital-associated geriatric complications in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a nationwide hospital-based claims database in Japan. Patients aged ≥ 60 years hospitalized with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease between February 2014 and September 2025 were identified. Frailty was assessed using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS ≥ 5). The primary outcome was hospital-associated complications in older people (HAC-OP), which is a composite of functional decline, incontinence, delirium, pressure injury, and falls/fractures. The risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using modified Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,905 hospitalizations, 1,220 (31.2%) patients were classified as frail. Overall, 6.7% of hospitalizations were complicated by at least one HAC-OP, with a higher incidence in patients with frailty than in non-frail patients (10.7% vs. 4.8%). Frailty was associated with HAC-OP (adjusted RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36-2.21), functional decline (adjusted RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.12-2.11), and delirium (adjusted RR 2.50, 95% CI 1.66-3.76). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation, additional adjustment for length of stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In hospitalized older patients with IBD, frailty at admission was associated with hospital-associated geriatric complications, particularly delirium and functional decline. The HFRS may be a useful tool for identifying patients at higher risk, and future studies should evaluate whether frailty-targeted interventions can reduce these complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Italian norms for the Paired-Associate Learning Test (PALT).","authors":"Stefano Zago, Thomas Rasi, Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Francesca Frisco, Giulia De Luca, Beatrice Curti, Arianna Moreschi, Aurora Corso, Teresa Difonzo, Lorenzo Lorusso, Anna Formenti, Antonio Tetto, Elisa Di Rosa, Barbara Poletti, Nadia Bolognini, Paolo Caffarra","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03388-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03388-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Combined creatine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation with integral conditioning exercise enhances functional performance and metabolic health in physically active older adults: A randomized controlled crossover trial","authors":"Rafael Ramos-Hernández,&nbsp;Natalia Busto,&nbsp;Álvaro Miguel-Ortega,&nbsp;María Martínez-Ferrán,&nbsp;Mirian Santamaría-Peláez,&nbsp;Miriam Saiz-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Juan Mielgo-Ayuso","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03377-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03377-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive performance of self-perceived health for depressive symptom development in community-dwelling older adults: a European population-based study","authors":"Enrico Ripamonti,&nbsp;Federico Triolo,&nbsp;Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03392-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03392-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Depressive symptoms in later life are common and linked to adverse outcomes, yet early identification remains challenging. Self-perceived health (SPH), a simple subjective measure, may offer prognostic value for depressive symptoms.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the predictive performance of SPH for depressive symptoms in older adults compared with objective health indicators.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 25,985 community-dwelling participants aged 50 + from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Individuals living in nursing homes were excluded. Mean age of participants was 64.4 years (SD = 9.9), 54% were women, and average education was 9.8 years (SD = 4.5). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 12-item EURO-D scale and defined as a score ≥ 4, in accordance with established cut-offs. Predictive performance of SPH was assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally over two years by calculating the classification error rate (CER) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and compared with number of chronic diseases, cognitive function, grip strength, and walking speed. Analyses were stratified by age and sex.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>SPH demonstrated good predictive performance both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. At baseline, SPH had the highest AUC (0.72[0.70,0.73]) and lowest CER (22.4% vs. 24.0% for morbidity burden). At follow-up, performance remained stable (AUC = 0.69[0.67,0.71], CER = 21.8%), comparable to morbidity burden (AUC = 0.64[0.62,0.65], CER = 22.6%), and grip strength (AUC = 0.66[0.64,0.68], CER = 22.3%). Combining SPH with objective indicators modestly improved discrimination.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>SPH provides meaningful prognostic information for depressive symptoms in older adults, with performance comparable to objective health measures. Its simplicity supports a potential use in screening and research contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal monitoring of denosumab-associated bone changes by REMS in postmenopausal women with ER-positive breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors.","authors":"Carla Caffarelli, Rosachiara Forcignanò, Maurizio Muratore, Stefano Gonnelli","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03402-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-026-03402-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}