Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"The use of SGLT2 inhibitors in older people: What is important?","authors":"Giuseppe Armentaro,&nbsp;Raffaele Maio,&nbsp;Leonardo Bencivenga,&nbsp;Chukwuma Okoye,&nbsp;Giandomenico Severini,&nbsp;Velia Cassano,&nbsp;Valeria Zanobbi,&nbsp;Valentino Condoleo,&nbsp;Giuseppe Bellelli,&nbsp;Giuseppe Rengo,&nbsp;Andrea Ungar,&nbsp;Dario Leosco,&nbsp;Angela Sciacqua","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03156-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03156-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gliflozins, or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are synthetic derivatives of phlorizin. Phlorizin (phloretin-2-’O-β-glucopyranoside) is an O-glucoside of phloretin, a member of the dihydrochalcone family that is, in turn, a subclass of flavonoids. Isolated from the bark of the apple tree was initially used for its antipyretic and antimalarial effect. Many years later von Mering discovered its glycosuric properties.</p><p>SGLT2i, originally developed as oral hypoglycemic agents, have emerged as particularly valuable therapeutic options for older adults due to their efficacy and favourable safety profile, enabling glycaemic control without necessitating aggressive intervention strategies. Contemporary evidence demonstrates that SGLT2i maintains remarkable glycaemic efficacy across age stratifications, dispelling earlier concerns regarding diminished therapeutic response in older populations. The mechanism of action of SGLT2i, which involves inhibition of glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, remains functionally intact despite age-related physiological changes, including modest reductions in glomerular filtration rate commonly observed in geriatric patients. In this review the use of sglt2i in older patients will be analysed in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03156-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical estimates of three physiologic capacities explain a majority of unipedal stance time","authors":"James K. Richardson,&nbsp;Stephen R. Lord,&nbsp;Kim Delbaere,&nbsp;James A. Ashton-Miller","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03164-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03164-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recent prospective research indicates that unipedal stance time (UST) of &lt; 15 s in middle/older adults increases their risk of repetitive falls within 5 to 10 years.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the extent that clinical measures of three physiologic capacities, peripheral afferent acuity, processing speed, and proximal frontal plane strength, are responsible for UST.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>UST, distal lower limb clinical vibratory sense, short latency go/no-go accuracy using ReacStick, and lateral plank time, were evaluated in a cohort (<i>n</i> = 172, 51% female, age 64.8 +/- 9.6 years) with diabetic neuropathy (<i>n</i> = 31), cirrhosis (<i>n</i> = 94), and no known neurologic disease (<i>n</i> = 47) using age, body mass index (BMI), sex, and medication number as covariates.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the three variables separately, and as a composite variable (vibration time + reaction accuracy/2 + lateral plank time), were associated with UST (adjusted R² = 0.66 and 0.65, respectively) for the entire group, and for diabetic neuropathy, cirrhosis, and no known disease groups separately (adjusted R² = 0.59, 0.60, and 0.68, respectively). The composite variable also classified participants into those with UST &gt; and &lt; 15 s (receiver operator characteristics area under the curve (AUC) = 0.92 (95% CI = 0.88, 0.96)).</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>These findings allow clinicians to identify specific physiologic deficits and develop targeted intervention strategies to improve UST.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Clinical estimates of three physiologic capacities predict almost 2/3 of UST variability in middle/older people, rendering age, BMI, sex, and medication number less relevant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03164-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynapenic obesity and all-Cause mortality: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Amirabbas Nikkhah,&nbsp;Farshad Sharifi,&nbsp;Pouya Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Marjan Rahimi,&nbsp;Elaheh Karimi,&nbsp;Amirhosein Kefayat,&nbsp;Moloud Payab,&nbsp;Bagher Larijani,&nbsp;Mahbube Ebrahimpur","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03201-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03201-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dynapenia and obesity have been independently shown to be associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. However, the association between dynapenic obesity [defined by waist circumference (WC) or body mass index (BMI)] and all-cause mortality is not yet fully elucidated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We systematically searched databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, to explore the relationship between dynapenic obesity and all-cause mortality up to February 2024. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality were calculated for individuals with dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) and dynapenic obesity defined by BMI relative to a healthy reference group.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Six studies examining DAO and six assessing dynapenic obesity defined by BMI were included. Individuals with DAO had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to those without dynapenia and with normal WC. The pooled HR for DAO versus non-dynapenic, non-abdominal obese individuals was 1.73 (95% CI = 1.38–2.16), with substantial heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 77%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Similarly, individuals with dynapenic obesity, as defined by BMI, showed an elevated mortality risk compared to those with normal BMI, with an HR of 1.33 (95% CI = 1.16–1.53). High heterogeneity was observed across these studies (I2 = 76%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This meta-analysis reveals a significant association between dynapenic obesity, whether defined by WC or BMI, with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03201-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammaging and the sex-frailty paradox","authors":"Beatrice Arosio,&nbsp;Greta Salafia,&nbsp;Evelyn Ferri,&nbsp;Daniela Mari,&nbsp;Eleonora Tobaldini,&nbsp;Giovanni Vitale,&nbsp;Nicola Montano","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03181-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03181-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The “sex-frailty paradox” is a concept that indicates how women despite being more frail are less susceptible to death than men. The roots of this paradox may lie in the different combination of biological, behavioural, and social factors between the two sexes. The aim of this study is to deepen our understanding of the different biological mechanisms underlying frailty and longevity in men and women, thus shedding further light on the sex-frailty paradox.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 452 subjects (315 women and 137 men) stratifying them by age (≤ 80, 81–99 and ≥ 100 years) and sex. A 47-item frailty index was calculated. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers were analysed by next-generation ELISA.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Women aged ≤ 80 years were less frail while those aged ≥ 100 years were more frail than their male counterparts. Interestingly, the 81-99-year-old group showed similar frailty degree between females and males. Most of the biomarkers increased with age in both sexes, while being associated differently with frailty, indicating that there are specific biological roots in the two sexes that influence frailty.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Trying to delineate the unique molecular profile of older women and men becomes essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying the sex-frailty paradox. Further research on sex-specific determinants is required to enhance our understanding of aging and develop effective strategies to promote health and longevity in both sexes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03181-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential associated factors of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: precursor of BDNF and mature BDNF in serum","authors":"Yushan Dong,&nbsp;Qiaoyan Wang,&nbsp;Die Hu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03191-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03191-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>With the acceleration of population aging in China, the incidence of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) will continue to rise.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>We aim to evaluate whether the precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) are associated with PND in elderly patients.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighty-six patients who were scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia were ultimately enrolled. Referring to previous studies, the patients were divided into the PND group and the non-PND group with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale on postoperative day 7. The <i>Spearman</i> test was used to determine the correlations between mBDNF, proBDNF, and PND.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>All the participants possessed normal cognitive function before surgery. Compared with those in the nPND group, proBDNF, mBDNF, proBDNF*mBDNF, and MoCA score (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) were lower in the PND group after surgery. The <i>Spearman</i> test showed PND was correlated with postoperative proBDNF (correlation coefficient = -0.391; <i>P</i> = 0.001), mBDNF (correlation coefficient = -0.295; <i>P</i> = 0.006), proBDNF*mBDNF (correlation coefficient = -0.479; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and the ratios of proBDNF (correlation coefficient = -0.388; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and mBDNF (correlation coefficient, -0.375; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) from before to after surgery.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>In this study, PND was significantly associated with postoperative proBDNF and mBDNF; the diagnostic value of postoperative mBDNF combined with proBDNF was superior to that of either index alone.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The PND was significantly associated with postoperative proBDNF and mBDNF.</p><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800017415, registered date: 07/29/2018), http://www.chictr.org.cn.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03191-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of malnutrition on long-term atrial high-rate episodes, atrial fibrillation, and mortality in octogenarians with dual-chamber pacemakers","authors":"Koray Kalenderoglu,&nbsp;Mert Ilker Hayiroglu,&nbsp;Gizem Yuksel,&nbsp;Gokcem Ayan Bayraktar,&nbsp;Levent Pay,&nbsp;Kivanc Keskin,&nbsp;Cahit Coskun,&nbsp;Kadir Gurkan,&nbsp;Tufan Cinar","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03190-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03190-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Malnutrition is common among elderly patients, often leading to severe complications. This study sheds light on the connection between malnutrition and the occurrence of atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) and atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as all-cause mortality, in individuals aged 80 and older (octogenarians) with dual-chamber permanent pacemakers (DCPM). We employed the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) to assess malnutrition status effectively.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this comprehensive retrospective analysis, we evaluated 324 octogenarians who underwent DCPM implantation and received consistent long-term monitoring at a leading tertiary cardiac clinic. Participants were classified into three nutritional status categories based on their CONUT scores.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>During long-term follow-up, the incidence of AHREs did not differ significantly across CONUT score categories; however, AF and the combined endpoint of AHREs + AF were significantly higher in the moderate-to-severe malnutrition group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Long-term mortality rates increased progressively from normal CONUT scores to moderate-to-severe scores. In the adjusted Cox model, mild malnutrition was associated with a 3.6-fold increased risk of mortality (95% CI: 2.2–14.2), while moderate-to-severe malnutrition conferred a 6.0-fold increased risk (95% CI: 3.4–20.4). Mortality risk rose consistently with worsening nutritional status, with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 3.2 (95% CI: 1.6–11.6) and 5.4 (95% CI: 3.0–19.6) for mild and moderate-to-severe malnutrition, respectively. The CONUT score demonstrated superior predictive value compared with the PNI for both AHREs/AF (AUC 0.73 vs. 0.69) and all-cause mortality (AUC 0.67 vs. 0.61).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Malnutrition, as assessed by the CONUT score, is independently associated with long-term AHREs + AF and all-cause mortality in octogenarians undergoing standard pacemaker follow-up, with the CONUT score demonstrating greater predictive accuracy than the PNI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03190-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of diabetes and sarcopenic obesity on cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: a large-scale prospective cohort study","authors":"Fang Wan,&nbsp;Ruonan Lian,&nbsp;Jing Huang,&nbsp;Jianling Du","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03193-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03193-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Diabetes mellitus and sarcopenic obesity are increasingly prevalent conditions in aging populations, both independently associated with elevated cardiovascular disease risk. However, their synergistic effects on cardiovascular outcomes in Asian populations remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined impacts of diabetes and sarcopenic obesity on cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a prospective cohort analysis using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 10,478 participants without baseline cardiovascular disease (5,122 men and 5,356 women; mean age 58.77 ± 9.24 years) were followed for 9 years (2011–2020). Participants were categorized into four groups: neither condition, diabetes alone, sarcopenic obesity alone, and both conditions. Cardiovascular disease events were identified through physician-diagnosed reports. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>During 9 years of follow-up, 2,443 participants (23.3%) developed cardiovascular disease. Compared to participants with neither condition, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for cardiovascular disease were 1.11 (95% CI: 0.96–1.29) for diabetes alone, 1.05 (95% CI: 0.94–1.17) for sarcopenic obesity alone, and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.10–1.63, <i>P</i> = 0.004) for both conditions combined. The cumulative incidence of cardiovascular disease was significantly higher in the combined group (39.0%) compared to the control group (24.4%), diabetes alone (31.6%), and sarcopenic obesity alone (27.3%). Similar patterns were observed for stroke and cardiac events separately.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The coexistence of diabetes and sarcopenic obesity synergistically increases cardiovascular disease risk beyond the effects of either condition alone in Chinese adults. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive screening and integrated management strategies for individuals with both conditions to prevent cardiovascular complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03193-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World congress on osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03118-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03118-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1 supplement","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03118-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (WCO-IOF-ESCEO 2025)","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03119-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03119-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1 supplement","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03119-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Prevalence and future estimates of frailty and pre-frailty in a population-based sample of people 70 years and older in norway: the HUNT study","authors":"Ingebjørg Lavrantsdatter Kyrdalen,&nbsp;Heine Bjørn Strand,&nbsp;Geir Selbaek,&nbsp;Pernille Thingstad,&nbsp;Heidi Ormstad,&nbsp;Emiel O. Hoogendijk,&nbsp;Håvard Kjesbu Skjellegrind,&nbsp;Gro Gujord Tangen","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03165-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-03165-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03165-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}