Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Functional foods in Mediterranean diet: exploring the functional features of vegetable case-studies obtained also by biotechnological approaches","authors":"Anna Rita Bavaro,&nbsp;Annamaria Tarantini,&nbsp;Angelica Bruno,&nbsp;Antonio F. Logrieco,&nbsp;Antonia Gallo,&nbsp;Giovanni Mita,&nbsp;Francesca Valerio,&nbsp;Gianluca Bleve,&nbsp;Angela Cardinali","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a widely recognized dietary pattern, with its effects largely attributed to “functional foods” which are able to positively influence one or more target functions, improving health and maintaining a state of well-being.</p><p>In this review, three “case-study” typical of the MedDiet, such as artichokes, capers and table olives are considered as traditional functional vegetables rich in bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols. The review extensively discusses the antioxidant effects of these molecules, as well as their role in aging prevention and reduction, maintaining human health, and influencing the abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota. Additionally, this review focuses on the fate of the dietary polyphenols along the digestive tract.</p><p>Among biotechnological strategies, the review explores the role of fermentation process in modifying the biochemical profile, recovery, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of bioactive compounds present in some vegetable foods of MedDiet. Finally, the main challenges in the selection, addition, and maintenance of probiotic strains in traditional food products are also summarized, with a view to develop new probiotic carriers for “functional diets”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on outcomes and costs of dementia care: results from a retrospective real-world study","authors":"Yi-Xiang Weng,&nbsp;Chien-Chung Yang,&nbsp;Wen-Chuin Hsu,&nbsp;Raymond N. Kuo","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to assess the impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on dementia patients, utilizing real-world data. Specifically, it seeks to evaluate how TCM influences clinical outcomes by examining changes in the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, as well as its effect on medical expenses over a two-year period. Data from a multi-center research database spanning from 2004 to 2021 will be used to achieve these objectives, addressing the current gap in empirical data concerning intuitive outcomes and cognitive function assessments.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Propensity score matching was adopted to improve comparability among the intervention and control groups. Due to repeated dependent variable measurements, the generalized estimating equation was used to control for socio-demographic characteristics, regional characteristics, and Western medicine treatments for dementia.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After propensity score matching, a total of 441 research subjects were included: 90 in the TCM intervention group and 351 in the non-TCM intervention group. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that compared with the non-TCM intervention group, the MMSE scores in the TCM intervention group increased by 0.608 points each year. The annual change in CDR scores in the TCM intervention group was 0.702 times that of the non-TCM utilization group. After TCM intervention, annual outpatient expenses increased by US$492.2, hospitalization expenses increased by US$324.3, and total medical expenses increased by US$815.9, compared with the non-intervention group.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TCM interventions significantly decelerate cognitive decline in dementia patients, evidenced by slower reductions in MMSE scores and mitigated increases in CDR scores. However, these benefits are accompanied by increased medical expenses, particularly for outpatient care. Future healthcare strategies should balance the cognitive benefits of TCM with its economic impact, advocating for its inclusion in dementia care protocols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of non-adherence to an early in-hospital rehabilitation program after surgery for hip fracture in a co-managed orthogeriatric unit","authors":"Roberto Presta,&nbsp;Enrico Brunetti,&nbsp;Valeria Quaranta,&nbsp;Silvio Raspo,&nbsp;Paola Cena,&nbsp;Giulia Carignano,&nbsp;Martina Bonetto,&nbsp;Chiara Busso,&nbsp;Gianluca Isaia,&nbsp;Marco Marabotto,&nbsp;Giuseppe Massazza,&nbsp;Mario Bo","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hip fracture is a common event in older adults, leading to an increased risk of mortality, disability, and higher healthcare costs. Early in-hospital rehabilitation after surgery within orthogeriatric units may improve outcomes with limited incident complications even in the oldest old. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of non-adherence to early rehabilitation in the orthogeriatric unit of an Italian tertiary hospital and its impact on outcomes and setting at discharge.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective observational single-centered cohort study. Patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to the orthogeriatric unit for hip fracture who underwent surgery between April 2019 and October 2020 were considered eligible if able to walk autonomously or with assistance and independent in at least 2 Basic Activities of Daily Living. Along with sociodemographic and geriatric variables, characteristics of surgery and rehabilitation, in-hospital complications and functional outcomes at discharge were collected. The primary outcome was non-adherence to the early in-hospital rehabilitation program.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 283 older patients (mean age 82.7 years, 28.6% male), non-compliance with physical therapy was assessed in 49 cases (17.3%), characterized by worse pre-fracture clinical, cognitive, and functional status and showing worse outcomes in terms of mobilization at discharge. After multivariable analysis, non-adherence was independently associated with the onset of delirium (OR 5.26, 95%CI 2.46–11.26; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) or infections after surgery (OR 3.26, 95%CI 1.54–6.89; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and a systolic blood pressure at admission &lt; 120 mmHg (OR 4.52, 95%CI 1.96–10.43, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Pre-fracture poor cognitive and functional status, along with lower systolic blood pressure, seem to make some patients more vulnerable to in-hospital complications (mainly delirium and infections) and negatively affect the adherence to physical therapy and, by consequence, clinical outcomes of rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between sarcopenia and 11 respiratory diseases: a comprehensive mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Yue Su,&nbsp;Youqian Zhang,&nbsp;Di Zhang,&nbsp;Jinfu Xu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia (SP) is an aging-related loss of muscle mass and function, affecting the respiratory system. However, the causality of the association between sarcopenia on lung diseases remains elusive.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The bidirectional univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR), multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis, and mediation MR were utilized to systematically investigate the genetic causal relationship of SP and 11 respiratory diseases. Independent genomic variants related to sarcopenia or respiratory diseases were identified as instrumental variables (IVs), and the summary level data of genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) were obtained from the UK biobank and FinnGen. MVMR analysis was conducted to explore the mediation effects of body mass index (BMI), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), smoking, education attainment (EA), physical activity, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Forward UVMR analysis based on the primary method revealed that pneumoconiosis was associated with a higher risk of appendicular lean mass (ALM) (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.03), and BMI (10.65%), smoking (10.65%), and physical activity (17.70%) had a mediating role in the effect of pneumoconiosis on ALM. In reverse MR analysis, we found that genetically predicted ALM was significantly associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) (OR = 1.24, <i>p</i> = 7.21E-05). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and sarcoidosis (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.004) were identified to increase the loss of left-hand grip strength (HGS). Conversely, the increase in left- HGS presented a protective effect on chronic bronchitis (CB) (OR = 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.03), (OR = 0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and asthma (OR = 0.78, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Similarly, the loss of the right-HGS elevated the risk of low respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (OR = 0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and bronchiectasis (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.03), which is also an independent protective factor for LRTI and asthma. In the aspects of low HGS, the risk of LRTI was increased after MVMR analysis, and the risk of sarcoidosis and pneumoconiosis was elevated in the reverse analysis. Lastly, asthma was found to be related to the loss of the usual walking pace, and the reverse MR analysis suggested a causal relationship between the usual walking pace and LRTI (OR = 0.32, <i>p</i> = 2.79 × 10−⁵), asthma (OR = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 2.09 × 10−⁶), COPD (OR = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 6.64 × 10−⁴), and PE(OR = 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This data-driven MR analysis revealed SP was bidirectional causally associated with lung diseases, providing genetic evidence for further mechanistic and clinical studies to understand the crosstalk between SP and lung diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the optimal wavelength of low-level light therapy (LLLT) in treating knee osteoarthritis symptoms","authors":"Tianxiang Fan,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Arnold Y. L. Wong,&nbsp;Xiao Liang,&nbsp;Yarou Yuan,&nbsp;Peng Xia,&nbsp;Zhi Yao,&nbsp;Deli Wang,&nbsp;Marco Y. C. Pang,&nbsp;Changhai Ding,&nbsp;Zhaohua Zhu,&nbsp;Ye Li,&nbsp;Siu Ngor Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02853-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02853-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To compare the efficacy of the various wavelengths of low-level light therapy (LLLT) in alleviating knee pain, dysfunction, and stiffness in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to compare the effectiveness of LLLT versus sham treatment in reducing knee pain, dysfunction, and stiffness.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 12 December 2023. Randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of different wavelengths of LLLT on alleviating pain of patients with KOA were included. A conventional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were preformed, and standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen studies involving 673 participants with KOA met inclusion criteria. Overall, LLLT was superior to sham LLLT for relieving pain (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI 0.31–1.61) but not for improving function (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI − 0.11 to 0.53) or stiffness (SMD = 0.07, 95% CI − 0.25 to 0.39). Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value ranking showed the most effective wavelength of LLLT in reducing KOA pain was 904–905 nm (SUCRA, 86.90%), followed by multi-wavelengths (MWL) (SUCRA, 56.43%) and 785–850 nm (SUCRA, 54.97%). Compared to sham LLLT, L2 (SMD = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.31–2.53) and L1 (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.11–1.50) showed a significant reduction in KOA pain. However, MWL (SMD = 0.83; 95% CI = − 0.06 to 1.72) showed similar KOA pain reduction compared to sham LLLT. The certainty of evidence showed that the quality of evidence regarding the effectiveness of overall LLLT versus sham, and 904–905 nm versus sham were low, while the quality of evidence for MWL versus sham, and 785–850 nm versus sham was very low.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While the 904–905 nm wavelength showed potential benefits in reducing KOA pain, the overall quality of the evidence was low. LLLT with 904–905 nm or 785–850 nm wavelengths yielded significantly better reduction in KOA pain compared to sham LLLT, but further high-quality research is warranted to validate these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calf circumference was negatively associated with all-cause mortality among the Chinese centenarians: a prospective study with a 5-year follow-up","authors":"Zhigao Sun,&nbsp;Hengbo Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaofei Liu,&nbsp;Xiaobing Wang,&nbsp;Qiong Liu,&nbsp;Yali Zhao,&nbsp;Yan Nie,&nbsp;Dongzong Huang,&nbsp;Shihui Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02850-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02850-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia is an aging-related disorder characterized by a loss of muscle mass and function. Calf circumference (CC) is a useful surrogate marker of muscle mass and function. This prospective study was designed to investigate the association between CC and all-cause mortality during a follow-up for 5 years in the Chinese centenarians.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS) is conducted in 18 cities and counties of Hainan, China.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>All 231 centenarians had a mean age of 103.03 years. Survival participants had a longer CC and were often living alone compared with others (<i>P</i>&lt;0.05 for all). Multivariate Cox regression models showed that CC was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 for all). Participants with a longer CC had a lower mortality risk compared with others [Exp(β): 0.918; 95%confidence interval: 0.863–0.977]. Participants with a longer CC had a lower mortality risk whether they were males or females and lived with family members or alone.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CC was negatively associated with all-cause mortality and could be an indicator of future mortality among the Chinese centenarians. Further researches should focus on preventing a decline in the CC in order to promote human longevity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of accelerated aging in the association between depression and mortality risk: findings from NHANES","authors":"Cheng Xu,&nbsp;Jia-ni Wang,&nbsp;Zhen Song,&nbsp;Han-yu Deng,&nbsp;Chong-chao Li","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02854-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02854-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the association between depression, accelerated biological aging, and mortality risk, and to assess whether accelerated aging mediates the relationship between major depression and mortality risk.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A prospective cohort of 12,761 participants aged 20 years or older from the 2005–2010 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was analyzed. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with scores of ≥ 10 indicating major depression. Accelerated biological aging was measured using phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel). Multivariable linear regression models and subgroup analyses were used to examine the association between depression and accelerated aging, while weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models and subgroup analyses assessed the impact of major depression on mortality risk. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether PhenoAgeAccel mediated the relationship between major depression and mortality outcomes.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the 12,761 adults, the weighted mean age was 46.6 years, with 48.8% being male, and 6.9% experiencing major depression. The results showed a positive association between major depression and PhenoAgeAccel (β: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.06–1.16). Over a median follow-up duration of 11.3 years (interquartile range: 9.9–13.1), major depression was associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.62) and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18–2.54). However, the relationship with cancer mortality was not statistically significant after full adjustment for confounding factors. The mediation analysis further revealed that PhenoAgeAccel accounted for 10.32% and 5.12% of the associations between major depression and all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Depression is associated with accelerated aging and contributes to increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Accelerated aging partially mediates the association between major depression and mortality risk. Our findings highlight the urgent need to incorporate mental health care into public health strategies to delay population aging and reduce mortality risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The negative association between sodium-driven nutrient pattern and telomere length: the chain mediating role of diastolic pressure and waist circumference","authors":"Baodi Xing,&nbsp;Jie Yu,&nbsp;Yiwen Liu,&nbsp;Shuli He,&nbsp;Qi Gao,&nbsp;Xinyue Chen,&nbsp;Fan Ping,&nbsp;Lingling Xu,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Huabing Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxiu Li","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02852-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02852-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Numerous single nutrients have been suggested to be linked with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). However, data on nutrient patterns (NPs), particularly in Chinese population, are scarce. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutrient-based dietary patterns and LTL, and the potential role of metabolic factors.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Dietary data was obtained via 24-hour food recalls, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify NPs. LTL was assessed using a real-time PCR assay. Multiple linear regression was conducted to determine the association between NPs and LTL. The potential role of metabolism among them was analyzed using mediation models.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 779 individuals from northern China were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Five main nutrient patterns were identified. Adjusted linear regression showed that the “high sodium” pattern was inversely associated with LTL (<i>B</i>=-0.481(-0.549, -0.413), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The “high vitamin E-fat” pattern exhibited a positive correlation (<i>B</i> = 0.099(0.029, 0.170), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas the “high vitamin A-vitamin B2” pattern was negatively correlated with LTL (<i>B</i>=-0.120(-0.183, -0.057), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively. No significant associations were observed for the remaining nutrient patterns. The mediation model demonstrated that diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference could individually and collectively mediate the negative impact of the “high sodium” pattern on LTL (<i>B</i>_DBP=-0.0173(-0.0333, -0.0041), <i>B</i>_WC=-0.0075(-0.0186, -0.0004), <i>B</i>_joint=-0.0033 (-0.0072, -0.0006), all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, glycosylated hemoglobin and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol mediate the relationship between the “high vitamin E-fat” pattern and LTL (<i>B</i>_HbA1c=0.0170(0.0010,0.0347), <i>B</i>_non-HDL-C= 0.0335 (0.0067, 0.0626), all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The “high sodium” and “high vitamin E-fat” nutrient patterns demonstrated negative and positive associations with LTL and metabolic indicators may play complex mediating roles in these relationships.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting pulmonary complications in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery","authors":"Jingjing Liu,&nbsp;Dinghao Xue,&nbsp;Long Wang,&nbsp;Yanxiang Li,&nbsp;Luyu Liu,&nbsp;Guosong Liao,&nbsp;Jiangbei Cao,&nbsp;Yanhong Liu,&nbsp;Jingsheng Lou,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Yongbin Yang,&nbsp;Weidong Mi,&nbsp;Qiang Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02844-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02844-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) remain a prevalent concern among elderly patients undergoing surgery, with a notably higher incidence observed in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of PPCs in this population.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 2963 elderly patients who underwent thoracic surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into a training cohort (80%, <i>n</i> = 2369) or a validation cohort (20%, <i>n</i> = 593). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for PPCs, and a nomogram was developed based on the findings from the training cohort. The validation cohort was used to validate the model. The predictive accuracy of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under ROC (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 918 (31.0%) patients reported PPCs. Nine independent risk factors for PPCs were identified: preoperative presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), elevated leukocyte count, higher partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) level, surgical site, thoracotomy, intraoperative hypotension, blood loss &gt; 100 mL, surgery duration &gt; 180 min, and malignant tumor. The AUC value for the training cohort was 0.739 (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.719–0.762), and it was 0.703 for the validation cohort (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.657–0.749). The <i>P-</i>values for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were 0.633 and 0.144 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively, indicating a notable calibration curve fit. The DCA curve indicated that the nomogram could be applied clinically if the risk threshold was between 12% and 84%, which was found to be between 8% and 82% in the validation cohort.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlighted the pressing need for early detection of PPCs in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery. The nomogram exhibited promising predictive efficacy for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery, enabling the identification of high-risk patients and consequently aiding in the implementation of preventive interventions.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between statin usage and mortality outcomes in aging U.S. cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study","authors":"Shan Ding,&nbsp;Fengling Yang,&nbsp;Pan Lai,&nbsp;Weiwen Jiang,&nbsp;Minze Chen,&nbsp;Yijun Ge,&nbsp;Liting Zhou,&nbsp;Shaozhuang Chen,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang,&nbsp;Yanrong Ye","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02851-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02851-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The population of Aging cancer survivors in the United States has surged to over 16.9 million. Research on the relationship between statin usage and post-cancer survival rates remains limited.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aims to investigate the association between statin use and various causes of mortality among aging cancer survivors.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed NHANES data from 1999 to 2018, Statin usage, both hydrophilic and lipophilic, was derived from NHANES prescription records. We utilized Cox proportional hazards models to associate statin utilization with mortality, differentiating causes of death according to statin type and patterns of use.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Within a cohort of 2,968 participants, statin usage was categorized into non-users (1,738), hydrophilic statin users (216), and lipophilic statin users (982). Compared to those who did not use statins, individuals prescribed hydrophilic statins did not show a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–1.41; <i>P</i> = 0.960), as outlined in Model 3. In contrast, the group receiving lipophilic statins exhibited a notable decrease in all-cause mortality risk (adjusted HR, 0.77; <i>P</i> = 0.003). Nonetheless, both hydrophilic and lipophilic statins were effective in diminishing the risk associated with cancer from its onset until death, with hydrophilic statins showing a greater level of efficacy.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The potential of statins to reduce cancer-related mortality may provide avenues for targeted clinical interventions and management strategies.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study reveals that the use of lipophilic statins is significantly associated with lower all-cause and cancer-cause mortality risks among aging cancer survivors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}