Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and activities of daily living disability among older adults residing in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Lee Smith,&nbsp;Guillermo F. López Sánchez,&nbsp;Pinar Soysal,&nbsp;Karel Kostev,&nbsp;Louis Jacob,&nbsp;Nicola Veronese,&nbsp;Mark A. Tully,&nbsp;Laurie Butler,&nbsp;Yvonne Barnett,&nbsp;Damiano Pizzol,&nbsp;Jae Il Shin,&nbsp;Ai Koyanagi","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02864-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02864-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) may be associated with an increased risk of disability. However, to date, this has not been investigated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), while the mediators are largely unknown.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between DAO and activities of daily living (ADL) disability, and to identify potential mediators among older adults from six LMICs.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health were analyzed. Data on 20,198 adults aged ≥ 60 years were analyzed [mean (SD) age 69.3 (13.1) years; 54.1% females]. Dynapenia was defined as handgrip strength of &lt; 26 kg for men and &lt; 16 kg for women. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference of &gt; 88 cm for women and &gt; 102 cm for men. DAO was defined as having both dynapenia and abdominal obesity. Disability was defined as severe or extreme difficulty in conducting at least one of six types of ADL. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to no dynapenia and no abdominal obesity, DAO was significantly associated with 2.08 (95%CI = 1.37–3.17) times higher odds for ADL disability Mediation analysis showed that diabetes (mediated percentage 4.7%), hypertension (7.2%), and angina (7.7%) were significant mediators in the association between DAO and ADL disability.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>DAO was associated with increased odds for ADL disability among older adults from LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess temporal associations, and whether addressing or preventing DAO can impact on future occurrence of disability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02864-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability trends among elderly Ukrainians in war conditions: a 10-year retrospective study","authors":"Alla Kyrychenko,&nbsp;Inna Khanyukova,&nbsp;Olena Moroz,&nbsp;Oksana Sirenko,&nbsp;Olexandr Kuryata","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02863-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02863-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in elderly are a significant problem in Ukraine. It is expected that the ongoing war will augment this problem. The study aimed to analyze the trends of disability due to NCDs s in newly-diagnosed elderly patients between 2013 and 2023.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study included data obtained from the official document “Report on the Causes of Disability and Indications for Medical, Professional, and Social Rehabilitation” commissioned by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The data on disability due to NCDs s were obtained from for 2013–2023.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>During the 2013–2021 the average number of disabled elderly patients due to NCDs per 10,000 elderly persons was significantly lower in compare with working-age. During the first year of full-scaled war the average number of disabled elderly patients due to NCDS s per 10,000 elderly persons dramatically increased by 2-fold, and in 2023 – by 2.8-fold against 2013 value (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while in working-age the disability rate increased significantly only in 2023 by 1.4-fold compared to the pre-war level. In 2013–2021 the main causes of disability among those related to NCDs in elderly were cardiovascular diseases, followed by cancer. In 2022 compared to the pre-war level, the indicators of disability of the elderly due to CVD increased by 1.5 times, due to cerebrovascular diseases - by 2.2 times, due to cancer - by 1.7 times, due to musculoskeletal diseases - by 2 times (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The most significant increase in the number of elderly people with disabilities during the full-scale war occurred due to coronary artery disease - by 55.1%, and osteoarthritis - by 83.4% from baseline in 2013. It estemated the differences in indicators of disability of elderly between regions of Ukraine, significantly higher indicators of disability of the elderly due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, cerebrovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases were noted in the frontline regions.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Data on primary disability among elderly Ukrainians indicates a significant increase in NCDs-related disability during the war in compare with working population, especially in frontline regions and regions with a high concentration of displaced persons. In this structure of NCDs-related increasing disability, CVD, oncology and musculoskeletal diseases system prevailed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02863-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The connection between anemia and limitations in daily activities among older males: the critical role of dynapenia","authors":"Abdulkadir Karismaz,&nbsp;Pinar Soysal,&nbsp;Rafet Eren,&nbsp;Istemi Serin,&nbsp;Ceyda Aslan,&nbsp;Masoud Rahmati,&nbsp;Dong Keon Yon,&nbsp;Lee Smith","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02859-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02859-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older male patients.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 223 older males attending one geriatric outpatient clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 13 g/dL. Patients’ demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and comprehensive geriatric assessment parameters were also recorded. Handgrip strength of &lt; 27 kg for males was accepted as dynapenia. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional capacity.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age (standard deviation) of the participants was 80.17 (7.69) years. The prevalence of patients with anemia was 43.9%. There was differences between anemic and non-anemic groups in terms of presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), malnutrition, dynapenia, geriatric depression, BADL and IADL scores (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for all confounding variables except for dynapenia, patients with anemia were associated with reduced BADL and IADL (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for all confounding variables including dynapenia, deterioration in total BADL and IADL scores did not remain significant in the anemic group compared to the non-anemic group (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Close to one in two older outpatient men had anemia. Anemic men had a higher incidence of DM, CHF, CKD, malnutrition, geriatric depression and dynapenia. Anemia was associated with dependence in both BADL and IADL in older men. However, comorbidities, nutritional status, depressive mood and, specifically muscle strength, were important contributors to this association.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02859-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of biological aging with prostate cancer: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Weiqi Yin,&nbsp;Baiyang Song,&nbsp;Chengling Yu,&nbsp;Junhui Jiang,&nbsp;Zejun Yan,&nbsp;Chengxin Xie","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02861-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02861-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The link between biological aging and prostate cancer (PCa) risk, particularly as indicated by elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, remains uncertain. This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001–2010) to explore this association. Biological age was assessed using Klemera-Doubal method age (KDMAge) and phenotypic age (PhenoAge). PCa was identified through self-reported diagnoses, and highly probable PCa was determined by PSA levels. We analyzed the prevalence of PCa and PSA-defined highly probable PCa across quartiles of biological age measures using weighted chi-square and linear trend tests. Associations were evaluated using weighted multiple logistic regression models. Among 7,209 and 6,682 males analyzed, the overall weighted prevalence of PCa was 2.86%, increasing to 9.60% in those aged 65 and above. A significant rise in PCa prevalence was observed with higher quartiles of KDMAge or PhenoAge (P for trend &lt; 0.001), particularly in those under 65. In this younger group, higher PhenoAge acceleration quartiles were linked to increased PCa prevalence and higher risk of PCa (OR = 1.50, P = 0.015) as well as highly probable PCa in those without a diagnosis (OR = 1.28, P = 0.031). These findings suggest that accelerated biological aging is associated with an increased risk of PCa and may indicate early risk as signaled by PSA levels, even in those without a PCa diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11502538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of handgrip strength and risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Bingru Luo,&nbsp;Yan Bai,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Liuyan Huang,&nbsp;Wei Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02856-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02856-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Handgrip strength (HGS) is a simple and non-invasive measure of muscle strength, which has been proposed as a potential predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the association between HGS and CVD risk in the Chinese population remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between handgrip strength and the risk of cardiovascular disease using data from the 2015–2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 9369 participants aged 45 years and older from the CHARLS dataset. HGS was measured using a dynamometer, and the average of three measurements for each hand was recorded. Participants were categorized into quartile based on their HGS levels. The primary outcome was the incidence of CVD, including heart diseases, and stroke, obtained through self-reports and verified by medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the association between HGS and CVD risk, and using restricted cubic spline to construct a linear relationship, adjusting for potential covariates including demographic factors, lifestyle factors, body composition, and health status. The robustness of the results was determined by stratified analysis.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>During a mean follow-up of 3 years, 1198 CVD events were reported, including 851 heart diseases and 427 strokes. After multivariate adjustment, the HR and 95% CI corresponding to CVD risk for participants in the HGS 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles compared with those in the lowest quartile were 0.824 (95% CI: 0.692–0.981), 0.756 (95% CI: 0.614–0.929), 0.625 (95% CI: 0.484–0.807) (<i>P</i>_{for trend}: &lt;0.001), respectively. All subgroups analyzed found similar results. For CVD components, HGS was similarly linearly associated with heart disease, and had an inverted U-shape relationship with the risk of stroke, with a potential threshold of 23.16 kg.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Higher HGS was significantly associated with decreased risk of CVD, including heart disease and stroke, in middle-aged and older adults, suggesting that HGS may be a promising measurable predictor of CVD in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02856-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional foods in Mediterranean diet: exploring the functional features of vegetable case-studies obtained also by biotechnological approaches","authors":"Anna Rita Bavaro,&nbsp;Annamaria Tarantini,&nbsp;Angelica Bruno,&nbsp;Antonio F. Logrieco,&nbsp;Antonia Gallo,&nbsp;Giovanni Mita,&nbsp;Francesca Valerio,&nbsp;Gianluca Bleve,&nbsp;Angela Cardinali","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a widely recognized dietary pattern, with its effects largely attributed to “functional foods” which are able to positively influence one or more target functions, improving health and maintaining a state of well-being.</p><p>In this review, three “case-study” typical of the MedDiet, such as artichokes, capers and table olives are considered as traditional functional vegetables rich in bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols. The review extensively discusses the antioxidant effects of these molecules, as well as their role in aging prevention and reduction, maintaining human health, and influencing the abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota. Additionally, this review focuses on the fate of the dietary polyphenols along the digestive tract.</p><p>Among biotechnological strategies, the review explores the role of fermentation process in modifying the biochemical profile, recovery, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of bioactive compounds present in some vegetable foods of MedDiet. Finally, the main challenges in the selection, addition, and maintenance of probiotic strains in traditional food products are also summarized, with a view to develop new probiotic carriers for “functional diets”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02860-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on outcomes and costs of dementia care: results from a retrospective real-world study","authors":"Yi-Xiang Weng,&nbsp;Chien-Chung Yang,&nbsp;Wen-Chuin Hsu,&nbsp;Raymond N. Kuo","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to assess the impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on dementia patients, utilizing real-world data. Specifically, it seeks to evaluate how TCM influences clinical outcomes by examining changes in the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, as well as its effect on medical expenses over a two-year period. Data from a multi-center research database spanning from 2004 to 2021 will be used to achieve these objectives, addressing the current gap in empirical data concerning intuitive outcomes and cognitive function assessments.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Propensity score matching was adopted to improve comparability among the intervention and control groups. Due to repeated dependent variable measurements, the generalized estimating equation was used to control for socio-demographic characteristics, regional characteristics, and Western medicine treatments for dementia.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After propensity score matching, a total of 441 research subjects were included: 90 in the TCM intervention group and 351 in the non-TCM intervention group. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that compared with the non-TCM intervention group, the MMSE scores in the TCM intervention group increased by 0.608 points each year. The annual change in CDR scores in the TCM intervention group was 0.702 times that of the non-TCM utilization group. After TCM intervention, annual outpatient expenses increased by US$492.2, hospitalization expenses increased by US$324.3, and total medical expenses increased by US$815.9, compared with the non-intervention group.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TCM interventions significantly decelerate cognitive decline in dementia patients, evidenced by slower reductions in MMSE scores and mitigated increases in CDR scores. However, these benefits are accompanied by increased medical expenses, particularly for outpatient care. Future healthcare strategies should balance the cognitive benefits of TCM with its economic impact, advocating for its inclusion in dementia care protocols.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02858-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of non-adherence to an early in-hospital rehabilitation program after surgery for hip fracture in a co-managed orthogeriatric unit","authors":"Roberto Presta,&nbsp;Enrico Brunetti,&nbsp;Valeria Quaranta,&nbsp;Silvio Raspo,&nbsp;Paola Cena,&nbsp;Giulia Carignano,&nbsp;Martina Bonetto,&nbsp;Chiara Busso,&nbsp;Gianluca Isaia,&nbsp;Marco Marabotto,&nbsp;Giuseppe Massazza,&nbsp;Mario Bo","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hip fracture is a common event in older adults, leading to an increased risk of mortality, disability, and higher healthcare costs. Early in-hospital rehabilitation after surgery within orthogeriatric units may improve outcomes with limited incident complications even in the oldest old. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of non-adherence to early rehabilitation in the orthogeriatric unit of an Italian tertiary hospital and its impact on outcomes and setting at discharge.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective observational single-centered cohort study. Patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to the orthogeriatric unit for hip fracture who underwent surgery between April 2019 and October 2020 were considered eligible if able to walk autonomously or with assistance and independent in at least 2 Basic Activities of Daily Living. Along with sociodemographic and geriatric variables, characteristics of surgery and rehabilitation, in-hospital complications and functional outcomes at discharge were collected. The primary outcome was non-adherence to the early in-hospital rehabilitation program.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 283 older patients (mean age 82.7 years, 28.6% male), non-compliance with physical therapy was assessed in 49 cases (17.3%), characterized by worse pre-fracture clinical, cognitive, and functional status and showing worse outcomes in terms of mobilization at discharge. After multivariable analysis, non-adherence was independently associated with the onset of delirium (OR 5.26, 95%CI 2.46–11.26; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) or infections after surgery (OR 3.26, 95%CI 1.54–6.89; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and a systolic blood pressure at admission &lt; 120 mmHg (OR 4.52, 95%CI 1.96–10.43, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Pre-fracture poor cognitive and functional status, along with lower systolic blood pressure, seem to make some patients more vulnerable to in-hospital complications (mainly delirium and infections) and negatively affect the adherence to physical therapy and, by consequence, clinical outcomes of rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02857-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between sarcopenia and 11 respiratory diseases: a comprehensive mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Yue Su,&nbsp;Youqian Zhang,&nbsp;Di Zhang,&nbsp;Jinfu Xu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia (SP) is an aging-related loss of muscle mass and function, affecting the respiratory system. However, the causality of the association between sarcopenia on lung diseases remains elusive.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The bidirectional univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR), multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis, and mediation MR were utilized to systematically investigate the genetic causal relationship of SP and 11 respiratory diseases. Independent genomic variants related to sarcopenia or respiratory diseases were identified as instrumental variables (IVs), and the summary level data of genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) were obtained from the UK biobank and FinnGen. MVMR analysis was conducted to explore the mediation effects of body mass index (BMI), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), smoking, education attainment (EA), physical activity, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Forward UVMR analysis based on the primary method revealed that pneumoconiosis was associated with a higher risk of appendicular lean mass (ALM) (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.03), and BMI (10.65%), smoking (10.65%), and physical activity (17.70%) had a mediating role in the effect of pneumoconiosis on ALM. In reverse MR analysis, we found that genetically predicted ALM was significantly associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) (OR = 1.24, <i>p</i> = 7.21E-05). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and sarcoidosis (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.004) were identified to increase the loss of left-hand grip strength (HGS). Conversely, the increase in left- HGS presented a protective effect on chronic bronchitis (CB) (OR = 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.03), (OR = 0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and asthma (OR = 0.78, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Similarly, the loss of the right-HGS elevated the risk of low respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (OR = 0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and bronchiectasis (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.03), which is also an independent protective factor for LRTI and asthma. In the aspects of low HGS, the risk of LRTI was increased after MVMR analysis, and the risk of sarcoidosis and pneumoconiosis was elevated in the reverse analysis. Lastly, asthma was found to be related to the loss of the usual walking pace, and the reverse MR analysis suggested a causal relationship between the usual walking pace and LRTI (OR = 0.32, <i>p</i> = 2.79 × 10−⁵), asthma (OR = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 2.09 × 10−⁶), COPD (OR = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 6.64 × 10−⁴), and PE(OR = 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This data-driven MR analysis revealed SP was bidirectional causally associated with lung diseases, providing genetic evidence for further mechanistic and clinical studies to understand the crosstalk between SP and lung diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02855-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the optimal wavelength of low-level light therapy (LLLT) in treating knee osteoarthritis symptoms","authors":"Tianxiang Fan,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Arnold Y. L. Wong,&nbsp;Xiao Liang,&nbsp;Yarou Yuan,&nbsp;Peng Xia,&nbsp;Zhi Yao,&nbsp;Deli Wang,&nbsp;Marco Y. C. Pang,&nbsp;Changhai Ding,&nbsp;Zhaohua Zhu,&nbsp;Ye Li,&nbsp;Siu Ngor Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02853-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02853-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To compare the efficacy of the various wavelengths of low-level light therapy (LLLT) in alleviating knee pain, dysfunction, and stiffness in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to compare the effectiveness of LLLT versus sham treatment in reducing knee pain, dysfunction, and stiffness.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 12 December 2023. Randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of different wavelengths of LLLT on alleviating pain of patients with KOA were included. A conventional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were preformed, and standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen studies involving 673 participants with KOA met inclusion criteria. Overall, LLLT was superior to sham LLLT for relieving pain (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI 0.31–1.61) but not for improving function (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI − 0.11 to 0.53) or stiffness (SMD = 0.07, 95% CI − 0.25 to 0.39). Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value ranking showed the most effective wavelength of LLLT in reducing KOA pain was 904–905 nm (SUCRA, 86.90%), followed by multi-wavelengths (MWL) (SUCRA, 56.43%) and 785–850 nm (SUCRA, 54.97%). Compared to sham LLLT, L2 (SMD = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.31–2.53) and L1 (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.11–1.50) showed a significant reduction in KOA pain. However, MWL (SMD = 0.83; 95% CI = − 0.06 to 1.72) showed similar KOA pain reduction compared to sham LLLT. The certainty of evidence showed that the quality of evidence regarding the effectiveness of overall LLLT versus sham, and 904–905 nm versus sham were low, while the quality of evidence for MWL versus sham, and 785–850 nm versus sham was very low.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While the 904–905 nm wavelength showed potential benefits in reducing KOA pain, the overall quality of the evidence was low. LLLT with 904–905 nm or 785–850 nm wavelengths yielded significantly better reduction in KOA pain compared to sham LLLT, but further high-quality research is warranted to validate these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}