Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Dynapenic obesity: an actionable geriatric phenotype awaiting clinical translation in older adults","authors":"Chang Lin, Zian Shou, Yisheng Liang, Xinyue Zhu, Yibo He","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03407-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03407-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of fall-related fracture among postmenopausal women: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021","authors":"Kaipeng Chen,&nbsp;Beibei Wang,&nbsp;Haipeng Xue,&nbsp;Lei Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li,&nbsp;Xingxing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03380-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03380-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Falls are a significant public health concern, especially among postmenopausal women. This study aims to evaluate the global, regional, and national burden of fall-related fractures among postmenopausal women using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study assess the prevalence and incidence of fall-related fractures among women aged 55 and older from 1990 to 2021. The burden was evaluated by examining cases and rates of prevalence and incidence at the global level, stratified by age, region, nation, and socio-demographic index (SDI) levels. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was utilized to assess temporal trends, while the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model was employed to forecast future trends. Additionally, the correlation between prevalence and incidence rates and SDI levels was analyzed across 21 GBD regions and 204 countries using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) regression.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In 2021, fall-related fractures among postmenopausal women had 25.42 million incident cases and 96.05 million prevalent cases, up 156.58% and 132.62% since 1990. The incidence rate rose from 2752.20 to 3231.91 per 100,000 populations and the prevalence rate from 11,471.72 to 12,213.33 per 100,000 populations, with EAPCs of 0.52 and 0.13. The incidence and prevalence rates increase with age and are highest in the 95 + age group. Between 1990 and 2021, among regions, the incidence rate of fall-related fractures among postmenopausal women rose most in North Africa, the Middle East, and Australasia, but fell most in Central Europe and Central Latin America. Meanwhile, the prevalence rate increased most in the Caribbean and High-income North America, while decreasing most in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Latin America. At the national level, the incidence and prevalence rates saw the most significant increases in Turkey and Bhutan. In contrast, United Arab Emirates and Czechia exhibited the lowest incidence rate, while Czechia and Latvia had the lowest prevalence rate. The correlation analysis showed that incidence and prevalence rates increased with SDI levels, reached an initial peak at approximately 0.38, subsequently declined to a nadir at approximately 0.62, then rose to their highest levels. Predictions indicate a substantial increase in both incident and prevalent cases, along with a modest rise in incidence and prevalence rates.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The burden of fall-related fractures among postmenopausal women is substantial and increasing globally. Public health policies and resource allocation need to address this critical issue to improve the well-being of postmenopausal women and reduce the economic burden on healthcare systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03380-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive role of feeling lonely in nursing home placement in older adults hospitalized in an emergency setting","authors":"Nadine Simo,&nbsp;Arwa Ben Salah,&nbsp;Denis Boucaud-Maitre,&nbsp;Lukshe Kanagaratnam,&nbsp;Laurys Letchimy,&nbsp;Maturin Tabue Teguo,&nbsp;Moustapha Dramé","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03409-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03409-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Feeling lonely defined as a subjective dissatisfaction with social relationships, is associated with an increased risk of functional and cognitive decline well-known factors for institutionalization. The objective was to evaluate the predictive role of feeling lonely on admission to nursing homes among elderly people hospitalized via emergency departments.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an observational, longitudinal, prospective, multicenter study. Participants were recruited over a period of ten months. Patients were eligible if they were aged 75 years or older and hospitalized in a medical ward of the same hospital as the emergency department (ED) where they were initially admitted. The assessment included the collection of sociodemographic data—age, sex, level of education, available support (particularly the presence of a primary caregiver), number of children, and living arrangements (home or institutional setting)—as well as clinical variables, including presence of dementia or delirium, mood disorders, comorbidities, nutritional status, dependence in activities of daily living (ADL), mobility, risk of falls, and risk of pressure ulcers. The assessment included the collection of sociodemographic (age, sex, level of education, available support (in particular the presence of a primary caregiver), number of children, living conditions (e.g., at home or in an institution) Loneliness was assessed using item 14 of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) scale. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox model that took death into account as a competing risk, using a Fine &amp; Gray model.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age was 84.4 ± 5.9 years, and 55% were women. In this population, 40% reported feeling lonely, 41% were at risk of depression, 78% had at least one child, 67% had at least one family caregiver, and 79% (<i>n</i> = 833) lived alone. Over the 36-month follow-up period, 31.46% of patients entered nursing homes. Independent risk factors for institutionalization included social determinants specifically <b>feeling lonely</b>, which was independently associated with an increased risk of placement at 12, 24, and 36 months. Individuals reporting loneliness showed an increased risk of functional and cognitive decline.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study regarding hospitalized elderly after admission to an Emergency Department shows that feeling lonely is not merely a marker of social vulnerability but is independently associated with of nursing home admission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03409-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sound of longevity: music and technology for healthy ageing","authors":"Fiona Ecarnot,&nbsp;Elvira Brattico,&nbsp;Antonio Camurri,&nbsp;Andrea Cera,&nbsp;Simone Dalla Bella,&nbsp;Massimo Grassi,&nbsp;Stefan Koelsch,&nbsp;Wanda Morganti,&nbsp;Alois Saller,&nbsp;Cornel Sieber,&nbsp;Fiorella Tonello,&nbsp;Peter Vuust,&nbsp;Stefania Maggi,&nbsp;Alberto Pilotto","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03410-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03410-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A growing body of research is focusing on how music, technology, and neuroscience can converge to promote healthy ageing and counteract pathological decline. In particular, music interventions for older adults have been garnering increasing attention, with numerous reports showing positive effects of music on various health outcomes, including psychological well-being, cognitive function, physiological responses, quality of life, and overall well-being. In this context, the European Interdisciplinary Council on Ageing (EICA) in collaboration with the “Age-It” project (Ageing well in an Ageing Society), specifically, the work package 1 of Spoke 8, run by the University of Bari, and the “RAISE” project (Robotic and Artificial Intelligence for Socio-economic Empowerment) run by the E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy, convened a 2-day meeting in June 2025 to review the state of the evidence on the relationship between music and health. Speakers were tasked with exploring how music, neuroscience, technology, and environmental design contribute to understanding ageing and to developing interventions that support healthy ageing. This report presents the Executive Summary of the proceedings of this meeting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03410-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional fitness tests and their association with upper-limb isokinetic strength in older adults","authors":"Carlos Babiloni-Lopez,&nbsp;Javier Gene-Morales,&nbsp;Alvaro Juesas,&nbsp;Pablo Jiménez-Martínez,&nbsp;Pedro Gargallo-Bayo,&nbsp;Agustín Jerez-Martínez,&nbsp;Juan C. Colado","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03406-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03406-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study investigated the association between commonly used functional fitness tests (i.e., Up-and-Go Test [UGT], 30-Second Chair Stand Test [30CS], 30-Second Arm Curl Test [30AC], and 6-Minute Walk Test [6MWT]) and upper-limb isokinetc strength (elbow and shoulder flexion-extension isokinetic absolute and relative strength at 60º/s and 180º/s) in older adults. It was hypothesized that upper-limb-specific tests would show stronger associations, that elbow strength would be better explained than shoulder strength, and that higher angular velocities would demonstrate stronger associations.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Three hundred and twenty-seven apparently healthy older adults (247 women and 80 men; age: 69.27 ± 5.62) enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Isokinetic concentric strength was assessed before functional fitness tests.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Small to moderate correlations were observed between functional fitness tests and shoulder and elbow isokinetic strength. Better performance in the UGT, 30AC, and 6MWT was associated with greater strength (<i>r</i> = 0.11–0.46); whereas the 30CS showed inconsistent correlations (<i>r</i> = -0.13–0.30). Regression models including functional fitness tests, age, and sex explained a substantial proportion of the variance, with higher values for elbow (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.34–0.55) than shoulder strength (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.12–0.42). No consistent pattern of stronger associations at higher angular velocities was identified.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Upper-limb isokinetic strength is associated with functional fitness in older adults, although associations were generally small to moderate. Functional fitness, together with age and sex, explained up to 55% of the variance. These findings suggest that functional fitness tests may provide indirect and complementary information related to upper-limb strength in settings where isokinetic dynamometry is not available, but they should not be considered surrogate measures of muscle strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03406-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairment in heart transplantation: prevalence, trajectories, and prognostic impact - a systematic review","authors":"I. Parrotta,&nbsp;M. Valente,&nbsp;Elena Piazzalunga,&nbsp;E. Scarpa,&nbsp;D. Mantini,&nbsp;L. Danesin,&nbsp;C. Rossi,&nbsp;L. Borgese,&nbsp;L. Golfieri,&nbsp;F. Burgio,&nbsp;L. Potena","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03356-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03356-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aim</h3><p>Heart transplantation (HTx) represents the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). Neurological complications, particularly cognitive impairment (CI), may influence prognosis, thereby affecting the overall benefits of HTx. CI in HF is associated with disease severity, extracardiac dysfunction, and peri- or intra-operative factors such as prolonged ventilation, cerebral hypoperfusion, and systemic inflammation. However, existing studies on CI in HTx candidates are highly heterogeneous, limiting comparability and highlighting the need for a clearer understanding of its impact in both candidates and recipients.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024549051) and conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for studies published between 2013 and June 2025. Eligible studies assessed cognitive function in adult HF patients undergoing HTx.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 1188 records screened, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most cognitive studies employed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while two used comprehensive neuropsychological batteries. Evidence confirmed that CI is common among HF and HTx populations. Incorporating cognitive status into frailty assessments enhanced prediction of adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization and reduced survival. Cognitive decline was frequently observed in the immediate post-transplant period, often linked to high-dose immunosuppressive therapy and anemia, while long-term improvements were reported in attention, memory, and executive function.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cognitive assessment is essential in HTx candidates, as CI has a major impact on survival. Further studies are needed to clarify long-term cognitive trajectories and the role of immunosuppressive therapy in shaping outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03356-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory dysfunction as a marker of neurodegenerative disease in older adults","authors":"Kateřina Klíčová,&nbsp;Kateřina Menšíková,&nbsp;Dorota Šebelová,&nbsp;Petra Polčáková,&nbsp;Michal Kaleta,&nbsp;Sarah Elizabeth Victoria Cook,&nbsp;Zuzana Ildžová,&nbsp;Lenka Satke,&nbsp;Dalibor Zimek,&nbsp;Petr Kaňovský","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03404-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03404-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Early identification of neurodegenerative disorders in older adults remains a major challenge in geriatric clinical practice. Olfactory dysfunction is a common feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, particularly synucleinopathies, where it often precedes motor and cognitive symptoms, whereas in primary tauopathies olfactory function is usually preserved or only mildly impaired.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the 12-item Sniffin’ Sticks Test (SST-12) for identifying neurodegenerative disease in older adults.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 120 individuals were included: 72 with synucleinopathies, 23 with tauopathies, and 25 healthy controls. Olfactory function was assessed using the SST-12. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA, Fisher’s exact test, and post hoc procedures. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by ROC analysis.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Anosmia occurred in 58.3% of synucleinopathy patients and 65.2% of tauopathy patients but was absent in controls (<i>p &lt; 0.0001</i>). Women performed better on several items, while an age effect was observed only for odor T5 (banana) (<i>p = 0.011</i>). Subjective olfactory complaints had limited diagnostic value. The full SST-12 showed good accuracy in distinguishing patients from controls (AUC = 0.818; 95% CI 0.744–0.891). A shortened nine-odor version achieved slightly higher accuracy (AUC = 0.844; 95% CI 0.777–0.912). No significant difference was observed between synucleinopathies and tauopathies, including after adjustment for age and sex.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>These findings support the clinical usefulness of brief olfactory testing in older adults and highlight the potential of selected odor subsets to improve screening efficiency.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The SST-12 is a sensitive and practical tool for detecting olfactory dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. Brief olfactory screening may represent a useful addition to routine geriatric assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03404-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gut microbiota and sarcopenia in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis from the second wave of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)","authors":"Fatemeh Ramezani Kashal,&nbsp;Farshad Sharifi,&nbsp;Sadaf Najafi,&nbsp;Fateme Ettehad Marvasti,&nbsp;Mitra Moodi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Shafaei,&nbsp;MinaSadat Taghavi,&nbsp;Fatemeh-Sadat Hosseini,&nbsp;Masoumeh Khorashadizadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Namaei,&nbsp;Ramin Heshmat,&nbsp;Gita Shafiee,&nbsp;Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03403-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03403-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Investigating gut microbiota has emerged as a novel approach to exploring the gut-muscle axis and its link to age-related conditions like sarcopenia. While studies suggest gut dysbiosis may promote inflammation and muscle loss, findings vary by region and ethnicity. This study examined the association between gut microbiota and primary sarcopenia in an older adult population in Iran.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study analyzed 293 community-dwelling participants (aged ≥ 60 years) from the second wave of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study in Iran. Fecal samples were collected, and gut microbiota composition was assessed for 12 bacterial genera using quantitative Real-time PCR with genus-specific primers. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria, based on anthropometric measurements, body composition (via bioelectric impedance analysis), handgrip strength, and walking speed. Associations between the abundance of each bacterial genus and sarcopenia, as well as its individual components, were assessed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 293 participants, 38.2% (<i>n</i> = 112) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Participants with sarcopenia were older than those without sarcopenia (mean age 72.99 ± 6.13 vs. 70.20 ± 5.24 years) and had a different sex distribution (55.4% vs. 60.2% women in the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups, respectively). Higher <i>Akkermansia</i> abundance was associated with greater odds of sarcopenia and was negatively correlated with handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index (SMI), and gait speed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Akkermansia</i> was also associated with low SMI, and low gait speed; each unit increase in <i>Akkermansia</i> was associated with 9% higher odds of low SMI and 8% higher odds of low gait speed. Both <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> increased the odds of sarcopenia by 7% and 8%, respectively, whereas <i>Roseburia</i> showed an inverse association with sarcopenia and each unit increase in <i>Roseburia</i> decreased the odds of sarcopenia by 11.5%. <i>Roseburia</i> was also positively correlated with gait speed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that specific gut microbial profiles are significantly associated with sarcopenia. <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> were associated with sarcopenia, although greater <i>Roseburia</i> levels were beneficial. These microbial signatures are associated with sarcopenia and warrant further longitudinal investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03403-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty and geriatric complications in older patients with IBD: a nationwide hospital claims database study across Japan","authors":"Akio Shimizu,&nbsp;Akira Horiuchi,&nbsp;Yasutake Tomata,&nbsp;Shintaro Togashi,&nbsp;Ichitaro Horiuchi,&nbsp;Naoharu Mori,&nbsp;Ryo Momosaki","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03390-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03390-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Older patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often have multimorbidity and functional vulnerability, which increases the risk of in-hospital complications. This study examined whether frailty at admission is associated with hospital-associated geriatric complications in this population.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a nationwide hospital-based claims database in Japan. Patients aged ≥ 60 years hospitalized with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease between February 2014 and September 2025 were identified. Frailty was assessed using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS ≥ 5). The primary outcome was hospital-associated complications in older people (HAC-OP), which is a composite of functional decline, incontinence, delirium, pressure injury, and falls/fractures. The risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using modified Poisson regression.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 3,905 hospitalizations, 1,220 (31.2%) patients were classified as frail. Overall, 6.7% of hospitalizations were complicated by at least one HAC-OP, with a higher incidence in patients with frailty than in non-frail patients (10.7% vs. 4.8%). Frailty was associated with HAC-OP (adjusted RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36–2.21), functional decline (adjusted RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.12–2.11), and delirium (adjusted RR 2.50, 95% CI 1.66–3.76). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation, additional adjustment for length of stay.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In hospitalized older patients with IBD, frailty at admission was associated with hospital-associated geriatric complications, particularly delirium and functional decline. The HFRS may be a useful tool for identifying patients at higher risk, and future studies should evaluate whether frailty-targeted interventions can reduce these complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03390-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated Italian norms for the Paired-Associate Learning Test (PALT)","authors":"Stefano Zago,&nbsp;Thomas Rasi,&nbsp;Edoardo Nicolò Aiello,&nbsp;Francesca Frisco,&nbsp;Giulia De Luca,&nbsp;Beatrice Curti,&nbsp;Arianna Moreschi,&nbsp;Aurora Corso,&nbsp;Teresa Difonzo,&nbsp;Lorenzo Lorusso,&nbsp;Anna Formenti,&nbsp;Antonio Tetto,&nbsp;Elisa Di Rosa,&nbsp;Barbara Poletti,&nbsp;Nadia Bolognini,&nbsp;Paolo Caffarra","doi":"10.1007/s40520-026-03388-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-026-03388-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Verbal associative learning is a key component of episodic memory and is frequently impaired in the early phases of neurodegenerative brain disorders. The Paired-Associate Learning Test (PALT) test directly probes this function, and its clinical usefulness critically depends on the availability of contemporary, population-specific normative data.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To provide updated, regression-based normative data for the Italian PALT.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants (<i>N </i>= 317) were administered the PALT, consisting of eight semantically related and unrelated word pairs presented over three learning trials. Regression-based norms were derived in accordance with the Equivalent Score (ES) method.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Age and education significantly predicted PALT scores. Up-to-date demographic adjustments, tolerance limits, and ES threshold were provided.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This work delivers updated, regression-based Italian norms for the PALT to be employed for the assessment of episodic memory in patients with neurodegenerative brain disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-026-03388-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}