World journal of clinical pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Psycho-gastroenterological profile of an Italian population of children with disorders of gut-brain interaction: A case-control study.","authors":"Valentina Giorgio, Ilaria Venezia, Licia Pensabene, Elisa Blasi, Donato Rigante, Paolo Mariotti, Giuseppe Stella, Gaia Margiotta, Giovanna Quatrale, Giuseppe Marano, Marianna Mazza, Antonio Gasbarrini, Eleonora Gaetani","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.97543","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.97543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are common, but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor, nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire (PGQ) to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and nineteen Italian children (age 11-18) were included: 28 outpatient patients with DGBI (Rome IV criteria) and 91 healthy controls. They filled the PGQ, faces pain scale revised (FPS-R), Bristol stool chart, gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale, state-trait anxiety inventory, Toronto alexithymia scale 20, perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions (APEN-G, APEP-G), irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire, school performances, tobacco use, early life events, degree of digitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to controls, patients had more medical examinations (35% of them went to the doctor more than five times), a higher school performance (23% <i>vs</i> 13%, <i>P</i> < 0.05), didn't use tobacco (never <i>vs</i> 16%, <i>P</i> < 0.05), had early life events (28% <i>vs</i> 1% <i>P</i> < 0.05) and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination (14% <i>vs</i> 7%, <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events, a lower quality of life, more medical examinations rising health care costs, lower anxiety levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"97543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of photon-counting computed tomography in pediatric cardiovascular imaging.","authors":"Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige, Yash Verma","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99288","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular imaging. Traditional CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible light, whereas PCCT utilizes photon-counting detectors that directly transform X-ray photons into electric signals. This direct conversion allows photon-counting detectors to sort photons into discrete energy levels, thereby enhancing image quality through superior noise reduction, improved spatial and contrast resolution, and reduced artifacts. In pediatric applications, PCCT offers substantial benefits, including lower radiation doses, which may help reduce the risk of malignancy in pediatric patients, with perhaps greater potential to benefit those with repeated exposure from a young age. Enhanced spatial resolution facilitates better visualization of small structures, vital for diagnosing congenital heart defects. Additionally, PCCT's spectral capabilities improve tissue characterization and enable the creation of virtual monoenergetic images, which enhance soft-tissue contrast and potentially reduce contrast media doses. Initial clinical results indicate that PCCT provides superior image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional CT, particularly in challenging pediatric cardiovascular cases. As PCCT technology matures, further research and standardized protocols will be essential to fully integrate it into pediatric imaging practices, ensuring optimized diagnostic outcomes and patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"99288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal glucosuria in children.","authors":"Meral Torun Bayram, Salih Kavukcu","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.91622","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.91622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The kidneys play a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Under normal renal tubular function, most of the glucose filtered from the glomeruli is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules, leaving only trace amounts in the urine. Glycosuria can occur as a symptom of generalized proximal tubular dysfunction or when the reabsorption threshold is exceeded or the glucose threshold is reduced, as seen in familial renal glycosuria (FRG). FRG is characterized by persistent glycosuria despite normal blood glucose levels and tubular function and is primarily associated with mutations in the <i>sodium/glucose cotransporter 5A2</i> gene, which encodes the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2. Inhibiting SGLTs has been proposed as a novel treatment strategy for diabetes, and since FRG is often considered an asymptomatic and benign condition, it has inspired preclinical and clinical studies using SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. However, patients with FRG may exhibit clinical features such as lower body weight or height, altered systemic blood pressure, diaper dermatitis, aminoaciduria, decreased serum uric acid levels, and hypercalciuria. Further research is needed to fully understand the pathophysiology, molecular genetics, and clinical manifestations of renal glucosuria.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"91622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenoprotein P1 as a biomarker of insulin resistance in pediatric obesity: Insights and implications.","authors":"Chun-Han Cheng, Wen-Rui Hao, Tzu-Hurng Cheng","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99652","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky <i>et al</i> on the role of selenoprotein P1 (SEPP1) in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance. Their study uncovered significantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obese compared with healthy peers, demonstrating a negative correlation between SEPP1 levels and measures of adiposity and insulin resistance. These findings suggest that SEPP1 is a biomarker useful in the early identification of insulin resistance in pediatric populations. This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications of the study and calls for further research to validate and explore the role of SEPP1 in metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"99652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital anomalies of coronary artery misdiagnosed as coronary dilatations in Kawasaki disease: A clinical predicament.","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Pilania, Pallavi L Nadig, Suprit Basu, Reva Tyagi, Abarna Thangaraj, Ridhima Aggarwal, Munish Arora, Arun Sharma, Surjit Singh, Manphool Singhal","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99177","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.99177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>2D-echocardiography (2DE) has been the primary imaging modality in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) to assess coronary arteries.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To report the presence and implications of incidental congenital coronary artery anomalies that had been misinterpreted as coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) on 2DE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Records of children diagnosed with KD, who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) at our center between 2013-2023 were reviewed. We identified 3 children with congenital coronary artery anomalies in this cohort on CTCA. Findings of CTCA and 2DE were compared in these 3 children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 241 patients with KD who underwent CTCA, 3 (1.24%) had congenital coronary artery anomalies on CTCA detected incidentally. In all 3 patients, baseline 2DE had identified CAAs. CTCA was then performed for detailed evaluation as per our unit protocol. One (11-year-boy) amongst the 3 patients had complete KD, while the other two (3.3-year-boy; 4-month-girl) had incomplete KD. CTCA revealed separate origins of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex from left sinus [misinterpreted as dilated left main coronary artery (LCA) on 2DE], single coronary artery (interpreted as dilated LCA on 2DE) and dilated right coronary artery on 2DE in case of anomalous origin of LCA from the main pulmonary artery. The latter one was subsequently operated upon.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CTCA is essential for detailed assessment of coronary arteries in children with KD especially in cases where there is suspicion of congenital coronary artery anomalies. Relying solely on 2DE may not be sufficient in such cases, and findings from CTCA can significantly impact therapeutic decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"99177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet fortification for mild and moderate picky eating in typically developed children: Opinion review of Middle East consensus.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Beltagi, Elie Choueiry, Najat Alahmadi, Zeinab Demerdash, Wafaa Helmi Ayesh, Khoula Al-Said, Fatima Al-Haddad, Sanaa Y Shaaban, Eslam Tawfik","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.101769","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.101769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally, negatively impacting their physical and mental growth. Although common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters, including food selectivity, food neophobia, and food avoidance, there is no clear definition to assess this behavior. Due to the unavailability of data regarding picky eating, it wasn't easy to estimate its prevalence.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a regional protocol to help healthcare professionals identify and manage mild and moderate picky eating cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A virtual roundtable discussion was held in April 2021 to gather the opinions of seven pediatricians and two pediatric dietitians from eight Middle Eastern countries who had great experience in the management of picky eating. The discussion covered different topics, including clearly defining mild and moderate picky eating, identifying the role of diet fortification in these cases, and the possibility of developing a systematic approach to diet fortification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The panel identified picky eating as consuming an inadequate amount and variety of foods by rejecting familiar and unfamiliar food. Most of the time, moderate picky eating cases had micronutrient deficiencies with over- or undernutrition; the mild cases only showed inadequate food consumption and/or poor diet quality. Paying attention to the organic red flags like growth faltering and development delay and behavioral red flags, including food fixation and anticipatory gagging, will help healthcare professionals evaluate the picky eaters and the caregivers to care for their children. Although dietary supplementation and commercial food fortification play an important role in picky eating, they were no benefit in the Middle East.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The panel agreed that food fortification through a food-first approach and oral nutritional supplements would be the best for Middle Eastern children. These recommendations would facilitate identifying and managing picky-eating children in the Middle East.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"101769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of neonatal screening: A case study of sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis coexistence.","authors":"Nathalia Noyma Sampaio Magalhães, Lucas Barra Mathiasi, Daniela de Oliveira Werneck Rodrigues","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.97537","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.97537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal screening (NS) is a public health policy to identify genetic pathologies such as cystic fibrosis (CF), sickle cell disease, and other diseases. Sickle cell disease is the comprehensive term for a group of hemoglobinopathies characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S. CF is an autosomal recessive multisystemic disease with pathophysiology involving deleterious mutations in the transmembrane regulatory gene that encodes a protein that regulates the activity of chloride and sodium channels in the cell surface epithelium. NS is crucial for early diagnosis and management, which ensures a better quality of life.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To report a case of the coexistence of sickle cell anemia (SCA) and CF and perform an integrative literature review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational study and a review of the literature focusing on two rare genetic pathologies identified simultaneously in NS from the perspective of a clinical case. The authors identified only 5 cases of SCA associated with CF. No clinical trials or review articles were identified considering the rarity of the coexistence of these two pathologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Herein, the authors reported the case of a girl who after undergoing NS on day 8 of life was diagnosed with SCA with an alteration in the dosage of immunoreactive trypsin. The diagnosis of CF was confirmed by the Coulometry Sweat Test. The rarity of the co-occurrence of these two severe genetic pathologies (CF and SCA) is a challenge for medical science.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study adds to the few case reports present in the literature that highlight the identification of two severe diseases <i>via</i> NS.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"97537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous cord blood <i>vs</i> individualized supplements in autistic spectrum disorder: CORDUS study results.","authors":"Felician A Stancioiu, Raluca Bogdan, Bogdan Ivanescu, Radu Dumitrescu","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.96643","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.96643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cellular therapies have started an important new therapeutic direction in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and the ample diversity of ASD pathophysiology and the different types of cell therapies prompt an equally ample effort to employ clinical studies for studying the ASD causes and cell therapies. Stem cells have yielded so far mixed results in clinical trials, and at patient level the results varied from impressive to no improvement. In this context we have administered autologous cord blood (ACB) and a non-placebo, material intervention represented by an individualized combination of supplements (ICS) to ASD children.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the efficacy of ACB <i>vs</i> ICS and find markers correlated with the child's progress in order to better predict ACB efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CORDUS clinical study is a crossover study in which both oral ICS and intravenous ACB were sequentially administered to 56 children; ACB was infused as an inpatient procedure. Treatment efficacy was evaluated pre-treatment and post-treatment at 6 months by an independent psychotherapist with Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and a 16-item comparative table score, after interviewing the children's parents and therapists. Before and after each intervention participants had a set of blood tests including inflammatory, metabolic and oxidative markers, and the neuronal specific enolase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No serious adverse reactions were noted during and after cord blood or supplement administration. ACB improved evaluation scores in 78% of children with age 3-7-years (<i>n</i> = 28), but was much less effective in kids older than 8 years or with body weight of more than 35 kg (<i>n</i> = 28; only 11% of children improved scores). ICS yielded better results than ACB in 5 cases out of 28, while in 23 kids ACB brought more improvement than ICS (<i>P</i> < 0.05); high initial levels of inflammation and ferritin were associated with no improvement. Ample individual differences were noted in children's progress, and statistically significant improvements were seen after ACB on areas such as verbalization and social interaction, but not on irritability or aggressive behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACB has superior efficacy to ICS in ASD; high inflammation, ferritin, age and body weight predict less improvement; more clinical studies are needed for studying ACB efficacy in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"96643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic comparison of Kawasaki disease Z-score formulas: Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability across populations.","authors":"Yan Pan, Fu-Yong Jiao","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.102254","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.102254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the performance of six distinct Z-score formulas in diagnosing coronary artery dilation in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients, with a focus on their clinical applicability across diverse populations. A retrospective analysis was conducted using comparative statistical methods to assess the sensitivity and specificity of each formula. The Kobayashi and Dallaire formulas demonstrated the highest sensitivity in China, particularly in younger patients with prolonged fever duration. Our findings provide evidence-based recommendations for selecting Z-score formulas to optimize diagnostic precision in KD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"102254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of social media on maternal decision-making and breastfeeding practices.","authors":"Gowda Parameshwara Prashanth","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i4.94755","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i4.94755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breastfeeding practices are influenced by multifactorial determinants including individual characteristics, external support systems, and media influences. This commentary emphasizes such complex factors influencing breastfeeding practices. Potential methodological limitations and the need for diverse sampling in studying breastfeeding practices are highlighted. Further research must explore the interplay between social influences, cultural norms, government policies, and individual factors in shaping maternal breastfeeding decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"13 4","pages":"94755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}