World journal of clinical pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body aspiration in children: A single-centre experience","authors":"A. Sautin, Kirjl Marakhouski, Aleh Pataleta, Kirill Sanfirau","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91275","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 The technological evolution of bronchoscopy has led to the widespread adoption of flexible techniques and their use for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Currently, there is an active debate regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of rigid vs flexible bronchoscopy in the treatment of foreign body aspiration.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To evaluate our experience with tracheobronchial foreign body extraction using flexible bronchoscopy and provide a literature overview.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 This was a single-centre retrospective study. Twenty-four patients were enrolled between January 2017 and January 2023. Medical records of patients aged below 18 years who were admitted to authors’ affiliated institution with a suspected diagnosis of foreign body aspiration were collected from hospital’s database to Microsoft Excel 2019. Data were analysed using MedCalc Statistical Software.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Patient ages varied from 9 months to 11 years. The median age was 23.5 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 19.49-44.77. We observed age clustering in children with foreign body aspiration at our institution with three age subgroups: (1) 0-25 months; (2) 40-60 months; and (3) 120-140 months. We expectancy of an organic tracheobronchial foreign body was significantly higher in 0-25 months subgroup than that in older ones when subgroups 40-60 and 120-140 months were combined together (odds ratio = 10.0, 95%CI: 1.44-29.26, P = 0.0197). Successful foreign body extraction was performed in all cases. Conversion to a rigid bronchoscope was not required in any of the cases. No major complications (massive bleeding, tracheobronchial tree perforation, or asphyxia) were observed.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Flexible bronchoscopy is an effective and safe method for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction in children.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential applications of 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in paediatric neuroimaging: Feasibility and challenges","authors":"A. S. Perera Molligoda Arachchige, L. Politi","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.90641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.90641","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (7 T MRI) in adult patients has marked a revolutionary stride in radiology. In this article we explore the feasibility of 7 T MRI in paediatric practice, emphasizing its feasibility, applications, challenges, and safety considerations. The heightened resolution and tissue contrast of 7 T MRI offer unprecedented diagnostic accuracy, particularly in neuroimaging. Applications range from neuro-oncology to neonatal brain imaging, showcasing its efficacy in detecting subtle structural abnormalities and providing enhanced insights into neurological conditions. Despite the promise, challenges such as high cost, discomfort, and safety concerns necessitate careful consideration. Research suggests that, with precautions, 7 T MRI is feasible in paediatrics, yet ongoing studies and safety assessments are imperative.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of concurrent high-fructose and high-saturated fat diets on pediatric metabolic syndrome: A review","authors":"M. A. Vargas-Vargas, Marcela González-Montoya, Olin Torres‐Isidro, C. I. García-Berumen, Omar Ortiz‐Avila, E. Calderón‐Cortés, Christian Cortés-Rojo","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91478","url":null,"abstract":"High-saturated fat (HF) or high-fructose (HFr) consumption in children predispose them to metabolic syndrome (MetS). In rodent models of MetS, diets containing individually HF or HFr lead to a variable degree of MetS. Nevertheless, simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr have synergistic effects, worsening MetS outcomes. In children, the effects of HF or HFr intake usually have been addressed individually. Therefore, we have reviewed the outcomes of HF or HFr diets in children, and we compare them with the effects reported in rodents. In humans, HFr intake causes increased lipogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity and insulin resistance. On the other hand, HF diets promote low grade-inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance. Despite the deleterious effects of simultaneous HF plus HFr intake on MetS development in rodents, there is little information about the combined effects of HF plus HFr intake in children. The aim of this review is to warn about this issue, as individually addressing the effects produced by HF or HFr may underestimate the severity of the outcomes of Western diet intake in the pediatric population. We consider that this is an alarming issue that needs to be assessed, as the simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr is common on fast food menus.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of the biliary tract malformation","authors":"Krishna Kumar Govindarajan","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91268","url":null,"abstract":"The choledochal cyst (CC) can be better termed as biliary tract malformation because of the close association of embryology and etiology in the causation of CC. Contrary to Babbitt's postulation of reflux, damage and dilatation, reflux was not demonstrable as the causative factor in all varieties of CC. High pressure in the biliary system, otherwise termed ductal hypertension, is put forth as an alternative to explain the evolution of CC. The forme fruste type, which does not find a place in the standard classification, typifies the ductal hypertension hypothesis. Hence a closer, in-depth review would be able to highlight this apt terminology of biliary tract malformation.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial.","authors":"Aditya Agrawal, Vivek Agarwal, Sujita Kumar Kar, Amit Arya","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.93138","DOIUrl":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.93138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and adolescents. It is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in adults.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCS as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD, using a Children's Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (CY-BOCS) scale to assess their condition. Both active and sham groups were given fluoxetine, and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 sessions. Reassessment occurred at 2, 6, and 12 wk using CY-BOCS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen adolescents completed the study (10-active, 8-sham group). CY-BOCS scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group only. The mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group (11.8 ± 7.77 <i>vs</i> 5.25 ± 2.22, <i>P</i> = 0.056). Adverse effects between the groups were comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>tDCS is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in adolescents. However, there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCS as early augmentation in OCD in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":"13 2","pages":"93138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique presentation of neonatal liver failure: A case report","authors":"Eman Al Atrash, Amer Azaz, Samar Said, Mohammad Miqdady","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.92263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.92263","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Acute fulminant liver failure rarely occurs in the neonatal period. The etiologies include viral infection (15%), metabolic/genetic disease (10%), hematologic disorders (15%), and ischemic injury (5%). Gestational alloimmune liver disease usually manifests as severe neonatal liver failure, with extensive hepatic and extrahepatic iron overload, sparing the reticuloendothelial system. Empty liver failure is a rare cause of liver failure where a patient presents with liver failure in the neonatal period with no hepatocytes in liver biopsy.\u0000 CASE SUMMARY\u0000 A 5-week-old male presented with jaundice. Physical examination revealed an alert but deeply icteric infant. Laboratory data demonstrated direct hyperbilirubinemia, a severely deranged coagulation profile, normal transaminase, and normal ammonia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen was suggestive of perinatal hemochromatosis. Liver biopsy showed histiocytic infiltration with an absence of hepatocytes. No hemosiderin deposition was identified in a buccal mucosa biopsy.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Neonatal liver failure in the absence of hepatocellular regeneration potentially reflects an acquired or inborn defect in the regulation of hepatic regeneration.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding","authors":"S. Sánchez-González, Bárbara Gabriela Cárdenas-del-Castillo, Elvira Garza-González, Gerardo R Padilla-Rivas, Isaías Rodríguez-Balderrama, C. Treviño‐Garza, F. Montes-Tapia, Gerardo C Palacios-Saucedo, Anthony Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, M. de-la-O-Cavazos","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.90499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.90499","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns, with very-low-birth-weight infants usually experiencing several complications. Breast milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition, especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization, because it contains beneficial microorganisms, such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria .\u0000 AIM\u0000 To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or less.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 An observational study was performed on preterm infants with up to 36.6 wk of gestation and a birth weight of 1500 g or less, born at the University Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González at Monterrey, Mexico. A total of 40 preterm neonates were classified into breast milk feeding (BM) and mixed feeding (MF) groups (21 in the BM group and 19 in the MF group), from October 2017 to June 2019. Fecal samples were collected before they were introduced to any feeding type. After full enteral feeding was achieved, the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Numerical variables were compared using Student’s t -test or using the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric variables. Dominance, evenness, equitability, Margalef’s index, Fisher’s alpha, Chao-1 index, and Shannon’s diversity index were also calculated.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 No significant differences were observed at the genus level between the groups. Class comparison indicated higher counts of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the initial compared to the final sample of the BM group (P < 0.011). In addition, higher counts of Gammaproteobacteria were detected in the final than in the initial sample (P = 0.040). According to the Margalef index, Fisher’s alpha, and Chao-1 index, a decrease in species richness from the initial to the final sample, regardless of the feeding type, was observed (P < 0.050). The four predominant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes , and Proteobacteria, with Proteobacteria being the most abundant. However, no significant differences were observed between the initial and final samples at the phylum level.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Breastfeeding is associated with a decrease in Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria and an increase of Gammaproteobacteria , contributing to the literature of the gut microbiota structure of very low-birth-weight, preterm.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management","authors":"Subhodip Pramanik, Sunetra Mondal, Rajan Palui, Sayantan Ray","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91587","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 20 years, the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents have increased, particularly in racial and ethnic minorities. Despite the rise in T2DM in children and adolescents, the pathophysiology and progression of disease in this population are not clearly understood. Youth-onset T2DM has a more adverse clinical course than is seen in those who develop T2DM in adulthood or those with T1DM. Furthermore, the available therapeutic options are more limited for children and adolescents with T2DM compared to adult patients, mostly due to the challenges of implementing clinical studies. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the de-velopment and aggressive disease phenotype of T2DM in youth is important to finding effective prevention and management strategies. This review highlights the key evidence about T2DM in children and adolescents and its current burden and challenges both in clinical care and research activities.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic changes in children with autism","authors":"Mohammed Al-Beltagi, N. Saeed, A. Bediwy, Reem Elbeltagi","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.92737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.92737","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Metabolomic profiling has emerged as a valuable tool for understanding the underlying metabolic dysregulations associated with ASD.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To comprehensively explore metabolomic changes in children with ASD, integrating findings from various research articles, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, editorials, and a book chapter.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, LISA, and NLM catalog up until January 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed research articles (83), review articles (145), meta-analyses (6), systematic reviews (6), case reports (2), editorials (2), and a book chapter (1) related to metabolomic changes in children with ASD. Exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance and quality of included studies.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 The systematic review identified specific metabolites and metabolic pathways showing consistent differences in children with ASD compared to typically developing individuals. These metabolic biomarkers may serve as objective measures to support clinical assessments, improve diagnostic accuracy, and inform personalized treatment approaches. Metabolomic profiling also offers insights into the metabolic alterations associated with comorbid conditions commonly observed in individuals with ASD.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Integration of metabolomic changes in children with ASD holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, guiding personalized treatment approaches, monitoring treatment response, and improving outcomes. Further research is needed to validate findings, establish standardized protocols, and overcome technical challenges in metabolomic analysis. By advancing our understanding of metabolic dysregulations in ASD, clinicians can improve the lives of affected individuals and their families.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Moroccan physician knowledge and practices regarding maternal obesity's impact on childhood obesity: Implications for prevention and intervention","authors":"Imane Douiyeh, Jihane Khamlich, Naima Nabih, A. Saih, Ilham Boumendil, Anas Regragui, A. Kettani, Amal Safi","doi":"10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91255","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Childhood obesity is a growing global concern with far-reaching health implications. This study focuses on evaluating the knowledge and practices of physicians in Morocco regarding the link between maternal obesity and childhood obesity. Despite the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide, this issue remains inadequately addressed in the Moroccan context.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To assess the awareness and practices of physicians in Morocco concerning the connection between maternal obesity and childhood obesity.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 The research encompasses a comprehensive survey of practicing physicians, revealing significant gaps in awareness and practices related to maternal obesity.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Notably, a significant portion of doctors do not provide adequate guidance to overweight pregnant women, highlighting the urgency for targeted educational programs.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 In conclusion, this research illuminates critical areas for improvement in tackling childhood obesity in Morocco. By addressing these gaps, fostering awareness, and enhancing medical practices, the healthcare system can contribute significantly to preventing childhood obesity and improving the overall health of future generations.","PeriodicalId":75338,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical pediatrics","volume":" 80","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}