典型发育儿童轻度和中度挑食的饮食强化:中东共识的意见综述。

Mohammed Al-Beltagi, Elie Choueiry, Najat Alahmadi, Zeinab Demerdash, Wafaa Helmi Ayesh, Khoula Al-Said, Fatima Al-Haddad, Sanaa Y Shaaban, Eslam Tawfik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:挑食是全球儿童中常见的行为,对他们的身心发育产生负面影响。虽然有一些共同的特征可以区分“尖峰食客”,包括食物选择性、新食物恐惧症和食物回避,但目前还没有明确的定义来评估这种行为。由于缺乏有关挑食的数据,很难估计其普遍性。目的:制定一个区域协议,以帮助卫生保健专业人员识别和管理轻度和中度挑食病例。方法:于2021年4月举行虚拟圆桌讨论,收集来自中东8个国家的7名儿科医生和2名儿科营养师的意见,他们在挑食管理方面有丰富的经验。讨论涵盖了不同的主题,包括明确定义轻度和中度挑食,确定饮食强化在这些情况下的作用,以及开发一种系统的饮食强化方法的可能性。结果:该小组将挑食定义为通过拒绝熟悉和不熟悉的食物来摄入数量和种类不足的食物。大多数情况下,中度挑食的病例有微量营养素缺乏,营养过剩或营养不足;轻度病例仅表现为食物摄入不足和/或饮食质量差。关注有机信号,如生长迟缓和发育迟缓,以及行为信号,包括食物固定和预期性呕吐,将有助于医疗保健专业人员评估挑食者和照顾者照顾他们的孩子。尽管膳食补充剂和商业食品强化在挑食中发挥了重要作用,但它们在中东地区没有任何好处。结论:专家组一致认为,通过食物优先的方法和口服营养补充剂进行食物强化对中东儿童来说是最好的。这些建议将有助于识别和管理中东地区的挑食儿童。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diet fortification for mild and moderate picky eating in typically developed children: Opinion review of Middle East consensus.

Background: Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally, negatively impacting their physical and mental growth. Although common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters, including food selectivity, food neophobia, and food avoidance, there is no clear definition to assess this behavior. Due to the unavailability of data regarding picky eating, it wasn't easy to estimate its prevalence.

Aim: To develop a regional protocol to help healthcare professionals identify and manage mild and moderate picky eating cases.

Methods: A virtual roundtable discussion was held in April 2021 to gather the opinions of seven pediatricians and two pediatric dietitians from eight Middle Eastern countries who had great experience in the management of picky eating. The discussion covered different topics, including clearly defining mild and moderate picky eating, identifying the role of diet fortification in these cases, and the possibility of developing a systematic approach to diet fortification.

Results: The panel identified picky eating as consuming an inadequate amount and variety of foods by rejecting familiar and unfamiliar food. Most of the time, moderate picky eating cases had micronutrient deficiencies with over- or undernutrition; the mild cases only showed inadequate food consumption and/or poor diet quality. Paying attention to the organic red flags like growth faltering and development delay and behavioral red flags, including food fixation and anticipatory gagging, will help healthcare professionals evaluate the picky eaters and the caregivers to care for their children. Although dietary supplementation and commercial food fortification play an important role in picky eating, they were no benefit in the Middle East.

Conclusion: The panel agreed that food fortification through a food-first approach and oral nutritional supplements would be the best for Middle Eastern children. These recommendations would facilitate identifying and managing picky-eating children in the Middle East.

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