American journal of epidemiology最新文献_第7页

A cautionary note on the use of sibling proxy outcomes as a selection bias diagnostic. 关于使用兄弟姐妹替代结果作为选择偏倚诊断的一个警告。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag226

Sunyeop Lee, Michael A Liu, Wan-Ting Hsu, Chien-Chang Lee

引用次数: 0

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag231

Renae Wilkinson, Richard Cowden, Howard Koh, Jack Tsai

{"title":"Housing-related payment hardship and associations with health and well-being: a 15-year longitudinal study in a National Sample of U.S. adults.","authors":"Renae Wilkinson, Richard Cowden, Howard Koh, Jack Tsai","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag231","url":null,"abstract":"Many U.S. households face growing difficulty affording housing and related costs, with some missing payments for housing or utilities due to limited resources. Sparse research has examined how housing-related payment hardship relates to well-being over the life course. We used three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; n = 7673) to estimate associations of two housing-related payment hardship exposures (inability to pay rent/mortgage and utilities) in early adulthood (Wave IV; 2008-2009) with 36 health and well-being outcomes 15 years later (Wave VI; 2022-2025). We used an outcome-wide analytic approach, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and prior values of outcomes and exposures (Wave III; 2001-2002). Results after Bonferroni correction indicated both exposures were associated with worse outcomes in physical health (eg, self-rated health), health behavior (eg, smoking), psychological distress (eg, anxiety), psychological well-being (eg, life evaluation), social distress (eg, discrimination), and socioeconomic factors (eg, financial distress). Associations with social well-being and prosocial outcomes were weaker. Our findings strengthen evidence that housing-related payment hardship is both an economic and public health concern. Policies and interventions that reduce housing payment difficulties in early adulthood before severe instability or homelessness emerges may promote longer-term health, well-being, and socioeconomic stability.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of Adolescent Movement Behaviours to Socioeconomic Inequalities in Adult Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Causal Decomposition in a Population-Based Cohort. 青少年运动行为对成人心血管疾病风险中社会经济不平等的贡献：基于人群队列的因果分解

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag234

Nicholas Grubic, Katerina Maximova, Arnaud Chiolero, Arjumand Siddiqi, Sarah Carsley, Brice Batomen, Cristian Carmeli

{"title":"Contribution of Adolescent Movement Behaviours to Socioeconomic Inequalities in Adult Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Causal Decomposition in a Population-Based Cohort.","authors":"Nicholas Grubic, Katerina Maximova, Arnaud Chiolero, Arjumand Siddiqi, Sarah Carsley, Brice Batomen, Cristian Carmeli","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag234","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing unhealthy movement behaviours in adolescence could reduce socioeconomic inequalities in adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Among 6608 adolescents enrolled in the Add Health cohort (1994-1995) and followed into adulthood (2016-2018), movement behaviours (physical activity, screen time, sleep) were classified as healthy or unhealthy based on adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Parental education and family financial hardship captured socioeconomic position (SEP). The outcome was 30-year CVD risk in adulthood. G-formula-based causal decomposition quantified changes in socioeconomic inequalities under two interventional scenarios: (1) eliminating unhealthy movement behaviours across the population, (2) equalizing the low-SEP group's movement behaviour distributions to match the high-SEP group. Adolescents whose parents did not graduate from college/university had a higher adult CVD risk than those whose parents did (RD: 6.9%, RR: 1.73). Eliminating all unhealthy movement behaviours reduced the RD to 4.9% (-2.0% absolute change), while the RR remained similar (1.76). Eliminating unhealthy levels of physical activity produced the largest absolute reduction (-1.7%), with negligible reductions for screen time (-0.2%) and sleep (-0.2%). The equalization scenario had minimal impact, and results were similar for family financial hardship. Whole-population interventions targeting unhealthy adolescent movement behaviours, particularly physical activity, may reduce absolute socioeconomic inequalities in adult CVD risk.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consistency and Positivity are Valuable for Causal Education and Communication. 一致性和积极性对因果教育和交流是有价值的。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag221

Lee Kennedy-Shaffer

引用次数: 0

Advantages of a Two-Stage Randomized Trial Design to Evaluate Antimicrobial Treatment Strategies: a Simulation Study. 两阶段随机试验设计评估抗菌治疗策略的优势：一项模拟研究。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag220

Juan Gago, Christopher Boyer, Marc Lipsitch

{"title":"Advantages of a Two-Stage Randomized Trial Design to Evaluate Antimicrobial Treatment Strategies: a Simulation Study.","authors":"Juan Gago, Christopher Boyer, Marc Lipsitch","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag220","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial prescribing policies affect treated patients and, through altered transmission, their contacts. Two-stage randomized (2SR) designs can estimate these spillover effects but have not been applied to antimicrobial strategies. We built a stochastic agent-based model of a hospital ward with two competing strains (susceptible and resistant) to emulate a 2SR trial. Drug A covers only the susceptible strain, while Drug B covers both. Six clusters were randomized to a 90/10 or 50/50 Drug A/Drug B allocation, with individuals randomized to treatments within clusters. We estimated direct, indirect, total, and overall effects on mortality. Drug A recipients had higher mortality than Drug B recipients in every cluster, because Drug A does not cover the resistant strain (direct effect +4.75 to +7.08 percentage points [pp]). Among Drug A recipients, mortality was higher when the ward followed 90/10 than 50/50 (indirect effect +2.10 pp), driven by higher resistant-strain prevalence; the effect on Drug B recipients was minimal. The 50/50 strategy reduced total mortality (overall effect -4.00 pp), but this concealed a redistribution: resistant-strain deaths fell while susceptible-strain deaths rose. Findings were robust across sensitivity scenarios. The 2SR design captures spillover effects invisible to individually randomized trials.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Questions asked and, maybe, answered with Mendelian randomization. 提出的问题，也许，用孟德尔随机化来回答。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag223

Joy Shi, Elizabeth W Diemer, Sonja A Swanson

引用次数: 0

Influenza mitigation recommendations, symptoms, and viral RNA shedding durations-2023-24 and 2024-25 seasons. 流感缓解建议、症状和病毒RNA脱落持续时间-2023-24和2024-25季节。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag219

Elizabeth B White, Caroline A O'Neil, Melissa S Stockwell, Son H McLaren, Ellen Sano, Celibell Y Vargas, Henry C Fremont, Stacey House, Rachel M Presti, Stephanie A Fritz, Carlos G Grijalva, H Keipp Talbot, Jonathan E Schmitz, Yuwei Zhu, Theresa A Scott, Sydney A Cornelison, Jessica E Biddle, Emily A McNair, Samantha G Dean, Lydia Bristol, Alexandra M Mellis, Jennie H Kwon

{"title":"Influenza mitigation recommendations, symptoms, and viral RNA shedding durations-2023-24 and 2024-25 seasons.","authors":"Elizabeth B White, Caroline A O'Neil, Melissa S Stockwell, Son H McLaren, Ellen Sano, Celibell Y Vargas, Henry C Fremont, Stacey House, Rachel M Presti, Stephanie A Fritz, Carlos G Grijalva, H Keipp Talbot, Jonathan E Schmitz, Yuwei Zhu, Theresa A Scott, Sydney A Cornelison, Jessica E Biddle, Emily A McNair, Samantha G Dean, Lydia Bristol, Alexandra M Mellis, Jennie H Kwon","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag219","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag219","url":null,"abstract":"In March 2024, CDC released symptom-based isolation guidance for viral respiratory illnesses including influenza: isolation from others until fever-free for 24 hours and other symptoms are improving, followed by 5 days of post-isolation precautions. This study evaluated how well these recommendations aligned with influenza virus RNA shedding and assessed self-reported isolation in a multi-site household study during 2023-2025. We analyzed data from 1294 participants with influenza, including 627 with a clear peak in viral RNA levels and symptom resolution during follow-up. Participants provided daily symptom diaries and nasal swabs. We used Kaplan-Meier models to estimate recommended isolation duration based on CDC guidelines and compared this to viral RNA shedding measured by cycle threshold values and viral loads. The median recommended isolation duration was 6 days (interquartile range 4-7). Peak viral RNA shedding occurred a median of 4 days post-symptom onset, falling during recommended isolation for 80% (by Ct) and 69% (by viral load) of participants and increasing to 100% and 97% respectively by day 6 post-isolation. However, only 21% reported isolating from household members (median 2 days), and 80% isolated from the community (median 4 days). These findings support symptom-based isolation and emphasize the importance of post-isolation precautions.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Case for Code Sharing in The American Journal of Epidemiology. 《美国流行病学杂志》上的代码共享案例。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag224

Ashley I Naimi, Catherine R Lesko, Enrique F Schisterman

引用次数: 0

Multi-mode design for studying cyber aggression in texts, Facebook and Twitter messages among middle school youth. 中学生文本、Facebook和Twitter信息中网络攻击行为的多模式研究

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag222

Marizen R Ramirez, N Jeanie Santaularia Gomez, Andrew Ryan, Octav Chipara, Karen Heimer, Corinne Peek-Asa, Shelly Campo, Padmini Snirivasan, Bao Nhia Xiong, Alexis Grimes Trotter, Anthony Paik

{"title":"Multi-mode design for studying cyber aggression in texts, Facebook and Twitter messages among middle school youth.","authors":"Marizen R Ramirez, N Jeanie Santaularia Gomez, Andrew Ryan, Octav Chipara, Karen Heimer, Corinne Peek-Asa, Shelly Campo, Padmini Snirivasan, Bao Nhia Xiong, Alexis Grimes Trotter, Anthony Paik","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag222","url":null,"abstract":"With the explosion of the internet, cyber aggression has become one of the fastest growing forms of interpersonal violence. Methods used to understand aggressive communications content have been limited primarily to surveys. Here, we present multiple methods - panel surveys, electronic capture of social media, and Ecological Momentary Assessments - to characterize both behavioral and perceptual components of cyber aggression in a study of youth from two Iowa middle schools during the 2014-2015 school year. Youth completed a survey, and a sub-sample of smartphone owners installed an electronic application that collected over 150,000 text messages, Twitter posts, and Facebook posts. The sub-sample also participated in ecological momentary assessments to collect self-reported experiences of cyber aggression. To code for aggressive content in this large sample of messages, a case-control sampling strategy was used to identify a series of \"case\" messages from youth who reported aggression and \"control\" messages from youth who reported no aggression. We further present recruitment protocols, data management and qualitative coding methods as well as descriptive characteristics of the student cohort and nested sample of messages. These methods have potential use in future studies of \"big data\" captured from social media.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148917999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing neighborhood exposure assessment with GPS-based mobility data: toward theoretically driven standardized approaches in population Health Research. 利用基于gps的移动数据推进社区暴露评估：人口健康研究中理论驱动的标准化方法。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag205

Byoungjun Kim, Seann D Regan, Tyrone Moline, Adam M Whalen, Giselle A Barreto, Basile Chaix, Aleya Khalifa, Cho-Hee Shrader, Russell Brewer, John M Flores, John A Schneider, Dustin T Duncan

{"title":"Advancing neighborhood exposure assessment with GPS-based mobility data: toward theoretically driven standardized approaches in population Health Research.","authors":"Byoungjun Kim, Seann D Regan, Tyrone Moline, Adam M Whalen, Giselle A Barreto, Basile Chaix, Aleya Khalifa, Cho-Hee Shrader, Russell Brewer, John M Flores, John A Schneider, Dustin T Duncan","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag205","url":null,"abstract":"Global positioning system (GPS) data capture fine-scale spatial and temporal mobility, enabling more precise, individualized assessments of neighborhood exposures than residential address-based measures. Despite growing use, there is little consensus on how to define and quantify GPS-based exposures, highlighting the need for theory-informed approaches. This study demonstrates how GPS data can enhance neighborhood exposure assessment, address spatial misclassification, and inform future research on mobility and neighborhood environments. We integrated theoretical frameworks from psychology, sociology, and geography into GPS-based research using data from two cohort studies: the Neighborhoods and Networks (N2) Study and the Trying to Understand Relationships, Networks, and Neighborhoods among Trans Women of Color (TURNNT) Study. The final GPS analytic sample was 649 participants. We constructed GPS-based neighborhood exposure measures, including direct exposure to specific locations and neighborhood psychosocial exposures, and compared these metrics with conventional residential address-based measures. We also derived GPS-based mobility measures to characterize individual mobility patterns. GPS-based measures captured higher variability in neighborhood exposures compared with residential-based measures. GPS-derived mobility measures further characterized individual mobility patterns, providing additional context for understanding exposure beyond residential location. Accounting for spatial and temporal dimensions offers a robust foundation for future studies with more precise spatially relevant health interventions.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148917965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0