American journal of epidemiology最新文献_第10页

Road traffic crashes after implementation of the Congestion Relief Zone in New York City. 纽约市实施拥堵缓解区后的道路交通事故。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag090

Nicole G Itzkowitz, Leah Roberts, Guohua Li, Andrew G Rundle, Joyce C Pressley, Kathryn G Burford, Siddhesh Zadey, Adam Whalen, Brady Bushover, Christopher Morrison

引用次数: 0

Taking heterogeneity seriously: Black immigrant life expectancy in the United States. 认真对待异质性：美国黑人移民的预期寿命。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag108

Elizabeth Wrigley-Field

引用次数: 0

Impacts of the Pacific Northwest Heat Dome on preterm birth rates in Oregon and Washington State. 太平洋西北热穹对俄勒冈州和华盛顿州早产率的影响。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag107

Heather McBrien, Ralph Catalano, Tim Bruckner, Nina M Flores, Allison Stolte, Alison Gemmill, Joan A Casey

{"title":"Impacts of the Pacific Northwest Heat Dome on preterm birth rates in Oregon and Washington State.","authors":"Heather McBrien, Ralph Catalano, Tim Bruckner, Nina M Flores, Allison Stolte, Alison Gemmill, Joan A Casey","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag107","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag107","url":null,"abstract":"The 2021 Pacific Northwest Heat Dome produced the highest temperatures ever recorded in usually temperate Oregon and Washington State. Under climate change, events as extreme as the Heat Dome are forecasted once to twice per decade rather than once every thousand years. Among other health effects, extreme heat exposure increases risk of preterm birth. However, few studies have evaluated susceptible exposure windows for extreme heat during pregnancy, or quantified effects in historically unexposed populations like those in Oregon and Washington State.We treated the PNW Heat Dome as a natural experiment, and used 2016-2022 vital statistics records to estimate the gestation month-specific impact of the Heat Dome on preterm birth. Using an interrupted time series design with a synthetic control, we compared the observed odds of preterm birth in the exposed (in utero November 2020-July 2021) Oregon and Washington conception cohorts to counterfactual odds had the Heat Dome not happened. Our analysis included 716,096 exposed births across 67 monthly conception cohorts. Odds of preterm birth were higher than expected in cohorts exposed during months 2-3 (11% increase; 95% CI, 1-22) and months 6-7 (14% increase; 95% CI, 5-24) of pregnancy. We found that Heat Dome exposure during all trimesters increased preterm birth risk, and heat exposure in early pregnancy had a delayed effect on preterm birth risk, suggesting interventions to protect pregnant people from heat should span the entire pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2491-2495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyperemesis gravidarum and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study of 2.5 million births in California. 妊娠剧吐和不良妊娠结局：加州250万新生儿的人群队列研究

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag134

Rebecca M Gardner, Jonathan A Mayo, Virginia D Winn, Gary M Shaw, Julia F Simard

{"title":"Hyperemesis gravidarum and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study of 2.5 million births in California.","authors":"Rebecca M Gardner, Jonathan A Mayo, Virginia D Winn, Gary M Shaw, Julia F Simard","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag134","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag134","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG)-severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy-affects 1%-3% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of early pregnancy hospitalization. Significant maternal undernutrition in HG pregnancy is hypothesized to lead to abnormal placental development and function, resulting in higher risk for select adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Population data investigating this association are largely from Europe; the only prior US population-based study (1999) did not adjust for confounding. We evaluated the association between HG and APOs in a US population-based cohort of 2.5 million singleton live births in California (2007-2011). We defined HG based on primary diagnosis codes present in prenatal hospitalization or emergency department records (n = 53 681; 2.2%). After adjusting for confounders, HG was associated with higher risks of pre-eclampsia (aRR 1.18, 95% CI, 1.13-1.23), gestational hypertension (1.15, 1.09-1.22), preterm birth (1.25, 1.22-1.29), small for gestational age (1.19, 1.16-1.22), placental abruption (1.14, 1.05-1.25), and anemia (1.37, 1.33-1.40). Risks were generally higher among women with first HG hospitalization in the second trimester (eg, pre-eclampsia: 1.41, 1.30-1.52), and elevated risks were observed across nearly all strata examined. In this large US population-based cohort, HG was associated with increased risk of multiple APOs.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2373-2382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clasen et al. respond to "Thyroid autoimmunity in the TEDDY cohort: is HLA 8.1 haplotype the hidden driver?" Clasen等人对“TEDDY队列中的甲状腺自身免疫：HLA 8.1单倍型是隐藏的驱动因素吗？”

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag156

Joanna L Clasen, Hemang M Parikh, William A Hagopian

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Re: "On variance of the treatment effect in the treated when estimated by inverse probability weighting". 修正：Re：“用逆概率加权估计被治疗者的治疗效果方差”。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag164

引用次数: 0

Neighborhood impacts of overdose prevention centers on real estate prices in New York City. 纽约市过量用药预防中心对房地产价格的社区影响。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag061

Bennett Allen, Cale Basaraba, Czarina N Behrends, Laura C Chambers, Brandon D L Marshall, Magdalena Cerdá

{"title":"Neighborhood impacts of overdose prevention centers on real estate prices in New York City.","authors":"Bennett Allen, Cale Basaraba, Czarina N Behrends, Laura C Chambers, Brandon D L Marshall, Magdalena Cerdá","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag061","url":null,"abstract":"Overdose prevention centers (OPCs) are associated with improved community health and decreased crime, but opponents argue that OPCs depress nearby property values. We estimated the association of the opening of the first two public recognized OPC in the United States with neighborhood residential rents and real estate sales in the East Harlem and Washington Heights neighborhoods of New York City (NYC). Using augmented synthetic controls, we analyzed quarterly and semiannual rental listings and annual and semiannual sales within 300- and 500-m buffers around the OPCs. Donor units were buffers around syringe service programs without OPCs and opioid treatment programs. Primary outcomes were median quarterly rental listing price and median annual sales price. Overall, we found no changes in neighborhood rental or sales prices. For quarterly rentals at 300 m, we estimated (ATT, 95% CI) $145 (-$780, $1070) in East Harlem and -$505 (-$1279, $269) in Washington Heights. For annual sales at 500 m, we estimated -$542 993 (-$1 228 024, $142038) in East Harlem and $1 121 706 (-$431 285, $2674697) in Washington Heights. Conformal inference identified no detectable time-point effects. Overall, OPC implementation in NYC was not associated with changes in rents or sales, suggesting these facilities may not generate appreciable effects on local housing values.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2399-2407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Bayesian bivariate spatial modeling framework for stage-specific cancer incidence and targeting of screening efforts. 一个贝叶斯二元空间模型框架的阶段特异性癌症发病率和筛选工作的目标。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag106

Qinyun Lin, Carl Bonander, Ulf Strömberg

{"title":"A Bayesian bivariate spatial modeling framework for stage-specific cancer incidence and targeting of screening efforts.","authors":"Qinyun Lin, Carl Bonander, Ulf Strömberg","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag106","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag106","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic differences in cancer stage at diagnosis may reflect both variation in underlying cancer risk and variation in the extent of early detection through screening or other diagnostic testing. Mapping both late-stage incidence (as an indicator of disease burden) and late-minus-early difference (as an indicator of insufficient diagnostic activity relative to the underlying disease burden) provides an empirically grounded way to identify small areas (neighborhoods) where enhanced early detection may yield the greatest benefits. We introduce a Bayesian bivariate spatial modeling framework for jointly analyzing early- and late-stage cancer incidence, allowing for both spatial correlation across areas and outcome correlation within areas to improve small-area estimation. Using population-based registry data aggregated at the small-area level, we estimate age-standardized incidence rates of early- and late-stage cancers across the study area and propose an inferential approach to identify priority sub-areas. We compare single-outcome and multivariate spatial formulations via Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. We demonstrate the approach using Swedish register data on prostate cancer linked to population data at the small area level. The framework can be extended to other diseases with correlated outcomes or multiple severity levels, as well as to other settings.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2430-2439"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A simple and powerful test of vaccine waning. 一个简单而有力的疫苗失效测试。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag118

Gellért Perényi, Matias Janvin, Mats J Stensrud

{"title":"A simple and powerful test of vaccine waning.","authors":"Gellért Perényi, Matias Janvin, Mats J Stensrud","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag118","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag118","url":null,"abstract":"Determining whether vaccine efficacy wanes is important for individual and public decision making. Yet, quantification of waning is a subtle task. The classical approaches cannot be interpreted as measures of declining efficacy unless we impose unreasonable assumptions. Recently, formal causal estimands designed to quantify vaccine waning have been proposed. These estimands can be bounded under weaker assumptions, but the bounds are often too wide to make claims about the presence of waning. We propose a different approach: a formal test to assess whether a treatment effect is constant over time at the individual level. This test provides a considerable power gain over existing approaches and is valid under interpretable assumptions in vaccine trials. We illustrate the increase in power through real and simulated examples, using 3 different approaches to compute the test statistics. Two of these approaches are based solely on summary data, accessible from existing clinical trials. Beyond our test, we also give new results that bound the waning effect. We use our methods to reanalyze data from a randomized controlled trial of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. While a prior analysis did not establish waning, our test rejects the null hypothesis of no waning.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2469-2475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative bias analyses to address measurement error in time-to-event endpoints. 定量偏差分析，以解决时间到事件端点的测量误差。

IF 4.1 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwag027

Benjamin Ackerman, Ryan W Gan, Youyi Zhang, Jennifer Hayden, Jocelyn R Wang, Craig S Meyer, Juned Siddique, Jennifer L Lund, Janick Weberpals, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Til Stürmer, James Roose, Omar Nadeem, Noopur Raje, Sikander Ailawadhi, Smith Giri, Laura Hester, Jason Brayer, Ashita S Batavia

{"title":"Quantitative bias analyses to address measurement error in time-to-event endpoints.","authors":"Benjamin Ackerman, Ryan W Gan, Youyi Zhang, Jennifer Hayden, Jocelyn R Wang, Craig S Meyer, Juned Siddique, Jennifer L Lund, Janick Weberpals, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Til Stürmer, James Roose, Omar Nadeem, Noopur Raje, Sikander Ailawadhi, Smith Giri, Laura Hester, Jason Brayer, Ashita S Batavia","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwag027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwag027","url":null,"abstract":"When using real-world data to construct an external comparator arm for a single-arm trial, there may be differences in how and when patients are assessed for disease between trial and real-world settings. Such differences can generate outcome measurement error when comparing time-to-event endpoints and lead to biased findings. Recent methods have been developed to mitigate measurement error bias in real-world endpoints; however, they rely on the existence of a validation sample, ie, data on a set of patients where both the \"true\" trial-like and \"mis-measured\" real-world measures are collected. We demonstrate how novel statistical methods can be leveraged as quantitative bias analyses (QBA) to contextualize real-world evidence findings when outcome measurement error is of concern, but validation samples are infeasible to collect. Quantitative bias analyses allow researchers to set plausible ranges for the amount of error when not directly measurable. We highlight how to conduct QBA with two recent methods, cumulative incidence curve correction and survival regression calibration, and illustrate how to generate plausible parameter values through simulation. We provide an illustrative QBA example in a cohort of real-world patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and provide practical guidance to apply QBA for outcome measurement error and interpret results.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"2476-2483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0