American journal of epidemiology最新文献

High-dimensional multiple imputation (HDMI) for partially observed confounders including natural language processing-derived auxiliary covariates.

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf017

Janick Weberpals, Pamela A Shaw, Kueiyu Joshua Lin, Richard Wyss, Joseph M Plasek, Li Zhou, Kerry Ngan, Thomas DeRamus, Sudha R Raman, Bradley G Hammill, Hana Lee, Sengwee Toh, John G Connolly, Kimberly J Dandreo, Fang Tian, Wei Liu, Jie Li, José J Hernández-Muñoz, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Rishi J Desai

{"title":"High-dimensional multiple imputation (HDMI) for partially observed confounders including natural language processing-derived auxiliary covariates.","authors":"Janick Weberpals, Pamela A Shaw, Kueiyu Joshua Lin, Richard Wyss, Joseph M Plasek, Li Zhou, Kerry Ngan, Thomas DeRamus, Sudha R Raman, Bradley G Hammill, Hana Lee, Sengwee Toh, John G Connolly, Kimberly J Dandreo, Fang Tian, Wei Liu, Jie Li, José J Hernández-Muñoz, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Rishi J Desai","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf017","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple imputation (MI) models can be improved with auxiliary covariates (AC), but their performance in high-dimensional data remains unclear. We aimed to develop and compare high-dimensional MI (HDMI) methods using structured and natural language processing (NLP)-derived AC in studies with partially observed confounders. We conducted a plasmode simulation with acute kidney injury as outcome and simulated 100 cohorts with a null treatment effect, incorporating creatinine labs, atrial fibrillation (AFib), and other investigator-derived confounders in the outcome generation. Missingness was imposed on creatinine based on creatinine itself and AFib. Different HDMI candidate AC were created using structured and NLP-derived features and we mimicked scenarios where AFib was unobserved by omitting it from all analyses. Using LASSO, we selected HDMI covariates for MI and propensity score models. The treatment effect was estimated after propensity score matching in MI datasets, and HDMI methods were compared to baseline imputation and complete case analysis. HDMI using claims data showed the lowest bias (0.072). Combining claims and sentence embeddings led to an improvement in the efficiency with a root-mean-squared-error of 0.173 and 94% coverage. NLP-derived AC alone did not outperform baseline MI. HDMI approaches may decrease bias in studies where confounder missingness depends on unobserved factors.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Attributable Fraction of Non-Vaccination and Under-Vaccination of COVID-19 Due to Vaccine Hesitancy, 2022. 因疫苗犹豫而未接种和接种不足的COVID-19人口归因比例，2022。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf009

Kimberly H Nguyen, E Lisa Chung, Robert A Bednarczyk, Lavanya Vasudevan

{"title":"Population Attributable Fraction of Non-Vaccination and Under-Vaccination of COVID-19 Due to Vaccine Hesitancy, 2022.","authors":"Kimberly H Nguyen, E Lisa Chung, Robert A Bednarczyk, Lavanya Vasudevan","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf009","url":null,"abstract":"Non-vaccination and under-vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine may be attributed to multifaceted barriers including hesitancy and access issues. Using data from the CDC's Research and Development Survey, a nationally representative survey fielded from November 3, 2022 - December 12, 2022 (n=6,821), we examined the adjusted population attribution fraction (PAF) of COVID-19 non-vaccination and under-vaccination attributed to vaccine hesitancy by sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, the adjusted PAF of non-vaccination attributed to vaccine hesitancy was 84.8%, and the adjusted PAF of under-vaccination attributed to vaccine hesitancy decreased with increasing COVID-19 vaccine doses (76.0%, 41.0%, and 16.9% for ≥2, ≥3, and ≥4 doses, respectively). The proportion of adults who considered the social benefit of the vaccine, risk of contracting COVID-19, and information received from a medical provider increased with greater number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received. In contrast, the proportion of adults who were concerned about long-term impacts, speed of vaccine development and personal risk of getting vaccinated decreased with greater number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received. Understanding the PAF estimates from the acute phase of the pandemic serves as an important comparison for post-pandemic vaccination estimates, and is needed for messaging as COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths resurge in the fall of 2024.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing trends in measles immunity during periods of varying measles circulation in Madagascar. 揭示马达加斯加不同麻疹流行时期麻疹免疫的趋势。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf005

Arthur Menezes, James A Hay, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Andriamasina Herivelo Randriamanantena, Luojun Yang, Jean-Michel Héraud, Simon Cauchemez, Amy Wesolowski, Bryan Grenfell, Andrea L Graham, C Jessica E Metcalf

{"title":"Revealing trends in measles immunity during periods of varying measles circulation in Madagascar.","authors":"Arthur Menezes, James A Hay, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Andriamasina Herivelo Randriamanantena, Luojun Yang, Jean-Michel Héraud, Simon Cauchemez, Amy Wesolowski, Bryan Grenfell, Andrea L Graham, C Jessica E Metcalf","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf005","url":null,"abstract":"Estimating the durability of immunity from vaccination is complicated by unreported re-vaccination, and unobserved natural infection or reexposure, which could result in overestimation of protection longevity. We tested serial cross-sectional serum samples from 2005 to 2015 (N=2,530) for IgG to examine measles seroprevalence, spatiotemporal patterns of titers across regions and antibody dynamics among children aged 1-9 years who grew up during varying measles circulation in Madagascar under a one-dose vaccination schedule. We found that measles seroprevalence has generally decreased over this time period. Furthermore, we conducted two nested serological surveys, analyzing 393 samples taken in 2005 (N=158), a time-point preceded by high levels of measles circulation, and 2015 (N=235), a time-point preceded by low levels of measles circulation. Among children alive during periods of limited measles circulation, we found lower measles seroprevalence in all age groups and lower antibody titers in children aged 7-9 years old. Notably, titers among children aged 7-9 dipped near the threshold of protection, highlighting the importance of additional measles vaccine doses. Our findings suggest that vulnerabilities might emerge during periods of limited measles circulation for countries with a one-dose schedule due to both the build-up of susceptible individuals and waning titers.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: "Canonical causal diagrams to guide the treatment of missing data in epidemiologic studies". 更正：“规范因果图指导流行病学研究中缺失数据的处理”。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae406

Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Katherine J Lee, Finbarr P Leacy, Julie A Simpson, John B Carlin

引用次数: 0

Adjuvant Therapy in Early Uterine Serous Carcinoma. 早期子宫浆液性癌的辅助治疗。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf008

Alison A Garrett, Taylor H Orellana, T Rinda Soong, Taylor A Rives, Sarah E Taylor, Lan Coffman, Ronald Buckanovich, Haider Mahdi, Sushil Beriwal, Paniti Sukumvanich, Rohit Bhargava, Alexander B Olawaiye

{"title":"Adjuvant Therapy in Early Uterine Serous Carcinoma.","authors":"Alison A Garrett, Taylor H Orellana, T Rinda Soong, Taylor A Rives, Sarah E Taylor, Lan Coffman, Ronald Buckanovich, Haider Mahdi, Sushil Beriwal, Paniti Sukumvanich, Rohit Bhargava, Alexander B Olawaiye","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a rare diagnosis but associated with high mortality. There is limited data to guide adjuvant treatment decisions in early stage disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of adjuvant therapy on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in early stage USC.Methods: Patients with stage I and II USC treated at a single institution from 1/2006-12/2019 were identified. Demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment and outcome data were collected. Data were compared using descriptive statistics. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods.Results: Ninety-four patients were identified. Median follow-up time was 33.5 months. The median age was 68 years (range 49-87), the majority of patients were white (n=78, 83.0%), and the median BMI was 30.7 (range 14.2-57.3). Minimally-invasive surgical staging was performed in 59.6% of cases (n=56). Most patients had stage IA disease (n=70, 74.5%). Most patients (n=79, 84.0%) received adjuvant therapy, and a majority of patients received a combination of systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy (n=55, 58.5%), with the most common combination being chemotherapy plus vaginal brachytherapy (n=42, 44.7%). Most patients (n=77, 81.9%) remain without evidence of disease, while 17 patients (18.1%) have recurred. Patients receiving 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy experienced improved OS (p=0.004) and improved RFS (p=0.02) compared to those receiving no adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion: Patients with early stage USC who received six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly improved OS and RFS when compared to those patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fostering public health and academic partnerships during and beyond a public health emergency: lessons learned from COVID-19. 在突发公共卫生事件期间和之后加强公共卫生和学术伙伴关系：从COVID-19吸取的经验教训。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf007

Tomás M León, Lauren A White, Hilary Spindler, Joshua Schwab, Maya L Petersen, Jason Vargo, William Wheeler, Priya B Shete, Seema Jain, James Watt, Erica S Pan, A Marm Kilpatrick

引用次数: 0

Validation of Diagnosis Codes for Low Birth Weight and Small-for-Gestational Age in the Medicaid Analytic Extract Database. 医疗补助分析提取数据库中低出生体重和小胎龄诊断代码的验证。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae472

Xi Wang, Yehua Wang, Yanmin Zhu, Diana Montoya-Williams, Joshua Brown, Amie J Goodin, Ellen Zimmerman, Almut G Winterstein

{"title":"Validation of Diagnosis Codes for Low Birth Weight and Small-for-Gestational Age in the Medicaid Analytic Extract Database.","authors":"Xi Wang, Yehua Wang, Yanmin Zhu, Diana Montoya-Williams, Joshua Brown, Amie J Goodin, Ellen Zimmerman, Almut G Winterstein","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwae472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwae472","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The accuracy of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) in administrative healthcare records is crucial for perinatal studies but has few validity studies.Methods: Using 1999-2010 MAX linked to birth certificates (BC), we identified mother-infant dyads (≥30 days enrollment after delivery, with valid gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW)). LBW and SGA were identified based on ICD-9-CM codes. Infants with BW <10% of the U.S. reference were flagged as SGA. For LBW group diagnoses, we imputed birthweight using median, mean BW from BCs, and ICD code boundaries of infants in the same LBW group. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values to assess performance.Results: We identified 1,536,272 live births. All LBW groups had low SEs, high SPs, and NPVs, whereas PPVs varied. Among infants with SGA diagnoses based on GA/BW from the BC, SE of the SGA codes was 13.36%; SP 99.01%; PPV 67.37%. Combining imputation with LBW codes increased SE up to 22.09% (lower boundary) but decreased PPV to 41.53% (lower boundary).Conclusions: ICD-9-CM codes from administrative healthcare records had low SE but high SP. Imputation based on GA and BW did not add much value to SGA identification.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and epigenetic age acceleration in children. 长期暴露于环境空气污染与儿童表观遗传年龄加速。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf006

Wenli Ni, Anne K Bozack, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert, Nicholas J Nassikas, Joanne Sordillo, Wei Perng, Diane R Gold, Andres Cardenas, Mary B Rice

{"title":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and epigenetic age acceleration in children.","authors":"Wenli Ni, Anne K Bozack, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert, Nicholas J Nassikas, Joanne Sordillo, Wei Perng, Diane R Gold, Andres Cardenas, Mary B Rice","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf006","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in adults, but its impact on children remains less understood. This study analyzed data from 457 children (mean age: 7.9 years) in the Project Viva cohort (2007-2010, eastern Massachusetts, USA). We calculated EAA from leukocytes: Horvath's Epigenetic Age Acceleration (HorvathEAA), Intrinsic Epigenetic Age Acceleration (IEAA), and Skin and Blood Epigenetic Age Acceleration (Skin&BloodEAA). We applied generalized additive models to evaluate associations of prior 365-day average and lifetime average exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and O3, and distance to major roadways with EAA. Results indicated that each interquartile range of prior 365-day average of PM2.5 corresponded with 0.26 years (95% CI: -0.49, -0.03) lower HorvathEAA, although it did not survive multiple testing adjustment. Similar patterns but with wider confidence intervals were observed for IEAA (-0.22, 95% CI: -0.44, 0.01) and Skin&BloodEAA (-0.04, 95% CI: -0.19, 0.11). No associations were observed of exposure to lifetime average PM2.5, prior-year or lifetime average NO2 or O3, or distance to major roadways with EAA. These findings suggest higher prior 365-day average PM2.5 exposure may relate to lower HorvathEAA in children.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Re: "Soy intake and urinary sex hormone levels in preschool Japanese children". 回复：“日本学龄前儿童大豆摄入量和尿性激素水平”。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae351

引用次数: 0

A registry-based approach for estimating county-level race disparities in breast cancer mortality: an analysis in Georgia. 基于登记的方法估计乳腺癌死亡率的县一级种族差异：乔治亚州的一项分析。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae413

Rebecca Nash, Jeffrey M Switchenko, Kevin C Ward, Maret L Maliniak, Lindsay J Collin, Leah Moubadder, Michael R Kramer, Timothy L Lash, Anne Gaglioti, Rana Bayakly, Lauren E McCullough

{"title":"A registry-based approach for estimating county-level race disparities in breast cancer mortality: an analysis in Georgia.","authors":"Rebecca Nash, Jeffrey M Switchenko, Kevin C Ward, Maret L Maliniak, Lindsay J Collin, Leah Moubadder, Michael R Kramer, Timothy L Lash, Anne Gaglioti, Rana Bayakly, Lauren E McCullough","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwae413","DOIUrl":"10.1093/aje/kwae413","url":null,"abstract":"Despite similar incidence rates, nationwide breast cancer mortality is 40% higher among non-Hispanic Black (NHB) than non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. The racial disparity persists even among women with early-stage disease, prognostically favorable subtypes, and indicators of high socioeconomic status and is not evenly distributed throughout the US. Understanding geographic differences may provide additional insight into the drivers of the disparity. However, current data are geographically limited, based primarily on death certificate information, do not incorporate incidence, and often do not provide estimates or account for areas with small populations or sparse case data. Using a Bayesian framework, we estimated the local racial disparity in 5-year mortality for non-metastatic breast cancer diagnosed during 2005-2013 across counties in Georgia, a racially and geographically diverse state. Overall, during the study period, 5-year breast cancer mortality was 43% higher among NHB than NHW women. The racial disparity varied across Georgia with more pronounced disparity observed in the central and southeast and less pronounced disparity in the southwest. Rurality increased and the proportion of owner-occupied housing decreased the magnitude of the disparity, but only after accounting for other area-level covariates. This approach can help guide decisions and resource allocation at the local level.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0