American journal of epidemiology最新文献

Correction to: Omics feature selection with the extended SIS R package: identification of a body mass index epigenetic multimarker in the Strong Heart Study. 修正：扩展SIS R包的组学特征选择：在强心脏研究中确定体重指数表观遗传多标记。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf121

引用次数: 0

More research needed on measures of transgender self-identification. 需要对跨性别者自我认同的测量进行更多的研究。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf103

Ayden I Scheim

引用次数: 0

Pain During Midlife: A Cross-National Analysis of Cohort Differences in Reports of Pain in the United States, Europe, South Korea, and Mexico. 中年疼痛：美国、欧洲、韩国和墨西哥疼痛报告队列差异的跨国分析。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf130

Orchee L Syed, Frank J Infurna, Yesenia Cruz-Carrillo, Nutifafa E Y Dey, Markus Wettstein, Kevin J Grimm, Margie E Lachman, Denis Gerstorf

{"title":"Pain During Midlife: A Cross-National Analysis of Cohort Differences in Reports of Pain in the United States, Europe, South Korea, and Mexico.","authors":"Orchee L Syed, Frank J Infurna, Yesenia Cruz-Carrillo, Nutifafa E Y Dey, Markus Wettstein, Kevin J Grimm, Margie E Lachman, Denis Gerstorf","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf130","url":null,"abstract":"Middle-aged Americans today are reporting poorer mental, cognitive, and physical health compared to previous cohorts, but this trend has not been consistently observed in other nations. It is an open question whether pain shows similar cohort differences amongst U.S. middle-aged adults compared to other nations. We used harmonized data on pain from nationally representative longitudinal panel surveys from the U.S., 13 European nations (England, Continental, Mediterranean, and Nordic regions), South Korea, and Mexico to directly quantify cohort similarities and differences in midlife pain. Results from multilevel models demonstrated that midlife pain is higher amongst later-born cohorts in the U.S. than among earlier-born cohorts. The increased odds for later-born cohorts emerged in the early years of midlife when people are in their early 50s. A similar pattern of increased odds of reporting pain for later-born cohorts was observed in England and Mexico. In contrast, a decreased odds of reporting pain for later-born cohorts was observed in Continental, Mediterranean, and Nordic Europe as well as South Korea. Results for pain severity revealed a highly similar pattern. Our discussion focuses on potential explanations, including population-level discrepancies in use and quality of healthcare services and how pain is conceptualized across nations.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Census-Tract Level Mortgage Discrimination on Cognitive Function: Accounting for Measurement Instability in Small-Area Data via Joint Modeling. 人口普查区水平抵押歧视对认知功能的影响：基于联合建模的小区域数据测量不稳定性分析。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf131

Yueying Hu, Michael R Elliott, Helen C S Meier, Liang Chen, Monica E Walters, Ketlyne Sol, Laura B Zahodne

{"title":"The Impact of Census-Tract Level Mortgage Discrimination on Cognitive Function: Accounting for Measurement Instability in Small-Area Data via Joint Modeling.","authors":"Yueying Hu, Michael R Elliott, Helen C S Meier, Liang Chen, Monica E Walters, Ketlyne Sol, Laura B Zahodne","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf131","url":null,"abstract":"Racial disparities in cognitive health reflect entrenched structural inequalities. This study investigates the association between census-tract level mortgage discrimination, operationalized as the Mortgage Density Index Ratio (MDIR), and cognitive outcomes among racially diverse older adults. Using data from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (MCAP), a cohort of 644 participants was analyzed across six cognitive measures. Hypersegregation, driven in part by historical redlining and contemporary racial discrimination in housing and lending, introduces instability in ratio indices like MDIR. To address this, we employed a joint modeling approach that simultaneously estimates cognitive outcomes and latent mortgage rates for Black and White households. This method identified a significant association between MDIR and processing speed only among Non-Hispanic Black participants, with a one-unit MDIR increase corresponding to a 0.48 SD improvement in processing speed (95% CI: 0.05-0.93) while controlling for individual demographics. Contrarily, traditional regression methods failed to detect such effects. Simulations further demonstrated the superiority of joint modeling in managing measurement instability, showing notably lower bias and greater robustness in small- to moderate-sized census tracts. These findings underscore the importance of advanced statistical methods in quantifying structural racism and highlight the disproportionate effects of mortgage discrimination on cognitive outcomes among Black adults.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal Pattern of Multimorbidity in Older Adult Population: Latent Transition Analysis in 34 Countries. 老年人多重发病的纵向模式：34个国家的潜在转变分析。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf129

Ridho Al Izzati, Eduwin Pakpahan

{"title":"Longitudinal Pattern of Multimorbidity in Older Adult Population: Latent Transition Analysis in 34 Countries.","authors":"Ridho Al Izzati, Eduwin Pakpahan","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf129","url":null,"abstract":"Multimorbidity has become a global public health concern, yet cross-national comparisons remain limited, especially in longitudinal settings. This study investigates the longitudinal patterns and transitions of multimorbidity status of people over age 50 in 34 countries. Utilizing comparable health indicators across countries, we examine chronic health conditions (hypertension and diabetes), cognitive function, physical ability, and self-report of general health. Using latent transition analysis, we identify a pattern of multimorbidity and classify it into three classes: mild, moderate, and severe multimorbidity. Mild multimorbidity is characterized by a lower prevalence of three morbidities out of five, while severe multimorbidity is characterized by a higher prevalence across all health conditions. Moderate multimorbidity falls between these two extremes. Our findings reveal substantial variation in these classes across countries, with diabetes and hypertension emerging as the predominant condition among older adults with severe and moderate multimorbidity, respectively. Over time, both severe and moderate multimorbidity tend to increase, with similar transition probabilities from mild to more severe categories across countries. Covariate analysis indicates that men and low-educated individuals are more likely to experience severe multimorbidity. These results underscore the importance of understanding multimorbidity patterns and dynamics for effective public health planning and healthcare services.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations of social network size and perceived level of social support with age acceleration estimated by a proteomic aging clock: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 社会网络规模和感知到的社会支持水平与蛋白质组老化时钟估计的年龄加速的关系：社区研究中的动脉粥样硬化风险。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf125

Eri Eguchi, Anna Prizment, Shuo Wang, Sanaz Sedaghat, Mako Nagayoshi, Susan A Everson-Rose, Kevin J Sullivan, Ganga Bey, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Weihua Guan, Pamela L Lutsey

{"title":"Associations of social network size and perceived level of social support with age acceleration estimated by a proteomic aging clock: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.","authors":"Eri Eguchi, Anna Prizment, Shuo Wang, Sanaz Sedaghat, Mako Nagayoshi, Susan A Everson-Rose, Kevin J Sullivan, Ganga Bey, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Weihua Guan, Pamela L Lutsey","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We examined the associations of social network size and social support with biological age acceleration using a protein-based aging clock.Methods: A total of 11,719 participants (mean age 57.1±5.7 years; 55.6% female) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study Visit 2 (1990-1992) were included. Biological age was calculated using a proteomic aging clock (PAC), and age acceleration was defined as the residuals after regressing the PAC on chronological age. The associations of self-reported social network size and level of support with standardized mean age acceleration were examined using multivariable linear regression.Results: Size of social networks and level of support were inversely associated with age acceleration. The age accelerations of small, medium, and large social networks were 0.24, 0.08, and -0.05 (p for trend = 0.003), while for low, moderate and high levels of support the age accelerations were 0.33, 0.19, and -0.06 (p for trend < 0.0001), respectively. Associations were modestly attenuated after adjusting for social and lifestyle factors.Discussion: Findings of the benefit of social networks and support to biological aging processes provide evidence of potential physiological underpinnings of social interactions on health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneous associations of retirement with health and behaviors: A longitudinal study in 35 countries. 退休与健康和行为的异质性关联：一项在35个国家的纵向研究。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf126

Koryu Sato, Haruko Noguchi

{"title":"Heterogeneous associations of retirement with health and behaviors: A longitudinal study in 35 countries.","authors":"Koryu Sato, Haruko Noguchi","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf126","url":null,"abstract":"Many developed countries are raising their state pension age, thereby delaying retirement. However, existing evidence on the impact of retirement on health yields inconsistent results. This study aims to explore heterogeneous associations of retirement with health and behaviors using harmonized datasets of the Health and Retirement Study and its sister surveys in 35 countries. The data comprises 396,904 observations from 106,927 individuals aged 50-70 years. On average, participants were followed up for 6.7 years, and 50.5% of them consisted of men. This study employed the state pension age of each country as an instrument for retirement and performed fixed-effects instrumental variable regression. Among women, retirement was associated with a 0.100 SD increase in cognitive function and a 3.8%-point increase in physical independence. In both genders, retirement was associated with increased self-rated health, with women indicating a larger point estimate than men. Additionally, retirement was associated with a 4.3%-point decrease in physical inactivity and a 1.9%-point decrease in smoking among women, while no such associations were observed among men. Heterogeneity was not found across countries, educational levels, and pre-retirement job characteristics. Gender differences in post-retirement health behaviors may contribute to heterogeneous associations between retirement and health.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Association of Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Risk with Social Connectedness in Middle- And Older-Ages. 中老年人阿尔茨海默病遗传风险与社会联系的关系。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf122

Scott C Zimmerman, Ruijia Chen, Mary Thoma, Lucia Pacca, Jillian Hebert, Alicia Riley, Min Hee Kim, Annie Pederson, Yulin Yang, Peter Buto, Willa D Brenowitz, M Maria Glymour, Ashwin Kotwal, Jacqueline M Torres

{"title":"The Association of Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Risk with Social Connectedness in Middle- And Older-Ages.","authors":"Scott C Zimmerman, Ruijia Chen, Mary Thoma, Lucia Pacca, Jillian Hebert, Alicia Riley, Min Hee Kim, Annie Pederson, Yulin Yang, Peter Buto, Willa D Brenowitz, M Maria Glymour, Ashwin Kotwal, Jacqueline M Torres","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf122","url":null,"abstract":"Observational evidence suggests that social connectedness protects against Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but reverse causality has not been ruled out. We evaluated the potential for a reverse path by estimating associations between AD genetic risk score (AD-GRS) and social connectedness across mid and late-life. We used data from 487,194 UK Biobank participants aged 40+ years and considered social connectedness measures capturing social isolation, loneliness, relationship satisfaction, emotional support, and diverse social activity participation. Participants' mean age was 56.5 (SD: 8.2) years. Higher AD-GRS was associated with a lower social isolation score (β = 0.01; 95% CI: -0.014 to -0.001); these associations strengthened with age. Higher AD-GRS was associated with higher levels of family relationship satisfaction (β = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.01), but this association was attenuated with age. Higher AD-GRS was associated with engaging in a wider variety of social activities (β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.03), with no evidence of heterogeneity by age. Associations with loneliness, friendship relationship quality, and perceived emotional support were null. Overall, we did not find evidence that higher risk of AD is associated with reduced social connectedness. Instead, preclinical AD symptoms may lead to stronger family relationships and lower social isolation.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf128

Parker R Tope, Bronner P Gonçalves, Mariam El-Zein, Eduardo L Franco

引用次数: 0

High-dimensional Iterative Causal Forest (hdiCF) for Subgroup Identification Using Health Care Claims Data. 高维迭代因果森林（hdiCF）的亚组识别使用医疗保健索赔数据。

IF 5 2区医学

American journal of epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaf127

Tiansheng Wang, Virginia Pate, Richard Wyss, John B Buse, Michael R Kosorok, Til Stürmer

{"title":"High-dimensional Iterative Causal Forest (hdiCF) for Subgroup Identification Using Health Care Claims Data.","authors":"Tiansheng Wang, Virginia Pate, Richard Wyss, John B Buse, Michael R Kosorok, Til Stürmer","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwaf127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaf127","url":null,"abstract":"We tested a novel high-dimensional approach (using 1 ordinal variable per code with up to four levels: zero, occurred once, sporadically, or frequent) against the standard high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) method (up to 3 binary variables per code) for detecting heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE). Using the iterative causal forest (iCF) subgrouping algorithm, we analyzed a new-user cohort of 8,075 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and 7,313 glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists from a 20% random Medicare sample (2015-2019) with ≥1-year parts A/B/D enrollment and without severe renal disease. We extracted the top 200 prevalent codes across diagnoses, procedures, and prescriptions during the 1-year baseline. Subgroup-specific conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) were assessed for 2-year risk differences (aRD) in hospitalized heart failure using inverse-probability treatment weighting. The overall population exhibited an aRD of -0.4% (95% CI -1.1%, 0.2%). Our high-dimensional setting identified patients with ≥2 loop diuretic prescriptions (aRD: -2.6%, 95% CI: -5.0%, -0.2%) as the subgroup with the largest CATE. In contrast, the high-dimensional setting from hdPS identified patients with chronic kidney disease (aRD: -1.7%, 95% CI: -3.6%, 0.2%). Across various sensitivity analyses, our high-dimensional approach more accurately identified expected subgroups with HTE that aligns with prior clinical evidence.","PeriodicalId":7472,"journal":{"name":"American journal of epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0