Alzheimer's & Dementia最新文献

{"title":"History of Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers: From inception in 1984 to evolution beyond 2025","authors":"Zaven Khachaturian","doi":"10.1002/alz.70778","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70778","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper reviews the history of the so-called Alzheimer Movement in the United States, the origins of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRC) program, and their critical role in shaping the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease by 2035. The long narration unfolds in three parts: (1) <i>Beginnings</i>, (2) <i>Accomplishments</i>, and (3) <i>Charting the Next Step</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>This paper reviews the history of the Alzheimer movement in the United States, the origins of the ADRC program, and the centers’ critical role in shaping the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease by 2035. The long narration unfolds in three parts: (1) Beginnings: Establishing a Foothold, (2) Accomplishments: Key Achievements and Future Lessons, and (3) Charting the Next Step: Rethinking the ADRC's role after 2035.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>This perspective offers a high-level view of the scientific landscape during the inception of programmatic research in aging and dementia. The story covers the significant challenges involved in starting such an undertaking. It recounts the rationale, intent, achievements, and structure of the ADRCs.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The narrative focuses on the politics of science that shaped programs like the ADRC and NACC, particularly through earmarked funding. It explains why the program prioritized the creation of infrastructure and building capacity for longitudinal clinical studies.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The discussion of future directions will (1) explain the reasoning for reformulating the mission and structure of the ADRC's concept to accommodate a comprehensive range of emerging needs and (2) explore the role of the re-engineered centers as a catalyst to promote and maintain brain health to prevent cognitive impairments. It will suggest some possible options to restructure some current centers into comprehensive regional centers as instruments to deal with new challenges.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of AD and bvFTD using neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric variables: a machine learning study","authors":"Grace J. Goodwin,&nbsp;Jorge Fonseca,&nbsp;Sebastian Mehrzad,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Cummings,&nbsp;Samantha E. John","doi":"10.1002/alz.70782","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70782","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Machine learning (ML) is increasingly used for clinical classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Prior studies identified useful diagnostic features for AD and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), though they often lack pathological verification. We applied ML to classify AD and bvFTD autopsy status using initial visit neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set and Neuropathology Data Set were analyzed using logistic regression, support vector machines, random forest, and artificial neural networks to classify autopsy-confirmed diagnosis based on symptom and cognitive data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 1616 participants (AD = 1498, bvFTD = 118), all algorithms achieved high accuracy (80% to 90%) and discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.89 to 0.95). Apathy, disinhibition, and digit-symbol substitution were the most important classification features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings emphasize the value of specific clinical disease markers to support differential diagnosis of AD and bvFTD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Four ML algorithms were used for the classification of AD and bvFTD.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Neuropsychological subtests and neuropsychiatric symptoms were input features.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Models had high classification accuracy and discrimination.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>We identified important and accessible clinical features for classification.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond prion-like spreading in neurodegenerative disease","authors":"Georg Meisl,&nbsp;James B. Rowe,&nbsp;David Klenerman","doi":"10.1002/alz.70789","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70789","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To design effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, it is critical to understand the processes that trigger protein aggregation in sequential brain regions as the disease progresses. Aggregates formed in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, are capable of seeding, leading to the proposal to regard them all as prion-like. We here argue that the utility of this classification is limited; the terms <i>protein misfolding</i> and <i>aggregation-related diseases</i> describe the general class of diseases, and the connotation of <i>prion-like</i> that the spreading of infectious prions is the rate-limiting process narrows the view of possible mechanisms. Instead, we suggest four factors along which to compare different diseases and model systems, providing a clearer basis to consider the different ways in which pathology can spread, account for factors beyond the aggregating protein, such as declining protein homeostasis with age, and understand the differences between model systems and human disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Four aspects by which to classify neurodegenerative diseases are proposed.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Aggregates in health and inflammation are important factors.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Prion-like spreading classification is not sufficient to capture the necessary nuance.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Different diseases and model systems are dominated by different aspects.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world lecanemab adoption in Japan 1 year after launch: Insights from 311 specialists on infrastructure and reimbursement barriers","authors":"Kenichiro Sato,&nbsp;Yoshiki Niimi,&nbsp;Ryoko Ihara,&nbsp;Atsushi Iwata,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Nemoto,&nbsp;Tetsuaki Arai,&nbsp;Shinji Higashi,&nbsp;Ataru Igarashi,&nbsp;Kensaku Kasuga,&nbsp;Haruhiko Akiyama,&nbsp;Shuichi Awata,&nbsp;Manabu Ikeda,&nbsp;Takeshi Iwatsubo","doi":"10.1002/alz.70652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70652","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lecanemab was approved for early Alzheimer's disease in Japan, with ≈ 6000 patients treated in the first year post approval. This study explores real-world practices, challenges, and potential solutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an anonymized online survey of clinical specialists authorized to prescribe lecanemab, obtaining responses from 311 specialists who collectively treated 3259 patients with lecanemab.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A majority of respondents (79%) reported wait times of ≤ 3 months from first consultation to initial infusion. One fourth reported tight outpatient space and staffing and significantly lower capacity of treatment than anticipated. Safety concerns were limited, with amyloid imaging-related abnormality–related interruptions in 3.5%. More than half highly supported additional reimbursement for infusion-related services and insurance coverage for apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early access to lecanemab appears feasible, yet infrastructure and financial hurdles remain. Dedicated reimbursement and insurance coverage for <i>APOE</i> testing may be essential for ensuring safer, more accessible, and sustainable use of this therapy in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Results from an online survey of 311 Japanese specialists prescribing lecanemab in its first year are reported.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Majority of wait times from first consultation to initial infusion were 1 to 3 months.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Tight affordability of infusion space and staffing was reported by one quarter.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Establishing additional medical fee for infusion management was highly expected.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Reimbursement of apolipoprotein E test in Japanese health insurance system was also demanded.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engaging Chinese and Korean American communities in dementia research: A journey of inclusivity and partnership","authors":"Jing Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Qi,&nbsp;Mary S. Mittelman,&nbsp;Eunjung Ko,&nbsp;Yaolin Pei,&nbsp;I. Tek Leong,&nbsp;SungJi Park,&nbsp;Katherine Wang,&nbsp;Weiyu Mao,&nbsp;Cynthia Epstein,&nbsp;Bei Wu","doi":"10.1002/alz.70664","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70664","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; INTRODUCTION&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The New York University Caregiver Intervention plus Enhanced Support Project is a randomized controlled trial of a family-based psychosocial intervention to enhance social support and reduce cardiometabolic risk for Chinese and Korean American dementia caregivers, using culturally tailored recruitment strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We reviewed reflections from research staff, weekly meeting minutes, debriefing sessions, and progress reports, to identify key challenges and approaches to engaging participants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Key challenges included reluctance to involve family members, dementia stigma, and resistance to involving family. In response, we engaged online communities, partnered with local organizations, participated in events, and adapted recruitment messages to cultural norms. For the Chinese community, we focused on practical skills while for the Korean community, we emphasized caregiving strategies and the personal/social benefits of participation, reducing rejection rates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; DISCUSSION&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our findings underscore the importance of culturally tailored recruitment strategies in dementia research. Respectful, sensitive, and culturally informed approaches can significantly enhance engagement and participation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Highlights&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Culturally adapted recruitment strategies improve study engagement with Chinese and Korean American dementia caregivers.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Community partnerships with local social services agencies are essential for recruitment success.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Culturally relevant social media applications were integrated to increase accessibility for study participants.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;This study uniquely targets and recruits Chinese and Korean American dementia caregivers with metabolic syndrome-related symptoms, incorporating a psychological intervention alongside biomarker data collection.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;The iterative adaptation of recruitment methods and tailored messaging to specific ethnic groups ensure the intervention is culturally aligned, enhancing both participation and relevance to the caregivers’ unique health and caregiving contexts.&lt;/l","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid and regional arterial stiffness and dementia-related imaging biomarkers in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","authors":"Sheina Emrani,&nbsp;Jordan Tanley,&nbsp;Christopher L. Schaich,&nbsp;Sanjiv Shah,&nbsp;Alain G. Bertoni,&nbsp;Claudia Korcarz,&nbsp;Susan R. Heckbert,&nbsp;Mohamad Habes,&nbsp;Samuel N. Lockhart,&nbsp;Julio A. Chirinos,&nbsp;Jingzhong Ding,&nbsp;James H. Stein,&nbsp;Adam D. Gepner,&nbsp;R. Nick Bryan,&nbsp;Ilya M. Nasrallah,&nbsp;José A. Luchsinger,&nbsp;Kathleen M. Hayden,&nbsp;Yongmei Liu,&nbsp;Timothy M. Hughes","doi":"10.1002/alz.70688","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70688","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; INTRODUCTION&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Arterial stiffness measured within various arterial beds may be differentially associated with neuroimaging biomarkers of dementia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We related carotid and regional (cardio-ankle vascular index [CAVI] and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity [haPWV]) arterial stiffness measures to biomarkers (gray matter volume [GMV], white matter hyperintensity volume [WMHV], and fractional anisotropy [WMFA]) and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) positivity (centiloid &gt; 12.2), controlling for covariates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;All arterial stiffness measures were associated with higher WMHV. Lower carotid distensibility (increased mechanical stress) was positively associated with WMFA, while Young's elastic modulus and haPWV (greater stiffness) were associated with lower WMFA. Only CAVI was significantly related to amyloid PET positivity, although similar effect sizes were observed for carotid measures. No main associations were observed with GMV. Significant interactions showed men and Black and Hispanic participants had stronger associations between carotid stiffness and GMV.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; CONCLUSIONS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Carotid stiffness measures were associated with WM injury while regional CAVI measures were associated with amyloid positivity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Highlights&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;We studied differences between carotid ultrasound and regional (cardio-ankle vascular index [CAVI] and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity [haPWV]) measures of arterial stiffness and neuroimaging abnormalities (white matter changes and amyloid positron emission tomography [PET] positivity) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a diverse cohort of older adults.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Carotid measures were associated with white matter injury, demonstrated usingwhite matter hyperintensity volume and white matter fractional anisotropy, and were not associated with amyloid PET positivity.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Regional measures had variable relationships with white matter injury and CAVI, and in particular, were associated with amyloid deposition.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Black and Hispanic participants had significant associations between arterial stiffness measures and brain volume that were not ","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Natural language processing-based classification of early Alzheimer's disease from connected speech”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/alz.70827","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70827","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Balabin H, Tamm B, Spruyt L, et al. Natural language processing-based classification of early Alzheimer's disease from connected speech. <i>Alzheimers Dement</i>. 2025;21(2):e14530.</p><p>In Table 1, the table header information was incorrect. The table header should list “<i>n</i> = 63” for the “Amyloid-” column, “<i>n</i> = 14” for the “Amyloid+” column and “<i>n</i> = 37” for the “AD patients” column.</p><p>Table 1\u0000\u0000 </p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elecsys CSF AD immunoassays: Sample stability for a new pre-analytical protocol for fresh CSF","authors":"Ekaterina Manuilova,&nbsp;Isabelle Schrurs,&nbsp;Sandra Rutz,&nbsp;Silja McIlwrick,&nbsp;Oliver Goldhardt,&nbsp;Patrick Sommer,&nbsp;Timo Grimmer","doi":"10.1002/alz.70797","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70797","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ42), tau phosphorylated at threonine-181 (p-tau181), and total tau (t-tau) are cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We prospectively examined storage time, temperature, and freeze/thaw effects on Aβ42, p-tau181, and t-tau stability in fresh CSF samples using Elecsys^® CSF immunoassays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All three biomarkers were stable at 2–8°C for ≤15 days, and −25°C to −15°C for ≤8 weeks, and after one freeze/thaw cycle. p-Tau181 and t-tau were also stable at 15–25°C for ≤8 days and at −25°C to −15°C for 12–15 weeks. Aβ42 recovery declined slightly after storage at 15–25°C for ≤8 days and −25°C to −15°C for 12–15 weeks, and one freeze/thaw cycle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For optimal immunoassay performance, it is recommended to store CSF samples at 15–25°C for ≤5 days, 2–8°C for ≤15 days, and −25°C to −15°C for ≤8 weeks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers aid in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fresh CSF stored at 15–25°C for ≤5 days is optimal for Elecsys CSF immunoassays.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fresh CSF stored at 2–8°C for ≤15 days is optimal for Elecsys CSF immunoassays.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fresh CSF stored at −25°C to −15°C for ≤8 weeks is optimal for Elecsys CSF immunoassays.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of metabolic syndrome in Down syndrome and association with dementia","authors":"Dina Dass,&nbsp;Lam-Ha T. Dang,&nbsp;Laura Xicota,&nbsp;Sharon Krinsky-McHale,&nbsp;Balaji Kannappan,&nbsp;Adam M. Brickman,&nbsp;Bradley T. Christian,&nbsp;Elizabeth Head,&nbsp;Sid E. O'Bryant,&nbsp;Mark Mapstone,&nbsp;Benjamin Handen,&nbsp;Karen Marder,&nbsp;Joseph H. Lee,&nbsp;Alzheimer Biomarker Consortium – Down syndrome (ABC-DS)","doi":"10.1002/alz.70799","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70799","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the neurotypical population, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, this has not been well studied in adults with Down syndrome (DS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of MetS and its subcomponents was examined in adults with DS using the Alzheimer Biomarkers Consortium – Down Syndrome data (ABC-DS, <i>N</i> = 389). Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between MetS and AD at baseline visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevalence of MetS, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was low with DS, even though the prevalence of obesity was elevated. Obesity was positively associated with AD in adults with DS (odds ratio = 2.79, <i>P </i>= 0.021), but there was no association between MetS and AD in DS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of MetS was low in adults with DS. Although MetS was not associated with AD, obesity, a subcomponent of MetS, was associated with AD in adults with DS. This may inform targeted treatments in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There was a low prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults with Down syndrome (DS).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Overall MetS was not associated with dementia in adults with DS.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Obesity, a subcomponent of MetS, had a high prevalence in adults with DS.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Obesity was positively associated with dementia in adults with DS.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of regional white matter hyperintensity patterns on cognitive trajectories in NACC","authors":"Lindsay J. Rotblatt,&nbsp;Lauren Edwards,&nbsp;Fareshte Erani,&nbsp;Caitlin M. Terao,&nbsp;Katherine J. Bangen,&nbsp;Kelsey R. Thomas","doi":"10.1002/alz.70764","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70764","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are a biomarker of small vessel cerebrovascular changes that can emerge early in Alzheimer's disease. While global WMHs correlate with cognitive decline, the impact of regional WMHs remains understudied. We examined associations of regional WMH distributions with longitudinal cognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort participants (<i>n </i>= 1047; cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, dementia) completed neuropsychological and neuroimaging assessments. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified baseline regional WMH patterns, and linear mixed-effects models assessed 2 year change in cognitive domain by cluster.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five WMH clusters emerged. Compared to those with low WMH burden, participants in the mild occipital and high parieto-occipital clusters had faster memory decline; mild fronto-parietal and high parieto-occipital clusters showed faster executive decline; and mild and high fronto-parietal and high parieto-occipital clusters had faster language decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regional WMH distributions showed distinct trajectories. Posterior WMHs were most associated with memory decline, while even mild WMHs accelerated decline in some domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hierarchical cluster analysis identified five white matter hyperintensity (WMH) patterns.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Posterior WMHs were most related to memory decline.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Mild frontal and elevated posterior patterns were associated with executive function decline.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Multiple WMH patterns were associated with language decline.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}