Alzheimer's & Dementia最新文献

{"title":"Social determinants of health and their impact on depression in family caregivers of those with dementia: The importance of intermediary determinants","authors":"Hannah Cho,&nbsp;Yeji Hwang","doi":"10.1002/alz.70325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70325","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dementia family caregivers face a significant burden due to the progressive nature of the disease, which places them at high risk for depression. Because a lack of information is available on the social determinants of health that impact depression, this study investigated this relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a secondary data analysis using the 2017 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) Round 11 and the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) Round 4, which included a nationally representative sample of American older adults and their family caregivers. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 528 family caregivers of persons living with dementia, ≈15.9% had depression. The final logistic regression model showed that intermediary determinants, such as living with a spouse/partner or utilizing a caregiver training program, lowered the likelihood of depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health care professionals should pay greater attention to these individuals, and caregiver training programs should be made widely accessible and available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Approximately 15.9% of dementia family caregivers had depression.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Family caregivers who were married or living with a partner were less likely to have depression.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Family caregivers involved in caregiving training programs were less likely to have depression.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiving at end-of-life: How do family structure and dementia status impact antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions among families?","authors":"Eli Iacob,&nbsp;Mike Hollingshaus,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Utz,&nbsp;Djin L. Tay,&nbsp;Katherine A. Ornstein,&nbsp;Rachael Alexander,&nbsp;Pamela Barrientos,&nbsp;Lee Ellington,&nbsp;Mike Newman,&nbsp;Tom Belnap,&nbsp;Amy M. Cizik,&nbsp;Ken R. Smith,&nbsp;Huong D. Meeks,&nbsp;Caroline E. Stephens","doi":"10.1002/alz.14590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14590","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; INTRODUCTION&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;End-of-life (EOL) caregiving is associated with stress and burden, especially for persons with dementia. Little is known, however, about how dementia diagnosis, family structure, and co-residence influence the prevalence of antidepressants and anxiolytics (psychiatric prescriptions) among spouses and adult children during EOL caregiving.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This was a retrospective cohort study of spouses (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 82,321) and adult children (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 367,888) linked to decedents with (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 35,482) and without dementia (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 121,548) between 1998 and 2016. Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined differences in prescription rates by decedent dementia status and family characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Decedents’ dementia status was associated with increased odds of psychiatric prescription for all family members (wives: odds ratio [OR] = 1.22 [1.13–1.31]; husbands: OR = 1.15 [1.00–1.32]; sons: OR = 1.01 [1.01–1.14]; daughters: OR = 1.05 [1.01–1.10]). Co-residence with the decedent reduced odds of prescriptions for daughters (OR = 0.78 [0.72–0.84]) and sons (OR = 0.73 [0.66–0.81]).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; DISCUSSION&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Dementia status, family structure, and co-residence may serve as useful indicators for assessing psychosocial needs, allowing health-care professionals to better identify and support families during EOL caregiving.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Highlights&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions may be influenced by the availability, proximity, and structure of family associated with persons with dementia; therefore, assessing family dynamics is essential in holistic dementia care.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Family caregivers of individuals with dementia were more likely than non-dementia caregivers to have a psychiatric prescription in the year leading up to the decedent's death. Findings underscore the added stress of dementia end-of-life (EOL) care and the need for greater support during this critical pre-death period.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;Families in which children co-resided with the decedent and those with more available members generally had lower odds of receiving psychiatric prescriptions. This suggests that family structure, living arrangements, and avail","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to “Comment on ‘Independent associations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias’ ”","authors":"Erin L. Ferguson,&nbsp;Thomas J. Hoffmann,&nbsp;Akinyemi Oni-Orisan,&nbsp;Neil Risch,&nbsp;Ronald M. Krauss,&nbsp;Catherine A. Schaefer,&nbsp;Maria Glymour","doi":"10.1002/alz.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70234","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We thank Dr. Lin for their thoughtful comments on our manuscript, which evaluated independent associations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides with dementia risk.<span>¹</span> In addition to recognizing the clinical relevance of our work, they raised five points related to limitations and future directions. We address each point in turn.</p><p>First, as noted in our manuscript, we agree that this study is susceptible to unmeasured confounding, and this possibility must temper any causal inferences about the effect of cholesterol on dementia risk. While factors like frailty may confound these relationships, it is likely that these types of confounders would affect all types of cholesterol (HDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and triglycerides) similarly. We therefore consider it notable that HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides were estimated to have <i>different</i> associations with dementia risk, suggesting observed associations are unlikely to be entirely attributable to unmeasured confounders with similar effects across the lipid types.</p><p>Second, the present manuscript uses an average of all cholesterol measurements over a 2-year period. We previously showed that using a single versus average measure of LDL-C and HDL-C did not meaningfully change estimates.<span>²</span> We agree that our paper did not evaluate longer-term changes in cholesterol. This is a different, important research question addressed in some other studies.<span>^{3, 4}</span></p><p>Third, statins are not likely to be a major mediator between HDL-C or triglycerides and dementia risk. Statins largely affect LDL-C, which we have shown is not associated with dementia risk.<span>²</span> It is unlikely that patients would receive statins because of low HDL-C or high triglycerides alone.</p><p>Fourth, while outside the scope of the present work, we agree there is potential for effect modification by cardiometabolic markers.</p><p>Fifth, we presented results for residualized lipid measures to better address internal validity. We also presented estimates for transformed (but not residualized) HDL-C and triglycerides in Tables S3 and S7.</p><p>In conclusion, our paper found that low levels of HDL-C and triglycerides in late-life were each independently associated with dementia risk. Additionally, high levels of HDL-C were not associated with dementia risk after adjusting for triglycerides. Clinical interventions targeting low HDL-C and triglycerides could be important for dementia prevention if these relationships are causal.</p><p>The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Author disclosures are available in supporting information.</p>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous treatment effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is on risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes: Insights from a real-world target trial emulation","authors":"Huilin Tang,&nbsp;William T. Donahoo,&nbsp;Steven T. DeKosky,&nbsp;Yao An Lee,&nbsp;Pareeta Kotecha,&nbsp;Mikael Svensson,&nbsp;Jiang Bian,&nbsp;Jingchuan Guo","doi":"10.1002/alz.70313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70313","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This target trial emulation study included adults (≥ 50 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and newly prescribed a GLP-1RA, SGLT2i, or other second-line glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs). A doubly robust learning approach was deployed to estimate the risk difference (RD) of ADRD and identify key subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both GLP-1RAs (RD, −1.5%) and SGLT2is (−1.7%) were associated with a reduced ADRD risk compared to other GLDs. Key subgroups were determined based on cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), chronic kidney disease, and Hispanic ethnicity. Patients with CVD and CeVD had the greatest benefits from GLP-1RAs (−4.8%) and SGLT2is (−4.6%). No overall difference was observed between GLP-1RAs and SGLT2i.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest the importance of personalized treatment in diabetes management regarding ADRD risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were associated with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), while the protective association varied across subgroups defined by cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Similarly, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) were associated with a decreased risk of ADRD, with the protective association varying among subgroups defined by CVD, CeVD, and Hispanic ethnicity.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There was no difference between GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is in the risk of ADRD.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual defense: Opportunities and challenges of GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing dementia risk in type 2 diabetes!","authors":"Saman Adnan,&nbsp;Muniza Qureshi,&nbsp;Sania Arif,&nbsp;Kinza Fatima","doi":"10.1002/alz.70336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70336","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We read with great interest a recently published article titled “Glycated hemoglobin and body mass index as mediators of GLP-1RAs and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in patients with type 2 diabetes” by Tang et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; which used GLP 1RAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients over the age of 50 to analyze the effect on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) risk and body mass index (BMI)&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This study suggests that the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) lessened the risk of ADRD by 26% when compared to other second-line glucose-lowering medications, such as sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i), α-glucosidase inhibitors, or meglitinides. This reduction occurs majorly independent of the effects exerted on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and BMI.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;GLP-1RAs, also known as “incretin mimetics,” include medications such as exenatide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, which are utilized in the management of T2DM and for weight loss. These agents function by enhancing insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon through their interaction with GLP-1 receptors distributed throughout the body. Notably, the central nervous system (CNS) contains abundant GLP-1 receptors in regions associated with memory and learning.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; It is hypothesized that GLP-1RAs may engage these receptors to improve the survival outcome of neurons and potentially delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This new finding is particularly important for patients with T2DM, since according to a study, these patients exhibit a 56% heightened risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, a 73% risk of experiencing any form of dementia, and a 127% heightened risk of vascular dementia.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Additionally, dementia currently affects 55 million individuals worldwide, which is predicted to increase to almost 150 million by the year 2050.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A recent meta-analysis published in 2025 indicates a statistically significant correlation between GLP-1RAs and a decrease in dementia incidence,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; a finding that does not extend to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Furthermore, research conducted by Nørgaard et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; emphasizes the potential of GLP-1RAs to reduce the incidence of dementia in patients with T2DM and those with Alzheimer's disease, while also underscoring the necessity for further investigation in this domain.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Pakistan, approximately ∼150,000–200,000 people suffer from dementia, highlighting the impact of dementia and the importance of GLP-1Ras.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Despite the benefits, the use is limited mostly due to high costs and a lack of resource allocation by the government into healthcare resources. These ","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Effects of a ketogenic and low-fat diet on the human metabolome, microbiome, and foodome in adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/alz.14281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14281","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dilmore AH, Martino C, Neth BJ, et al. Effects of a ketogenic and low-fat diet on the human metabolome, microbiome, and foodome in adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. <i>Alzheimer's Dement</i>. 2023;4805-4816. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13007</p><p>The Conflict of Interest Statement is incomplete. The full Conflict of Interest Statement should be:</p><p>Rima Kaddurah-Daouk is an inventor of key patents in the field of metabolomics and holds equity in Metabolon, a biotech company in North Carolina. In addition, she holds patents licensed to Chymia LLC and PsyProtix with royalties and ownership, which is unrelated to this work. Pieter C. Dorrestein is on the scientific advisory board of Sirenas, Cybele Microbiome, and Galileo and is the founder and scientific advisor of Ometa Labs LLC and Enveda (with approval from UC San Diego). Rob Knight is a scientific advisory board member, and consultant for BiomeSense, Inc., has equity and receives income. He is a scientific advisory board member and has equity in GenCirq. He is a consultant and scientific advisory board member for DayTwo and receives income. He has equity in and acts as a consultant for Cybele. He is a co-founder of Biota, Inc., and has equity. He is a cofounder of Micronoma and has equity and is a scientific advisory board member. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Diego, in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutics in tauopathies: Proceedings of the Tau2024 Global Conference","authors":"Bess Frost,&nbsp;James B. Rowe,&nbsp;Rufus O. Akinyemi,&nbsp;Jose F. Abisambra,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Ashton,&nbsp;Matthias Brendel,&nbsp;Luc Buée,&nbsp;David Butler,&nbsp;Maria C. Carrillo,&nbsp;Peter Chung,&nbsp;Claire D. Clelland,&nbsp;Sarah L. DeVos,&nbsp;Kristophe Diaz,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Edelmayer,&nbsp;Fanny M. Elahi,&nbsp;Ratnavalli Ellajosyula,&nbsp;Colin Ewen,&nbsp;Igor Camargo Fontana,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Galas,&nbsp;Oskar Hansson,&nbsp;Günter Höglinger,&nbsp;Kanta Horie,&nbsp;Agustín Ibanez,&nbsp;Linde Jacobs,&nbsp;Mahmoud B. Maina,&nbsp;Maura Malpetti,&nbsp;Eric McDade,&nbsp;Will McEwan,&nbsp;Laia Montoliu-Gaya,&nbsp;Catherine J. Mummery,&nbsp;Miranda E. Orr,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Rohrer,&nbsp;Amy Rommel,&nbsp;Carlos Sastre,&nbsp;Tara L. Spires-Jones,&nbsp;Boon Lead Tee,&nbsp;Tim J. Viney,&nbsp;Jamie M. Walker,&nbsp;Susanne Wegmann,&nbsp;Kristin Wildsmith,&nbsp;Ravi Yadav,&nbsp;Simin Mahinrad,&nbsp;Claire Sexton","doi":"10.1002/alz.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent years have seen major advances in tau-associated brain disorders through interdisciplinary research spanning molecular biology, neuroimaging, clinical trials, and therapeutic development. The Tau2024 Global Conference, hosted by the Alzheimer's Association, CurePSP, and Rainwater Charitable Foundation, showcased these efforts by bringing together researchers and experts worldwide to discuss the latest advancements in tau research. The conference aimed to attract talent and funding to study tauopathies, particularly among early-career researchers, and to foster interdisciplinary alignment and collaboration around challenges in tau research. In this manuscript, we summarize proceedings of the Tau2024 Global Conference, covering a wide range of topics, including lived experiences of individuals with genetic forms of tauopathies, global perspectives on tauopathies, and molecular mechanisms, brain microenvironments, biomarker developments, clinical trials, and therapeutic approaches to tauopathies. Through international, collaborative efforts, innovative research, and a commitment to inclusivity, researchers worldwide have demonstrated transformative breakthroughs toward diagnosing, treating, and, ultimately, preventing tau-related diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The Tau2024 Global Conference presented updates and advances in tau research.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Blood-based biomarkers offer specificity and longitudinal monitoring capabilities.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There are a range of targetable mechanisms in the cascade of pathogenesis.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>International collaboration is vital to address disparities in tauopathies.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of lifestyle interventions for cognition in adults with low education","authors":"Daniel O. Clark,&nbsp;Huiping Xu,&nbsp;Christy C. Tangney,&nbsp;Annie W. Lin,&nbsp;Shannon L. Risacher,&nbsp;Andrew J. Saykin,&nbsp;Robert V. Considine,&nbsp;Holly J. Garringer,&nbsp;Lyndsi Moser,&nbsp;Amy Carter,&nbsp;Catherine M. Miller,&nbsp;Briana Sprague,&nbsp;Christopher M. Callahan,&nbsp;Frederick W. Unverzagt","doi":"10.1002/alz.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report the feasibility and cognitive outcomes of a stage 1b randomized trial testing 3 months of home-delivered high polyphenol snacks (e.g., nuts, berries) and online speed of processing training among older adults with 12 or fewer years of education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred eighty participants were randomized to polyphenol-rich snacks and online cognitive training, polyphenol snacks and online control games, control snacks and cognitive training, or control snacks and control games. The outcomes were feasibility of recruitment, retention, and adherence (RRA) and change in a cognitive composite score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Feasibility goals for RRA were met. Improvements in the cognitive score were evident in all groups (effect sizes ranged from 0.15–0.35) but improvements did not differ significantly between arms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dementia prevention trials with longer intervention and follow-up focused on adults with limited formal education should be considered given the observed cognitive gains in those with elevated risk.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03419052).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The study focused on adults with low education; a group with a high risk for cognitive decline.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Two interventions were tested in a randomized trial design that included two controls.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Nutrition intervention was designed with input from adults with limited education.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Primary outcome: A cognitive composite score was formed from five established cognitive tests.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The study establishes the feasibility of dementia prevention targeting adults with low education.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated plasma p-tau217 measurements to monitor clinical progression heterogeneity","authors":"Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom,&nbsp;Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz,&nbsp;Sinthujah Vigneswaran,&nbsp;Geir Bråthen,&nbsp;Ragnhild Eide Skogseth,&nbsp;Berglind Gísladóttir,&nbsp;Peter Harrison,&nbsp;Jonas Alexander Jarholm,&nbsp;Lene Pålhaugen,&nbsp;Arvid Rongve,&nbsp;Per Selnes,&nbsp;Betty Tjims,&nbsp;Michael Turton,&nbsp;Argonde C. Van Harten,&nbsp;Knut Waterloo,&nbsp;Henrik Zetterberg,&nbsp;Tormod Fladby,&nbsp;Kaj Blennow","doi":"10.1002/alz.70319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70319","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heterogeneity of clinical progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) complicates the assessment of disease progression and treatment effects in trials. This study evaluates the potential of plasma phosphorylated tau-217 (p-tau217) to capture this heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used k-means clustering to analyze cognitive trajectories in amyloid beta –positive (Aβ+) cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants from two independent cohorts. Cohort 1 included 186 participants (71 CN, 115 MCI; 507 observations) and Cohort 2 included 207 participants (64 CN, 144 MCI; 781 observations), both with up to 10 years of follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three progression clusters emerged in both cohorts: stable cognition, slow decline, and rapid decline—each including cases initially classified as CN or MCI. Baseline plasma p-tau217 was linked to progression risk in both cohorts, whereas longitudinal increases in Cohort 1 were steepest in rapid decliners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma p-tau217 may aid in capturing clinical heterogeneity and support stratification and monitoring of disease progression in clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>k-Means found stable, slow, and rapid cognitive decline clusters in amyloid beta–positive (Aβ+) cases.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Higher baseline plasma phosphorylated tau-217 (p-tau217) levels predicted faster cognitive decline.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Longitudinal increases in plasma p-tau217 were steepest in rapid decliners.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Plasma p-tau217 tracks clinical progression heterogeneity in Aβ+ cases.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cognitive stage and amyloid alone may miss severity and risk in early-stage Alzheimer's disease.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the confounders influencing the relationships linking socioeconomic factors and cognitive performance with family history of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias","authors":"Jun He,&nbsp;Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza,&nbsp;Eleni Friligkou,&nbsp;Adam P. Mecca,&nbsp;Christopher H. van Dyck,&nbsp;Gita A. Pathak,&nbsp;Renato Polimanti","doi":"10.1002/alz.70215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70215","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited information is available regarding sex differences in the relationship of socioeconomic status and cognitive performance with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) family history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leveraging the UK Biobank (<i>N</i> = 448,100) and All of Us Research Program (<i>N</i> = 240,319), we conducted observational and genetically informed analyses to test the sex-specific associations of socioeconomic factors and cognitive performance with ADRD and its family history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational and genetically informed analyses highlighted that higher socioeconomic status and cognitive performance were associated with reduced ADRD and sibling–ADRD family history. Conversely, these were associated with increased parent-ADRD family history. Sex differences in these relationships were also identified. Additionally, although their sample size was limited, population minorities showed different patterns with respect to ADRD versus parent–ADRD family history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights sex differences in the misestimated associations of ADRD family history that appear to be related to socioeconomic factors and cognitive performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Alzheimer's disease family history is differently linked to socioeconomic factors.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Observational and genetic analyses highlighted sex differences in these dynamics.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cause–effect relationships could contribute to biases in Alzheimer's disease assessment.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}