Alzheimer's & Dementia最新文献

{"title":"Head-to-head comparison of leading blood tests for Alzheimer's disease pathology","authors":"Suzanne E. Schindler,&nbsp;Kellen K. Petersen,&nbsp;Benjamin Saef,&nbsp;Duygu Tosun,&nbsp;Leslie M. Shaw,&nbsp;Henrik Zetterberg,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Dage,&nbsp;Kyle Ferber,&nbsp;Gallen Triana-Baltzer,&nbsp;Lei Du-Cuny,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Janaky Coomaraswamy,&nbsp;Michael Baratta,&nbsp;Yulia Mordashova,&nbsp;Ziad S. Saad,&nbsp;David L. Raunig,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Ashton,&nbsp;Emily A. Meyers,&nbsp;Carrie E. Rubel,&nbsp;Erin G. Rosenbaugh,&nbsp;Anthony W. Bannon,&nbsp;William Z. Potter,&nbsp;Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Biomarkers Consortium Plasma Aβ and Phosphorylated Tau as Predictors of Amyloid and Tau Positivity in Alzheimer's Disease Project Team","doi":"10.1002/alz.14315","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14315","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood tests have the potential to improve the accuracy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical diagnosis, which will enable greater access to AD-specific treatments. This study compared leading commercial blood tests for amyloid pathology and other AD-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma samples from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were assayed with AD blood tests from C2N Diagnostics, Fujirebio Diagnostics, ALZPath, Janssen, Roche Diagnostics, and Quanterix. Outcomes measures were amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, cortical thickness, and dementia severity. Logistic regression models assessed the classification accuracies of individual or combined plasma biomarkers for binarized outcomes, and Spearman correlations evaluated continuous relationships between individual plasma biomarkers and continuous outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measures of plasma p-tau217, either individually or in combination with other plasma biomarkers, had the strongest relationships with all AD outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified the plasma biomarker analytes and assays that most accurately classified amyloid pathology and other AD-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Plasma p-tau217 measures most accurately classified amyloid and tau status.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 had relatively low accuracy in classification of amyloid status.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Plasma p-tau217 measures had higher correlations with cortical thickness than NfL.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Correlations of plasma biomarkers with dementia symptoms were relatively low.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8074-8096"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External validation of dementia prediction models in Black or African American and White older adults: A longitudinal population-based study in the United States","authors":"Klodian Dhana,&nbsp;Lisa L. Barnes,&nbsp;Todd Beck,&nbsp;Anisa Dhana,&nbsp;Xiaoran Liu,&nbsp;Pankaja Desai,&nbsp;Ted K. S. Ng,&nbsp;Denis A. Evans,&nbsp;Kumar B. Rajan","doi":"10.1002/alz.14280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying people at high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia allows for timely intervention, which, if successful, will result in preventing or delaying the onset of the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP; <i>n</i> = 2130), we externally evaluated four risk-prediction models for AD dementia, including Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE), Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI), Brief Dementia Screening Indicator (BDSI), and Dementia Risk Score (DRS), in Black or African American and White adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BDSI had the highest discriminate abilities for AD dementia (c-statistics of 0.79 in Black and 0.77 in White adults), followed by ANU-ADRI, within the age range and follow-up period of the original development cohort. CAIDE had the lowest discriminating power (c-statistic ≤0.55). With increasing follow-up periods (i.e., 10–15 years), the discrimination abilities for all models declined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Because of racial disparities in AD dementia and longer preclinical and prodromal stages of disease development, race-specific models are needed to predict AD risk over 10 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Utilizing risk-prediction models to identify individuals at higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia could benefit clinicians, patients, and policymakers. Clinicians could enroll high-risk individuals in clinical trials to test new risk-modifiable treatments or initiate lifestyle modifications, which, if successful, would slow cognitive decline and delay the onset of the disease.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Current risk-prediction models had good discriminative power during the first 6 years of follow-up but decreased with longer follow-up time.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Acknowledging the longer preclinical phase of AD dementia development and racial differences in dementia risk, there is a need to develop race-specific risk-prediction models that can predict 10 or 20 years of risk for AD and related dementias.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"7913-7922"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multilayer network analysis of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: Roles for p-tau, synaptic peptides, and physical activity","authors":"Andrea A. Jones,&nbsp;Alfredo Ramos-Miguel,&nbsp;Kristina M. Gicas,&nbsp;Vladislav A. Petyuk,&nbsp;Sue E. Leurgans,&nbsp;Philip L. De Jager,&nbsp;Julie A. Schneider,&nbsp;David A. Bennett,&nbsp;William G. Honer,&nbsp;Kaitlin B. Casaletto","doi":"10.1002/alz.14286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14286","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the aging brain, cognitive abilities emerge from the coordination of complex pathways arising from a balance between protective lifestyle and environmental factors and accumulation of neuropathologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As part of the Rush Memory and Aging Project (<i>n</i> = 440), we measured accelerometer-based actigraphy, cognitive performance, and after brain autopsy, selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. Multilevel network analysis was used to examine the relationships among the molecular machinery of vesicular neurotransmission, Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology, cognition, and late-life physical activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Synaptic peptides involved in neuronal secretory function were the most influential contributors to the multilayer network, reflecting the complex interdependencies among AD pathology, synaptic processes, and late-life cognition. Older adults with lower physical activity evidenced stronger adverse relationships among phosphorylated tau peptides, markers of synaptic integrity, and tangle pathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Network-based approaches simultaneously model interdependent biological processes and advance understanding of the role of physical activity in age-associated cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Network-based approaches simultaneously model interdependent biological processes.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Secretory synaptic peptides were influential contributors to the multilayer network.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Older adults with lower physical activity had adverse relationships among pathology.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There was interdependence among phosphorylated tau, synaptic integrity, and tangles.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Network methods elucidate the role of physical activity in cognitive impairment.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8012-8027"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amyloid PET detects the deposition of brain Aβ earlier than CSF fluid biomarkers","authors":"Val J. Lowe,&nbsp;Carly T. Mester,&nbsp;Emily S. Lundt,&nbsp;Jeyeon Lee,&nbsp;Sujala Ghatamaneni,&nbsp;Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich,&nbsp;Michelle R. Campbell,&nbsp;Jonathan Graff-Radford,&nbsp;Aivi Nguyen,&nbsp;Hoon-Ki Min,&nbsp;Matthew L. Senjem,&nbsp;Mary M. Machulda,&nbsp;Christopher G. Schwarz,&nbsp;Dennis W. Dickson,&nbsp;Melissa E. Murray,&nbsp;Karunya K. Kandimalla,&nbsp;Kejal Kantarci,&nbsp;Bradley Boeve,&nbsp;Prashanthi Vemuri,&nbsp;David T. Jones,&nbsp;David Knopman,&nbsp;Clifford R. Jack Jr.,&nbsp;Ronald C. Petersen,&nbsp;Michelle M. Mielke","doi":"10.1002/alz.14317","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14317","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the relationship between amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) and Aβ cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers will define their potential utility in Aβ treatment. Few population-based or neuropathologic comparisons have been reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants 50+ years with Aβ PET and Aβ CSF biomarkers (phosphorylated tau [p-tau]181/Aβ42, <i>n</i> = 505, and Aβ42/40, <i>n</i> = 54) were included from the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging. From these participants, an autopsy subgroup was identified (<i>n</i> = 47). The relationships of Aβ PET and Aβ CSF biomarkers were assessed cross-sectionally in all participants and longitudinally in autopsy data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectionally, more participants were Aβ PET+ versus Aβ CSF− than Aβ PET− versus Aβ CSF+ with an incremental effect when using Aβ PET regions selected for early Aβ deposition. The sensitivity for the first detection of Thal phase ≥ 1 in longitudinal data was higher for Aβ PET (89%) than p-tau181/Aβ42 (64%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aβ PET can detect earlier cortical Aβ deposition than Aβ CSF biomarkers. Aβ PET+ versus Aβ CSF− findings are several-fold greater using regional Aβ PET analyses and in peri-threshold-standardized uptake value ratio participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) has greater sensitivity for Aβ deposition than Aβ cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in early Aβ development.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A population-based sample of participants (<i>n</i> = 505) with PET and CSF tests was used.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cortical regions showing early Aβ on Aβ PET were also used in these analyses.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Neuropathology was used to validate detection of Aβ by Aβ PET and Aβ CSF biomarkers.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8097-8112"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.14317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APOE ε4 carrier status moderates the effect of lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve","authors":"Deirdre M. O'Shea,&nbsp;Andrea S. Zhang,&nbsp;Katana Rader,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Shakour,&nbsp;Lilah Besser,&nbsp;James E. Galvin","doi":"10.1002/alz.14304","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14304","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the role of lifestyle factors in cognitive reserve among older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) <i>ε</i>4 status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) were analyzed. Cognitive reserve was estimated using residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests after accounting for brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Lifestyle factors included education, occupational attainment, physical activity, social engagement, diet, and mindfulness. Structural equation models were conducted to assess interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant interactions were found between <i>APOE ε</i>4 status and mindfulness and social engagement on cognitive reserve, indicating stronger associations for <i>APOE ε</i>4 carriers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>APOE ε</i>4 carriers may benefit more from certain lifestyle factors, potentially through stress reduction and anti-inflammatory pathways. These findings support integrating <i>APOE ε</i>4 genetic screening into personalized prevention strategies to enhance interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function and delaying dementia onset in at-risk populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Mindfulness and social engagement have increased cognitive reserve in <i>APOE ε</i>4 carriers.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Study uses residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests to estimate cognitive reserve.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><i>APOE ε</i>4 carriers show stronger associations with certain lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Personalized interventions could enhance cognitive resilience in genetically at-risk populations.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Comprehensive assessment of multiple lifestyle factors highlights targeted intervention benefits.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8062-8073"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microglial responses partially mediate the effect of Aβ on cognition in Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Lasse S. Madsen,&nbsp;Rola Ismail,&nbsp;Peter Parbo,&nbsp;Pernille L. Kjeldsen,&nbsp;Jeppe L. Schaldemose,&nbsp;Kim V. Hansen,&nbsp;Hanne Gottrup,&nbsp;Joel Aanerud,&nbsp;Simon F. Eskildsen,&nbsp;David J. Brooks","doi":"10.1002/alz.14298","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14298","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microglial responses are an integral part of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and are associated with amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Aβ and microglial responses on global cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this longitudinal study, 28 patients with mild cognitive impairment and 11 healthy controls underwent ¹¹C-PK11195 and ¹¹C-Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PET), structural magnetic resonance imaging scans, and global cognitive ratings at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Correlations between PET uptake and global cognition were assessed. Additionally, the mediation effect of the microglial response on the association between Aβ load and global cognition was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aβ load and the microglial response were both independently detrimental to global cognitive performance at baseline; however, at 2-year follow-up the association between Aβ load and global cognitive ratings was partially mediated by the microglial response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As AD progresses, the associated microglial response partially mediates the detrimental effect of aggregated Aβ on cognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>This was a longitudinal study of amyloid beta (Aβ), microglial responses, and global cognitive performance.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Aβ and microglial responses both affect cognition in early Alzheimer's disease.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Microglial response partially mediates the effect of Aβ on cognition in later stages.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8028-8037"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and validation of face de-identification (de-facing) in ADNI4","authors":"Christopher G. Schwarz,&nbsp;Mark Choe,&nbsp;Stephanie Rossi,&nbsp;Sandhitsu R. Das,&nbsp;Ranjit Ittyerah,&nbsp;Evan Fletcher,&nbsp;Pauline Maillard,&nbsp;Baljeet Singh,&nbsp;Danielle J. Harvey,&nbsp;Ian B. Malone,&nbsp;Lloyd Prosser,&nbsp;Matthew L. Senjem,&nbsp;Leonard C. Matoush,&nbsp;Chadwick P. Ward,&nbsp;Carl M. Prakaashana,&nbsp;Susan M. Landau,&nbsp;Robert A. Koeppe,&nbsp;JiaQie Lee,&nbsp;Charles DeCarli,&nbsp;Michael W. Weiner,&nbsp;Clifford R. Jack Jr.,&nbsp;William J. Jagust,&nbsp;Paul A. Yushkevich,&nbsp;Duygu Tosun,&nbsp;for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1002/alz.14303","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14303","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent technological advances have increased the risk that de-identified brain images could be re-identified from face imagery. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a leading source of publicly available de-identified brain imaging, who quickly acted to protect participants’ privacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An independent expert committee evaluated 11 face-deidentification (“de-facing”) methods and selected four for formal testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effects of de-facing on brain measurements were comparable across methods and sufficiently small to recommend de-facing in ADNI. The committee ultimately recommended <i>mri_reface</i> for advantages in reliability, and for some practical considerations. ADNI leadership approved the committee's recommendation, beginning in ADNI4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ADNI4 de-faces all applicable brain images before subsequent pre-processing, analyses, and public release. Trained analysts inspect de-faced images to confirm complete face removal and complete non-modification of brain. This paper details the history of the algorithm selection process and extensive validation, then describes the production workflows for de-facing in ADNI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>ADNI is implementing “de-facing” of MRI and PET beginning in ADNI4.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>“De-facing” alters face imagery in brain images to help protect privacy.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Four algorithms were extensively compared for ADNI and mri_reface was chosen.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Validation confirms mri_reface is robust and effective for ADNI sequences.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Validation confirms mri_reface negligibly affects ADNI brain measurements.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"8048-8061"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognition in (pre)symptomatic Dutch-type hereditary and sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy","authors":"Rosemarie van Dort,&nbsp;Kanishk Kaushik,&nbsp;Ingeborg Rasing,&nbsp;Reinier G. J. van der Zwet,&nbsp;Manon R. Schipper,&nbsp;Jeroen van der Grond,&nbsp;Sanneke van Rooden,&nbsp;Erik W. van Zwet,&nbsp;Gisela M. Terwindt,&nbsp;Huub A. M. Middelkoop,&nbsp;Ellen P. Hart,&nbsp;Matthias J. P. van Osch,&nbsp;Marianne A. A. van Walderveen,&nbsp;Marieke J. H. Wermer","doi":"10.1002/alz.14171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.14171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a main cause of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. We investigated specific cognitive profiles, cognitive function in the stage before intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) burden in CAA because data on these topics are limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included Dutch-type hereditary CAA (D-CAA) mutation carriers with and without ICH, patients with sporadic CAA (sCAA), and age-matched controls. Cognition was measured with a standardized test battery. Linear regression was performed to assess the association between MRI-cSVD burden and cognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>D-CAA ICH− mutation carriers exhibited poorer global cognition and executive function compared to age-matched controls. Patients with sCAA performed worse across all cognitive domains compared to D-CAA ICH+ mutation carriers and age-matched controls. MRI-cSVD burden is associated with decreased processing speed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CAA is associated with dysfunction in multiple cognitive domains, even before ICH, with increased MRI-cSVD burden being associated with slower processing speed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cognitive dysfunction is present in early disease stages of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) before the occurrence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Presymptomatic Dutch-type CAA (D-CAA) mutation carriers show worse cognition than age-matched controls.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>More early awareness of cognitive dysfunction in CAA before first sICH is needed.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Increased cerebral small vessel disease CAA-burden on magnetic resonance imaging is linked to a decrease in processing speed.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"7518-7528"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of brief olfactory and cognitive assessments to neuroimaging biomarkers in the prediction of cognitive decline and dementia in the MCSA cohort","authors":"Davangere P. Devanand, Seonjoo Lee, José A. Luchsinger, David Knopman, Maria Vassilaki, Jeffrey N. Motter","doi":"10.1002/alz.14261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14261","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONWe evaluated impaired odor identification and global cognition as simple, cost‐effective alternatives to neuroimaging biomarkers to predict cognitive decline and dementia in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.METHODSSix hundred forty‐seven participants (mean 8.1, standard deviation 3.4 years’ follow‐up) had the following baseline procedures: modified Blessed Information Memory Concentration Test (BIMCT), 12‐item Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT), structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 11C‐Pittsburgh compound B (11C‐PiB) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG; subset).RESULTSCognitive decline developed in 102 participants and dementia in 34 participants. In survival analyses, PiB PET showed robust prediction for cognitive decline. Impaired BSIT, impaired BIMCT, MRI, and FDG measures were also significant predictors. The combination of demographics + BSIT + BIMCT showed strong predictive utility (C‐index 0.81), similar to demographics + PiB PET (C‐index 0.80). Similar but stronger results were obtained for prediction of dementia.DISCUSSIONImpairment in both odor identification test and global cognition was comparable to PiB PET for predicting cognitive decline and dementia.Highlights<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item>In 647 participants in the population‐based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, several clinical markers and biomarkers each predicted cognitive decline or dementia during an average 8 years of follow‐up.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>The combination of the demographic variables of age, sex, and education with a brief odor identification test (BSIT) and a global cognitive test (Blessed Information Memory Concentration Test) showed strong predictive utility (C‐index 0.81) for cognitive decline that was similar to the demographic variables combined with Pittsburgh Compound B amyloid imaging (C‐index 0.80).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Combining a brief odor identification test with a brief cognitive test needs consideration as a simple, cost‐effective option in the clinical assessment of individuals at risk of cognitive decline and dementia, as well as a potential tool to identify individuals who may benefit from disease‐modifying treatments and to screen participants for prevention trials.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifiable dementia risk factors associated with objective and subjective cognition","authors":"Anna Marie Rosická,&nbsp;Vanessa Teckentrup,&nbsp;Sol Fittipaldi,&nbsp;Agustin Ibanez,&nbsp;Andrew Pringle,&nbsp;Eoghan Gallagher,&nbsp;Anna Kathleen Hanlon,&nbsp;Nathalie Claus,&nbsp;Cathal McCrory,&nbsp;Brian Lawlor,&nbsp;Lorina Naci,&nbsp;Claire M. Gillan","doi":"10.1002/alz.13885","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alz.13885","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early detection of both objective and subjective cognitive impairment is important. Subjective complaints in healthy individuals can precede objective deficits. However, the differential associations of objective and subjective cognition with modifiable dementia risk factors are unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> METHODS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We gathered a large cross-sectional sample (<i>N</i> = 3327, age 18 to 84) via a smartphone app and quantified the associations of 13 risk factors with subjective memory problems and three objective measures of executive function (visual working memory, cognitive flexibility, model-based planning).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression, socioeconomic status, hearing handicap, loneliness, education, smoking, tinnitus, little exercise, small social network, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension were all associated with impairments in at least one cognitive measure. Subjective memory had the strongest link to most factors; these associations persisted after controlling for depression. Age mostly did not moderate these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subjective cognition was more sensitive to self-report risk factors than objective cognition. Smartphones could facilitate detecting the earliest cognitive impairments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Smartphone assessments of cognition were sensitive to dementia risk factors.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Subjective cognition had stronger links to most factors than did objective cognition.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>These associations were not fully explained by depression.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>These associations were largely consistent across the lifespan.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"20 11","pages":"7437-7452"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}