Microscopy (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Development of a specialized diamond knife for controlled notch introduction in ultrathin polymer films for in situ tensile transmission electron microscopy.","authors":"Akemi Kumagai, Hiroshi Jinnai","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfag031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In situ tensile testing in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a powerful tool for investigating polymer fracture at the nanoscale, but the stochastic nature of crack initiation has long hindered systematic observation. We report a specialized diamond knife, co-developed with Syntek Co., Ltd., that introduces a controlled V-shaped notch into a trimmed specimen block prior to cryo-ultramicrotomy. Ultrathin films (∼100 nm) of a copolymer film containing a well-defined notch were prepared and observed using in situ tensile TEM. Cracks initiated reproducibly from the notch tip and propagated predictably, providing new experimental control for nanoscale fracture studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148341204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vogel spiral-based tilt-scan averaging approach for robust and efficient diffraction contrast suppression in DPC STEM.","authors":"Ayumu Oyaizu, Satoko Toyama, Takehito Seki, Naoya Shibata","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfag030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We theoretically investigated how the arrangements of tilt points affect the suppression of diffraction contrast in tilt-scan-averaged differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (tDPC STEM). To examine the effectiveness of tilt-point arrangement, we compared three sampling patterns: conventional 4-fold, 6-fold symmetric concentric patterns and the Vogel spiral pattern based on Fermat's spiral with the golden angle. Multislice simulations were performed for GaN, GaAs, Si, and SrTiO3 crystals. Although all patterns approached similar converged values with sufficiently high tilt numbers, their convergence behaviors differed markedly. The concentric patterns exhibited non-monotonic decay and showed discrete fluctuations in residual diffraction contrast, whereas the Vogel spiral showed a smoother and more monotonic decrease over a wide range of tilt numbers. This behavior was consistently observed across the crystals with different crystal symmetries. These results show that rotationally asymmetric and uniformly distributed tilt sampling is advantageous for the robust diffraction-contrast suppression in DPC STEM, and identify the Vogel spiral as an effective tilt pattern for this purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of nanocrystals within lamellar structures of polyvinylidene fluoride using phase plate scanning transmission electron microscopy.","authors":"Mayu Togashi, Yuki Tanaka, Toshiki Shimizu, Hiromu Saito, Hiroki Minoda","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfag028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a polymer with excellent piezoelectric properties. The close relationship between structure and properties necessitates structural investigation. The PVDF structure has been investigated using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and polarized light microscopy. However, these methods only provide average structure information about the sample as a whole. To obtain local structure information, transmission electron microscopy should be used. Herein, the nanocrystals constituting the lamellar structure of heat-elongated PVDF were investigated using phase plate scanning transmission electron microscopy. Notably, the length of the nanocrystals increased with the increase in the elongation ratio, with no substantial change in its periodicity, and the nanocrystals exhibited a tendency to align with the lamellar structure orientation. This suggests that (1) the molecular chains within the nanocrystals elongate and tilt owing to the shear stress applied on them during elongation and (2) the entire lamellar structure rotates. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study of nanocrystals in PVDF, which may further develop functional polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capability of angle-resolved SXES experiment examined by hexagonal BN and its application for the chemical bonding state of Fe2B.","authors":"Masami Terauchi, Yuki Hada, Yudai Hatakeyama, Yohei K Sato","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfag029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The angle-dependences of N-K emission intensity profile of hBN on polar angle θ and azimuth angle ϕ were examined. The θ-dependent N-K emission intensity profiles show different angle dependences in the top and the bottom region of valence band (VB). From the comparison with the theoretically calculated charge distributions, there was a clear relation between the θ-dependence and the corresponding charge distribution was confirmed. No ϕ-dependence of N-K profile was observed and confirmed by a simple calculation, which shows no ϕ-dependence is reasonable for three, four, six-fold symmetrical charge distribution with the same energy. Important factor is the angle θ between a specified axis of the extend/reduce of charge distribution and the detection direction. From the angle dependent B-K emission profile of Fe2B, the presence of the interlayer one-dimensional B-B bonding of pz orbital was assigned at the bottom of VB. For discussing the anisotropic charge distribution in materials other than graphite and hBN, an anisotropy index α(E) was proposed and evaluated for the present experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of atomic force microscopy for investigations on molten metal/solid interfaces.","authors":"Takashi Ichii","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has developed remarkably in recent years, and its measurement environment has been extended not only to ultrahigh vacuum and air, but also to liquids. Since the solid-liquid interface is the site of various reactions, such as crystal growth and catalytic reactions, its atomic-scale analysis is crucially important. Although AFM analyses in various liquids, such as aqueous solutions, organic solvents, and ionic liquids, have been reported, there have been no studies of AFM analysis in molten metals. One of the reasons for this is the opacity of molten metals. Achieving AFM analysis in molten metal is expected to provide new insights into metallurgy. In this review, AFM that can analyze in molten metal is presented. The key innovation is the utilization of an AFM sensor employing a quartz tuning fork, the so-called qPlus sensor, instead of a silicon cantilever. In addition to the technical fundamentals of AFM in molten metal, we present two applications: in-situ and atomic-resolution analysis of alloy crystal growth processes and measurements of two-body interaction forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: CPO-11.","authors":"Yoichi Ose","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"i1-i3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy using a functionalized superconducting tip.","authors":"T Machida","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfag001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detecting spin states of electrons at the atomic scale has been at the heart of progress in condensed matter physics. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (SP-STM/STS) has provided important insights into understanding the nature of various spin-dependent phenomena, owing to its capability to visualize energy- and spin-resolved local density-of-states with atomic resolution. This review provides an overview of recent progress in SP-STS using functionalized superconducting tips, focusing on two approaches: conventional superconducting tips and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov tips, which are formed by placing a single magnetic atom at the apex of a superconducting tip. Due to their nearly full spin polarization, both types allow for precise detection of the sample's spin polarization. These advanced techniques will be powerful probes for pursuing emergent quantum phenomena that demand ultra-high spin sensitivity, such as the spin polarization of Majorana zero modes around vortex cores in topological superconductors.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145992384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryo-FIB-SEM visualization and radiation damage of a water-THF phase-separated mixture and in situ formed organic nanoparticles.","authors":"Satoshi Okada, Hayato Tsuji","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryoelectron microscopy is a powerful technique for high-resolution imaging of nonaqueous liquids, but challenges remain regarding imaging and data interpretation. Recent advancements in estimating the physicochemical properties of pure organic liquids at cryogenic temperatures have enhanced the selection of imaging and pre-treatment conditions. However, whether binary mixtures behave similarly to pure substances is still unclear. Furthermore, focused ion beam (FIB) milling facilitates site-specific cross-sectioning, but its effects on the microscopic morphology of frozen organic liquids are not well understood.In this study, we investigated water-tetrahydrofuran (THF) binary mixtures as a model to explore their phase behavior and radiation damage under cryogenic conditions. Spectroscopic analyses indicated microscopic phase separation within the seemingly miscible water-THF mixtures, but their detailed structure has been a subject of ongoing debate. Using cryo-scanning electron microscopy with FIB (cryo-FIB-SEM), we visualized bicontinuous phase separation. The domain sizes were consistent across spectroscopic data, thermally sublimed surfaces and FIB cross-sections. Notably, FIB milling caused a significant loss of THF-rich regions, likely due to localized temperature increases of ∼178 K, which is an order of magnitude greater than that in water-rich domains.We also noted the nanoparticles of electron-resistant carbazole-terminated carbon-bridged oligo(para-phenylenevinylene) (COPV2-G1) formed within the THF-rich phase. Extended electron irradiation led to morphological changes and shrinkage, suggesting THF was incorporated into COPV2-G1 aggregates along with THF decomposition induced by the electron beam. These findings underscore critical considerations in cryo-FIB-SEM imaging of binary organic liquids and solvated particles, providing practical insights for reducing or leveraging ion/electron beam-induced artifacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"262-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of artificial intelligence-driven fluorescence morphometry reveals involvement of osteocyte perilacunar remodeling specifically in mandibular bone of ovariectomized rats.","authors":"Atsuko Nakanishi-Kimura, Haruhisa Watanabe, Marie Hoshi-Numahata, Masae Goseki-Sone, Tadahiro Iimura","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone dynamically changes its shape and structure in response to extra-tissue environments, so that bone morphometry has been a substantial method to evaluate pathophysiology of bone. Osteocytes embedded in mineralized bone matrix play key roles in systemic bone metabolism and characterize distinct bone sites. The jawbone has been described as a unique bone in the context of vertebrate evolution and function. Bone loss in the mandibular bone is less obvious in osteoporotic conditions than in other bones, such as vertebral and limb long bones, both in animal models and in clinical studies. Since osteocyte lacunae are complex and small (-10 µm in length) in shape and size, respectively, comprehensive and unbiased morphometrical analysis of changes in the size of osteocyte lacunae was still an obstacle. This study established an artificial intelligence-driven morphometry with wide-field microscopy-based imaging of osteocyte lacunae. Successive comparative analyses demonstrated active perilacunar bone remodeling in the mandibular bone than in the parietal bone. This approach enabled us to statistically compare morphometric parameters in a more comprehensive and unbiased manner. We further discuss the possible unique contribution of the mandibular bone to the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"247-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation of 13C-labeled phosphatidylethanolamine in the termite abdomen revealed by correlative isotope microscopy and mass microscopy.","authors":"Rafia Ferdous, Md Muedur Rahman, Takumi Sakamoto, Md Shoriful Islam, Md Maniruzzaman, Md Monirul Islam, Md Foyzur Rahman, Ryo Omagari, Md Al Mamun, Ariful Islam, Shuhei Aramaki, Shoshiro Hirayama, Tomohito Sato, Yutaka Takahashi, Tomoaki Kahyo, Naoya Sakamoto, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Kenji Matsuura, Mitsutoshi Setou","doi":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmicro/dfaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Isotope microscopic imaging and atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-MALDI-MSI) provide powerful, complementary approaches for visualizing metabolic dynamics in biological tissues. This study applied these techniques to termite workers fed with 13C-labeled cellulose for 1 week. Termites are classified as eusocial insects because of their colonies' clear division of labor. The two primary castes in their life cycle are reproductive (king and queen), responsible for reproduction, and non-reproductive (workers and soldiers), who handle tasks such as defense, brood care and foraging. Although various techniques have been developed to detect 13C-labeled biomolecules in samples, it remains unclear whether the iMScopeTM prototype can visualize these molecules with high spatial resolution. Advanced isotope microscopic imaging technique with high spatial resolution (200-300 nm) offered ultra-high-resolution visualization of the relative abundance of the 13C/12C distribution, suggesting precise localization of isotope enrichment in the abdomen. AP-MALDI-MSI performed in the iMScopeTM prototype enabled spatial mapping of 13C-labeled and unlabeled metabolites, such as acetyl-L-carnitine and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), by detecting characteristic mass shifts due to 13C incorporation. The accumulation of PE in the termite abdomen represents an adaptive strategy to optimize nutrient allocation and promote social cohesion, thereby highlighting its potential role in maintaining colony fitness. Our study shows that the iMScopeTM prototype is a novel AP-MALDI-MSI technique to detect 13C-integrated metabolites in the 13C-labeled sample. This study also demonstrated that this technique can detect 13C-integrated PE, which is abundant mainly in termite abdomen. Mini-abstract.</p>","PeriodicalId":74193,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"270-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}