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Hyperactivation of mTORC1 by an endogenous raga-1 gain-of-function mutation does not reduce lifespan in C. elegans. 内源性raga-1功能获得突变导致mTORC1过度激活并不会降低线虫的寿命。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001520
Tatiana M Moreno, Michelle E Brown, Caroline Kumsta
{"title":"Hyperactivation of mTORC1 by an endogenous <i>raga-1</i> gain-of-function mutation does not reduce lifespan in <i>C.&nbsp;elegans</i>.","authors":"Tatiana M Moreno, Michelle E Brown, Caroline Kumsta","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001520","DOIUrl":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inhibition of mTORC1, a conserved nutrient-sensing complex, extends lifespan across model organisms, but the effects of mTORC1 hyperactivation are less understood. RagA, a GTPase essential for mTORC1 activation, can be locked in its active GTP-bound state through gain-of-function mutations, such as Q63L in <i>C.</i> <i>elegans</i> RAGA-1. We found that transgenic expression of <i>raga-1[Q63L]</i> mutation ( <i>egIs12</i> ) decreases lifespan without hyperactivating mTORC1, suggesting mTORC1-independent effects or transgene toxicity. In contrast, we show that a CRISPR-generated Q63L mutation at the endogenous <i>raga-1</i> locus ( <i>viz128)</i> hyperactivates mTORC1 without affecting lifespan, challenging the paradigm that mTORC1 hyperactivation accelerates aging. Thus, genetic context and potential compensatory mechanisms may contribute to mTORC1-mediated lifespan regulation, at least in metazoans.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
findWormz is a user-friendly automated fluorescence quantification method for C. elegans research. findWormz是一种用户友好的秀丽隐杆线虫研究自动荧光定量方法。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001562
Elizabeth Kitto, John Dean, Scott Leiser
{"title":"findWormz is a user-friendly automated fluorescence quantification method for <i>C. elegans</i> research.","authors":"Elizabeth Kitto, John Dean, Scott Leiser","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> is a powerful model organism for fluorescent imaging studies due to its simplicity, transparency, well-characterized anatomy, and ease of genetic manipulation. However, the scale and statistical power of <i>C. elegans</i> imaging experiments can be limited by the time and effort required to manually quantify fluorescence intensity in individual worms. Recent advances in automated image analysis have used artificial intelligence models and user-supplied training data sets to automate biological image quantification. While these tools have the potential to significantly expedite a variety of research applications in <i>C. elegans</i> and other model organisms, they can be difficult to implement and troubleshoot, particularly for researchers with little or no computational training. Here, we introduce a simple method to automate <i>C. elegans</i> fluorescence quantification that is accessible to users able to install the free program R and edit a single line of code described here.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A linamarase transgene controlled by heatshock creates a pro-toxin activation system in Drosophila melanogaster . 由热休克控制的亚麻酸酶转基因在黑腹果蝇中创建了一个前毒素激活系统。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001525
Lauren Carey, Osnat Malka, Shai Morin, Charles Robin
{"title":"A linamarase transgene controlled by heatshock creates a pro-toxin activation system in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> .","authors":"Lauren Carey, Osnat Malka, Shai Morin, Charles Robin","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Linamarase is a plant β-glucosidase enzyme involved in the activation of plant protoxins. It thereby plays a key role in plant defense mechanisms against herbivory. We have taken the linamarase gene sequence from cassava and placed it into the genome of Drosophila melanogaster under the control of non-leaky heat-shock promoter. We show that Drosophila larvae carrying the transgene become sensitive to the pro-toxin linamarin after heat-shock. Furthermore, the sensitivity is elevated in sealed containers and control-larvae sharing such containers with linamarase-larvae are also sensitive, suggesting that the larvae are dying from poisoning with gaseous hydrogen cyanide.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Faster genetic mapping of complex traits in C. elegans. 秀丽隐杆线虫复杂性状的快速遗传定位。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001544
Stefan Zdraljevic, Laura Walter-McNeill, Alex Lee, Joshua Bloom, Leonid Kruglyak
{"title":"Faster genetic mapping of complex traits in <i>C. elegans</i>.","authors":"Stefan Zdraljevic, Laura Walter-McNeill, Alex Lee, Joshua Bloom, Leonid Kruglyak","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> is a tractable model system that enables the identification of genetic determinants that underlie phenotypic variation. Over the years, new approaches have been developed to lower the cost of and expedite genetic mapping in this model system. The <i>ce</i> X-QTL approach uses the <i>fog-2 ( q71 )</i> allele to create obligate outcrossing recombinant populations for selection and sequencing experiments. Here, we tested whether the <i>fog-2 ( q71 )</i> allele is essential to the <i>ce</i> X-QTL approach by comparing crosses between the N2 and XZ1516 strains using either <i>fog-2 ( q71 )</i> or <i>fog-2</i> RNAi knockdown to facilitate outcrossing. The genome-wide allele frequencies of the bulk recombinant populations derived from these two methods were largely similar. These results demonstrate that <i>fog-2</i> RNAi is a viable alternative for rapidly generating recombinant populations, allowing greater flexibility in experimental design.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behavioral responses of Drosophila suzukii to blends of its attractants. 铃木果蝇对混合引诱剂的行为反应。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001555
Kazi Hasan, Hany Dweck
{"title":"Behavioral responses of <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> to blends of its attractants.","authors":"Kazi Hasan, Hany Dweck","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Drosophila suzukii</i> poses a significant threat to soft-skinned fruits worldwide. Effective trapping of this pest largely depends on commercially available lures, which often capture not only <i>D. suzukii</i> but also other species. Previously, we identified phenylacetaldehyde, spermidine, and pyridine as specific attractants for <i>D. suzukii</i> . Here we tested mixtures of these odorants and found that a blend of all three odorants did not produce any attraction. However, mixtures of phenylacetaldehyde with either spermidine or pyridine, but not spermidine with pyridine, triggered significant attraction. These findings can guide the formulation of more effective lures for <i>D. suzukii</i> .</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The replication rate of Anaplasma marginale is temperature-mediated in ticks. 蜱中边缘无原体的复制速率是由温度介导的。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001442
Popy Devnath, Susan M Noh, Shelby M Jarvis, Kayla Earls, Kennan J Oyen
{"title":"The replication rate of <i>Anaplasma marginale</i> is temperature-mediated in ticks.","authors":"Popy Devnath, Susan M Noh, Shelby M Jarvis, Kayla Earls, Kennan J Oyen","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Anaplasma marginale</i> , the cause of bovine anaplasmosis, a serious production-limiting disease of cattle found worldwide, is biologically transmitted by adult male <i>Dermacentor</i> spp. ticks in the United States. We tested the impact of 9 temperatures on infected <i>D. andersoni</i> and found that the replication of <i>A. marginale</i> in tick midguts and salivary glands is temperature dependent. There were higher bacterial levels between 32°C and 37°C than between 4°C to 26°C. We observed 100% mortality in ticks at 42°C. Future research should explore the mechanisms of temperature-dependent replication in <i>A. marginale</i> and possible links to transmission rates under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transcriptomic Analysis of CAD Cell Differentiation. CAD细胞分化的转录组学分析。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001574
Carlos A Cevallos, Anna Leigh White, Brooke A Fazio, Lillian S Wendt, Jasmine W Feng, Dora Posfai, April L Horton, John M Warrick, Omar Alberto Quintero-Carmona
{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis of CAD Cell Differentiation.","authors":"Carlos A Cevallos, Anna Leigh White, Brooke A Fazio, Lillian S Wendt, Jasmine W Feng, Dora Posfai, April L Horton, John M Warrick, Omar Alberto Quintero-Carmona","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CAD cells were derived from Cath.a cells, a mouse central nervous system catecholaminergic cell line. Serum-starved CAD cells undergo morphological changes and resemble isolated neurons when observed by microscopy. We carried out an RNAseq transcriptomic analysis to examine differentiated CAD cells for expression signatures related to neuronal functions, identifying ~1900 transcripts whose expression changed with differentiation. Pathview analysis identified ~80 KEGG pathway gene sets that were differentially expressed, including upregulation of at least 13 neuron-related pathways. This dataset can be explored more deeply, allowing further investigation into expression changes relevant to studying neuronal functions in this easy-to-culture model system.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revealing Rotational Characteristics of the Uniflagellate Mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii through DeepLabCut-Based Autotracking. 基于deeplabcut的自动追踪揭示莱茵衣藻单鞭毛突变体的旋转特性。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001535
Azusa Kage, Ken H Nagai, Takayuki Nishizaka, Kenta Ishimoto
{"title":"Revealing Rotational Characteristics of the Uniflagellate Mutant of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> through DeepLabCut-Based Autotracking.","authors":"Azusa Kage, Ken H Nagai, Takayuki Nishizaka, Kenta Ishimoto","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tracking eukaryotic flagella and cilia often requires manual clicking, even in the age of digital imaging. We developed an autotracking method using DeepLabCut, a CNN-based, marker-less tracking tool originally designed for animal behavior. Applying this method, we uncovered rotational characteristics of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> <i>uni1</i> , a uniflagellate mutant. Live <i>uni1</i> cells predominantly rotated counterclockwise under a coverslip when viewed from above, whereas demembranated models exhibited slower, more clockwise rotation. These differences likely stem from alterations in the three-dimensional flagellar waveform.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Substrate Color on Oyster Shell Colonization. 基质颜色对牡蛎壳定殖的影响。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001519
Pauline Lawrence, Samantha Dishong, Elizabeth Hamman
{"title":"Influence of Substrate Color on Oyster Shell Colonization.","authors":"Pauline Lawrence, Samantha Dishong, Elizabeth Hamman","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the influence of substrate color on the recruitment and colonization of <i>Crassostrea virginica</i> reef-associated organisms in an artificial reef system in the St. Mary's River. Substrate color significantly affected community abundance, but the specific pattern depended on locomotion and species. The sessile community preferred blue substrate, which was largely driven by the strong settlement preference of tube-forming polychaetes (serpulid worms). Motile species showed recruitment preference for red shells. Mud coverage and erosion negatively affected the recruitment of sessile species but did not affect motile species recruitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of temperature on asexual reproduction in Hydra vulgaris. 温度对水螅无性繁殖的影响。
microPublication biology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001508
Jameelah Destry, Kelso Cochran, Aide Macias-Muñoz
{"title":"The effect of temperature on asexual reproduction in <i>Hydra vulgaris</i>.","authors":"Jameelah Destry, Kelso Cochran, Aide Macias-Muñoz","doi":"10.17912/micropub.biology.001508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.001508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Hydra vulgaris</i> is a model cnidarian used for interdisciplinary studies in biology, yet its reproductive responses to environmental changes remain underexplored. This study examined how temperature affects asexual reproduction (budding) rates and population growth in <i>H. vulgaris</i> . We placed <i>Hydra</i> in two thermal environments, 15°C and 25°C, to compare differences in population growth, number of budding polyps, number of buds, and budding rates under 'cold' and 'hot' conditions. Our findings indicate that <i>Hydra</i> populations exhibit increased growth through asexual budding at higher temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":74192,"journal":{"name":"microPublication biology","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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