Advances in neurobiology最新文献_第3页

Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. 神经发育和神经精神疾病。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_26

Marianela Evelyn Traetta, Adriano Maia Chaves Filho, Elizabeth Toyin Akinluyi, Marie-Ève Tremblay

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Marianela Evelyn Traetta, Adriano Maia Chaves Filho, Elizabeth Toyin Akinluyi, Marie-Ève Tremblay","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_26","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter will focus on microglial involvement in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD). We will describe the neuroimmune risk factors that contribute to the etiopathology of these disorders across the lifespan, including both in early life and adulthood. Microglia, being the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, could play a key role in triggering and determining the outcome of these disorders. This chapter will review preclinical and clinical findings where microglial morphology and function were examined in the contexts of ASD, schizophrenia and MDD. Clinical evidence points out to altered microglial morphology and reactivity, as well as increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, supporting the idea that microglial abnormalities are involved in these disorders. Indeed, animal models for these disorders found altered microglial morphology and homeostatic functions which resulted in behaviours related to these disorders. Additionally, as microglia have emerged as promising therapeutic targets, we will also address in this chapter therapies involving microglial mechanisms for the treatment of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"37 ","pages":"457-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Microglia in Stroke. 小胶质细胞在中风中的作用

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_23

Raffaela Cipriani, Maria Domerq, Abraham Martín, Carlos Matute

引用次数: 0

Role of Microglial Modulation in Therapies for Perinatal Brain Injuries Leading to Neurodevelopmental Disorders. 小胶质细胞调节在围产期脑损伤导致神经发育障碍的治疗中的作用

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_33

Bobbi Fleiss, Pierre Gressens

引用次数: 0

Substance Use and Addiction. 药物使用与成瘾。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_19

Keionna Newton, Lindsay De Biase

引用次数: 0

Contactomics of Microglia and Intercellular Communication. 小胶质细胞的接触组学与细胞间通信

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_8

Csaba Cserép, Balázs Pósfai, Eszter Szabadits, Ádám Dénes

引用次数: 0

Emerging Microglial Therapies and Targets in Clinical Trial. 临床试验中的新兴小胶质细胞疗法和靶点

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_35

Yan Ling, Andrea Crotti

引用次数: 0

Emerging Models to Study Human Microglia In vitro. 体外研究人类小胶质细胞的新兴模型

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_30

Henna Jäntti, Lois Kistemaker, Alice Buonfiglioli, Lot D De Witte, Tarja Malm, Elly M Hol

{"title":"Emerging Models to Study Human Microglia In vitro.","authors":"Henna Jäntti, Lois Kistemaker, Alice Buonfiglioli, Lot D De Witte, Tarja Malm, Elly M Hol","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_30","url":null,"abstract":"New in vitro models provide an exciting opportunity to study live human microglia. Previously, a major limitation in understanding human microglia in health and disease has been their limited availability. Here, we provide an overview of methods to obtain human stem cell or blood monocyte-derived microglia-like cells that provide a nearly unlimited source of live human microglia for research. We address how understanding microglial ontogeny can help modeling microglial identity and function in a dish with increased accuracy. Moreover, we categorize stem cell-derived differentiation methods into embryoid body based, growth factor driven, and coculture-driven approaches, and review novel viral approaches to reprogram stem cells directly into microglia-like cells. Furthermore, we review typical readouts used in the field to verify microglial identity and characterize functional microglial phenotypes. We provide an overview of methods used to study microglia in environments more closely resembling the (developing) human CNS, such as cocultures and brain organoid systems with incorporated or innately developing microglia. We highlight how microglia-like cells can be utilized to reveal molecular and functional mechanisms in human disease context, focusing on Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases as well as neurodevelopmental diseases. Finally, we provide a critical overview of challenges and future opportunities to more accurately model human microglia in a dish and conclude that novel in vitro microglia-like cells provide an exciting potential to bring preclinical research of microglia to a new era.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"37 ","pages":"545-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enkephalin Rescues Temporomandibular Joint Pain-Related Behavior in Rats. 脑啡肽能挽救大鼠颞下颌关节疼痛相关行为

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_7

Karin N Westlund, A Caitlynn Iddings

{"title":"Enkephalin Rescues Temporomandibular Joint Pain-Related Behavior in Rats.","authors":"Karin N Westlund, A Caitlynn Iddings","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_7","url":null,"abstract":"Temporomandibular joint disorders include a variety of clinical syndromes that are difficult to manage if associated with debilitating severe jaw pain. Thus, seeking additional experimental therapies for temporomandibular joint pain reduction is warranted. Targeted enkephalin gene therapy approaches provide clear promise for pain control. The studies detailed here indicate significant analgesia and protection of joint tissue are provided after injection of an overexpression viral vector gene therapy near the joint. The viral vector gene therapy described provides overexpression of naturally occurring opioid peptides after its uptake by trigeminal nerve endings. The viral vectors act as independent \"minipump\" sources for the opioid peptide synthesis in the neuronal cytoplasm producing the intended biological function, reduction of pain, and tissue repair. The antinociceptive effects provided with this delivery method of opioid expression persist for over 4 weeks. This is coincident with the expected time frame for the duration of the transgene overproduction of the endogenous opioid peptide before its diminution due to dormancy of the virus. These experimental studies establish a basis for the use of replication-defective herpes simplex type 1-based gene therapy for severe chronic inflammatory temporomandibular joint destruction and pain. As innovative means of significantly reducing joint inflammation and preserving tissue architecture, gene therapies may extend their clinical usefulness for patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"35 ","pages":"125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Endogenous Opioids in Cardioprotection. 内源性阿片类药物在心脏保护中的作用

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_19

Cristina Sirbu

{"title":"The Role of Endogenous Opioids in Cardioprotection.","authors":"Cristina Sirbu","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_19","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_19","url":null,"abstract":"The opioid system involves opioid receptors (OPRs) and endogenous opioid peptides.This chapter will focus on the distribution of OPRs in the cardiovascular system, the expression pattern in the heart, the activation by opioid peptides, and the effects of OPRs activation with potential relevance in cardiovascular performance. In the heart, OPRs are co-expressed with beta adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) in the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, functionally cross-talk with β-Ars and modify catecholamine-induced effects. They are involved in cardiac contractility, energy metabolism, myocyte survival or death, vascular resistance. The effects of the opioid system in the regulation of systemic circulation at both the central and peripheral level are presented. The pathways are discussed under physiological (i.e., aging) and pathological conditions (atherosclerosis, heart failure, essential hypertension, ischemic stress). Stimulation of OPRs not only inhibits cardiac excitation-contraction coupling, but also protects the heart against hypoxic and ischemic injury. An enhanced sensitivity to opioids of endocrine organs and neuronal systems is operative in hypertensive patients. The opioid system can be pharmacologically engaged to selectively mimic these responses via cardiac and nervous signaling. The clinical opportunities for the use of cardioprotective effects of opioids require future investigations to provide more specific details of the impact on cardiac performance and electrophysiological properties.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"35 ","pages":"381-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactions Between Endogenous Opioids and the Immune System. 内源性阿片类药物与免疫系统之间的相互作用

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_3

Wei Du

引用次数: 0