Dementia and neurocognitive disorders最新文献

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Adjuvant Dexamethasone in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Phase IIa Trial.","authors":"Na Kyung Lee, Hyemin Jang, Yejoo Choi, Song Hwangbo, Seunghoon Lee, Jung Il Lee, Young Ju Kim, Juhee Chin, Jong Wook Chang, Sang Won Seo, Hyo Jin Son, Soo Jin Choi, Duk L Na, Hee Jin Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.272","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>This phase IIa trial assessed the safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). An open-label extension (OLE) further explored the adjunctive role of dexamethasone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MSCs (n=24) or a saline placebo (n=12) were administered intraventricularly three times at four-week intervals. In the OLE, MSCs and dexamethasone (15 mg, n=5) were administered to patients who received saline in phase IIa. Clinical parameters and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MSC therapy exhibited no significant clinical benefits, but was associated with reductions in CSF AD biomarkers (amyloid-beta, phosphorylated-tau, and total-tau) compared to placebo. The MSC group experienced more adverse events (fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting), while co-administration of dexamethasone appeared to attenuate immune-related reactions and limit increases in CSF white blood cell and interleukin-6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest exploratory biological effects of MSCs on AD biomarkers, with dexamethasone potentially mitigating MSC-induced immune responses.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02054208, NCT03172117, and NCT04954534.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"272-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Summary of 2025 International Conference of the Korean Dementia Association and International Congress of the Asian Society Against Dementia (IC-KDA/ASAD 2025): A Report From the Academic Committee of the Korean Dementia Association.","authors":"Jaeho Kim, Geon Ha Kim, Kyunghun Kang, Hee Jin Kim, Jeewon Suh, Bora Yoon, Hanna Cho, Jung-Min Pyun, Young Ho Park, Han Kyoung Choe, Yun Kyung Kim, Kun Ho Lee, Jae Gwan Kim, Soh-Jeong Yang, Min Jae Baek, Juhee Chin, Hyemin Jang, So Young Moon","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.209","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Conference of the Korean Dementia Association (IC-KDA) 2025 was held jointly with the 19th International Congress of the Asian Society Against Dementia (ASAD) in Seoul, South Korea (May 8-10, 2025), under the theme \"Breaking Barriers of Dementia: From Research to Real-world Practice.\" The program opened with a Pre-Conference Symposium on \"Dementia Treatment Update: Lecanemab and NPH\" featuring 14 speakers, followed by the main meeting comprising 3 plenary sessions (5 speakers), 7 luncheon-symposium presentations, 16 parallel symposia (48 speakers), a special symposium (2 speakers), and 4 oral-presentation sessions (20 presenters). The congress was attended by 1,052 participants from 27 countries and included 213 poster presentations. Scientific highlights spanned the continuum from discovery to implementation: plasma and imaging biomarkers, retinal and electroencephalogram/voice-based digital biomarkers, and multimodal neuroimaging for risk stratification and outcome prediction; updates on anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (MABs) (lecanemab, donanemab), safety/amyloid-related imaging abnormalities management, and real-world data frameworks; mechanistic and multi-omics insights (genetics, metabolomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics); neuroinflammation and glia-mediated pathways; young-onset dementia cohorts across Asia-Pacific; vascular cognitive impairment trials and pathophysiology; neuropsychiatric symptoms and evidence-based behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia care; lifestyle and multidomain prevention (Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay-based interventions); dementia-friendly communities and caregiver support; and emerging neuromodulation modalities (low-intensity ultrasound, photobiomodulation, vagus nerve stimulation). Together, the joint IC-KDA & ASAD 2025 meeting emphasized precision medicine and implementation science, bridging laboratory advances with clinical practice and health-system delivery to improve outcomes for people living with dementia and their caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"209-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Utility and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Tablet-Based Seoul Cognitive Status Test: Evidence for Scalable Cognitive Assessment.","authors":"Young Ju Kim, Joon Soo Shin, Dayeong An, Duk L Na, Hee Jin Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.286","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The Seoul Cognitive Status Test (SCST) is a brief (~30 minutes), tablet-based battery that yields domain-specific and composite scores and uses automated scoring for rapid result generation, reduced examiner burden, and scalability for large or longitudinal assessments. We evaluated the SCST's psychometric and diagnostic performance against multidisciplinary final clinical diagnoses derived from a multidimensional workup.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional diagnostic study of 777 outpatients (SCST-Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery [SNSB] n=639; SCST-Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease [CERAD] n=138) who underwent standardized diagnostic evaluation; multidisciplinary final diagnoses served as the reference. Participants completed the SCST and either the Korean version of CERAD (CERAD-K) or SNSB-second edition (SNSB-II). We assessed convergent validity of SCST subtests with traditional measures and compared SCST composite scores and classifications with reference diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pearson correlations between SCST subtests and corresponding CERAD-K/SNSB-II measures were all significant (<i>p</i><0.001), with key domain correlations ≥0.7 (language, memory, executive). In the pooled sample, covariate-adjusted receiver operating characteristic area under the curves (AUCs) for the SCST composite ranged from 0.854 (cognitively unimpaired [CU] vs. mild cognitive impairment [MCI]) to 0.980 (CU vs. dementia); AUC for CU vs. cognitively impaired [CI] was 0.903. SCST-based classification sensitivity was 0.859 (CU vs. CI), 0.984 (CU vs. dementia), 0.758 (CU vs. MCI), 0.896 (MCI vs. dementia), and 0.882 (no dementia vs. dementia).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support the SCST's clinical utility; further studies in broader community-based cohorts are warranted to confirm generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"286-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait Patterns and Balance Impairment in Parkinson's Disease With Correlation to Disease Severity.","authors":"Danyeong Kim, Da-Eun Jeong, Hyunkyung Yi, Min Ju Kang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.259","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Accurate and early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains challenging, as clinical assessments have notable limitations. Gait impairment, a hallmark motor symptom, appears in the early stages and is indicative of disease evolution. This study aimed to examine gait parameters and their associations with established clinical measures to assess their potential as diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers in a Korean PD cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PD patients (n=18) and healthy controls (HCs, n=15) underwent gait assessments with MotionCore (JEIOS Inc.). Gait parameters were measured during both the 10-m walk (locomotion) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests, including stride length, cadence, single and double support time, toe-off time, and turning performance. Clinical assessments comprised the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) scale, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III, Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Berg Balance Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with PD demonstrated significantly shortened stride length and higher cadence. Reduced single support time, extended double support time, and delayed toe-off time were observed in the PD group. Integrating gait metrics from both the 10-m locomotion and TUG tests improved discrimination between PD patients and healthy controls, as well as among different H&Y stages. Turning-related measures were significantly higher in PD patients. Gait measures showed robust correlations with clinical indices, including motor severity, cognitive status, and balance scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gait analysis identified prominent motor and balance deficits in PD patients that were strongly associated with clinical severity. Gait parameters hold considerable potential as objective digital biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of PD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"259-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian Randomization Reveals Unidirectional Links Between Amyloid-β and Tau in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Jun Pyo Kim, Hyunwoo Lee, Bo-Hyun Kim, Kwangsik Nho, Shannon L Risacher, Andrew J Saykin, Sang Won Seo, Han-Na Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.246","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Prior research has indicated that changes in the amyloid-beta (Aβ) biomarker precede tau biomarker alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, establishing causality through temporal correlations remains contentious. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between Aβ and tau using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two-sample MR analyses employing genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary statistics for Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau (CSF pTau). Additionally, to reinforce and validate the results of the two-sample MR, we performed two-sample MR using tau PET GWAS summary statistics and one-sample MR analysis using autopsy data. In the one-sample MR analysis, the exposure and outcome variables were neuritic plaque burden and neurofibrillary tangle burden, respectively, determined through neuropathological examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two-sample MR analysis unveiled a causal association between Aβ accumulation and CSF pTau level (BETA [standard error]=0.30 [0.10], <i>p</i>=0.004). The absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy was confirmed. In contrast, there was no evidence causally relating CSF pTau level to Aβ accumulation (<i>p</i>=0.56). Our results were reinforced by consistently directional effects observed in the two-sample MR using tau PET GWAS and one-sample MR analysis, indicating a causal direction from Aβ burdens (measured by neuritic plaques) to tau burdens (measured by neurofibrillary tangles) (<i>p</i>=1.24×10^-13).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest a causal relationship between Aβ burdens and tau burdens in AD, reinforcing the notion of Aβ as a pivotal upstream factor in AD pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"246-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive Cerebral White Matter Involvement and Migrainous Headache in a Patient With Aquaporin-4-Positive NMOSD Mimicking CADASIL.","authors":"Sukyoon Lee, Seong-Il Oh","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.311","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"311-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a 12-Week Hybrid Analog-Digital Cognitive Training on Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults: A Pilot Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Seungwon Chung, Bori R Kim, Sooin Moon, Geon Ha Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.301","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Global population aging heightens concern about cognitive decline, underscoring the need for scalable interventions. While computerized cognitive training offers benefits, many seniors face device-related challenges that limit adherence, and facility-based programs pose logistical barriers. To address these, we evaluated a 12-week home-based Hybrid Analog-Digital Cognitive Training (HCT) program, which paired a sensor-embedded, pressure-sensitive paper workbook with a Bluetooth-linked television, to enhance usability and engagement among cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-blind, randomized controlled trial, 66 CU adults aged ≥60 years were allocated to HCT or control (each n=33) groups. Participants had literacy and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores above -1.5 standard deviation. The HCT group performed 30-minute sessions 5 times weekly for 12 weeks, while controls continued usual activities. Primary outcomes were changes in composite Z-scores for frontal, attention, and memory domains, derived from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery. Z-scores were direction-weighted and aggregated by domain. Between-group differences were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. After 12 weeks, the HCT group showed a significant group × visit interaction in the frontal domain (estimate, 0.29; standard error, 0.13; <i>p</i>=0.03), indicating improved executive function. No significant differences were found in attention or memory domains. Also, the HCT group exhibited improvements in psychological profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A home-based HCT program improved frontal executive function in CU older adults. The hybrid analog-digital design may help reduce digital barriers, support usability, and foster sustained participation. Larger trials with active controls, modality-specific comparators, and extended follow-up are warranted to confirm benefits and optimize delivery.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0007922.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-Based Occupational Therapy Intervention for the Improvement of Quality of Life in Individuals With Moderate to Severe Dementia and Their Caregivers.","authors":"Theodosis Georgiadis, Ioanna Giannoula Katsouri, Charalampos Tsormpatzoudis, Magdalini Tsolaki","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.233","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.4.233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The quality of life (QoL) of individuals with dementia is influenced by their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), social engagement, and emotional well-being. Instrumental ADLs (IADLs) decline even in early stages, while basic ADLs (BADLs) are significantly affected in advanced stages. This study examined whether a home-based occupational therapy intervention improves QoL in people with dementia, reduces caregiver burden, depression, and anxiety, and enhances BADL performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-nine participants with moderate to severe dementia were assigned to an intervention group (n=26, mean age 83.5±5.0 years, t=2.63, <i>p</i>=0.011) or a control group (n=23, mean age 80.0±4.2 years). QoL was assessed using the QoL in Alzheimer's disease (QoL-AD) and QoL in late-stage dementia (QUALID) scales. The intervention group received a 3-month standardized home-based occupational therapy program (12 individualized sessions) focused on BADL training, in addition to ongoing support from the Greek Alzheimer's Disease Association. The control group received only standard support. Caregivers in both groups participated in counseling or standard support sessions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in patients' QoL (QoL-AD, <i>p</i>=0.008; QUALID, <i>p</i>=0.009) and in caregivers' anxiety and depression (<i>p</i><0.001). No significant effects were found for BADL performance (<i>p</i>=0.857) or caregiver burden (<i>p</i>=0.773).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Home-based standardized occupational therapy interventions enhance the quality of life and emotional well-being of individuals with moderate to severe dementia and improve caregiver mental health, highlighting their crucial role in community dementia care.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 4","pages":"233-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide Survey on the Awareness of Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Hyuk Sung Kwon, Kee Hyung Park, Jin San Lee, Hojin Choi, Chan-Nyoung Lee, Jae-Sung Lim, Jae-Won Jang, YongSoo Shim, Seong Hye Choi, Dong Won Yang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.3.198","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.3.198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), particularly due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), is an important stage for early intervention. We aim to assess awareness among the general population of MCI and AD, and evaluate their willingness to pay for treatment that delays the progression to dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted from August 29 to 31, 2022, targeting adults aged ≥18 years in the Republic of Korea. <i>In toto</i>, 1,006 respondents were randomly selected via a proportional allocation based on age, sex, and region. The survey consisted of 11 questions covering demographic information, awareness of MCI and AD, understanding of diagnostic procedures, such as amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), and willingness to pay for disease-modifying treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the respondents, 41.3% had heard of MCI, but only 12.0% were well informed. Some 77.0% stated that if they experienced cognitive decline, they would visit a hospital. Only 12.4% of respondents knew the important role of amyloid PET in diagnosing MCI due to AD. Regarding the treatment costs of disease-modifying drugs, 42.1% were willing to pay <600,000 KRW (approximately 420 USD) per month, while 18.4% were unwilling to pay. Older age and lower socioeconomic status were significantly associated with decreased willingness to pay (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public awareness of MCI is limited, and willingness to pay decreases with older age and lower socioeconomic status. Targeted education and strategies are therefore required to increase awareness and reduce disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 3","pages":"198-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of VR-Based Cognitive Training Program for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Seunghee Na, Seung-Keun Lee, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Donggi Hong, Eek-Sung Lee","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.3.174","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2025.24.3.174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive training programs represent an emerging intervention for cognitive impairment. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a VR-based cognitive training program in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two patients diagnosed with MCI according to Peterson's criteria participated in a 12-week VR training program, consisting of twice-weekly 50-minute sessions. Comprehensive assessments were conducted at baseline and after the intervention, including neuropsychological tests, questionnaires for depression, anxiety, quality of life, and dizziness severity. Caregivers evaluated patients' daily living activities and neurobehavioral symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight patients completed the program (87.5% women, mean age 73.21 years). Post-intervention analyses revealed significant improvements in both total composite and memory-specific scores on neuropsychological tests. No significant changes were observed in depression, anxiety, dizziness severity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, or daily living activities. Importantly, functional neuroimaging demonstrated statistically significant increases in connectivity among the bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala, regions essential for memory and emotional processing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study demonstrates that VR-based cognitive training may be a feasible therapeutic approach for cognitive impairment. The observed improvements in neuropsychological test scores and enhanced brain connectivity in memory-related regions suggest potential benefits for MCI patients. Further research with control group and larger sample sizes is warranted to confirm these findings and distinguish intervention effects from natural learning or test-retest effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"24 3","pages":"174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}