Dementia and neurocognitive disorders最新文献

{"title":"Dementia Incidence Rate Before and After Implementing the National Responsibility Policy for Dementia Care in Patients With Vascular Risk Factors in Korea.","authors":"Gihwan Byeon,&nbsp;Sung Ok Kwon,&nbsp;JinHyeong Jhoo,&nbsp;Jae-Won Jang,&nbsp;Yeshin Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.2.49","DOIUrl":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.2.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The National Responsibility Policy for Dementia Care was implemented in September 2017 in Korea. This study aimed to compare dementia incidence in Seoul and Gangwon-do before and after the implementation of this policy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted insurance claim data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service for people diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia for the first time in Seoul and Gangwon-do, Korea. We defined two enrollment groups based on the policy implementation date: 1) January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016 (Index 1, pre-implementation), and 2) January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 (Index 2, post-implementation). Each group was followed up for 1 year from the time of enrollment. Then, we calculated hazard ratios to compare the incidence of dementia between the two groups, and between Seoul and Gangwon-do.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Seoul, the incidence of dementia was significantly lower in Index 2 than in Index 1 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.926; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.875-0.979). However, the incidence rate did not differ between the 2 groups (HR, 1.113; 95% CI, 0.966-1.281) in Gangwon-do. In Index 1, the incidence of dementia did not differ between Seoul and Gangwon-do (HR, 1.043; 95% CI, 0.941-1.156), but in Index 2, was significantly higher in Gangwon-do than in Seoul (HR, 1.240; 95% CI, 1.109-1.386).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After implementing the National Responsibility Policy for Dementia Care, the dementia incidence rate decreased significantly in Seoul, consistent with other studies, but not in Gangwon-do.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/30/dnd-22-49.PMC10166674.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tablet-based Cognitive Intervention on Cognition in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study","authors":"Ji Young Park, Seon Ae Choi, Jae Joon Kim, Yu Jeong Park, Chi Kyung Kim, Geum Joon Cho, Seong-Beom Koh, Sung Hoon Kang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.130","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Growing evidence has shown that cognitive interventions can mitigate cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, most previous cognitive interventions have been group-based programs. Due to their intrinsic limitations, group-based programs are not widely used in clinical practice. Therefore, we have developed a tablet-based cognitive intervention program. This preliminary study investigated the feasibility and effects of a 12-week structured tablet-based program on cognitive function in patients with MCI. Methods We performed a single-arm study on 24 patients with MCI. The participants underwent a tablet-based cognitive intervention program 5 times a week over a 12-week period. The primary outcome was changes in cognitive function, measured using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K). Outcomes were evaluated at baseline, within two weeks of the last program (post-intervention), and at the six-month follow-up session. Results The completion rate of the tablet-based program was 83.3% in patients with MCI. The program improved cognitive function based on the CERAD-K total score (p=0.026), which was maintained for at least three months (p=0.004). There was also an improvement in the depression scale score (p=0.002), which persisted for three months (p=0.027). Conclusions Our 12-week structured tablet-based program is feasible for patients with MCI. Furthermore, although further studies with a double-arm design are required, the program appears to be an effective strategy to prevent cognitive decline in patients with MCI.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Persistent Treatment of Alzheimer’s Dementia and Osteoporosis Using a Common Data Model","authors":"Seonhwa Hwang, Yong Gwon Soung, Seong Uk Kang, Donghan Yu, Haeran Baek, Jae-Won Jang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose As it becomes an aging society, interest in senile diseases is increasing. Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) and osteoporosis are representative senile diseases. Various studies have reported that AD and osteoporosis share many risk factors that affect each other’s incidence. This aimed to determine if active medication treatment of AD could affect the development of osteoporosis. Methods The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service provided data consisting of diagnosis, demographics, prescription drug, procedures, medical materials, and healthcare resources. In this study, data of all AD patients in South Korea who were registered under the national health insurance system were obtained. The cohort underwent conversion to an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership–Common Data Model version 5 format. Results This study included 11,355 individuals in the good persistent group and an equal number of 11,355 individuals in the poor persistent group from the National Health Claims database for AD drug treatment. In primary analysis, the risk of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the poor persistence group than in the good persistence group (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.32]; p<0.001). Conclusions We found that the good persistence group treated with anti-dementia drugs for AD was associated with a significant lower risk of osteoporosis in this nationwide study. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological link in patients with two chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Executive Function and Walk While Crossing Over an Obstacle Under Different Gait Phases","authors":"Seung Min Lee, Han Suk Lee","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.139","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Dual walking task such as crossing over an obstacle may serve as an excellent tool for predicting early cognitive decline. Thus, this study aimed to investigate correlation between walking while crossing over an obstacle and executive functions under different gait phases to validate the use of walking with an obstacle for predicting early cognitive decline. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 elderly individuals from 2 day-care centers and 3 welfare-centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, Korea. Executive function tests (Trail Making Test, Stroop test) and dual walking tests (gait speed, cadence, stance time, gait cycle time) were performed and compared using partial correlation analysis. Results There were significant correlations between executive function and most of the gait variables (stance time, cadence, and gait cycle time) (p<0.05) when crossing over an obstacle while walking. Especially, stance time exhibited significant correlations with most executive functions (p<0.05). Conclusions When evaluating executive function during walking with an obstacle, post-obstacle-crossing phase and stance time need to be observed.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and Lumboperitoneal Shunt Surgery in an Elderly Patient With Complex Hydrocephalus: Mixture of Late-onset Obstructive and Communicating Hydrocephaluses.","authors":"Sang-Youl Yoon,&nbsp;Kyunghun Kang,&nbsp;Chaejin Lee,&nbsp;Jeong-Hyun Hwang,&nbsp;Myoung Hun Hahm,&nbsp;Eunhee Park,&nbsp;Ki-Su Park","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis (AS) is a disease that mainly occurs in children. Late-onset obstructive hydrocephalus due to AS can rarely occur in elderly patients.1 The treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus due to AS by endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) shows good results.2 However, ETV alone cannot be used for treating elderly patients with complex hydrocephalus. This complex hydrocephalus may be accompanied by obstructive and communicating hydrocephaluses due to different causes.3 We present the case of an elderly patient with rare complex hydrocephalus, a combination of lateonset obstructive and communicating hydrocephaluses, treated using combined ETV and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) surgeries.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/87/dnd-22-46.PMC9939571.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Rate of Cognitive Impairment Screening Among the Elderly by Activity of Daily Living in Indochina: A Preliminary Report.","authors":"Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.43","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has impacted healthcare routine service programs. Priority was given to COVID-19 infection prevention. Personnel and resources for the healthcare industry were reallocated. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on common screening practices in public healthcare is a fascinating subject. Prior research has amply demonstrated the value of routine cancer screening, particularly cervical cancer screening.1 Cognitive impairment is still a fairly common medical issue in many parts of the world, particularly Southeast Asia. With routine screening and quick, targeted treatment, the endemicity of this disorder is anticipated to decrease locally.2 An important factor that serves as a barometer for the effectiveness of a public health program is the program’s coverage. In many remote places, early diagnosis and comprehensive care continue to present significant obstacles.3 Although effects of conventional medical care are intriguing, they are rarely discussed. According to the study’s authors, the COVID-19 pandemic had an effect on the elderly who experienced full cognitive impairment in areas where the disorder was a serious concern.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/7d/dnd-22-43.PMC9939573.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Lesions Predominantly Located in Deep White Matter Represent Embolic Etiology Rather Than Small Vessel Disease.","authors":"Young Hee Jung,&nbsp;Seongbeom Park,&nbsp;Na Kyung Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Jeong Han,&nbsp;Hyemin Jang,&nbsp;Hee Jin Kim,&nbsp;Sang Won Seo,&nbsp;Duk Lyul Na","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>We investigated the correlation between the deep distribution of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) (dWMH: WMH in deep and corticomedullary areas, with minimal periventricular WMH) and a positive agitated saline contrast echocardiography result.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively recruited participants with comprehensive dementia evaluations, an agitated saline study, and brain imaging. The participants were classified into two groups according to WMH-distributions: dWMH and dpWMH (mainly periventricular WMH with or without deep WMH.) We hypothesized that dWMH is more likely associated with embolism, whereas dpWMH is associated with small-vessel diseases. We compared the clinical characteristics, WMH-distributions, and positive rate of agitated saline studies between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 90 participants, 27 and 12 met the dWMH and dpWMH criteria, respectively. The dWMH-group was younger (62.2±7.5 vs. 78.9±7.3, <i>p</i><0.001) and had a lower prevalence of hypertension (29.6% vs. 75%, <i>p</i>=0.008), diabetes mellitus (3.7% vs. 25%, <i>p</i>=0.043), and hyperlipidemia (33.3% vs. 83.3%, <i>p</i>=0.043) than the dpWMH-group. Regarding deep white matter lesions, the number of small lesions (<3 mm) was higher in the dWMH-group(10.9±9.7) than in the dpWMH-group (3.1±6.4) (<i>p</i>=0.008), and WMH was predominantly distributed in the border-zones and corticomedullary areas. Most importantly, the positive agitated saline study rate was higher in the dWMH-group than in the dpWMH-group (81.5% vs. 33.3%, <i>p</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dWMH-group with younger participants had fewer cardiovascular risk factors, showed more border-zone-distributions, and had a higher agitated saline test positivity rate than the dpWMH-group, indicating that corticomedullary or deep WMH-distribution with minimal periventricular WMH suggests embolic etiologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/5a/dnd-22-28.PMC9939570.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10770621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) for Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment.","authors":"Hui Jin Ryu,&nbsp;Dong Won Yang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) is known as a representative comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation tool in Korea since its first standardization in 2003. It was the main neuropsychological evaluation tool in the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea, a large-scale multi-center cohort study in Korea that was started in 2005. Since then, it has been widely used by dementia clinicians, and further solidified its status as a representative dementia evaluation tool in Korea. Many research results related to the SNSB have been used as a basis for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients in various clinical settings, especially, in many areas of cognitive assessment, including dementia evaluation. The SNSB version that was updated in 2012 provides psychometrically improved norms and indicators through a model-based standardization procedure based on a theoretical probability distribution in the norm's development. By providing a score for each cognitive domain, it is easier to compare cognitive abilities between domains and to identify changes in cognitive domain functions over time. Through the development of the SNSB-Core, a short form composed of core tests, which also give a composite score was provided. The SNSB is a useful test battery that provides key information on the evaluation of early cognitive decline, analysis of cognitive decline patterns, judging the severity of dementia, and differential diagnosis of dementia. This review will provide a broad understanding of the SNSB by describing the test composition, contents of individual subtests, characteristics of standardization, analysis of the changed standard score, and related studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/af/dnd-22-1.PMC9939572.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Perception and Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Sung-Ho Woo, Jarang Hahm, Jeong-Sug Kyong, Hang-Rai Kim, Kwang Ki Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.148","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Episodic memory is a system that receives and stores information about temporally dated episodes and their interrelations. Our study aimed to investigate the relevance of episodic memory to time perception, with a specific focus on simultaneity/order judgment. Methods Experiment 1 employed the simultaneity judgment task to discern differences in time perception between patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, and age-matched normals. A mathematical analysis capable of estimating subjects’ time processing was utilized to identify the sensory and decisional components of temporal order and simultaneity judgment. Experiment 2 examined how differences in temporal perception relate to performance in temporal order memory, in which time delays play a critical role. Results The temporal decision windows for both temporal order and simultaneity judgments exhibited marginal differences between patients with episodic memory impairment, and their healthy counterparts (p = 0.15, t(22) = 1.34). These temporal decision windows may be linked to the temporal separation of events in episodic memory (Pearson’s ρ = −0.53, p = 0.05). Conclusions Based on our findings, the frequency of visual events accumulated and encoded in the working memory system in the patients’ and normal group appears to be approximately (5.7 and 11.2) Hz, respectively. According to the internal clock model, a lower frequency of event pulses tends to result in underestimation of event duration, which phenomenon might be linked to the observed time distortions in patients with dementia.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Tools for Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review Based on Our Own Research Experience.","authors":"So-Hee Park,&nbsp;Kyoung Ja Kwon,&nbsp;Min Young Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Hun Kim,&nbsp;Won-Jin Moon,&nbsp;Hui Jin Ryu,&nbsp;Jae Won Jang,&nbsp;Yeonsil Moon","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most representative neurodegenerative diseases, has diverse neurobiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Treatment strategies targeting a single mechanism have repeated faced failures because the mechanism of neuronal cell death is very complex that is not fully understood yet. Since complex mechanisms exist to explain AD, a variety of diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosing AD are required. Moreover, standardized evaluations for comprehensive diagnosis using neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory tools are needed. In this review, we summarize the latest clinical, neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory evaluations to diagnose patients with AD based on our own experience in conducting a prospective study.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/f5/dnd-22-16.PMC9939574.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}