Dementia and neurocognitive disorders最新文献

{"title":"Correlation Between Executive Function and Walk While Crossing Over an Obstacle Under Different Gait Phases","authors":"Seung Min Lee, Han Suk Lee","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.139","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Dual walking task such as crossing over an obstacle may serve as an excellent tool for predicting early cognitive decline. Thus, this study aimed to investigate correlation between walking while crossing over an obstacle and executive functions under different gait phases to validate the use of walking with an obstacle for predicting early cognitive decline. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 elderly individuals from 2 day-care centers and 3 welfare-centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, Korea. Executive function tests (Trail Making Test, Stroop test) and dual walking tests (gait speed, cadence, stance time, gait cycle time) were performed and compared using partial correlation analysis. Results There were significant correlations between executive function and most of the gait variables (stance time, cadence, and gait cycle time) (p<0.05) when crossing over an obstacle while walking. Especially, stance time exhibited significant correlations with most executive functions (p<0.05). Conclusions When evaluating executive function during walking with an obstacle, post-obstacle-crossing phase and stance time need to be observed.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and Lumboperitoneal Shunt Surgery in an Elderly Patient With Complex Hydrocephalus: Mixture of Late-onset Obstructive and Communicating Hydrocephaluses.","authors":"Sang-Youl Yoon,&nbsp;Kyunghun Kang,&nbsp;Chaejin Lee,&nbsp;Jeong-Hyun Hwang,&nbsp;Myoung Hun Hahm,&nbsp;Eunhee Park,&nbsp;Ki-Su Park","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis (AS) is a disease that mainly occurs in children. Late-onset obstructive hydrocephalus due to AS can rarely occur in elderly patients.1 The treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus due to AS by endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) shows good results.2 However, ETV alone cannot be used for treating elderly patients with complex hydrocephalus. This complex hydrocephalus may be accompanied by obstructive and communicating hydrocephaluses due to different causes.3 We present the case of an elderly patient with rare complex hydrocephalus, a combination of lateonset obstructive and communicating hydrocephaluses, treated using combined ETV and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) surgeries.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"46-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/87/dnd-22-46.PMC9939571.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Rate of Cognitive Impairment Screening Among the Elderly by Activity of Daily Living in Indochina: A Preliminary Report.","authors":"Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.43","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has impacted healthcare routine service programs. Priority was given to COVID-19 infection prevention. Personnel and resources for the healthcare industry were reallocated. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on common screening practices in public healthcare is a fascinating subject. Prior research has amply demonstrated the value of routine cancer screening, particularly cervical cancer screening.1 Cognitive impairment is still a fairly common medical issue in many parts of the world, particularly Southeast Asia. With routine screening and quick, targeted treatment, the endemicity of this disorder is anticipated to decrease locally.2 An important factor that serves as a barometer for the effectiveness of a public health program is the program’s coverage. In many remote places, early diagnosis and comprehensive care continue to present significant obstacles.3 Although effects of conventional medical care are intriguing, they are rarely discussed. According to the study’s authors, the COVID-19 pandemic had an effect on the elderly who experienced full cognitive impairment in areas where the disorder was a serious concern.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"43-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/7d/dnd-22-43.PMC9939573.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Lesions Predominantly Located in Deep White Matter Represent Embolic Etiology Rather Than Small Vessel Disease.","authors":"Young Hee Jung,&nbsp;Seongbeom Park,&nbsp;Na Kyung Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Jeong Han,&nbsp;Hyemin Jang,&nbsp;Hee Jin Kim,&nbsp;Sang Won Seo,&nbsp;Duk Lyul Na","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>We investigated the correlation between the deep distribution of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) (dWMH: WMH in deep and corticomedullary areas, with minimal periventricular WMH) and a positive agitated saline contrast echocardiography result.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively recruited participants with comprehensive dementia evaluations, an agitated saline study, and brain imaging. The participants were classified into two groups according to WMH-distributions: dWMH and dpWMH (mainly periventricular WMH with or without deep WMH.) We hypothesized that dWMH is more likely associated with embolism, whereas dpWMH is associated with small-vessel diseases. We compared the clinical characteristics, WMH-distributions, and positive rate of agitated saline studies between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 90 participants, 27 and 12 met the dWMH and dpWMH criteria, respectively. The dWMH-group was younger (62.2±7.5 vs. 78.9±7.3, <i>p</i><0.001) and had a lower prevalence of hypertension (29.6% vs. 75%, <i>p</i>=0.008), diabetes mellitus (3.7% vs. 25%, <i>p</i>=0.043), and hyperlipidemia (33.3% vs. 83.3%, <i>p</i>=0.043) than the dpWMH-group. Regarding deep white matter lesions, the number of small lesions (<3 mm) was higher in the dWMH-group(10.9±9.7) than in the dpWMH-group (3.1±6.4) (<i>p</i>=0.008), and WMH was predominantly distributed in the border-zones and corticomedullary areas. Most importantly, the positive agitated saline study rate was higher in the dWMH-group than in the dpWMH-group (81.5% vs. 33.3%, <i>p</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dWMH-group with younger participants had fewer cardiovascular risk factors, showed more border-zone-distributions, and had a higher agitated saline test positivity rate than the dpWMH-group, indicating that corticomedullary or deep WMH-distribution with minimal periventricular WMH suggests embolic etiologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"28-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/5a/dnd-22-28.PMC9939570.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10770621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) for Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment.","authors":"Hui Jin Ryu,&nbsp;Dong Won Yang","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) is known as a representative comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation tool in Korea since its first standardization in 2003. It was the main neuropsychological evaluation tool in the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea, a large-scale multi-center cohort study in Korea that was started in 2005. Since then, it has been widely used by dementia clinicians, and further solidified its status as a representative dementia evaluation tool in Korea. Many research results related to the SNSB have been used as a basis for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients in various clinical settings, especially, in many areas of cognitive assessment, including dementia evaluation. The SNSB version that was updated in 2012 provides psychometrically improved norms and indicators through a model-based standardization procedure based on a theoretical probability distribution in the norm's development. By providing a score for each cognitive domain, it is easier to compare cognitive abilities between domains and to identify changes in cognitive domain functions over time. Through the development of the SNSB-Core, a short form composed of core tests, which also give a composite score was provided. The SNSB is a useful test battery that provides key information on the evaluation of early cognitive decline, analysis of cognitive decline patterns, judging the severity of dementia, and differential diagnosis of dementia. This review will provide a broad understanding of the SNSB by describing the test composition, contents of individual subtests, characteristics of standardization, analysis of the changed standard score, and related studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/af/dnd-22-1.PMC9939572.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Perception and Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Sung-Ho Woo, Jarang Hahm, Jeong-Sug Kyong, Hang-Rai Kim, Kwang Ki Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.148","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Episodic memory is a system that receives and stores information about temporally dated episodes and their interrelations. Our study aimed to investigate the relevance of episodic memory to time perception, with a specific focus on simultaneity/order judgment. Methods Experiment 1 employed the simultaneity judgment task to discern differences in time perception between patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, and age-matched normals. A mathematical analysis capable of estimating subjects’ time processing was utilized to identify the sensory and decisional components of temporal order and simultaneity judgment. Experiment 2 examined how differences in temporal perception relate to performance in temporal order memory, in which time delays play a critical role. Results The temporal decision windows for both temporal order and simultaneity judgments exhibited marginal differences between patients with episodic memory impairment, and their healthy counterparts (p = 0.15, t(22) = 1.34). These temporal decision windows may be linked to the temporal separation of events in episodic memory (Pearson’s ρ = −0.53, p = 0.05). Conclusions Based on our findings, the frequency of visual events accumulated and encoded in the working memory system in the patients’ and normal group appears to be approximately (5.7 and 11.2) Hz, respectively. According to the internal clock model, a lower frequency of event pulses tends to result in underestimation of event duration, which phenomenon might be linked to the observed time distortions in patients with dementia.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Tools for Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review Based on Our Own Research Experience.","authors":"So-Hee Park,&nbsp;Kyoung Ja Kwon,&nbsp;Min Young Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Hun Kim,&nbsp;Won-Jin Moon,&nbsp;Hui Jin Ryu,&nbsp;Jae Won Jang,&nbsp;Yeonsil Moon","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most representative neurodegenerative diseases, has diverse neurobiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Treatment strategies targeting a single mechanism have repeated faced failures because the mechanism of neuronal cell death is very complex that is not fully understood yet. Since complex mechanisms exist to explain AD, a variety of diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosing AD are required. Moreover, standardized evaluations for comprehensive diagnosis using neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory tools are needed. In this review, we summarize the latest clinical, neuropsychological, imaging, and laboratory evaluations to diagnose patients with AD based on our own experience in conducting a prospective study.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/f5/dnd-22-16.PMC9939574.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Emotion Recognition in Older Adults With Cognitive Complaints","authors":"YongSoo Shim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2023.22.4.158","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Facial emotion recognition deficits impact the daily life, particularly of Alzheimer’s disease patients. We aimed to assess these deficits in the following three groups: subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and mild Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). Additionally, we explored the associations between facial emotion recognition and cognitive performance. Methods We used the Korean version of the Florida Facial Affect Battery (K-FAB) in 72 SCD, 76 MCI, and 76 mild AD subjects. The comparison was conducted using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with adjustments being made for age and sex. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was utilized to gauge the overall cognitive status, while the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) was employed to evaluate the performance in the following five cognitive domains: attention, language, visuospatial abilities, memory, and frontal executive functions. Results The ANCOVA results showed significant differences in K-FAB subtests 3, 4, and 5 (p=0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.004, respectively), especially for anger and fearful emotions. Recognition of ‘anger’ in the FAB subtest 5 declined from SCD to MCI to mild AD. Correlations were observed with age and education, and after controlling for these factors, MMSE and frontal executive function were associated with FAB tests, particularly in the FAB subtest 5 (r=0.507, p<0.001 and r=−0.288, p=0.026, respectively). Conclusions Emotion recognition deficits worsened from SCD to MCI to mild AD, especially for negative emotions. Complex tasks, such as matching, selection, and naming, showed greater deficits, with a connection to cognitive impairment, especially frontal executive dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive Cognitive and Behavioral Changes With Leukodystrophy due to <i>ABCD1</i> Gene Mutation.","authors":"Jinseok Park,&nbsp;Sanggon Lee,&nbsp;Heerah Lee,&nbsp;Jee Soo Lee,&nbsp;Moon-Woo Seong,&nbsp;Hee-Jin Kim","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2022.21.4.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2022.21.4.162","url":null,"abstract":"Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene, which is located on the X-chromosome (Xq28).1 Peroxisomal dysfunction leads to accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in adrenal glands and peripheral white matter of the central nervous system.2 In contrast to childhood-onset ALD, adult-onset ALD is relatively rare and asymptomatic until the 4th decade of life.1 Since ALD has X-linked inheritance, it is difficult to prioritize genetic testing when there are only a few family members. In addition, if there are extensive white matter changes without a definitive family history, early diagnosis is difficult because other etiologies such as demyelinating disease should be given priority consideration. Herein, we report a sporadic case of adult-onset ALD caused by ABCD1 mutation. The condition was originally thought to be a demyelinating disease. Therefore, the ALD diagnosis was delayed.","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"21 4","pages":"162-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/78/08/dnd-21-162.PMC9644059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40698323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for an Update for the Guideline for the Management of Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Minji Kim,&nbsp;So Young Moon","doi":"10.12779/dnd.2022.21.4.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12779/dnd.2022.21.4.107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention is being paid to diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) because early diagnosis and preventive management can slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease. In particular, in the present era, the use of biomarkers for predicting conversion into dementia is permitted in medical practice. Therefore, authors aimed to propose additional considerations when updating guidelines for the management of MCI, including predictable biomarkers, revising treatment option after additional clinical trials for cholinesterase inhibitors, and detailed regimes for lifestyle interventions. After reviewing 3 patients with MCI by detailed evaluation, we realized that cholinesterase inhibitors were not recommended. In addition, regular exercise and cognitive training were only possible recommendations for patients according to current guidelines, although all 3 patients had evidence of β-amyloid accumulation and related neurodegeneration. Furthermore, caregivers for all 3 patients were worried whether patients could keep doing regular exercise and cognitive training by themselves and asked about the economic training system which monitors patients so that they can keep training. Therefore, we propose that guidelines for managing MCI need to be updated in the present era when the use of biomarkers for predicting conversion into dementia is permitted in medical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72779,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and neurocognitive disorders","volume":"21 4","pages":"107-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/f6/dnd-21-107.PMC9644063.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40698324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}