Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)最新文献

{"title":"Anisotropic tissue biofabrication: conventional and advanced fabrication strategies for functional scaffolds.","authors":"Masoud Shirzad, Omid Kordi, Dasong Kim, Jungeun Choi, Priya Ranganathan, Jangbaek Han, Hae Gyun Lim, Seung Yun Nam","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8946","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural tissues possess structurally organized architectures that enable specialized mechanical and functional behaviors. Anisotropy, defined as the directional dependence of material properties, is a key characteristic observed across a wide range of biological tissues, including bone, tendon, cartilage, and vascular systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of anisotropy in native tissues by systematically analyzing its structural origins, including collagen fiber orientation, hierarchical organization, and gradient distributions. The degree and functional significance of anisotropy across different tissues are comparatively discussed to establish design benchmarks for scaffold fabrication. Conventional fabrication methods, including freeze-casting, mechanical anchoring, and electrospinning, are evaluated for their ability to induce anisotropy, although they remain constrained by restricted architectural control and scalability. Furthermore, advanced techniques such as additive manufacturing offer enhanced precision and tunability for engineering anisotropic scaffolds. Finally, emerging hybrid strategies that combine multiple fabrication principles provide promising solutions to overcome these limitations and achieve complex, tissue-mimetic architectures. Ultimately, this work presents a robust framework for designing next-generation anisotropic scaffolds that bridge the gap between natural tissues and engineered constructs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of ampicillin susceptibility in drug-resistant<i>enterococcus faecalis</i>via synergistic therapy with co-functionalized gold nanoparticles.","authors":"Qingqing Li, Mingzhi Huang, Peng Wang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae859a","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae859a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>(<i>E. faecalis</i>), a leading pathogen associated with severe nosocomial infections, poses a major control challenge owing to its widespread multidrug resistance. Current first-line therapies for<i>E. faecalis</i>infections combine ampicillin (Amp) with gentamicin or ceftriaxone, yet this approach is plagued by inherent toxicity and a tendency to promote drug-resistant strain colonization. To explore novel strategies against<i>E. faecalis</i>infections, we devised a combined treatment regimen consisting of methimazole (MMI) -melamine (Mel) co-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs, Mel-MMI@Au NPs) and Amp. Experiments demonstrated that Mel-MMI@Au NPs outperformed their single-ligand counterparts (Mel@Au NPs or MMI@Au NPs) in both stability and antibacterial activity. By disrupting bacterial cell membranes, Mel-MMI@Au NPs enhance Amp penetration across bacterial barriers for targeted inhibition, reducing Amp's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by eightfold. The fractional inhibitory concentration index of the combination was determined to be 0.375 (below the synergism threshold of 0.5), confirming a robust synergistic antibacterial effect. This dual-modified Au NPs-antibiotic strategy achieves low-dose synergistic bactericidal activity, delays resistance evolution, and ensures favorable biosafety, thereby overcoming the limitations of single antibiotics and representing a promising approach against multidrug-resistant<i>E. faecalis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An<i>in vitro</i>study of osteogenic and antibacterial properties of ZnO-BaTiO₃coated titanium.","authors":"Yujie Tao, Tingyu Xu, Yilai Jiao, Xiaohan Liu","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8947","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The research and development of artificial bone materials has become the focus of clinical bone tissue engineering research. Currently, surface modification is often used to give titanium excellent bone regeneration ability and antibacterial properties without changing its mechanical properties and biocompatibility. In this study, ZnO/BT coating (ZnO/BT-Ti) was successfully prepared on pure Ti surface by hydrothermal, in order to obtain titanium based artificial bone material with excellent osteogenic and antibacterial properties. ZnO/BT coating material did not show obvious cytotoxicity, and the coating material used in this study had good cytocompatibility. Compared with Ti, BT-Ti effectively promoted the expression of osteoblast-related genes and proteins in MC3T3-E1 cells, and ZnO/BT coating material further enhanced the promotion of bone differentiation of cells. Additionally, ZnO/BT-Ti significantly inhibited the proliferation of P.g and the formation of biofilm. Therefore, ZnO/BT composite ceramic coating has a synergistic effect on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, and significant antibacterial properties, providing the preliminary experimental support for the development of new artificial bone materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-based bioactive materials for osteoarthritis therapy: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Qing-Jun Liang, Shi Cheng, Bo-Rui Qiao","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8e16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ae8e16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial degenerative joint diseases with high incidence and heavy burden on human health and the world economy. Conventional approaches to combat OA have certain therapeutic efficacy. However, these treatments can inadvertently harm healthy tissues and lead to various complication. Biomaterials have emerged as a promising alternative due to their enhanced effectiveness, precise targeting, and spatiotemporal controllability. Despite these benefits, synthetic biomaterials - particularly inorganic nanomaterials used as drug delivery vehicles or direct therapeutic agents (e.g., ROS-scavenging nanozymes, lubricants, and photothermal platforms) - still face challenges such as rapid synovial clearance, limited cartilage penetration, and potential biocompatibility concerns, which have impeded their broader clinical application in OA treatment. To address these limitations, cell-based biomaterials leverage the intrinsic properties of cells-such as chemotaxis, homing ability, and biocompatibility-to design advanced therapeutic systems tailored for joint microenvironments. In this review, we first provide an analysis of OA abnormalities, including biophysical, cellular, and biochemical aspects. Then, we describe the design principles of cell-based biomaterials based on these abnormalities. Afterwards, we summarize various varieties of cell-based biomaterials and the recent advances of their applications in OA treatment. Finally, we explore the current challenges and prospects of cell-based biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupoint electrical stimulation with implantable carbon nanotube electrodes mitigates sciatic nerve injury-induced muscle atrophy.","authors":"Simin Ning, Yemao Chai, Qixuan Fu, Aotian Yu, Qing Liu, Yuhang Guo, Meng Li, Jiulong Zhou, Yeli Xiao, Yunjuan Wang, Yuanyuan Shang, Anyuan Cao, Cunzhi Liu, Baoyan Liu, Wenjing Xu","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae7fc4","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae7fc4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sciatic nerve injury (SNI) is a common form of peripheral nerve injury that often leads to persistent atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle. To address this issue, we developed an implantable electrode made of carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) for targeted acupoint electrical stimulation (AES) at the Huantiao acupoint (GB30) in SNI rats. CNTFs offer high tensile strength, excellent electrical conductivity, and proven biocompatibility. Following 21 consecutive days of AES intervention, we evaluated therapeutic effects through behavioral tests, morphological analysis, and biochemical assays. Compared to the SNI group, the AES group showed significantly improved hindlimb motor performance; increased gastrocnemius wet weight ratio; enlarged myofiber cross-sectional area; enhanced muscle histomorphology; reduced expression of pro-inflammatory and atrophy-related markers, including tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, muscle RING-finger protein-1, and muscle atrophy F-box/atrogin-1; and upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 in denervated skeletal muscle. Importantly, histopathological examination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the<i>in vivo</i>biocompatibility of the implanted CNTF electrodes, without chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or systemic toxicity. Electrochemical impedance measurements confirmed that the CNTFs maintained low impedance over the 21 d implantation period, indicating good<i>in vivo</i>stability. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the minimally invasive implantable AES system is an effective therapeutic strategy against SNI-induced muscle atrophy in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core-shell fibrous threads loaded with VEGF plasmid polyplexes for sustained, threshold-guided gene delivery.","authors":"Farzaneh Ghasemkhah, Masoud Latifi, Afra Hadjizadeh, Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar, Fatemeh Radmanesh, Hamid Sadeghi Abandansari, Mahdi Hesaraki, Shahram Azari","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae83f8","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae83f8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precise regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) delivery is essential for angiogenesis-oriented tissue engineering, because excessive or poorly controlled VEGF exposure may lead to abnormal and immature vascular structures. In this study, aligned core-shell fibrous threads loaded with deoxycholic acid-modified branched polyethylenimine/plasmid encoding VEGF (bPEI_1.8-DA/plasmids encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (pVEGF)) polyplexes were developed as a scaffold-mediated platform for sustained VEGF gene delivery. The polymer/plasmid DNA weight ratio was first optimized in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and a ratio of 2 was selected based on reporter-gene expression and cytocompatibility. The pVEGF polyplexes were then incorporated into the aqueous core of gelatin/poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (70:30) fibers using modified coaxial electrospinning equipped with a rotating disk collector. Electron and fluorescence microscopy confirmed the formation of bead-free aligned fibers with a core-shell architecture and successful polyplex incorporation. The aligned fibers were twisted into cohesive fibrous threads with an average diameter of approximately 148 μm. Genipin crosslinking preserved the fibrous morphology, improved scaffold stability, and increased Young's modulus from 37.13 to 49.81 cN/Tex while reducing extensibility.<i>In vitro</i>release studies showed that the core-shell structure, crosslinking, and compact thread architecture reduced the initial burst release and prolonged polyplex delivery over 33 d. The initial polyplex release from crosslinked threads was 16.59%, approximately 35% lower than that from crosslinked webs, and the released polyplex amount remained below the 100 ng threshold level for up to 16 d. Released polyplexes retained reporter-gene expression capability, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed prolonged VEGF secretion by HUVECs. The scaffolds also supported cell adhesion and metabolic activity. These findings indicate that aligned core-shell fibrous threads can provide sustained plasmid polyplex availability, prolong downstream VEGF secretion, and serve as a promising platform for localized angiogenic gene delivery, particularly in applications requiring directional fibrous architecture and localized vector delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controllable preparation of magnesium-hybridized PLA-PEG-PLA porous microspheres with anti-inflammatory function.","authors":"Xu Liu, Ziyang Yuan, Dong Zhou, Ziwei Tao, Mingpei Li, Lan Xiao, Jinzhong Zhao, Guomo Ruan, Yulin Li","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae83f9","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae83f9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodegradable polylactic acid-based microspheres have been widely used in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering, however, most of the microspheres typically possess simple surface structures, lacking bioactivity and the ability to promote cell adhesion. Our group previously synthesized poly (L-lactic acid) magnesium-doped microspheres (PMg) with immunomodulatory and osteogenic potential. However, several drawbacks of PMgs, such as high hydrophobicity, a narrow pore distribution and large average particle size, and limited sustainable Mg²⁺release, can affect cell adhesion and growth and thus restricting their biomedical applications. To address these limitations, in the current study, a poly (lactic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid) (PLEL) triblock copolymer was synthesized, and magnesium-incorporated PLEL porous microspheres (PEMg) were prepared through emulsion solvent evaporation combined with an<i>in-situ</i>doping method. Benefiting from hydrophilic PEG segments, PEMg displayed significantly improved surface wettability and structural stability. The optimized PEMg possessed nearly half of the average size of PMg. and an interconnected hierarchical larger pore structure (1-30 μm, average: 10 ± 1.4 μm), which effectively promoted cell adhesion and deep infiltration. Moreover, PEMg showed a sustained Mg²⁺release which is nearly 1.87-fold higher than PMg, capable of neutralizing acidic by-products and stabilizing the local microenvironment. The biocompatible PEMg could upregulate anti-inflammatory biomarkers (Arg-1, CD206) and inhibit pro-inflammatory factors (iNOS, TNF-<i>α</i>), achieving over 1.5 times anti-inflammatory capacity of PMg. In summary, the creatively developed PEMg microspheres integrate optimized structural features and enhanced biological performances. Compared with PMg, PEMg showed much better potential to satisfy the complex demands of tendon soft tissue repair and presents promising prospects for inflammatory microenvironment regulation and soft tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable metallic biomaterials for orthopaedic implants: a comprehensive review of biodegradable and conventional metals.","authors":"Nikhil Anand, Kaushik Pal","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8230","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The selection of biomaterial is crucial for the long-term success of implants. Materials that perform an adequate function and reduce negative biological responses should be taken. Due to their good mechanical strength, stainless steel, titanium, and Co-based alloys have been utilized for implant purposes; however, their permanent nature and very low corrosion rates may lead to long-term clinical complications. Researchers are looking for biomaterials that combine suitable mechanical properties with controlled and uniform degradation behaviour. In the last decade, magnesium and iron-based alloys have been seen as a good alternative and examined as promising biodegradable metals for implant applications. However, their excessively rapid corrosion (Mg) or extremely slow degradation (Fe) imposes significant limitations on their clinical applicability. In recent times, zinc-based alloys have been seen as new materials that will challenge magnesium and iron-based alloys. Zn²⁺ions released from zinc metal corrosion play a crucial role in bone metabolism, enzymatic activity, and cellular proliferation. However, the low mechanical strength and limited ductility of pure zinc restrict its direct utilization in load-bearing implants. Therefore, the fabrication of high-strength and ductile zinc-based alloys while maintaining biocompatibility and suitable corrosion rate remains a main research challenge. This article critically assesses and compares the mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour, and biocompatibility of magnesium-, zinc-, and titanium-based alloys, and inspects the impact of advanced fabrication methods, particularly additive manufacturing, on microstructure evolution and implant performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive oxygen species-functionalized hydrogels loaded with ginger-derived nanoparticles promote diabetic wound healing by modulating macrophage polarization.","authors":"Xinxin Geng, Dazhi Ke, Qinyi Xu, Ling Yuan, Huiting Luo, Hantao Wang, Lingling Ye, Yuzhe Liu, Qiurui Li, Wei Xiang, Chunli Li, Jianwei Wang, Shang Wang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae86a5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae86a5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic cutaneous injuries frequently exhibit prolonged inflammatory responses and excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which collectively impede normal healing cascade. Standard therapeutic approaches often yield suboptimal healing outcomes in this patient population, highlighting the urgent need for innovative and effective interventions. In this study, we examined whether macrophage polarization induced by a ROS-responsive hydrogel loaded with ginger-derived nanoparticles enhanced diabetic wound healing and identified the molecular pathways involved. In this study, a ROS-responsive hydrogel loaded with ginger-derived nanoparticles (Gdn@PT) was developed, and its morphology, ROS-triggered degradation, and drug release behavior were thoroughly characterized. The d<i>b/</i>d<i>b</i>spontaneous diabetic mouse model was employed, with animals randomly assigned to three groups (<i>n</i>= 10 per group): control, hydrogel alone (PT), and nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel (Gdn@PT). Full-thickness skin wounds were induced on day 0, followed by the respective treatments, and wound healing was monitored for 13 d. Histological analysis, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were conducted to assess wound closure, collagen deposition, inflammatory cytokine expression tumor necrosis factor (TNF-<i>α</i>), and macrophage polarization markers (CD86 and CD206).<i>In vitro</i>, the effects of Gdn@PT on macrophage polarization were investigated in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. Ginger-derived spherical nanoparticles were successfully isolated via tangential flow filtration and incorporated into ROS-responsive hydrogel matrices, yielding biocompatible nanocomposites. The therapeutic mechanism relied on the hydrogel scaffold's ROS-dependent structural degradation, which facilitated controlled release of the nanoparticulate payload within the wound microenvironment. In d<i>b/</i>d<i>b</i>diabetic wound models, this hydrogel significantly promoted wound healing and collagen deposition, which was accompanied by PI3K-AKT pathway activation, a prominent shift in macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, decreased TNF-<i>α</i>expression, and upregulated MCL-1 pro-survival mediator levels. These immunomodulatory effects were corroborated<i>in vitro</i>. This ROS-responsive hydrogel system, delivering ginger-derived nanoparticles, constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound management by leveraging oxidative stress to trigger on-demand bioactive release. Notably, treatment with this system was associated with PI3K-AKT pathway activation, M2 macrophage polarization, and enhanced tissue repair, suggesting its clinical potential. Nevertheless, the profound efficacy observed mandates further comprehensive investigations, including pathway-specific inhibition or genetic manipulation studies, to fully delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations and optimize translational viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148400031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sequentially orthogonal dual-peptide (TPS/DGEA) coating with synergistic anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and pro-endothelialization functions for vascular stents.","authors":"Huaishi Chen, Qihao Bian, Xinyu Pei, Jinyu Su, Xiaoyuan Xue, Kangli Lei, Wenzhai Cao, Junying Chen","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8599","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae8599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-eluting stents effectively reduce restenosis but are hampered by delayed re-endothelialization and chronic inflammation, which can trigger late thrombosis. Addressing this requires a surface that simultaneously promotes rapid endothelial repair, inhibits thrombosis, and modulates the local immune environment. Herein, we report a rationally designed dual-peptide coating on a titanium stent material, fabricated via a sequential orthogonal chemical coupling strategy. An antifouling polyethylene glycol (PEG) layer was first immobilized on a polydopamine base, followed by the controlled, stepwise grafting of the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-specific TPS peptide and the bifunctional DGEA peptide. This approach allows for precise tuning of the peptide ratio. The resulting TPS/DGEA coating demonstrated a temporal synergy in promoting endothelialization: the TPS moiety was responsible for the specific and efficient capture of EPCs, while the DGEA moiety subsequently enhanced the spreading and proliferation of both captured EPCs and mature endothelial cells, accelerating the formation of a confluent endothelium. Crucially, leveraging the intrinsic bifunctionality of the immobilized DGEA peptide, the coating significantly suppressed M1 macrophage polarization and reduced pro-inflammatory TNF-<i>α</i>secretion, demonstrating potent immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, the coating exhibited superior hemocompatibility through a dual-mechanism anticoagulation approach, combining the passive protein resistance of the PEG layer with the active molecular antagonism of the DGEA peptide against platelet integrin<i>α</i>₂<i>β</i>₁, which collectively inhibited platelet adhesion/activation and prolonged coagulation times. In an<i>ex vivo</i>circulation model, the dual-peptide coating dramatically reduced thrombus formation. This integrated strategy, which combines precise control over peptide presentation with the synergistic functions of EPC recruitment, immune modulation, and multi-mechanism anticoagulation, presents a promising and versatile platform for engineering the next generation of advanced cardiovascular stents.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}