Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)最新文献

{"title":"<i>In-situ</i>biomimetic mineralisation of dual cross-linked silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for bone regeneration.","authors":"Zhihao Zhang, Xiaoming Bi, Jiya Xu, Yi Yang, Zhiyue Dun, Yueqiu Wang, Mei Liu","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae11ec","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae11ec","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The structure of silk fibroin (SF) is similar to that of collagen, making it a commonly used template for mineralisation, nucleation, and growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp). However, the structure of SF has characteristics of high brittleness and poor toughness, which limits the application of pure SF as mineralisation material and needs modification. In the present work, we prepared a dual cross-linked composite scaffold (SCS) of SF and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through electrostatic attractions and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE)-bridged cross-links. The introduction of CMCS addressed the deficiencies of SF and provided more nucleation sites for HAp, enhancing the ability of the material to induce HAp formation, and thus better supporting cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. The results demonstrated successful HAp formation on mineralised scaffolds (SCS/25B and SCS/50B), with SCS/25B exhibiting optimal porosity (∼85.96%), suitable degradation rate (∼38.33%), favourable compressive strength (∼46.05 kPa), and high swelling capacity (∼1381%), meeting key requirements for porous scaffolds. Notably, SCS/25B significantly enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation (Alkaline phosphatase activity, and gene/protein expression of Runx2, OPN, OCN) compared to controls.<i>In vivo</i>animal studies confirmed no significant visceral toxicity in rats. Moreover, implantation of SCS/25B scaffolds for four weeks led to substantial new bone formation at the defect site. In conclusion, dual-SCS exhibits potential as a material for bone tissue engineering and provides insights into the design of SF-based biomimetic mineralisation materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sealing effect and degradation of polydioxanone weaving tracheal stents in a canine airway defect model.","authors":"Haihua Huang, Yi Hu, Peize Meng, Xinyue Yang, Yanxue Ma, Yongxin Zhou, Zheng Ruan","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae11e5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae11e5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of covered self-expandable metal (CSEM) stents for fistulas sealing is a common clinical approach. However, these stents need to be removed once their therapeutic goals are achieved. Our study designed and fabricated a dumbbell-shaped, high-porosity, biodegradable polydioxanone weaving tracheal (PW) stent, and investigated its sealing efficacy and degradation characteristics. A tracheal defect model was created in 24 beagle dogs. Six dogs were implanted with CSEM stents, while the remaining 18 dogs received PW stents. The dogs in the CSEM and PW groups were observed for up to 8 and 14 weeks, respectively, with clinical symptoms, tracheoscopy, computed tomography scans, and fluoroscopy monitored. Subsequently, the stents were retrieved to observe morphological changes, and measure mechanical properties. The PW stents exhibited excellent airtightness, with significantly fewer complications such as stent displacement and granulation tissue hyperplasia compared to the CSEM stents. The tracheal tissue response to the PW stent was relatively mild. After PW stent implantation, collagen fiber deposition at the defect site gradually increased, and cartilage structure regeneration was observed in later stages. Notably, cilia were largely absent in the tracheal epithelium, with squamous metaplasia observed even in the later stages of the experiment following PW stent implantation. Additionally, the PW stents remained mostly intact in the canine airways until week 12, and were completely degraded and disappeared from the canine airways at week 14, without causing severe complications. The PW stent, featuring excellent biocompatibility and uniform degradation in the large-animal airway, demonstrated clinical effectiveness in sealing tracheal defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Polymer Blend Vascular Grafts with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Rapid Cell Infiltration: Influence of Micro/Nanostructure, Polymer Composition, and Post-Processing on Pore Architecture and Bioengineered Environment.","authors":"Aurora Battistella, Morgan Linger, Richard Johnson, Meredith Overton, Anna Sallee, Rajan Jain, Bridget Antreasian, Yifu Ding, Wei Tan","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae164d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ae164d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arteriovenous (AV) shunts are critical conduits for patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Desired properties of next-generation AV graft materials include artery-like mechanics, clinically feasible manufacturing processes, and a bioactive interface that facilitates rapid and deep infiltration of neighboring cells to support tissue regeneration. These requirements inspired the design, fabrication, and post-processing of our constructs. In terms of material design, we evaluated the performance of three microfiber graft materials composed of a hydrophobic polymer and photo-clickable, 4-arm thiolated polyethylene glycol-norbornene (PEG-NB). The materials included two coaxially nanostructured fiber designs, each featuring a PEG-NB sheath and different cores - polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolactone-co-lactic acid (PLCL), respectively - and a mixed composition created by directly blending the sheath and core solutions during electrospinning. For post-processing, the constructs were either air-dried or freeze-dried. Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy, while mechanical properties were characterized through tensile testing and dynamic mechanical analysis. Subcutaneous implants were evaluated at 1, 4, and 16 weeks using histological, immunofluorescent, and multiphoton microscopy analyses to examine cellular distribution, material structure, and tissue remodeling. Results showed that the freeze-drying post-processing method enhanced overall porosity, stiffness, and ultimate tensile strength. Among all tested conditions, the freeze-dried core-sheath structure with PCL most closely matched the mechanical properties of native vessels. Using PLCL as a core material increased degradation and cell infiltration during the first month of subcutaneous studies. Ultimately, graft strength, porosity, and bioactivity were effectively modulated by the choice of core material and post-processing method. These findings provide insights into tailoring electrospun PEG-NB hybrid constructs as candidate AV shunt grafts, highlighting opportunities to balance mechanical performance, degradation, and bioactivity for end-stage renal disease patients requiring durable hemodialysis access.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145350057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemostatic and adhesion prevention performance of an extracellular matrix based novel agent in a mouse liver laceration model.","authors":"Seong-Jin Kim, In Ho Kang, Hyuk Joo Ahn, Wan Jin Cho, Hyun Jung Kim, Jinho Shin, Min Kyu Sung, Jae Hoon Lee, Eunsung Jun","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0d21","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0d21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic bleeding and tissue damage pose complex clinical challenges requiring rapid hemostasis and concurrent tissue regeneration. Although traditional hemostatic agents primarily focus on controlling bleeding, they generally lack additional functionalities such as preventing adhesion and promoting tissue regeneration, limiting their clinical utility. This study developed a composite regenerative hemostatic agent based on a porcine decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) to address these limitations. This agent is designed to achieve rapid hemostasis, prevent adhesions, and promote tissue regeneration. Its functionality was evaluated using a mouse liver laceration model to explore its clinical applicability. Hemostatic efficacy was assessed by measuring the bleeding time and blood loss, and comparing the composite agent with conventional commercial hemostatic agents. Additionally, the degree of adhesion between the liver and surrounding tissues was evaluated after re-opening the abdomen to confirm the anti-adhesion effects. Tissue regeneration and inflammatory responses at the injury site were further analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome (MT) staining, and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. The ECM-based hemostatic agent significantly reduced the bleeding time compared to conventional products and markedly reduced adhesion formation. In the experimental group, the agent enhanced cell attachment and proliferation at the damaged tissue site, to facilitate the natural tissue regeneration process, without inducing inflammatory or pathological changes. The developed composite hemostatic agent could overcome the limitations of existing products by integrating three crucial functions: rapid hemostasis, preventing adhesion, and promoting tissue regeneration. These findings suggest the potential for hepatocyte proliferation and tissue remodeling, which require further validation, and indicate promising applicability in complex surgical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly porous cryogel composed of bone matrix derived dECM and laponite for vascularized bone regeneration.","authors":"Xinyu Wang, Yidi Shi, Xiaomin Li, Chenyuan Gao, Yi Yan, Huijie Leng, Yingjie Yu, Xiaoping Yang, Qing Cai","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae10f5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae10f5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regenerating injured bone tissue remains a critical challenge, necessitating the development of functional scaffolds to support the intricate process of neo-bone growth. Various natural and synthetic materials combined with bioactive factors have been explored, but decellularized extracellular matrices (dECM) continue to stand out as excellent scaffolding materials due to their intrinsic bioactivity. In this study, we fabricated cryogel-type scaffolds with interconnected pores from decellularized bone ECM (DBM) after mineral removal. To enhance their angiogenic and osteogenic properties, we incorporated laponite (LAP), which is a kind of lithium magnesium silicate. For improved mechanical strength, the DBM was modified with methacrylic anhydride to enable chemical crosslinking among collagen macromolecules. The addition of LAP further contributed to mechanical reinforcement. The resulting composite cryogel demonstrated exceptional cyclic compressive stability, maintaining structural integrity and mechanical strength under repetitive loading.<i>In vitro</i>assays revealed its significant promotion of vascularization and osteogenic differentiation.<i>In vivo</i>studies using a rat cranial defect model confirmed substantial new bone formation and enhanced regeneration of vascularized bone tissue. These findings highlight the potential of bone-derived dECM materials for effective<i>in situ</i>bone regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell membrane-coated rough mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhanced osteogenic differentiation and bone repair via dexamethasone delivery.","authors":"Peng Chen, Jiawei Lu, Yi Liu, Hongwei Wang, Yaguang Han, Xiaoji Luo","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0bda","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0bda","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been demonstrated to promote osteoblast differentiation; however, the unclear impact of their surface roughness on osteogenesis, coupled with inadequate targeting capability and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, presents major challenges. Herein, we developed a biomimetic nanoplatform, CM@DEX-R-MSN, by coating dexamethasone (DEX) loaded-rough MSN (R-MSN) with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) membranes (CM) to enhance osteogenic differentiation of MSCs for improved bone regeneration. The CM@DEX-R-MSN showed retained rough surfaces with a hydrodynamic diameter of 164.35 ± 5.81 nm, a Zeta potential of -11.98 ± 1.37 mV with good MSC membrane integrity, negligible cytotoxicity both<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i>. CM@DEX-R-MSN exhibited significantly enhanced MSC internalization compared to uncoated MSN. They markedly upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic markers, and mineralization nodule formation<i>in vitro</i>. In bone defect model established in rabbits, CM@DEX-R-MSN restored bone volume and prolonged retention at the defect site. More importantly, we experimentally observed that both R-MSN and CM-coated nanoparticles exhibited superior osteogenic differentiation effects compared to conventional MSNs and non-coated counterparts, respectively-with CM@DEX-R-MSN demonstrating the most potent efficacy. Our results demonstrated that CM@DEX-R-MSN synergistically integrates MSC membrane-mediated homotypic targeting, nanotopography of R-MSN, and DEX-driven osteogenic differentiation, offering a promising targeted therapeutic strategy for bone regeneration. Their enhanced biocompatibility, osteogenic efficacy, and sustained retention underscore its translational potential for orthopedic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Crosslinked Collagen Biomaterial Inks for 3D Bioprinting Applications.","authors":"Abdulbaki Belet, Selçuk Kaan Hacıosmanoğlu, Enes Atas, Ummuhan Demir, Gihan Kamel, Murat Kazanci","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae142e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae142e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering faces significant challenges due to limited organ availability and transplantation risks. This study developed and characterized crosslinked collagen bioinks extracted from calf skin for 3D bioprinting applications. Collagen was extracted using pepsin digestion and purified through dialysis. Bioinks were prepared at 3%, 4%, and 5% (w/v) concentrations and crosslinked using genipin (1, 3, 5 mM) and riboflavin (1 mM) with UV-A activation. Optimal printing parameters were determined as 5% (w/v) collagen concentration with 0.26 mm nozzle diameter. Synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy confirmed successful crosslinking through characteristic peak shifts in amide regions. Mechanical testing revealed enhanced compressive strength: riboflavin-crosslinked scaffolds (1.5 ± 0.08 MPa) > genipincrosslinked scaffolds (1.19 ± 0.12 MPa) > uncrosslinked scaffolds (0.66 ± 0.03 MPa). Cell viability assessments using fibroblasts showed that 1 mM genipin crosslinking increased cell viability to 181.2 ± 29.32% compared to uncrosslinked controls, while higher genipin concentrations (3 mM) reduced viability to 62.10 ± 15.74%. Riboflavin crosslinking maintained biocompatibility with 130.43 ± 166.26% cell viability. These results demonstrate that both crosslinking agents successfully enhance mechanical properties while maintaining biocompatibility, with optimal parameters dependent on specific application requirements for tissue engineering scaffolds.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aligned nanofibrous patch for sustained nicardipine delivery and enhanced chondrogenic differentiation in annulus fibrosus repair.","authors":"Deekshika Sekar, Sumi Vs, Jim Vellara, Reshmi Cr, Manitha Nair","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae142d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ae142d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intervertebral disc herniation is a leading cause of chronic low back pain, where the avascular nature of the disc limits nutrient transport to resident cells, resulting in cellular dysfunction and matrix degeneration. Enhancing vascular perfusion at the region has therefore emerged as a promising strategy to support disc repair. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a biomimetic, mechanically stable nanofibrous annulus fibrosus (AF) patch capable of sustained nicardipine delivery, while simultaneously supporting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability and chondrogenic differentiation. For this, aligned and random poly(ε-caprolactone) / gelatin (75:25) nanofibrous patches were fabricated, with the hypothesis that scaffold architecture would influence both drug release behaviour and cellular response. The results showed that the aligned fibres exhibited larger pore size and increased surface hydrophilicity compared to randomly oriented fibres. Nicardipine was efficiently encapsulated and released in a sustained manner over 21 days, with an additional late-stage increase in drug diffusion in aligned scaffolds. In vitro assessment using MSCs confirmed cytocompatibility, and markedly improved cell viability on aligned scaffolds. Overall, the findings demonstrate the potential of aligned, nicardipine-loaded PCL-gelatin nanofibrous AF patches as a dual-function platform for localized drug delivery and AF regeneration following discectomy. Further evaluation using native AF cells and relevant in vivo models will be essential to determine long-term efficacy and safety.&#xD;&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilayer oxidized sodium alginate-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel microspheres enable sustained BMP-2 release for enhanced bone regeneration.","authors":"Yafei Yuan, Xige Zhao, Jiangqi Hu, Yixuan Zhu, Xuening Deng, Qingsong Jiang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0778","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae0778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a highly potent osteoinductive factor that has received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration due to its significant osteogenic properties. Nonetheless, its clinical utility is limited by adverse effects linked to supraphysiological dosing and its brief half-life. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a safe and effective delivery system to enable the sustained release of BMP-2. In this study, we have developed bilayer-structured oxidized sodium alginate-carboxymethyl chitosan (OAC) microspheres through the application of electrospraying and the Schiff reaction. The inner layer, composed of oxidized sodium alginate, electrostatically adsorbs BMP-2, while the porous polyelectrolyte membrane on the surface enhances adsorption, thereby effectively regulating the prolonged and controlled release of BMP-2. We assessed the minimal osteogenic induction concentration of BMP-2 on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) to optimize the BMP-2 loading concentration within the microspheres.<i>In vitro</i>experiments demonstrated that the bilayer membrane structure of the hydrogel microspheres significantly delayed the release of BMP-2, facilitating a long-term, sustained release. Furthermore, the microspheres facilitated the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. The osteogenic-promoting efficacy of the BMP-2-encapsulated OAC microspheres was further corroborated<i>in vivo</i>through implantation alongside calcium phosphate cement into the dorsal region of nude mice. Collectively, the BMP-2-encapsulated OAC microspheres we developed constitute a promising clinical approach to augment scaffold degradation and osteogenesis for the repair of bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, morphological, and cytotoxicity evaluation of surfactant-modified niobium oxides.","authors":"Milena Mattes Mattes Cerveira, Vithor Parada Garcia, Luize Blotta de Melo, Cleiton Jesus Andrade Pereira, Fabio Calcagno Riemke, Bruno Nunes da Rosa, Lucas Gonçalves, Bruno Vasconcellos Lopes, Gabriela Carvalho Collazzo, Catherine Especel, Gwendoline Lafaye, Laurence Vivier, Neftali L V Carreño, Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira, Janice Luehring Giongo, Rodrigo De Almeida Vaucher","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ae13ca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/ae13ca","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The employment of metal nanoparticles for biomedical applications is gaining visibility as a result of their excellent properties. Niobium oxide (Nb2O5) possesses interesting physicochemical properties that can be modified for its use in prosthetic coatings. However, there are only a limited number of studies in the literature concerning its characterization as a pure powder, its surface modification and their cytotoxicity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate nine different Nb2O5 samples synthesized using the microwave technique, each with a different surfactant. XRD results indicated that all samples were amorphous, and the addition of surfactants did not seem to cause any alterations, as indicated by Raman and FTIR. SEM images revealed that the particles tended to form aggregates; modification of parameters such as surface area and acid sites was also observed, with pure Nb2O5 having the highest area (230.4 m2/g) and NbSDS5 having the highest total acidity (3141 µmol/g). We assessed the cytotoxicity in sheep's erythrocytes and the Zebrafish Liver (ZF-L) cell line. Pure Nb2O5 exhibited high cytotoxicity at 10 mg/mL in red blood cells with an erythrocyte survival rate of 15%. The MTT assay that revealed that NbCA1 showed only 27.1 % cell viability, while NbSDS1 was able to increase cell proliferation (101.1 %) even at a lower pH. Compounds were also able to interfere with the intrinsic coagulation pathway, with several samples exceeding the clotting time (> 120 s). Nb ions leaching to the medium does not seem to directly affect cytotoxicity. Pearson's correlation does not indicate a direct relationship between surface area, acid sites, and cytotoxicity assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}