Optical and Quantum Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic control over nonlinear absorption and refraction in Orange G via tautomerism and encapsulation: a DFT-assisted Z-scan study","authors":"Zahra Arbabi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Rostamabadi,&nbsp;Masoud Mansouri,&nbsp;Soheil Sharifi","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09184-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09184-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the Orange G (OG) molecular system were investigated using a combined experimental and theoretical framework, focusing on the modulating roles of azo-hydrazone tautomerism, nanoscale confinement, and encapsulation. The pH-dependent conversion from the azo form (OGA) to the hydrazone form (OGH) results in distinct optical changes; meanwhile, encapsulation within AOT-stabilized n-heptane nanodroplets (ranging from 7 to 265 nm in size) causes little change in absorption but significantly enhances emission intensity. Z-scan measurements indicate that encapsulation increases the nonlinear absorption coefficient (<span>(:{beta:}_{NLA})</span>) to 6.75 × 10⁻⁴ cm/W and the nonlinear refractive index (n₂) to 11.43 × 10⁻⁹ cm²/W; the change in n₂ is attributed to the low thermal conductivity of the host solvent (n-heptane). Advanced Density Functional Theory (DFT) and GW-BSE calculations reveal that these NLO modifications are primarily governed by changes in molecular polarizability and dipole moments 60.41 × 10⁻²⁴ esu and 11.20 D for OGA versus 63.49 × 10⁻²⁴ esu and 6.75 D for OGH in aqueous environments rather than by changes in the band gap. A strong positive correlation between elastic scattering intensity and <span>(:{beta:}_{NLA})</span> indicates that charge redistribution and local dielectric fluctuations underpin both linear and excited-state optical responses. Overall, these results demonstrate that tautomerism and dielectric confinement offer a robust strategy for tuning NLO responses in OG-based nanohybrids, highlighting their potential for advanced photonic switching, optical limiting, and sensing platforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A compact quadratic model for optically injected lasers: geometric invariants, constrained chaos, and analog circuit realization","authors":"D. E. Essebe,&nbsp;A. D. Mengue,&nbsp;B. Z. Essimbi","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09182-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09182-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a low-dimensional polynomial formulation for optically injected semiconductor lasers, obtained through an exact real-variable transformation that removes all trigonometric nonlinearities. While real and imaginary optical-field representations have been previously employed, the present formulation provides a polynomial structure that facilitates geometric analysis and analog implementation. The reduced system accurately reproduces the structure and chaotic regimes of the standard laser rate equations while remaining compact and suitable for analog electronic implementation. Despite exhibiting a positive maximal Lyapunov exponent, the chaotic attractor remains geometrically confined to an annular region in the phase space, preserving the system’s fundamental energy scale. An organizing property of the chaotic dynamics, referred to as constrained chaos, is revealed. Numerical analysis shows that the mean effective radius is conserved with an accuracy exceeding 98%, indicating persistent geometric confinement inherited from the free-running laser. An equivalent analog electronic circuit is designed and validated using Multisim simulations, showing strong agreement with numerical results. The circuit implementation provides a real-time, hardware-oriented representation of the polynomial dynamics and enables continuous parameter tuning. These results demonstrate that chaos in optically injected semiconductor lasers possesses intrinsic geometric organization, providing a compact framework for studying and physically emulating structured chaotic dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Synergistic enhancement of optical, dielectric, and photocatalytic properties in flexible PMMA films reinforced with CuO@Co3O4 core–shell nanoparticles","authors":"F. Gomaa,&nbsp;M. E. Moustapha,&nbsp;M. I. Mohammed","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09153-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09153-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization-insensitive configurable frequency comb equalizer","authors":"Islam A. M. Moukhtar,&nbsp;Hussein E. Kotb,&nbsp;Diaa A. M. Khalil","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09173-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09173-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we report a configurable integrated optical equalizer that compensates for the channel power non-uniformity generated from an integrated silicon photonic frequency comb generator. The proposed design utilizes a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with unequal splitting couplers and optimized optical-path length difference. Configurability, achieved via heater-tuned MZI-based couplers, mitigates deviations from the theoretically predicted spectral response. Polarization insensitivity is enabled by a novel three-arm MZI design. The differences in the optical-path lengths were optimized to minimize the maximum normalized power non-uniformity from 20.9% at the frequency comb generator output to 5.5% (TE field) and 4.4% (TM field) across eight frequency lines around 1550 nm, with a line spacing of 200 GHz.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Modification of bismuth borate networks with lithium and molybdenum: effects on structure, optical, and nonlinear optical properties","authors":"Ahmed Hammad,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Hammad","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09171-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09171-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of copper-tin-sulphide Cu2SnS3 absorber thin films by spin coating method for solar applications","authors":"Youssef Nouri,&nbsp;Bouchaib Hartiti,&nbsp;Ali Faddouli,&nbsp;Abdelkrim Batan,&nbsp;Ahmed Ziti,&nbsp;Abdellah Laazizi,&nbsp;Abdelmalek Ouannou,&nbsp;Hicham Labrim,&nbsp;Hervé J. Tchognia Nkuissi,&nbsp;Philippe Thévenin","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09123-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09123-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research effort, we synthesized copper-tin-sulphur Cu₂SnS₃ (CTS) absorbers by sol–gel process associated with the spin-coating deposition technique on the ordinary glass substrates. We investigated the impact of annealing temperature without sulfurization on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical characteristics of samples annealed at 275 °C, 300 °C, 325 °C and 350 °C. CTS absorbers were characterized using several analytical techniques, including x-ray diffraction (XRD), A range of analytical techniques were employed, including Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, four-point probe technique and Hall effect. A polycrystalline structure was exhibited by XRD patterns with peaks matching those of the pure tetragonal phase of Cu₂SnS₃ and agreeing with the (112), (200), (204) and (312) directions. The dimensions of the crystallites were found to range from 5.4 to 7.23 nm. A peak at 332 cm⁻¹ was identified by Raman spectroscopy, and this is the signature of the pure tetragonal phase of Cu₂SnS₃. As the annealing temperature rose from 275 °C to 300 °C, the SEM micrographs showed an increase in film density and uniformity. As the annealing temperature increased, the band gap increased from 1.5 to 1.8 eV. CTS samples prepared without sulfurization technique have been observed to have high carrier concentrations of 1.234 × 10¹⁸ cm⁻³, better mobility of 5.532 × 10¹ cm²/Vs and low resistivity of 9.141 × 10^–2 Ω.cm. These observations are based on Hall measurements of Cu₂SnS₃ thin films. Using experimentally measured CTS parameters as SCAPS-1D inputs, the best simulated device efficiency reaches 20.60%. Through systematic optimization of absorber thickness and doping, a theoretical upper-bound PCE of 23.7% is obtained under fully idealized conditions. Also, we achieved an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.36 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 26.30 mA/cm², and a fill factor (FF) of 90.10%. These results highlight the potential of using CTS as an absorber layer in solar cell devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger-Maxwell-Bloch system with the sextic terms and its optical soliton phenomena in erbium-doped fibers","authors":"Hanqin Xiao,&nbsp;Shaowei Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09177-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09177-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work investigates the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger-Maxwell-Bloch (NLS-MB) system with the sextic terms, which governs the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in erbium-doped fibers. Obtaining exact solutions for such a high-order nonlinear vector system under given boundary conditions is extremely challenging. To overcome this difficulty, after complex calculations and analysis, we successfully constructed the corresponding Riemann–Hilbert (RH) problem, and thereby obtained the <i>N</i>-soliton solutions in determinant form for this system. We write down the explicit expressions of the single-soliton, two-soliton, and three-soliton solutions of the system. These solutions exhibit rich nonlinear collision effects among solitons. Through asymptotic analysis, we show that these collisions are approximately elastic, similar to the superposition effect of linear waves. Specifically, we find an interesting physical phenomenon, namely that the waveform of the solution can transform between solitons and breathers. This phenomenon originates from the higher-order terms of the system, demonstrating the physical effects brought by the introduction of higher-order mathematical terms in nonlinear systems. We also identify the criterion for this phenomenon, namely the condition for “qualitative change of the waveform”. Specifically, we find that the high-order terms exert a “modulation” effect on the solutions of the nonlinear system. Furthermore, when the criterion is satisfied, this quantitative “modulation” effect induces a qualitative change, i.e., the breather solution transforms into a completely different soliton solution. These results precisely reveal the physical significance of the higher-order terms. To the best of our knowledge, these results have not been reported in the literature. These results not only deepen our understanding of ultrashort optical pulses in erbium-doped fibers but also have implications for the development of optical communication technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband binary metasurface with reduced angular and polarization dependencies at THz frequencies","authors":"M. Khalaji,&nbsp;T. Pakizeh","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09178-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09178-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective operation of metasurface technology demands wideband stability, along with robustness to various polarizations and incidence angles. In this study, we propose a graphene-based binary metasurface that exhibits dual functionality, reflecting the incident wave in the OFF-state, while absorbing it in the ON-state by controlling the graphene Fermi level. The performance of the designed structure was investigated for incidence angles up to 60° under both TE and TM modes across the 0.1 to 4 THz wideband frequency range. The results show that, in the OFF-state, the minimum reflection remains stable under both polarizations, showing a variation of only 13% for oblique incidence relative to normal incidence. On the other hand, in the ON-state, this binary metasurface achieves an absorption rate of over 98% for wide-angle incidence at the operating frequency. Furthermore, the average absorption across a wide bandwidth of 1.5 THz remains above 50% for all investigated incident angles, which can effectively mitigate electromagnetic interference in the surrounding environment. Finally, an equivalent electrical circuit model (ECM) of the selected structure is presented to validate the computational results. This proposed metasurface with low sensitivity to angle and polarization may have practical applications as a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) platform in 6G communication links and THz sensor networks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From superhydrophilic to hydrophobic silica thin films by sequential piranha etching, PEG-templated sol–gel deposition and silane modification: transparent self-cleaning and anti-icing coatings for solar cover glass","authors":"Zahra Sadat Sajadnejad,&nbsp;Akbar Eshaghi,&nbsp;Alireza Nasr Esfahani,&nbsp;Hossein Salehi,&nbsp;Branka Hadžić","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09168-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09168-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silica-based hydrophobic and antireflective thin films were fabricated by a two-step dip-coating process. In the first step, superhydrophilic silica coatings were prepared from a tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) sol containing different amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the second step, the surface was modified with trichloromethylsilane (TCMS) to impart hydrophobicity. The films were deposited on glass substrates and heat treated. Structural, morphological, wetting, and optical properties were characterised by FE-SEM, ATR-FTIR, contact angle goniometry and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The optimal PEG content was 0.7 g, yielding a superhydrophilic surface with a water contact angle of 0°. After TCMS modification, the contact angle increased to 120° ± 2°, indicating hydrophobic behavior. Visible light transmittance increased to 94%, compared with 91% for bare glass. FE-SEM revealed a uniform, crack-free film of thickness 69 ± 5 nm decorated with silica nanoparticles; the resulting nanoscale roughness, combined with the methyl termination introduced by TCMS, accounts for the observed wetting behaviour. After ultraviolet irradiation and salt-fog exposure the coatings remained hydrophobic, with contact angles of 100° ± 3° and 108° ± 3°, respectively. Qualitative self-cleaning and icing experiments showed that contaminant particles were carried away by rolling droplets and that the onset of freezing was delayed by roughly a factor of two relative to bare glass. The films also showed high mechanical durability, with a pencil hardness of 6H. Taken together, the results constitute a laboratory-scale proof of concept for transparent, fluorine-free self-cleaning and anti-icing coatings on solar cover glass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational design and analysis of parametrically optimized optothermal platform for breast cancer ablation","authors":"Mohd Mansoor Khan,&nbsp;Snigdha Roy Chowdhury","doi":"10.1007/s11082-026-09167-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-026-09167-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breast tumor detection and ablation via near-infrared (NIR) optothermal techniques requires inducing a slight, well-regulated subsurface temperature increase while remaining within clinical safety thresholds. A two-dimensional axisymmetric COMSOL^® Multiphysics model was constructed, incorporating multilayer breast tissue, Pennes’ bioheat formulation, and Lambert–Beer optical absorption. The simulation examines the optothermal response due to the combined effects of laser intensity, beam radius, tumor radius, tumor depth, and laser standoff height on early-stage breast tumor tissue. In contrast to prior works that adjust a single parameter or assume prolonged irradiation, this study adheres to clinical limits: a 10–-20 s laser exposure followed by a 150 s stabilization period. The analysis indicates that an intensity of 3000 W/m² with a 0–– -0.01 m standoff distance with a beam radius of 0.007 m achieves the diagnostic temperature target of 39 <span>(^circ)</span>C without surpassing safety margins. These results establish practical design guidance for future NIR-based breast imaging and therapeutic platforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}