Optical and Quantum Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of ZnO/cold sprayed Al system and their correlation with photovoltaic performance","authors":"S. Maadadi,&nbsp;M. E. A. Benamar,&nbsp;Y. Mebdoua,&nbsp;K. Derkaoui,&nbsp;F. Lekoui,&nbsp;J. M. Nunzi,&nbsp;H. Derbal Habak,&nbsp;M. El Ganaoui,&nbsp;N. Belkhalfa","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08266-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08266-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of ZnO layers deposited on cold sprayed Al layer, emphasizing their potential for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. Optical measurements revealed a reduction in the ZnO bandgap to approximately 2.45 eV when interfaced with Al, broadening its absorption into the visible range and enhancing light-harvesting capabilities. Dielectric analysis showed a significant increase in the real part of the dielectric constant (ε_r), reaching values up to 2.8 in the visible spectrum, indicative of polarization behavior. The imaginary part (ε_i) demonstrated enhanced light absorption, further supported by increased optical conductivity (σ_opt). Electrical conductivity analysis revealed improved charge transport properties, highlighting the ZnO/Al system’s efficiency in facilitating charge transfer. To evaluate its photovoltaic potential, the ZnO/Al system was integrated into a simulated perovskite solar cell as the electron transport layer (ETL). The simulated device achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.1%, with Jsc = 28.2 mA/cm², Voc = 1.2 V, and FF = 82%. Optimization of the ZnO thickness revealed that a 100 nm layer would provide the best performance, balancing light absorption, charge transport, and minimal resistance. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectrum demonstrated a peak response (~ 90%) in the visible range (400–750 nm), confirming the efficiency of charge collection and transport. These findings highlight the superior optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of the ZnO/Al system, making it a promising candidate for high-efficiency optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. The results provide a solid foundation for further development of ZnO-based materials in renewable energy applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and optical analysis of eosin Y-doped polymeric blend (PVA/PVP) films for solar energy: towards multi-bandgap solar absorbing materials","authors":"T. H. AlAbdulaal,&nbsp;Ali Almoadi,&nbsp;V. Ganesh,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Alqahtani,&nbsp;H. Y. Zahran,&nbsp;Samer H. Zyoud,&nbsp;Q. Z. AlSalim,&nbsp;I. S. Yahia","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08229-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08229-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The progression of the optical field employing dye materials has created remarkable attention in optoelectronics technology. The polymeric blend of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was doped with various weight concentrations of eosin Y (EY) dye ((0, 0.06, 0.3, 0.6, 2.96, 5.925, and 17.77 wt%), using a simple, low-cost, effective, and friendly solution casting method. The synthesised EY-PVA/PVP polymeric films’ semi-crystallinity and the impact of the various doped concentrations on the degree of crystallinity size, dislocation, and lattice strain were both validated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. The functional chemical groups and significant intermolecular interaction between the host PVA/PVP polymeric matrix and the filler eosin Y dye were validated by the FT-IR approach. The significant impacts of different EY dye weight percentages on the optical characteristics, absorbance, transmittance, absorption coefficient, and optical energy direct/indirect bandgaps of the suggested EY: PVA/PVP composite polymeric films were examined using UV–Vis-NIR spectrophotometry. The transmission was recorded to be 87% for the 17.77 wt% EY-doped composite at 1300 nm. The absorption spectra depicted three intense peaks at 517, 313, and 199 nm wavelengths, which were dropped with the increase in wt% concentration for the EY-doped PVA/PVP films. Another standout characteristic is the attenuation of total absorption, visible as a cut-off absorbance in approximately 600 nm wavelength. The optical energy bandgap for the host PVA/PVP blend polymer was about 5.19 eV, while the indirect value was 4.96 eV. Directly bandgaps for the EY-doped PVA/PVP composites lowered from 5.35 eV to 1.94 eV, where the second region of the direct energy gap is in the range of 3.71–2.69 eV, and the third is in the 2.24–1.94 eV range. The optical limiting effects of two laser sources (532 nm green diode) and (635 nm He–Ne) using a (fixed sample holder) Z-scan system were studied for the planned EY-doped PVA/PVP polymeric films. The remarkable structural and amazing optical results of the novel EY-doped PVA/PVP composite polymeric films have approved the ability for optoelectronics, cut-off filters, solar cells, LEDs, communication devices, optical switches, and optical laser limiters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering the optoelectronic properties of semiconductor quantum dots via quantum cutting and quantum entanglement for optoelectronic devices","authors":"Nisar Ali,&nbsp;Hanane At Lahoussine Ouali,&nbsp;Otman Abida,&nbsp;Mohamed Essalhi,&nbsp;Bakhtiar Ul Haq","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08257-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08257-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For optimized optoelectronic devices, appropriate photon management is required such that full energy spectrum of the photons are properly captured. In conventional solar cells and photoelectrolytic devices, the electron hole-pair is generated by the incoming photon with energy above a certain threshold. The excess energy being lost to heat as thermalization thus reduces the overall performance of the device. To circumvent the situation, space separated quantum cutting process is used in which a high energy photon can be split into two low energy photons compatible with the environment for exciton generation. Such photon engineering can effectively increase the overall efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In this review, we demonstrate photon splitting via quantum cutting (QC) by semiconductor nanocrystals, where the resonance created in the coupled quantum dots causes quantum entanglement and hence downconversion mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of transition metal doping on the optical characteristics of Se–Te thin film","authors":"Nisha Kumari,&nbsp;S. Fouad,&nbsp;H. Atiya,&nbsp;Neeraj Mehta","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08262-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08262-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The optical properties of Se_80−xTe₂₀TM_x thin films (Where, TM = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and x = 0 or 2) were studied for their compositional dependence. Binary and ternary thin films were deposited onto preheated glass substrates using the thermal evaporation method under high vacuum conditions (~ 10⁻⁶ Torr). Through the collection of observational spectral data for both reflectance and transmittance across 200–2500 nm using an Ultraviolet (UV)—spectrophotometer, we evaluated the optical properties of the prepared thin films. Distinct samples exhibited unique optical characteristics. The optical absorption coefficient (<i>α</i>), refractive index (<i>n</i>), and extinction coefficient (<i>k</i>) were determined from the transmission (<i>T(λ)</i>) and absorption measurements. The analysis includes various linear optical parameters, such as the refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, and loss tangent, all discussed with wavelength. The optical band gap <span>({(E}_{g}^{opt}))</span> and Urbach tail <span>({(E}_{u}))</span> have been determined through the analysis of the spectral variation in the dispersion characteristics. This calculation provides critical insight into the electronic structure and disorder within the material. The current samples exhibit the indirect optical transition, which is confirmed by the transition power factor <i>m</i>. Using the theoretical Wemple-DiDomenico model, we calculated the static refractive index (<i>n</i>), oscillator energy (<i>E</i>_<i>0</i>), and dispersion energy (<i>E</i>_<i>d</i>). The refractive index dispersion data adhered to the single oscillator model, which facilitated the determination of the dispersion parameters and the high-frequency dielectric constant. Further, the nonlinear characteristics of the samples are evaluated through their susceptibility and nonlinear refractive index.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced nonlinear optical performance of electro-spun 5C2NA-PEO fibers","authors":"Anurag Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Atheena Pramod,&nbsp;Sabari Girisun,&nbsp;Nagalakshmi Ramamoorthy","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08256-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08256-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we synthesized electro-spun fibers of 5-Chloro-2-Nitroaniline (5C2NA) embedded in polyethylene oxide (PEO) in submicron range. We conducted comprehensive analysis of these fibers, including their morphological, structural, vibrational, mechanical, linear and nonlinear optical properties. Nonlinear optical effects such as saturable absorption (SA) and reverse saturable absorption (RSA) are our particular interest of investigation for this report, which play a crucial role in the development of all-optical logic gates and optical limiting devices. The transition between SA and RSA is especially significant for optoelectronic applications. Using the Z-scan technique, we demonstrated the ability of 5C2NA-PEO fibers to show RSA and SA together under varying pump intensities. The nonlinear optical parameters such as nonlinear absorption coefficient and limiting threshold have been calculated and compared with bulk 5C2NA. An enhancement in the nonlinear optical performance has been noticed in fibrous form. The nonlinear absorption has been found to be increased almost five times and optical limiting threshold is reduced three times. Higher nonlinear absorption and lower limiting threshold of the materials always extends its utility for applications. These switching properties of 5C2NA-PEO fibers with enhanced performance hold promise for various applications such as logic gates, optical switching and optical limiting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of infrared to visible light upconversion in oxyfluorophosphate glass containing Yb3⁺/Er3⁺ ions","authors":"Najla Khaled Almulhem","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08263-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08263-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A spectral upconversion glass made from oxyfluorophosphate containing Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ ions (OFP-ErYb glasses) was fabricated using the melt/quenching technique. A host glass network composed of 50P₂O₅-20PbO-15CaF₂-14MgF₂-1Er₂O₃ (OFP:Er³⁺) was prepared and incorporated with 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mol% of Yb₂O₃, substituting for CaF₂, resulting in OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-1, OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-2, and OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-3 glasses. Structural variations from including Yb³⁺ ions into the host OFP:Er³⁺ glass were analyzed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), density measurements, density-based parameters, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The high density of Yb₂O₃, local environmental changes, and the high polarizability of Yb³⁺ ions, significantly impacted the structure of the host OFP:Er³⁺ glass. As a crucial factor in spectral conversion materials, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ultrasonic velocity measurements assessed thermal stability and elasticity. The fabricated glasses exhibited high thermal stability and adequate elasticity, indicating their potential as conversion materials for various applications. Distinctive absorption bands of the Er³⁺ ions detected in the 200–1100 nm region. The energy was successfully transferred from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺ upon excitation at 980 nm, generating two intense red emissions at 648 nm and 734 nm, along with two weaker green emissions at 550 nm and 578 nm. The chromaticity coordinates for OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-1, OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-2, and OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-3 correspond to yellowish-white, yellowish-white, and pinkish-red, with color purities of 20.91%, 35.91%, and 24.25%, respectively. A significant increase in emission intensity was observed at 5 mol% of Yb³⁺ (OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-2 glass), whereas a quenching effect of 7.5 mol% (OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-3 glass), caused a reduction in emission intensity. Therefore, the 5:1 Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ ratio (OFP:Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-2 glass) in the oxyfluorophosphate glass demonstrated highly efficient upconversion of NIR light at 980 nm to visible light at 550, 578, 648, and 734 nm, along with excellent thermal stability and good elasticity, making it an ideal option for photonics and optoelectronics materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz nanoantenna sensor for detection of biomarker L-2-Hydroxyglutarate, design optimization and testing","authors":"Olga P. Cherkasova,&nbsp;Sergei A. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;Alina A. Rybak,&nbsp;Maria R. Konnikova,&nbsp;Dmitry E. Utkin,&nbsp;Nazar A. Nikolaev","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08260-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08260-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L-2-Hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) plays a significant role in many physiological processes and is considered as a biomarker for various types of oncology. So, its rapid and quantitative measurement in tissues and body fluids is of great clinical importance. The goal of this work is to develop highly efficient photonic sensor for L-2HG using the effect of nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of terahertz absorption. We present the numerical results of the design optimization for L-2HG sensor based on Si/SiO₂-wafer-backed arrays of golden nanoantennas (NA) of linear geometry for the resonant frequency of 1.337 THz. NA sensor was fabricated by nanolithography, characterized by scanning electron microscope and tested with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Experimental validation of the NA sensor showed its specific sensitivity to L-2HG. A number of methods have been proposed to improve the accuracy of the NA sensor characterized using THz-TDS technique by an order of magnitude.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tungsten-alumina-graphite based metamaterial absorber with concentric ring cavities for efficient solar energy harvesting","authors":"Chandra Shekhar Prasad,&nbsp;Mayur Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08242-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08242-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel broadband metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA), featuring a concentric ring cavity-based structure. The design utilizes a tungsten-alumina-graphite three-layer configuration, achieving over 90% absorption across 200–000 nm wavelengths, with peak absorption exceeding 99% in key solar spectrum ranges. Optimization through parametric analyses enhances performance across UV, visible, and near-infrared regions. The absorber demonstrates polarization insensitivity due to symmetrical unit cell structure and high efficiency for incident angles up to ± 45^°. The calculated total solar absorption efficiency ranges from 92 to 97% and the solar thermal efficiency is 93% and the total thermal emissivity is 93%. The use of thermally stable materials potentially enables high-temperature applications. Numerical simulations validate the design’s effectiveness, contributing to the development of more efficient solar energy harvesting devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise-driven multi-scroll hidden attractor destruction in optical injection semiconductor laser system","authors":"A. D. Mengue,&nbsp;D. E. Essebe,&nbsp;B. Z. Essimbi","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08247-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08247-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Within this framework, Langevin noise effects are studied by using a modified rate equations system of semiconductor lasers, endowed with an additional decisive parameter (<i>γ</i>). Relative intensity noise and frequency noise along with noise fluctuations, are calculated and consistently parsed out by means of injection current and <i>γ</i>-parameter variations. As results, the decrease of the <i>γ</i>-value or the increase of the injection current entails a substantial reduction of noise and a multi-parametric control of the relaxation frequency of noise on multiple GHz. Noise-driven multi-scroll hidden attractor (MSHA) destruction is performed using modified intensity fluctuations of noise, through injection current variations in the vicinity of the accurate relaxation frequency for specific <i>γ</i>-values. By means of both new structures of a MSHA deriving from the two-parameter bifurcation analysis, a dynamic variability of the fine structure of the MSHA showcases a strange collapsing scenario through both topological tipping points. The first point gives rise to a strange fibrous structure spreading out of the attractor, which refines and intensifies (like a crystallization of the points cloud juxtaposed in mappings 2D). The second critical point triggers a gradual piercing of that crystal lattice, relying on the fine structure of the MSHA thus making way for a dimensionless blank space as the noise strength increases. The utter destruction of the fine structure of the MSHA occurs for very high noise strengths, clearly shedding light on the disparate impact of different parts making the structure of such chaotic attractor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the thermal, mechanical, optical and nonlinear characteristics of triaqua-(4-nitrophenolato)-lithium: a potential semiorganic single crystal for nonlinear optical applications","authors":"Jyoti,&nbsp;N. Vijayan,&nbsp; Kiran,&nbsp;Divyansh Joshi,&nbsp; Chetan,&nbsp;Sanyam Jain,&nbsp;Geetanjali Sehgal,&nbsp;B. Sridhar","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08250-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08250-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A bulk-size semiorganic single crystal of triaqua-(4-nitrophenolato)-lithium (NPLi·3H₂O) was harvested using the slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) under ambient conditions. Good quality NPLi·3H₂O crystal was analyzed using various instrumentation techniques to assess its suitability for different applications. Its crystallographic structure and unit cell dimensions were evaluated through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and single crystal XRD, confirming that it crystallizes in a monoclinic structure with a non-centrosymmetric nature (P_c). The optical properties of NPLi·3H₂O crystal were analyzed using photoluminescence (PL) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Thermal stability evaluation was conducted by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the activation energy was calculated based on TGA data. Mechanical stability was evaluated using the Vickers microhardness method, revealing a reverse indentation size effect explained by various theoretical models. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics were investigated using the Z-scan technique, and its nonlinear absorption coefficient (NLA) was determined from open-aperture data. The nonlinear analysis suggests that the NPLi·3H₂O crystal could be an excellent candidate for optical limiting applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}