{"title":"Bio-Ecovillages As an Integrated Model for Living and Territorial Development Based on Bioeconomy Principles","authors":"T. N. Gaeva, R. G. Vasilov","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602281","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602281","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of progressive models of social and natural living using key technologies of the sixth technological paradigm (biotechnology, nanotechnology, nature-based technologies, robotics, information technology, AI, etc.) will significantly contribute to overcoming the consequences of the global polycrisis caused by an imbalance in the “nature–technology–society” system. This review provides a retrospective analysis of the idea of harmonizing technosphere–biosphere contradictions by creating sustainable models of living and improving the human environment through technological and urban-planning solutions. The principle features of the bio-ecovillage concept as the most promising, innovative, and sustainable forms of organized living are considered. The foundational ideas of the concept of bio-ecovillages are presented, as well as an assessment of their role in shaping the bioeconomy sector, addressing issues of territorial and environmental security, and solving pressing problems of socio-economic and demographic development in the Russian Federation.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S34 - S43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. S. Golokhvast
{"title":"Intermolecular Interactions of Graphene Nanosheets with Enzymes of the Danio rerio Antioxidant System","authors":"P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602396","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602396","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the results of a study on the physicochemical characteristics of the binding between single-layer graphene nanosheets (GNs) and typical enzymes of the antioxidant system of the fish <i>Danio rerio</i>. The enzymes chosen as target proteins were superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 8 (Gpx8) and catalase (Cat). Virtual molecular structures of the target enzyme and GN were modeled and optimized. Two GN sizes were studied: 25 × 25 and 35 × 35 Å. Using UniProt DB and PrankWeb, annotated binding amino acid residues were compared with amino acid residues associated with GN obtained from the prediction results. For all proteins except Gpx8, the topology of amino acid residues potentially involved in binding to nanosheets was precisely localized. The number of amino acid residues involved in the formation of the molecular cavity ranged from 13 to 30. Molecular interactions between enzymes, proteins and GN were predicted using the rigid molecular docking method using AutoDock software. The study showed the formation of more stable GN-enzyme complexes for 25 × 25 Å GN with fairly low binding energies. The Gibbs free energy values for each combination of GN-enzyme complexes range from –10.1 to ‒15.9 kcal/mol. The article discusses the potential biological effects of the studied carbon-based GNs on the antioxidant system of fish <i>D. rerio</i>. The presented approach seems promising for studying and predicting the cytotoxicity of pollutants based on graphene nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S199 - S203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Rodaev, V. M. Vasyukov, A. O. Zhigachev, A. A. Samodurov, N. M. Kurkina, A. I. Tyurin
{"title":"Strengthening of Freshwater Ice with Nanofibrous Cellulose and Polyvinylpyrrolidone","authors":"V. V. Rodaev, V. M. Vasyukov, A. O. Zhigachev, A. A. Samodurov, N. M. Kurkina, A. I. Tyurin","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602426","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of nanofibrous cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone with different molar masses in the concentration range of 0.003–3 wt % on the compressive strength and fracture behavior of fabricated ice composites in comparison with pure freshwater ice is studied. It is found that, with an increase in the mass fraction of the filler from 0.3 to 1 wt % for all ice composites, a transition from brittle to ductile fracture occurs. The maximum strengthening effect is achieved with the addition of 0.3 wt % of the filler to ice. The highest compressive strength is observed in the ice composites with cellulose nanofibers and long polyvinylpyrrolidone molecules, exceeding the compressive strength of pure ice by approximately 1.7 times.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S163 - S167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. Yu. Kirichenko, K. S. Golokhvast
{"title":"Study of Intermolecular Interactions of Enzyme of the Antioxidant System Danio rerio and CdS and ZnS Nanoparticles","authors":"P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. Yu. Kirichenko, K. S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602372","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602372","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents the results of studying the intermolecular interactions of enzymes of the <i>Danio rerio</i> antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 8, and catalase) and Cds and ZnS nanoparticles. The virtual molecular structures of target enzymes and metal sulfide nanoparticles were modeled and optimized. For all proteins except glutathione peroxidase 8, the topology of amino acid residues potentially involved in binding to nanotubes was precisely localized. The number of amino acid residues involved in the formation of the molecular cavity ranged from 13 to 30. According to the results of the study, it was found that the formation of nanoparticle-enzyme complexes with average binding energy values from –3.43 to –8.24 kcal/mol is possible. All nanoparticles were characterized by the formation of electrostatic bonds in the ligand-binding sites of proteins, which in general should lead to the same scenario in the form of inhibition of protein function. The presented approach is promising for studying the eco- and cytotoxicity of such pollutants as nanoparticles of cadmium and zinc sulfides.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S119 - S123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. V. Zakharova, I. A. Vasyukova, G. V. Grigoriev, L. D. Rodionova, S. M. Tatarko, E. Yu. Koiava, A. A. Gusev
{"title":"Ecotoxicity Assessment of the Cr2GaC MAX Phase for Bacteria, Microalgae, and Plants","authors":"O. V. Zakharova, I. A. Vasyukova, G. V. Grigoriev, L. D. Rodionova, S. M. Tatarko, E. Yu. Koiava, A. A. Gusev","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602475","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602475","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As the applications of MXenes expand, the need for research into the hazards associated with MAX phases increases. This study, for the first time, assessed the effects of the Cr<sub>2</sub>GaC MAX phase (crystal size 200–400 nm) on <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteria, <i>Chlorella fusca</i> microalgae, and <i>Triticum aestivum</i> plants. A dose-dependent toxic effect of Cr<sub>2</sub>GaC on <i>E. coli</i> bacteria has been established. However, either no effect or a stimulating effect of the Cr<sub>2</sub>GaC MAX phase on the growth, viability, and photosynthetic parameters of <i>C. fusca</i> cultures was observed. Assessment of the effect of Cr<sub>2</sub>GaC on wheat plants also revealed no significant negative impact. These results can be used in the future development of MXene-based products and devices for biotechnology, agriculture, and environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S135 - S143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. V. Novozhden, S. V. Nesterov, Yu. N Malakhova, A. G. Rogov, R. G. Vasilov
{"title":"Lipid Monolayers As a Model of the Interfacial Boundary of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane","authors":"M. V. Novozhden, S. V. Nesterov, Yu. N Malakhova, A. G. Rogov, R. G. Vasilov","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602438","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602438","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Langmuir monolayers are a convenient model system for studying some processes occurring at the interface of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). This review summarizes current scientific data on the use of monolayers to model the IMM, with an emphasis on the role of cardiolipin, a unique phospholipid with four acyl chains and two phosphate groups, which plays a key role in IMM structure formation and in the function of oxidative phosphorylation enzymes, and possibly in stabilizing protons at the interface and in their transfer from proton pumps to ATP synthase. The review discusses the advantages of monolayer systems over classical models: the ability to control the degree of lipid compression, the larger interfacial area, and compatibility with almost all detection methods. The key features of cardiolipin in monolayers are described in detail: conical molecular geometry, pH-dependent phase transitions, sensitivity to divalent cations (in particular, calcium), domain formation, and interactions with other components of the membrane/monolayer. Despite the good applicability of monolayer systems, limitations arise because the one-dimensional structure of a monolayer cannot fully reproduce IMM properties. A strategy for further development of monolayer model systems is proposed, including the use of lyso-forms of cardiolipin to optimize molecular geometry, the control of oxidative damage to polyunsaturated lipids, experiments at low pH and physiological ion concentrations, and the application of modern methods for proton generation at the interface (photoacids, or molecules that release protons upon illumination).</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S44 - S54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. S. Golokhvast
{"title":"Structural Features of Binding of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Enzymes of Antioxidant System Danio rerio","authors":"P. D. Timkin, D. D. Kotelnikov, A. A. Penzin, I. E. Pamirsky, S. M. Ugai, E. Yu. Koiava, V. V. Chaika, K. S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602360","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents the results of a study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the binding of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) with typical enzymes of the antioxidant system of the fish <i>Danio rerio</i>. The enzymes chosen as target proteins were superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 8 (Gpx8) and catalase (CAT). Virtual molecular structures of target enzymes and SWNT were modeled and optimized. Three main types of SWCNTs have been studied: chair conformation (chirality <i>n</i> = <i>m</i> = 7, repeats =9, length ≈22 Å); “zigzag” conformation (chirality <i>n</i> = 7, <i>m</i> = 0, repeats =6, length ≈21 Å; “chiral” conformation (chirality <i>n</i> = 7, <i>m</i> = 3, repeats =1, length ≈37 Å. Comparisons of annotated amino acid residues binding with the prediction of the molecular cavity with amino acid residues conjugated with SWNTs was carried out using UniProt DB and PrankWeb. For all proteins except Gpx8, the topology of amino acid residues potentially involved in binding to nanotubes was accurately localized, ranged from 13 to 30. Molecular interactions between proteins and SWNT s were predicted using the molecular docking method using AutoDock software. The study showed that the formation of generally stable SWNT–enzyme complexes with fairly low binding energy values for each. Combinations of SWNT–enzyme complexes range from –13.41 to ‒18.09 kcal/mol. The potential biological effects of the studied carbon nanotubes on the biochemical and physiological systems of <i>D. rerio</i> fish are discussed. The presented approach is promising for studying pathophysiological models of cytotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S114 - S118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Yu. Kirichenko, V. V. Chayka, V. N. Volkova, A. S. Kholodov, S. G. Parshin, Julia S. Parshina, A. V. Pogodaev, A. V. Gridasov, T. Yu. Orlova, K. S. Golokhvast
{"title":"Embryotoxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoparticles from Underwater Welding on Sea Urchins Strongylocentrotus Intermedius","authors":"K. Yu. Kirichenko, V. V. Chayka, V. N. Volkova, A. S. Kholodov, S. G. Parshin, Julia S. Parshina, A. V. Pogodaev, A. V. Gridasov, T. Yu. Orlova, K. S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602335","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602335","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Underwater welding is an important technological process in the marine industry. However, it results in the formation of nanoparticles and microparticles containing toxic metals (such as Cr, Cu, Pb, and Mn) that pose a threat to marine ecosystems. This study evaluated the effect of particles produced by different underwater welding methods (wet welding and flux-cored wire and coated electrode cutting) on the embryonic development of the sea urchin <i>Strongylocentrotus intermedius</i>. Experiments were conducted using welding suspensions at 1 and 10% concentrations to simulate real contamination conditions. The results revealed a notable reduction in embryo viability at every developmental stage (from the initial divisions to the gastrula stage), particularly at high concentrations. Particles from powdered wire (APL-2) and coated electrodes (ELw, ELc) were found to be the most toxic, which correlated with their increased heavy metal content. Exposure to welding particles was found to result in the following: \u0000• increased embryo death (up to 11.5% at the blastula stage in the ELc group vs. 5.93% in the control group); \u0000• disruption of cell division and morphological abnormalities; \u0000• cumulative toxic effects that increase over time. \u0000The findings emphasize the need to develop environmentally safe welding technologies and strengthen pollution monitoring in areas of active underwater activity. The study contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms behind the toxic effects of anthropogenic particles on marine organisms and can serve as a basis for environmental regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S227 - S234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Prospects for the Use of Nanosilica Sols As Highly Effective Si-Rich Biostimulators","authors":"E. A. Bocharnikova, K. G. Gaev, V. V. Matichenkov","doi":"10.1134/S2635167626600057","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167626600057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silicon-containing materials are considered promising agents for enhancing plant resistance to abiotic stresses. These include nanosilica sols, which, according to laboratory studies, can serve as a source of orthosilicic acid, a widely recognized effective biostimulant. The results of a pot trial conducted with 4 different silica sols show that their application increases wheat adaptability to drought by enhancing the content of photosynthetic pigments and activating key antioxidant defense enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase. This leads to a reduction in the negative effects of oxidative stress. The environmental safety and availability of such agents justify further research in this direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S153 - S156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. A. Vasyukova, O. V. Zakharova, G. V. Grigoriev, N. S. Strekalova, O. A. Fedorova, P. M. Evlakov, A. A. Gusev
{"title":"Study of Antimicrobial and Growth-Stimulating Activities of Copper(II) Oxide Nanoparticles on the Microshoots of the Hybrid White Poplar × Aspen and Downy Birch under In Vitro Culture Conditions","authors":"I. A. Vasyukova, O. V. Zakharova, G. V. Grigoriev, N. S. Strekalova, O. A. Fedorova, P. M. Evlakov, A. A. Gusev","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602116","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) of various morphologies at concentrations of 10–200 mg L<sup>–1</sup> on the microshoots of the hybrid white poplar × aspen and downy birch was studied. Low NP concentrations increased sterility and stimulated growth, whereas high concentrations inhibited development. Nanospheres and nanoflakes reduced contamination more effectively than nanorods. For the white poplar × aspen hybrid, the use of nanoflakes at a concentration of 10 mg L<sup>–1</sup> was optimal for sterilization and stimulation of multiplication, while for birch, nanospheres at concentrations of 10–100 mg L<sup>–1</sup> were optimal for reducing contamination. White poplar × aspen exhibited higher resistance to the effects of CuO NPs, whereas birch was more sensitive to NP exposure. Overall, CuO NPs appear to be promising agents for micropropagation; however, further studies are required to minimize phytotoxic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S87 - S96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}