S. D. Polishchuk, G. I. Churilov, V. V. Churilova, D. G. Churilov, Yu. N. Ivanycheva
{"title":"Biopolymer Composites and Nanoscale Systems in Crop Production","authors":"S. D. Polishchuk, G. I. Churilov, V. V. Churilova, D. G. Churilov, Yu. N. Ivanycheva","doi":"10.1134/S263516762560213X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S263516762560213X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly dispersed nanostructures composed of metal nanoparticles and natural polymers, particularly humic acids, have been shown to enhance crop yields. Nanostructures with high surface energy and their composites smaller than 100 nm can eliminate microbial contaminants and positively influence genetic transformation, plant biochemical activity, and crop quality. The comparative effectiveness of metal nanoparticles and their composites, both as microfertilizers and as stimulants of plant growth and development, has been evaluated. The effect of optimal doses of the nanomaterials has been studied and biochemical investigations have been performed. The developed recommendations for the use of copper nanoparticles, humic acids, and their composites can be implemented in crop production and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S184 - S192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. I. Tyurin, V. V. Korenkov, D. Yu. Golovin, V. M. Vasyukov, N. A. Sazhnev, N. R. Kildeeva, E. A. Zaitseva, N. L. Klyachko
{"title":"Investigation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan–Fibroin Films by Continuous Nanoindentation Methods","authors":"A. I. Tyurin, V. V. Korenkov, D. Yu. Golovin, V. M. Vasyukov, N. A. Sazhnev, N. R. Kildeeva, E. A. Zaitseva, N. L. Klyachko","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602323","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents the results of studying frequency and deformation rate dependencies of mechanical properties of chitosan–fibroin polymer films designed for medical purpose as a substrate for cell proliferation. Nanoindentation in continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) mode employing harmonic addition to applied load and quasi-steady loading in creeping mode were used to study film mechanical properties at different scale levels and deformation rates. Based upon experimental data processing, adequate analytical model of viscoelastic properties of the film was developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S176 - S183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. P. Chebotaryova, O. V. Zakharova, P. A. Baranchikov, G. V. Grigoriev, S. M. Tatarko, A. A. Gusev, T. V. Semenyuk, E. Yu. Koiava
{"title":"Highly Dispersed Blast-Furnace Sludge As a Promising Source of Trace Elements in the Cultivation of Microalgae","authors":"S. P. Chebotaryova, O. V. Zakharova, P. A. Baranchikov, G. V. Grigoriev, S. M. Tatarko, A. A. Gusev, T. V. Semenyuk, E. Yu. Koiava","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602141","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602141","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of blast-furnace sludge containing trace elements (iron, zinc, silicon) on the microalgae <i>Chlorella fusca</i>, <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>, and <i>Scenedesmus rubescens</i> under the conditions of a newly developed photobioreactor is investigated. It is shown that the addition of sludge in concentrations of 0.1–1 g/L stimulates culture growth. The maximum number of <i>C. fusca</i> and <i>C. vulgaris</i> cells is observed at 1 g/L of sludge in the medium, and in <i>S. rubescens</i>, at 0.1 g/L. At the same time, the viability of <i>C. vulgaris</i> decreases by 17%, and <i>S. rubescens</i>, by 23% at the maximum sludge concentration. <i>C. fusca</i> proves to be the most tolerant to its effects. It is worth noting that an increase in the total protein content is noted for <i>C. fusca</i> and <i>S. rubescens</i>, which makes this approach promising for the production of feed additives. The results obtained, taking into account the need to assess environmental safety, can be applied in the development of biotechnologies for the disposal of industrial waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S124 - S134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. G. Churilov, S. D. Polishchuk, M. A. Gavrilin, A. A. Sidorov, G. K. Rembalovich
{"title":"Contribution of Highly Dispersed Systems to the Technology of Producing Promising Materials with Specified Properties","authors":"D. G. Churilov, S. D. Polishchuk, M. A. Gavrilin, A. A. Sidorov, G. K. Rembalovich","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602165","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly dispersed systems are widely used in agriculture, including composite coatings in the repair of agricultural machinery and process equipment. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) of metals, oxides, and carbon nanotubes makes it possible to obtain the structure of a part with a wide range of specified properties. It is established that during the electrochemical restoration of worn parts from electrolytes containing solid highly dispersed particles, the latter are introduced into the electrodeposited matrix forming dispersion-strengthened composite electrodeposited coatings. Complex electrochemical chromium-based coatings with the addition of ultradispersed oxide particles with a thickness of more than 60 μm thick are obtained; they exhibit increased wear resistance, service life, and reliability of operation (wear resistance by 2.5 times, hardness by 1.43 times).</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S193 - S198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. P. Kuvyrchenkova, Kh. Kh. Epremyan, A. G. Rogov, R. G. Vasilov
{"title":"Microbiological Foundations of the Biotechnological Application of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii","authors":"A. P. Kuvyrchenkova, Kh. Kh. Epremyan, A. G. Rogov, R. G. Vasilov","doi":"10.1134/S263516762560244X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S263516762560244X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The biotechnological potential of microalgae represents a uniquely versatile platform due to the combination of their inherent biological properties, which make these organisms highly promising for a wide range of applications. Microalgae are a compelling alternative to bacterial and yeast biotechnological systems: they retain the advantages of unicellular platforms while simultaneously possessing the ability for autotrophic growth, ensuring a continuous supply of substrate and energy for biosynthesis. This dual nature enables the development of new, more economically favorable biotechnological processes within relatively short time frames. Microalgae offer a more cost-effective route for the large-scale production of many compounds, particularly when low production costs and high output volumes are required. This review summarizes recent data on the microbiological aspects of the biotechnological use of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>, highlighting current parameters for high-efficiency cultivation and the physiological and metabolic mechanisms underlying process optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S55 - S61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. V. Grigoriev, O. V. Zakharova, N. S. Strekalova, E. Yu. Koyava, S. M. Tatarko, A. A. Gusev
{"title":"Effects of the Size and Shape of PHMB-Stabilized CuO Nanoparticles on Morphometric and Biochemical Parameters of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seedlings","authors":"G. V. Grigoriev, O. V. Zakharova, N. S. Strekalova, E. Yu. Koyava, S. M. Tatarko, A. A. Gusev","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602487","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602487","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the increasing use of nanomaterials in agriculture, the effects of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on plants are of considerable interest. This study analyzes the effect of CuO NPs synthesized by chemical precipitation and electrical explosion of a wire, as well as a commercial CuO NP sample, all stabilized with the antimicrobial polymer polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB), on spring wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) seedlings. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy have revealed significant differences among the samples in phase purity, particle size, and morphology (rod-shaped, spherical, and flake-like particles). Rod-shaped nanoparticles from the commercial sample exhibited the highest colloidal stability in aqueous dispersions. Bioassays have shown that all CuO NP dispersions enhanced seed germination and biomass accumulation, particularly in roots, while seedling length was reduced. The strongest stimulatory effect, including increased chlorophyll content and catalase activity, has been recorded for the commercial CuO NP sample at a concentration of 100 mg/kg. Copper accumulated predominantly in the above-ground parts of the plants. Overall, the results indicate that nanostructured CuO–PHMB complexes may represent an effective approach for improving the growth of spring wheat. However, long-term studies are needed to assess their ecological safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S144 - S152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya. E. Sergeeva, D. V. Sukhinov, K. V. Gorin, V. M. Pozhidaev, G. V. Mikhailov, M. G. Petrova, V. G. Suchkov, V. S. Khlevnaya, R. G. Vasilov
{"title":"Phototrophic Microorganisms in the Global Bioeconomy: Advances, Barriers, and Regional Perspectives","authors":"Ya. E. Sergeeva, D. V. Sukhinov, K. V. Gorin, V. M. Pozhidaev, G. V. Mikhailov, M. G. Petrova, V. G. Suchkov, V. S. Khlevnaya, R. G. Vasilov","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602153","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of phototrophic microorganisms (microalgae and cyanobacteria) in the emerging global bioeconomy based on the latest scientific data and market trends. The work sequentially considers the key application sectors: production of food products and nutraceuticals; feed for aquaculture and livestock; biofertilizers and biostimulants; valuable compounds for cosmetics, medicine, and pharmaceuticals; and biofuels and bioproducts. Each section analyzes current technologies, economic and regulatory barriers, successfully implemented applications and prospects for development of the industry. Particular attention is paid to highlighting the unique features and opportunities for the Russian Federation within each area, such as the potential for the import substitution of feed additives and biofertilizers, the use of industrial CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and wastewater, the development of technologies for cold climates, as well as existing scientific groundwork. The review emphasizes the need to adapt global trends to regional conditions for sustainable development of the bioeconomy based on phototrophic microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S13 - S33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Minaychev, M. I. Kobyakova, I. S. Fadeeva, R. S. Fadeev, A. S. Senotov
{"title":"Biotechnological Potential of Terpene Nanoemulsions in Medicine and Agriculture","authors":"V. V. Minaychev, M. I. Kobyakova, I. S. Fadeeva, R. S. Fadeev, A. S. Senotov","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602244","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modern biological threats, such as pandemics and zoonotic epidemics, highlight the necessity and importance of strengthening national biosecurity systems and technological sovereignty in healthcare and agriculture. At the same time, current vaccination systems face a number of serious challenges and limitations, including dependence on imported adjuvants and raw materials, logistical difficulties maintaining the cold chain, the invasiveness of traditional vaccination methods, and the generation of hazardous waste. To address these challenges, a technology is developed for producing a highly effective and safe adjuvant based on nanoscale terpene emulsions using high-pressure homogenization. Physical–chemical studies confirmed the emulsion’s high stability for 12 months at 25 ± 2°C without any signs of separation. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the resulting emulsion. The emulsion ensures effective antigen delivery and presentation and enhanced the immune response, outperforming the commercial analogue MF59 by a factor of four. The low cost and use of domestic raw materials in emulsion production will reduce the dependence on imported adjuvants and strengthen technological sovereignty, forming the basis for the development of high-tech biotechnology in the Russian Federation.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S235 - S244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Samodurov, A. I. Tyurin, V. V. Korenkov, M. A. Yunak, V. V. Rodaev, A. O. Zhigachev, G. V. Grigoriev, V. A. Tyurin
{"title":"Mapping of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of End-Cut Pine Wood by the Scratch Test Method for the Problems of Dendrochronology and Dendroclimatology","authors":"A. A. Samodurov, A. I. Tyurin, V. V. Korenkov, M. A. Yunak, V. V. Rodaev, A. O. Zhigachev, G. V. Grigoriev, V. A. Tyurin","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602347","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of mapping the mechanical properties, in particular, microhardness <i>H</i><sub>S</sub>(<i>r</i>, φ), of the entire surface of end cuts of Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) wood using the scratch test method, followed by use of the data for dendrochronology and dendroclimatology, are presented. A multiple increase in <i>H</i><sub>S</sub> (from 50 to 250 MPa) within an annual ring (AR) is revealed during the transition from early wood (EW) to late wood (LW). From the scratch-test curves, the width of the AR in various radial directions is determined and EW and LW are identified. A correlation analysis of the AR parameters with climate data is carried out. Time intervals are identified in which temperature or precipitation have the greatest positive or negative impact on the AR parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 1","pages":"S168 - S175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. S. Vinogradova, Z. A. Spiridonova, T. A. Antysheva, Zh. Yu. Sidorova, P. S. Kasatsky, E. A. Tolstyko, A. Paleskava, A. L. Konevega
{"title":"(p)ppGpp Binding to the Bifunctional Enzyme RelSeq Increases Its Conformational Stability","authors":"D. S. Vinogradova, Z. A. Spiridonova, T. A. Antysheva, Zh. Yu. Sidorova, P. S. Kasatsky, E. A. Tolstyko, A. Paleskava, A. L. Konevega","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625601895","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625601895","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under adverse environmental conditions bacterial cells survive by activating the “stringent response,” which is mediated by the accumulation of small signaling alarmone molecules (p)ppGpp. The synthesis of (p)ppGpp from ATP and GDP/GTP and their hydrolysis to GDP/GTP and pyrophosphate are catalyzed by enzymes of the RSH (RelA/SpoT Homologue) family. Studying the complex allosteric mechanism underlying the bifunctional activity of these enzymes and the maintenance of intracellular levels of (p)ppGpp is a topical issue in modern science. In this work we determine the conformational stability and binding efficiency of the bifunctional homologue of the RSH family Rel<sub>Seq385</sub> with nucleotides depending on their concentration and the ionic composition of the reaction mixture.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"20 6","pages":"903 - 915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}