{"title":"Classification of Nanostructured Drug Carriers from the Viewpoint of Their Colloidal-Chemical Nature","authors":"N. M. Murashova","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602268","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A classification of nanostructured drug delivery systems based on their colloidal chemical properties and chemical composition is proposed. Drug agent nanocarriers can be divided into six main groups: self-organizing (thermodynamically stable) surfactant nanostructures, thermodynamically unstable nanostructures with the participation of surfactants, polymer nanoparticles and nanostructures, inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, and supramolecular structures. Based on the proposed classification, modern approaches to the use of nanoparticles and nanostructured systems for drug delivery are analyzed and their advantages, drawbacks, and application prospects are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 3","pages":"371 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. M. Kuznetsov, V. V. Kovaleva, Yu. D. Zagoskin, S. N. Malakhov, S. N. Chvalun
{"title":"Electrorheological Properties of PEDOT:PSS/PEG Composite Particles in Silicone Oil","authors":"N. M. Kuznetsov, V. V. Kovaleva, Yu. D. Zagoskin, S. N. Malakhov, S. N. Chvalun","doi":"10.1134/S2635167626602548","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167626602548","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A technologically simple method for forming highly porous composite particles of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate with polyethylene glycol by spraying the dispersion followed by crystallization and sublimation of the solvent is proposed. The resulting particles have a predominantly spherical shape and are used as a filler for an electrorheological fluid based on silicone oil. The fluid exhibits solid-like behavior under an electric field, which is expressed in the appearance and increase of the static yield stress values. The mechanism of the electrorheological effect is analyzed based on the dependence of the static yield stress values on the electric field strength. The relative efficiency of the developed fluid has been assessed. A contrasting change in the behavior of the material during stimulation has been revealed. The ability of the fluid to repeatedly and sequentially respond to the electric field has been demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 3","pages":"416 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. R. Akhmetova, V. A. Rusakova, D. A. Matveev, S. A. Shipilovskikh, A. S. Timin
{"title":"Development of a Multifunctional Delivery System Based on Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Combined Radiotherapy of Melanoma","authors":"D. R. Akhmetova, V. A. Rusakova, D. A. Matveev, S. A. Shipilovskikh, A. S. Timin","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625602050","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625602050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel multifunctional delivery system based on calcium carbonate nanoparticles has been developed for combination radiotherapy of melanoma. Encapsulation protocols for a therapeutic compound have been successfully implemented, using potassium 1-amino-1,6-dioxo-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-cyano-4-((3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[<i>b</i>]thiophen-2-yl)amino)hexa-2,4-dien-3-olate, which has an antitumor effect, and the radioisotope radium-223 as an example. Controlled pH-dependent kinetics of drug release is demonstrated. The efficiency of radiolabeling with radium-223 was ~95.9 ± 3.1% with a high degree of activity retention in vitro (more than 90% after 144 h). The developed delivery system based on calcium carbonate nanoparticles demonstrated high biocompatibility with MDCK cells. The resulting radiopharmaceutical, in its “cold” modification, demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against B16-F10 melanoma cells, confirming the potential of this platform for subsequent use in combination radiotherapy for melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 2","pages":"299 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Velichko, I. E. Rudenko, N. I. Filimonova, V. A. Ilyushin, A. V. Porshnev
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Morphology of BaF2 and BaF2/CaF2 Buffer Layers Produced by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on a Sapphire Substrate","authors":"A. A. Velichko, I. E. Rudenko, N. I. Filimonova, V. A. Ilyushin, A. V. Porshnev","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625601846","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625601846","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structure and surface morphology of the BaF<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(<span>(0bar {1}12)</span>) and BaF<sub>2</sub>/CaF<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(<span>(0bar {1}12)</span>) dielectric buffer layers obtained by molecular beam epitaxy are studied for use as substrates for radiation-resistant matrix photodetector devices based on A<sup>IV</sup>B<sup>VI</sup> compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 1","pages":"47 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification and Characterization of miRNAs in Exosome-like Nanoparticles (ELNs) Derived from Nauclea officinalis","authors":"Y. Peng, J. Zuo, G. N. Smolikova, V. V. Demidchik","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625601366","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625601366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNPs) are cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain miRNAs that regulate plant physiology and can be used for intercellular communication. In this study, the <i>Nauclea officinalis</i>-derived ELNPs (N-ELNPs) were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Their miRNAs were analyzed through high-throughput sequencing and target gene and function prediction was conducted using miRDeep, miRBase, miRanda, GO, and KEGG. The obtained results showed that N-ELNs (50–200 nm, vesicular) harbored 875 known and 62 novel miRNAs; top 10 expressed miRNAs belonged to MIR172, MIR1919, and MIR396 families. Conducted GO enrichment covered 10 major biological processes, 2 cellular components, and 8 molecular functions; KEGG enrichment involved 10 pathways linked to plant hormonal signal transduction, lipid metabolic reprogramming, branched-chain amino acid catabolism, energy homeostasis, and specialized metabolite production. The obtained data guide future research to identify specific targets for regulation via N-ELNPs and their miRNAs both within the plants themselves and in the potential regulation of gene expression in animal cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 1","pages":"95 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. S. Pavlets, E. A. Moguchikh, Yu. A. Bayan, A. Yu. Nikulin, D. V. Alekseenko, A. A. Alekseenko
{"title":"Bimetallic Electrocatalysts Based on Modified Carbon Supports for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction","authors":"A. S. Pavlets, E. A. Moguchikh, Yu. A. Bayan, A. Yu. Nikulin, D. V. Alekseenko, A. A. Alekseenko","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625601123","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625601123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A combined approach is proposed for the design of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts based on bimetallic PtCu nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped carbon supports (Vulcan XC-72, KetjenBlack EC-600JD). Nitrogen doping of KetjenBlack increases the mass activity in ORR to 1261 A/g(Pt), which is 4.9 times higher than that of the commercial Pt/C (HiSPEC3000) counterpart. Transmission electron microscopy revealed improved dispersion and uniform distribution of bimetallic nanoparticles. Stress testing confirmed the high stability of PtCu/KetjenBlack-N, retaining >80% of the electrochemical active surface area and ~50% mass activity in ORR. The study demonstrates the key role of support modification in enhancing catalyst performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 1","pages":"55 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. A. Golovkin, A. E. Krupnin, Yu. D. Zagoskin, S. N. Malakhov, P. V. Dmitryakov, T. E. Grigoriev, N. M. Kuznetsov, S. N. Chvalun
{"title":"Modern Computational and Experimental Approaches to Assessing the Mechanical Properties of Porous PEDOT:PSS Particles","authors":"N. A. Golovkin, A. E. Krupnin, Yu. D. Zagoskin, S. N. Malakhov, P. V. Dmitryakov, T. E. Grigoriev, N. M. Kuznetsov, S. N. Chvalun","doi":"10.1134/S263516762660224X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S263516762660224X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Porous conductive microparticles based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) are promising fillers for modern composite materials. However, description of their mechanical properties is a complex task due to the developed highly porous structure and the impossibility of manufacturing standardized samples. In this paper, a hybrid computational-experimental method for determining the mechanical constants of individual porous PEDOT:PSS macroparticles is proposed and verified in a full-scale experiment. Spherical particles with a porosity of more than 95% were obtained by freeze-drying. The particle morphology was visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical compression tests between parallel plates were carried out. The mechanical constants of the material were determined using inverse finite element analysis. The solution to the reverse engineering problem is performed in axisymmetric conditions, and an assumption is made about a bilinear model of material deformation. Based on the experimental curves, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, yield strength and tangent modulus were determined. Verification of the model on particles of larger diameter showed good correspondence between the predicted numerical and experimental data. The obtained results confirm the adequacy of the proposed approach to the use of inverse finite element analysis to describe the mechanical behavior of porous particles at the macro level and allow one to determine a set of constants that can be used for further design and calculation of products made of composite materials based on PEDOT:PSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 2","pages":"181 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yu. Vlasova, O. A. Zhuravliova, E. D. Mihaleva, T. D. Patsaev, A. L. Vasiliev, S. N. Malakhov, P. A. Zhdanov, T. A. Voeikova
{"title":"Prospects for Using Biogenic Silver–Selenium-Containing Nanoparticles As Biocidal Fillers in Industrial Paints, Varnishes, and Enamels","authors":"A. Yu. Vlasova, O. A. Zhuravliova, E. D. Mihaleva, T. D. Patsaev, A. L. Vasiliev, S. N. Malakhov, P. A. Zhdanov, T. A. Voeikova","doi":"10.1134/S2635167626602639","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167626602639","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofouling is the process of settlement of living organisms including bacteria on submerged or frequently moistened underwater structures, industrial facilities, and historical and cultural monuments which leads to their damage, changes in chemical and physical characteristics, and deterioration of the appearance. This paper proposes an effective method for protecting structures against biofouling using biocidal silver–selenium-containing nanoparticles (Ag–Se NPs) obtained by bacterial synthesis and introduced as fillers into the composition of industrial polymer paint-and-varnish materials. Polymer nanocomposites obtained based on oil and acrylic paints, yacht and decorative varnishes, enamel, and epoxy glue exhibit a high level of biocidal activity against a number of Gram(+) and Gram(−) bacteria and yeasts. Biogenic nanoparticles obtained by the “green chemistry” method can be used as new-generation antimicrobial agents for protecting various objects against biofouling.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 2","pages":"166 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. B. Pshenitsyn, O. A. Boeva, K. N. Zhavoronkova, T. O. Teplyakova, A. S. Konopatskii
{"title":"Mutual Influence of Copper, Silver, and Gold in Bimetallic Nanoparticles on Their Catalytic Properties in the ortho–para Hydrogen Conversion Reaction","authors":"M. B. Pshenitsyn, O. A. Boeva, K. N. Zhavoronkova, T. O. Teplyakova, A. S. Konopatskii","doi":"10.1134/S2635167625601809","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2635167625601809","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The catalytic activity of bimetallic nanoparticles based on Au, Ag, and Cu has been studied in the low-temperature ortho–para hydrogen conversion reaction. A pronounced positive synergistic effect has been observed in the Cu–Ag and Cu–Au systems: the highest activity is exhibited by Cu<sub>50</sub>Ag<sub>50</sub> and Cu<sub>50</sub>Au<sub>50</sub> nanoparticles, surpassing that of the corresponding monometallic counterparts by factors of 5–6 and 4–11, respectively. In contrast, the Au–Ag system display a negative synergistic effect: the activity of Au<sub>75</sub>Ag<sub>25</sub> nanoparticles is reduced by a factor of 3–7 compared to that of monometallic Au and Ag nanoparticles, while the activities of Au<sub>50</sub>Ag<sub>50</sub> and Au<sub>25</sub>Ag<sub>75</sub> are comparable to that of monometallic Ag nanoparticles. These results identify Cu–Ag and Cu–Au bimetallic systems as highly efficient catalysts for the hydrogen liquefaction process.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 1","pages":"67 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Petrov, M. G. Volkova, E. Yu. Gusev, I. V. Pankov, E. M. Bayan
{"title":"Effect of Sensor Design and Mechanisms of Nitrogen Dioxide Molecules Diffusion in TiO2–SnO2 Composite Nanoscale Films on the Response Value","authors":"V. V. Petrov, M. G. Volkova, E. Yu. Gusev, I. V. Pankov, E. M. Bayan","doi":"10.1134/S263516762660272X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S263516762660272X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two gas sensor designs were developed, differing in the placement of metal electrodes either on top of the gas-sensitive TiO<sub>2</sub>–SnO<sub>2</sub> thin film or underneath it. The maximum response in the operating temperature range of 50–200°C when exposed to 7.7 ppm nitrogen dioxide was demonstrated by sensors with TiO<sub>2</sub>–SnO<sub>2</sub> films placed on top. A simple method is presented for estimating the diffusion coefficients of nitrogen dioxide molecules in the TiO<sub>2</sub>–SnO<sub>2</sub> film, which are responsible for the reduced response of the sensor with the electrodes located under the TiO<sub>2</sub>–SnO<sub>2</sub> film.</p>","PeriodicalId":716,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnologies in Russia","volume":"21 2","pages":"261 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}