Marine Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Natural Products from Soft Corals in Taiwan: Insights into Chemical Taxonomy and Potential Interaction in Marine Environments","authors":"Kuan-Ying Lai,&nbsp;Ping-Jyun Sung,&nbsp;Jyh-Horng Sheu,&nbsp;Tzu-Hsuan Tu,&nbsp;Shao-Liang Hsu,&nbsp;Crystal J. McRae,&nbsp;Chih-Chuang Liaw","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10509-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10509-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural products, specifically secondary metabolites, produced by marine organisms, play crucial roles in their survival and performance. Research on natural products derived from marine organisms, particularly soft corals, has been ongoing for over 30 years in Taiwan, resulting in the isolation and identification of over 2000 unique compounds from 100 species of soft corals. These studies have not only uncovered bioactive compounds with potential useful applications but have also provided insights into the chemical evidence for the taxonomy of soft corals as well as the biological functions of these products within soft corals. Following the central dogma of molecular biology, this review notes that, according to the biosynthesis pathways, the types of natural products identified for seven clades of soft corals align with the updated phylogenetic system of soft corals based on DNA sequencing analysis. Thus, these natural products can serve as chemical evidence to support our understanding of soft coral taxonomy. Furthermore, to understand the influences of geographic factors on the production of natural products in soft corals, we compiled data on natural products from species repeatedly collected at different locations around Taiwan. Interestingly, the oxidation levels of briaranes in <i>Briareum stechei</i> and <i>Junceella fragilis</i>, and cembranes in <i>Sclerophytum flexibile</i> and <i>Lobophytum crassum</i>, tended to increase with rising seawater temperatures, while other soft corals also exhibited different metabolite profiles across spatial and temporal scales. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future perspectives in studying natural products from soft corals and propose that recent advancements in techniques, which offer comprehensive tools, such as mass spectral molecular networking, can significantly improve the elucidation of secondary metabolite structures. By addressing these challenges and leveraging new technologies, future research can provide novel insights into the roles that natural products play in marine chemistry. Collectively, this will contribute to a better understanding of marine biodiversity, the chemical dynamics of marine chemical ecology, and potential biotechnological applications.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Growth-Related SNPs and Candidate Genes in the Genome of Zig-Zag Eel (Mastacembelus armatus) by GWAS","authors":"Chong Han,&nbsp;Kaichun Chen,&nbsp;Jiaxing Cui,&nbsp;Mingxiang Cui,&nbsp;Hu Shu","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10510-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10510-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The zig-zag eel (<i>Mastacembelus armatus</i>) is an economically important aquaculture species in south China. Currently, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) for growth traits of zig-zag eel was first performed. A total of 175 zig-zag eels were measured for body height (BH), body length (BL), body weight (BW), body thickness (BT), head length (HL), and total length (TL) and genotyped using whole genome resequencing. After quality control, a total of 13,844,114 high-confidence SNPs were detected uniformly across 24 chromosomes. After GWAS, a total of 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, and 2 SNPs were significantly associated with BH, BL, BW, BT, HL, and TL traits, respectively. In addition, many candidate genes surrounding these SNPs have been shown to be closely associated with growth, including <i>ppt1</i>, <i>cap1</i>, <i>lnr</i>, and <i>fgfr2</i>. In all, these results lay a good foundation for exploring the molecular basis of growth regulation and molecular marker-assisted selection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Identification of High Biomass and Lipid Productivity Euglena Strain from Tropical Malaysian Environments for Enhancement of Biofuel Production","authors":"Sabrina Aghazada,&nbsp;Kengo Suzuki,&nbsp;Yu Inaba,&nbsp;Kohei Atsuji,&nbsp;Koji Iwamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10503-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10503-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microalgae <i>Euglena</i> holds promise for biofuel production due to its high lipid content. However, the lipid productivity of current species/strains for biofuel production remains suboptimal due to limitations in strain selection. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify novel <i>Euglena</i> species or strains with high biomass and lipid productivity to enhance biofuel production from a desirable environment. Malaysia’s tropical climate with abundant sunlight and water resources provides an ideal environment for microalgae cultivation. Therefore, this research is conducted in Malaysia for effective utilization. Accordingly, water samples were collected from various Raja Musa Forest Reserve habitats in Selangor, Malaysia including peatland, paddy fields and the Kuala Selangor River. The samples were isolated using the single-cell pickup technique. The isolated samples were cultivated using the test tube system. The biomass and lipid productivity were quantified using the gravimetric technique. The top novel lipid-producing <i>Euglena</i> strain SAB-3 was identified through scanning light microscopy and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS2 region. The Sab-3 was placed within the <i>Euglena gracilis</i> clade through this analysis, showing close similarity to the <i>E. gracilis</i> SAG strain. SAB-3 dominated high biomass productivity (0.704  g L¹ day¹), high lipid productivity (0.051 g L¹ day¹) and relatively high specific growth rate (1.091 day¹) with a shorter cultivation time of 7 days compared to the <i>E. gracilis</i> (NIES-48).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10126-025-10503-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic Peptides Suppress Nervous Necrosis Virus Absorption and Improve Survival Rates in European Sea Bass","authors":"Alberto Cuesta,&nbsp;Francisco J. Fernández-Hernández,&nbsp;Ana C. Hernández-Sendra,&nbsp;Constanza Cárdenas,&nbsp;Fanny Guzmán,&nbsp;Yulema Valero","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10507-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10507-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With few preventive strategies available against nodavirus (NNV) in aquaculture, therapeutic applications remain underexplored. This study aimed to peptide-based treatments disrupting critical stages of its viral life cycle. Thus, we designed and synthesized seven low-molecular-weight peptides (P1–P7) based on predicted binding regions of the capsid protein from the red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) genotype to mimic viral capsid regions. Although in silico predictions suggested limited direct antiviral activity, in vitro assays using the E-11 cell line and in vivo trials in RGNNV-infected European sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>) juveniles yielded promising results. The peptides, particularly when co-administered individually or as P3 + P4 and P5 + P6 combinations with the virus, disrupted RGNNV attachment in vitro. Moreover, they exhibited cross-reactivity against the striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV) genotype and both RGNNV/SJNNV and SJNNV/RGNNV reassortants. Treatment of RGNNV-infected sea bass significantly increased the relative percent survival, ranging from 81.3% for P4 to 62.5% for P3 and P3 + P4, while reducing viral load within 48 h post-treatment without altering systemic antiviral immune responses, tested through the transcriptional levels of <i>mx</i> gene in the head-kidney. Notably, peptide P4 partially inhibited viral replication in vitro at the same time-point when cells were pre-treated for 24 h, likely through modulation of host immune responses. These findings highlight the potential of targeted peptide-based therapies as a promising antiviral therapeutic strategy against NNV infections.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10126-025-10507-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Functions of Growth Differentiation Factor 9 in Early Ovarian Development of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica)","authors":"Chenpeng Zuo,&nbsp;Xulei Wang,&nbsp;Xuanhan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaojie Wang,&nbsp;Likang Lyu,&nbsp;Teng Ma,&nbsp;Lingming Chen,&nbsp;Weimin Yu,&nbsp;Yun Li,&nbsp;Haishen Wen,&nbsp;Xin Qi","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10491-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10491-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and is expressed in an oocyte-specific manner. It plays a crucial role in the early stage of ovarian development. Japanese eel (<i>Anguilla Japonica</i>), a spawning migration teleost, has artificial reproduction still under investigation. Aimed at developing a novel method for the successful artificial reproduction of Japanese eel, in the present study, the role of GDF9 in the regulation of early ovarian development was investigated. The <i>Gdf9</i> gene in Japanese eel was 1293 bp in length, coding for 430 amino acids. Expression analysis in different tissues showed that <i>gdf9</i> is highly expressed in the ovary, and the <i>gdf9</i> mRNAs are localized in early developmental oocytes. Injection experiments showed that GDF9 significantly increased the gonadosomatic index in Japanese eel. However, histological observations indicated that GDF9 injection alone was insufficient to overcome the cortical alveolus stage and initiate vitellogenesis in Japanese eel, which is consistent with the lack of significant changes in serum estradiol and vitellogenin levels. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that GDF9 is involved in various molecular functions and physiological processes within the ovary. Overall, our findings suggest that GDF9 plays a regulatory role in the early ovarian development of Japanese eel, possibly by promoting the formation and activation of primordial follicles. These findings offer novel evidence for understanding the regulation of early ovarian development in Japanese eel and provide a valuable foundation for advancing artificial breeding in this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional and Translational Analysis of the Expression of CHH, MIH, and GIH in PmLyO-Sf9 Cell Line Towards Developing a Novel In Vitro Model for Shrimp Endocrinology","authors":"Venu Sreebindu Gopika,&nbsp;Abdulkhader Muneer,&nbsp;Thazhunga Pailykutty Limmy,&nbsp;Vrinda Sukumaran,&nbsp;Bhaskaran Sathyabama Anoop,&nbsp;Jayesh Puthumana,&nbsp;Issac Sarojini Bright Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10505-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10505-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shrimp maturation is governed by the hormones secreted by neurosecretory structures in the eyestalk known as X-organ sinus gland complex (XOSG). The X-organ consists of a cluster of neurosecretory cells responsible for synthesizing crustacean hyperglycemic family hormones, including crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), molt inhibiting hormone (MIH), and gonad inhibiting hormone (GIH). CHH family neuropeptides have gained attention for three decades due to their endocrinological role in aquaculture. One of the most challenging tools in crustacean endocrinology research was the unavailability of a crustacean cell line. Recently, a novel hybrid cell line, the <i>Pm</i>LyO-<i>Sf</i>9, was developed by fusing <i>Penaeus monodon</i> lymphoid organ cells with <i>Sf</i>9 cells. Focusing on this cell line, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional and translational expression profiling of CHH/MIH/GIH neuropeptides in the <i>Pm</i>LyO-<i>Sf</i>9. In the transcriptional expression studies, the cDNA-based gene profiling of CHH (235 bp), MIH (243 bp), and GIH (247 bp) was determined. A comparative gene expression of CHH/MIH/GIH in <i>Pm</i>LyO-<i>Sf</i>9 cell line and Lymphoid organ in <i>Penaeus monodon</i> revealed consistent expression in both. Immunofluorescence confirmed the translational expression of CHH/MIH/GIH with immune-positive cells exhibiting neuropeptides localized in the cytoplasm of <i>Pm</i>LyO-<i>Sf</i>9 cells. This is the first study that proved the presence of CHH family neuropeptides in <i>Pm</i>LyO-<i>Sf</i>9 cell line and in the Lymphoid organ of <i>Penaeus monodon</i>, hitherto not reported. Accordingly, the cell line has been identified as a suitable platform for endocrinological expression, with potential applications in lieu of animal model.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Key Regulatory Pathways of the Gills and Liver of Grass Carp Under High NaHCO3Stress","authors":"Hui Wu,&nbsp;Liwei Chen,&nbsp;Chendong Tao,&nbsp;Xaoyan Xu,&nbsp;Lang Gui,&nbsp;Jiale Li,&nbsp;Yubang Shen","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10508-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10508-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which grass carp respond to high-concentration NaHCO₃ stress, this study employed RNA-sequencing technology to perform transcriptome analysis on the gill and liver tissues of the treatment group with 30 mmol/L NaHCO₃ and the control group (0 mmol/L). Through sequencing of 12 libraries constructed from 6 gill samples and 6 liver samples, a total of 41.86 GB of high-quality data from gill tissues and 41.49 GB of high-quality data from liver tissues were obtained. The analysis revealed that there were 1223 and 439 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the gill and liver tissues, respectively, under NaHCO₃ stress. Functional enrichment (GO) analysis indicated that grass carp respond to alkaline stress by regulating biological processes such as protein hydrolysis, ATP-binding activity, and lipid metabolism. Pathway (KEGG) analysis further revealed that immune-related signaling pathways were significantly activated to resist external stress, and the elevation of energy metabolism levels may provide necessary support for the stress-resistance process. This study systematically revealed the molecular adaptation strategies of grass carp in a high-alkali environment, providing an important theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of saline-alkali-tolerant grass carp varieties and the research on stress-resistance mechanisms.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroporation-Mediated Gene Delivery in Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) Without Cell Wall Removal","authors":"Hikari Izumi,&nbsp;Toshiki Uji,&nbsp;Kojiro Matsumoto,&nbsp;Kaz Nagaosa,&nbsp;Satoru Fukuda","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10506-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10506-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to assess the potential of a gene delivery technique in the red macroalga <i>Pyropia yezoensis</i> (Rhodophyta) using electroporation without removing the cell wall. An antibiotic resistance gene was introduced into <i>P. yezoensis</i> tissues containing cells with intact cell walls through electroporation, followed by selection with the corresponding antibiotic. No germlings survived in the non-electroporated control tissue fragments under antibiotic selection. In contrast, some germlings were observed to survive in the electroporated group. Furthermore, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes was confirmed in the genomic DNA of several antibiotic-resistant germlings. Although reporter genes such as β-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were also introduced as supplementary markers, their expression was not detectable under the tested conditions. These findings provide evidence supporting the successful introduction of antibiotic resistance genes into <i>P. yezoensis</i> cells via electroporation. This study offers a preliminary assessment of a gene delivery strategy in <i>P. yezoensis</i> that bypasses cell wall removal, presenting a straightforward method for introducing foreign genes into <i>Pyropia</i>. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate successful gene transfer via electroporation in a macroalga without cell wall removal. These results provide valuable insights for the development of genetic transformation systems in red macroalgae.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HcN13, a Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein, Is Associated with Shell Formation in Hyriopsis cumingii","authors":"Can Jin,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Tan,&nbsp;Jiayi Zhang,&nbsp;Fangmengjie Wei,&nbsp;Wen Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10501-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10501-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fibroblast growth factor binding proteins (FGF-BPs) are involved in bone formation by binding to FGFs and modulating FGF signaling in vertebrates. Herein, a novel shell matrix protein gene, HcN13, was identified from the mussels <i>Hyriopsis cumingii</i>. Sequence analysis indicated that HcN13 belongs to the FGF-BP1 family. Quantitative real-time PCR and in situ hybridization analysis showed that HcN13 is expressed in the dorsal epithelial cells of the mantle center, indicating that HcN13 is a shell nacreous layer matrix protein. The expression of HcN13 in the mantle significantly increased during the regeneration of the prismatic and nacreous layers. Furthermore, the suppression of HcN13 at both the transcriptional and protein levels resulted in the complete destruction of the prisms and nacre tablets in vivo. However, the addition of SUMO-HcN13 did not affect the polymorphism and morphology of the crystals in vitro. These results indicated that HcN13 may serve as a modulator that influences downstream signaling pathways to further regulate shell formation. Additionally, HcN13 was highly expressed in hemocytes during pearl nacre disorder deposition and was also highly expressed in the mantle during pearl nacre order deposition, indicating that HcN13 is essential for pearl biomineralization. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the presence of FGF-BPs in the mollusk shell, highlighting their essential role in biomineralization in invertebrates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Extracellular Products from Vibrio proteolyticus for Their Use as Postbiotics in Aquaculture","authors":"Jorge García-Márquez,&nbsp;Marta Domínguez-Maqueda,&nbsp;Olivia Pérez-Gómez,&nbsp;Isabel M. Cerezo,&nbsp;Cristóbal Espinosa-Ruíz,&nbsp;M. Ángeles Esteban,&nbsp;Fernando Vallejo,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Alarcón-López,&nbsp;Eduardo Martínez-Manzanares,&nbsp;Silvana Teresa Tapia-Paniagua,&nbsp;María Carmen Balebona,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Moriñigo,&nbsp;Salvador Arijo","doi":"10.1007/s10126-025-10500-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-025-10500-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Vibrio</i> <i>proteolyticus</i> DCF12.2 has demonstrated its ability to be used as a probiotic for fish species. This study investigates how different culture conditions influence the activity of its extracellular products (ECPs) in aquaculture, focusing on enzymatic and antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, biofilm modulation, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, and effects on <i>Photobacterium damselae</i> subsp. <i>piscicida</i> virulence. Enzymatic assays showed a variety of hydrolytic activities, including amylase, caseinase, and collagenase, which can enhance digestion and nutrient absorption in fish. Antibacterial assays revealed that ECPs from <i>V. proteolyticus</i> grown in an experimental aquafeed and a partial replacement of that aquafeed by 25% of a blend of microalgae inhibited <i>P. damselae</i> subsp. <i>piscicida</i> and <i>P. damselae</i> subsp. <i>damselae</i>. Cytotoxicity assays indicated variable effects across fish cell lines, with increased viability in SAF-1 and DLB-1 cells under specific conditions, and decreased viability in PLHC-1 cells, suggesting potential antitumor properties. Biofilm assays showed that certain ECP conditions reduced biofilm formation by <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i>, <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>, and <i>Tenacibaculum maritimum</i>. SCFA profiling detected acetic, iso-valeric, butyric, and valeric acids, which may contribute to antimicrobial activity and gut health. The ECPs significantly downregulated <i>aip56</i> gene transcription, reducing the virulence of <i>P. damselae</i> subsp<i>. piscicida</i>. These findings suggest that ECPs from <i>V. proteolyticus</i> could be valuable aquafeed additives for enhancing fish nutrition, health, and disease resistance. Future research should aim to isolate and characterize the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects and elucidate their mechanisms of action for optimized application in aquaculture and other biotechnological fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}