Marine Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Integrated DIA-PRM proteomics Deciphers the molecular mechanisms and identifies core biomarkers of relative resistance to decapod iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Yang Xu,&nbsp;Chenhui Wu,&nbsp;Yunpeng Fan,&nbsp;Chaofan Yu,&nbsp;Qiang Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10678-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10678-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i> is a pillar species in global freshwater crustacean aquaculture. Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) causes 60%-90% cumulative mortality in cultured ponds, leading to massive economic losses with no effective control measures. This study aimed to elucidate DIV1 relative resistance mechanisms and screen core biomarkers in <i>M. rosenbergii</i>. We constructed artificially selected DIV1-resistant (GK), susceptible (YG) and control (DZ) group from M. rosenbergii populations. After standardized DIV1 challenge, plasma samples were collected at 72 h post-infection, and analyzed via integrated DIA-MS proteomics, PRM targeted validation and bioinformatics analysis. GK group had a 2.7-fold longer median survival time (118 h vs. 44 h in YG) and 69% lower cumulative mortality risk. The core relative resistance mechanism was identified as enhanced proteostasis network plus selective metabolic reprogramming. PRM validation of 12 core DEPs showed high consistency with DIA. results (Pearson r = 0.92, P &lt; 0.001), with 5 key proteins forming a multi-dimensional antiviral network. This study first reveals a non-canonical anti-DIV1 immune paradigm in crustaceans. The screened core biomarkers provide key molecular targets for M. rosenbergii precision breeding and field early warning, laying a theoretical foundation for sustainable DIV1 control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular Responses to Cold Stress in Pampus argenteus: Involvement of Dusp5 in MAPK Signaling, Apoptosis Suppression, and Organelle Protection","authors":"Mengke Tang,&nbsp;Man Zhang,&nbsp;Yubei Qiu,&nbsp;Yuanbo Li,&nbsp;Qinqin Dai,&nbsp;Xianglong Chen,&nbsp;Chongyang Wang,&nbsp;Fangjun Xu,&nbsp;Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Zi Yuan,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan,&nbsp;Jiabao Hu,&nbsp;Yajun Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10681-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10681-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The silver pomfret (<i>Pampus argenteus</i>) represents a commercially vital marine fish species. However, its aquaculture potential, especially in temperate northern regions, is critically constrained by pronounced cold sensitivity. Building upon preliminary investigations which demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between <i>dusp5</i> expression levels and ambient water temperature, this study aimed to elucidate the functional mechanism of <i>dusp5</i>—a cold-inducible dual-specificity phosphatase affecting the MAPK pathway—in mediating cold stress adaptation. Utilizing cellular models subjected to <i>dusp5</i> knockdown (KO) and overexpression (OE), we systematically evaluated its impact on cold stress responses. Functional analysis revealed that <i>dusp5</i> OE conferred significant cytoprotection: it effectively suppressed cold-induced DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis (quantified by TUNEL assay), ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction (assessed via JC-1 staining and TEM ultrastructural examination), and diminished oxidative stress (indicated by reduced malondialdehyde/MDA levels). Subsequent qPCR profiling demonstrated that <i>dusp5</i> OE modulated the expression of selected genes associated with MAPK signaling cascades, apoptotic pathways, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, and mitochondrial functional integrity under cold duress. Furthermore, employing dual-luciferase reporter assays, we identified <i>atf2</i>, <i>atf4</i>, <i>jund</i>, and <i>stat1</i> as putative regulators of dusp5 promoter activity. Complementary histidine affinity chromatography facilitated the identification of candidate dusp5-associated proteins predominantly localized to the ER and mitochondrial compartments, with functional annotations implicating roles in ER homeostasis, autophagic processes, and peroxisome metabolism. Collectively, this work provides the preliminary mechanistic insights of <i>dusp5</i> in promoting cold tolerance within <i>P. argenteus</i>, yielding novel and fundamental insights into the molecular regulators underpinning low-temperature adaptation mechanisms in marine teleosts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reproducible Electroporation Strategy for CRISPR-Cas9 RNP and mRNA Delivery in Fish Embryos","authors":"Yuanri Hu,&nbsp;Fei Fang,&nbsp;Zhongkai Cui,&nbsp;Songlin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10682-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10682-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a streamlined electroporation-based method for efficient macromolecular delivery into zebrafish embryos. We first characterized the physical barrier posed by the chorion using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and established that its removal is prerequisite for effective delivery. A systematic optimization of electroporation parameters for dechorionated embryos identified optimal conditions (e.g., poring pulse: 25 V, 20 ms; transfer pulse: 5 V, 50 ms) that ensured high embryo survival and robust eGFP mRNA transfection. Applying this protocol, we achieved targeted gene knockout by electroporation-mediated delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) against multiple loci. Targeting the <i>tyr</i> locus resulted in a phenotypic albinism rate of (38.6 ± 3.30)%. Furthermore, we incorporated polyglutamic acid (PGA) to modify the RNP complexes (target <i>tyr</i>), which inhibited aggregation and enhanced editing efficiency to (44.45 ± 1.41)%, outperforming a commercial. electroporation system, while targeting the pigmentation-related gene <i>slc24a5</i> yielded an albinism or hypopigmentation rate of (38.33 ± 2.62)%. In addition, targeting the development-associated gene <i>ddx19b</i> produced developmental defect phenotypes in (38.33 ± 1.88)% of embryos. The successful introduction of indels at the target site was confirmed by sequencing. Our work establishes a highly effective electroporation strategy, augmented by nanotechnology, for the delivery of mRNA and RNP complexes, enabling high-efficiency protein expression and gene editing in zebrafish embryos, with broad potential applications in aquatic biotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Genomic, Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Identify Key Genetic Determinants and Regulatory Networks for Salinity Tolerance in Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Zhang Jiahua,&nbsp;Zhang Min,&nbsp;Huang Chungui,&nbsp;Liu Xiaohan,&nbsp;Wang Xida,&nbsp;Huang Ting,&nbsp;Chen Huangen","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10680-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10680-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salinity stress severely restricts the culture and geographical expansion of <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>. Artificial selective breeding has generated a salt-tolerant (NY) strain that can survive and grow normally under 10‰ salinity, while the commercial Suhu No.1 (SH) strain and commercial population (PT) exhibit weaker salt adaptability. In the present study, we performed whole-genome resequencing, transcriptome and untargeted metabolomic analyses to systematically reveal the molecular basis of salinity tolerance in the NY strain. Population genetic analyses including ADMIXTURE, PCA and phylogenetic tree demonstrated obvious genetic differentiation among NY, SH and PT populations, and genome-wide Fst scanning screened candidate genes mainly enriched in ion transport, osmotic regulation and energy metabolism pathways. Transcriptomic analysis identified 156 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NY and SH strains, with principal component analysis showing clear inter-group separation. Functional enrichment indicated that DEGs were predominantly involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, autophagy and cellular homeostasis. qRT-PCR validation confirmed the reliability of transcriptome expression patterns of key salt-tolerance genes such as <i>NKA</i>, <i>NHX</i>, <i>TPS</i> and <i>HSP70</i>. Untargeted metabolomics identified a total of 1079 metabolites and 69 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). DAMs were significantly enriched in starch and sucrose metabolism, phosphotransferase system (PTS) and ABC transporters under both positive and negative ion modes. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed 9 shared KEGG pathways in positive ion mode and 14 in negative ion mode, and key genes and metabolites displayed coordinated variation in carbohydrate metabolism, transmembrane transport and osmotic adjustment. Collectively, the NY strain achieves strong salinity tolerance by integrating genetic variation, transcriptional reprogramming and metabolic remodeling, synergistically maintaining ion homeostasis, osmotic balance and energy supply. This study provides important genetic resources and a theoretical framework for molecular breeding and salinity adaptation mechanism research of <i>M. rosenbergii</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Development in Channa argus var.: Joint Mediation by Melatonin, the cAMP Signaling Pathway, and the PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway in Response to Photoperiod","authors":"Hejiao Li,&nbsp;Yuting Duan,&nbsp;Rongrong Liao,&nbsp;Yinhua Zhou,&nbsp;Jian Su,&nbsp;Xinyu Liu,&nbsp;Tinghui Xia,&nbsp;Yixin Luan,&nbsp;Mei Peng,&nbsp;Suxing Fu,&nbsp;Benhe Zeng,&nbsp;Luo Lei,&nbsp;Chaowei Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10668-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10668-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photoperiod can influence the gonads of fish. This study examined the effects of different light cycles on the gonads of <i>Channa argus</i> var.(<i>C. argus</i> var.). Over a 14-day rearing period, <i>C. argus</i> var. were subjected to five photoperiods: 0 L:24D, 6 L:18D, 12 L:12D, 18 L:6D, and 24 L:0D. On day 14, samples of blood and gonad tissue were collected at 12:00 (noon) to measure enzyme activities and perform transcriptomic analyses. The results showed that prolonged light exposure generally increased ovarian levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and vitellogenin (VTG). Melatonin(MT) concentrations in both plasma and ovaries also rose with increasing light duration. Notably, at 18 h of light, both melatonin and sex hormone levels were high. Additionally, transcriptional analysis indicates that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway may be activated in concert by the key factor <i>hrt4</i> and E2 to stimulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, thereby promoting FSH secretion and facilitating the accumulation and transport of yolk substances, thereby promoting ovarian development and oocyte maturation. In summary, photoperiod regulates melatonin synthesis, signals related to the cAMP pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, as well as the expression of the key factor <i>hrt4</i>, which in turn influences sex hormone secretion, lipid metabolism, and yolk deposition. Integrated analysis suggests that a day length of 18 h is most favorable for ovary development in <i>C. argus</i> var.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asparaginyl-tRNA Synthetase (AsnRS) Is a Novel Vanadate Reductase from a Marine Bacterium","authors":"Dewi Yuliani,&nbsp; Romaidi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Ueki","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10671-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10671-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing environmental releases of vanadium (V) by industrial plants pose significant risks of soil, water, and ecosystem contamination. Microbes reduce this toxic compound by producing a vanadate reductase enzyme that converts V⁵⁺ to a less toxic compound, V⁴⁺. This study describes the cloning, expression, and characterization of an asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (AsnRS) from the marine bacterium <i>Shewanella</i> sp. HU-ET00281. The <i>Shewanella-</i>AsnRS (<i>Sh-</i>AsnRS) recombinant protein reduced V⁵⁺ to V⁴⁺ under ambient conditions. The K_m and V_max values were 8.70 mM and 4.45 mol-V⁴⁺/min/mol-protein respectively. Activity was enhanced by up to 75% on addition of Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺. <i>Sh-</i>AsnRS is a novel dual-function enzyme with AsnRS and V⁵⁺ reductase activities that will aid bioremediation and environmental detoxification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Wound-Healing Effects of Fucoidan from Sargassum polycystum Collected in South Sulawesi in a Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Rat Model","authors":"Fausyiah Sasmitha AB,&nbsp;Frederika Tangdilintin,&nbsp;Sulistiawati Sulistiawati,&nbsp;Siti Nur Fatimah,&nbsp;Stephanie Stephanie,&nbsp;Muhammad Nur Amir,&nbsp;Syamsiah Syamsiah,&nbsp;Ngoc Dan Thuy Nguyen,&nbsp;Taifo Mahmud,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasrum Massi,&nbsp;Marianti Manggau","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10659-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10659-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The skin, the body’s largest organ, acts as the primary barrier against infections, but this function can be compromised by wounds. While antibiotics are commonly used for treating skin infections, their misuse has led to antibiotic-resistant pathogens, emphasizing the need for safer alternatives. Fucoidan has shown antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its biological activity can vary due to differences in species and geographical origin. In this study, fucoidan was isolated from <i>Sargassum polycystum</i> collected in the intertidal zone of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and its wound-healing potential was tested in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>-infected rats. Fucoidan was extracted using hot ethanol-water extraction and CaCl₂-ethanol precipitation, and characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR. Toxicity was assessed with a hemolysis assay, and wound healing was evaluated in rats with 6 mm excision wounds infected with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (0.1 mL, 10⁷ CFU/mL). Results showed that fucoidan was non-toxic and that a 2.4% topical application significantly reduced bacterial load and accelerated healing within 9 days. Histological analysis revealed enhanced fibroblast proliferation, granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization, and thicker collagen deposition compared to the control group (Vaseline only) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that fucoidan from <i>Sargassum polycystum</i> is safe and effective in promoting wound healing, supporting its potential as an alternative therapy for infected wounds and providing a validated molecular candidate for future sustainable marine synthetic biology applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148534775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Roles of Linoleic and Linolenic Acids in Regulating Lc-PUFA Biosynthesis and Reproductive Physiology of Striped Murrel (Channa striata) Broodstock","authors":"Thangaraju Thiruvasagam,&nbsp;Pushparaj Chidambaram,&nbsp;Amit Ranjan,&nbsp;Deepak Agarwal,&nbsp;Elangovan Prabu,&nbsp;Arumugam Uma,&nbsp;Pandi Kalaiselvan,&nbsp;T. Sivaramakrishnan","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10676-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10676-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fatty acids are crucial for steroidogenesis and gonadal development in fish. A 90-day feeding experiment was conducted before maturation to assess the effects of different dietary levels of linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) on gonadal development and reproductive performance in <i>Channa striata</i> broodstocks. A total of 300 male and female broodstocks were divided into five treatment groups, each with three replicates, using a completely randomized design. The fish were fed five experimental diets that were isonitrogenous (42%) and isolipidic (12%), containing 0% (B0), 0.5% LA + 1% LNA (B1), 0.5% LA + 0.5% LNA (B2), 1% LA + 1% LNA (B3), and 1% LA + 0.5% LNA (B4). Factorial diets were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (LA and LNA as fixed factors), complemented by one-way ANOVA across all five diets. Reproductive parameters (GSI, fecundity, egg size, fertilization, hatching, and larval survival) improved with supplementation and were significantly improved by a dominant LA main effect (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), being the highest in fish fed B3. The fertilization rate also showed a significant LA × LNA interaction (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Liver, gonad, and egg n-3 and n-6 Lc-PUFA increased with dietary LA, and a significant LA × LNA interaction governed the DHA/EPA ratio in all three tissues (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.011) and hepatic DHA accumulation (<i>P</i> = 0.005), each higher in B3. Plasma 11-ketotestosterone (males) and 17β-estradiol and vitellogenin (females) were elevated by dietary LA and each showed a significant interaction. Hepatic <i>Δ6/Δ5 fads2</i> and gonadal <i>cyp17a1</i> and <i>cyp19a1</i> responded through individual main effects without any interaction. Overall, dietary LA drove Lc-PUFA accumulation and reproductive output, whereas LA and LNA acted synergistically to elevate the tissue DHA/EPA balance and reproductive endocrine responses. 1% LA with 0.5–1% LNA (B3) most effectively enhanced the reproductive performance of striped murrel broodstock.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148534730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary N-carbamylglutamate Supplementation Enhances Muscle Quality in Triploid Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) by Regulating Muscle Development, Collagen Synthesis and Antioxidant Capacity","authors":"Ruijie Zhan,&nbsp;Yin Huang,&nbsp;Qianting Zheng,&nbsp;Liquan Yang,&nbsp;Meijuan Wu,&nbsp;Yao Hu,&nbsp;Jingwen Lan,&nbsp;Zhuangwen Mao,&nbsp;Luojing Zhou,&nbsp;Chao Huang,&nbsp;Shaochun Liu,&nbsp;Shenping Cao,&nbsp;Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10677-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10677-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with graded levels of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on growth performance and muscle quality in triploid crucian carp (TCC). Six isonitrogenous (35.00% crude protein), isolipidic (6.20% crude lipid), and isoenergetic (17.80 MJ/kg) diets were formulated with NCG inclusion levels of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 g/kg diet. After an 8-week feeding trial, NCG supplementation significantly improved feed intake but did not affect other growth parameters. Notably, muscle quality was markedly enhanced in NCG supplemented. Muscle crude protein content increased significantly at 0.25 g/kg NCG level. Free amino acid analysis revealed increasing trends in glycine and aspartic acid levels, with aspartic acid content significantly elevated in the 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 g/kg groups, peaking at 0.25 g/kg. The 0.25 g/kg NCG group exhibited significantly lower drip loss and higher muscle hardness and adhesiveness. Histological examination indicated increased muscle fiber density in the 0.25 g/kg group. Gene expression analysis showed significant upregulation of muscle development markers (<i>myod</i>, <i>myog</i>, <i>mrf4</i>, <i>myhc</i>), collagen synthesis genes (<i>col1a1</i>, <i>col1a2</i>), and antioxidant-related genes (<i>keap1</i>, <i>sod</i>, <i>cat</i>, <i>gpx</i>, <i>gsta</i>) in the 0.25 g/kg NCG group. In conclusion, dietary NCG supplementation at 0.25 g/kg effectively enhances muscle protein content, structural integrity, flavor profile, water-holding capacity, and antioxidant potential in TCC, providing a scientific basis for its application in quality-focused aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148534736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Mixed Biomass of Thalassiosira weissflogii and Chaetoceros calcitrans as a Functional Feed Additive for Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)","authors":"A. Gangaiyammal,&nbsp;K. Anandhi,&nbsp;M. Geetha,&nbsp;G. Brindha,&nbsp;Mukul Machhindra Barwant,&nbsp;Usman Mohammed Ali","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10672-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10672-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Pacific white shrimp (<i>Penaeus vannamei</i>) industry faces significant challenges from diseases like Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), driving the need for sustainable functional feed additives. This study investigated the effects of a mixed biomass of diatoms, <i>Thalassiosira weissflogii</i> and <i>Chaetoceros calcitrans</i>, as a dietary supplement for juvenile <i>P. vannamei</i>. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated: a control diet with no microalgae, and two test diets containing the mixed biomass at 1% (Mix-Low) and 3% (Mix-High) inclusion levels. After a 60-day feeding trial, shrimp fed the microalgae diets showed significantly enhanced growth performance, with the Mix-High group achieving the highest specific growth rate (3.15 ± 0.12% day⁻¹), percent weight gain (132.5 ± 8.7%), and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.42 ± 0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplementation significantly increased muscle protein content (21.7 ± 0.3% vs. 19.4 ± 0.1% in control). Upon challenge with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (AHPND strain), shrimp fed the control diet suffered 100% mortality within 144 h, while shrimp fed both microalgae diets exhibited 100% survival, corroborated by histopathology showing no AHPND lesions. The results demonstrate that 1–3% inclusion of mixed diatom biomass acts as a potent functional feed additive, simultaneously enhancing growth, muscle quality, and disease resistance, offering a sustainable strategy for shrimp aquaculture.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}