Marine Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses Reveal the Effects of Different Diets on Growth, Digestion, and Intestinal Function in Megalobrama Pellegrini Larvae","authors":"Wenxu Hou,&nbsp;Shengfu Zhao,&nbsp;Huihui Kong,&nbsp;Hujun Gao,&nbsp;Hui Luo,&nbsp;Hua Ye","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10692-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10692-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of different diets on the growth performance, digestive capacity, and intestinal health of <i>Megalobrama pellegrini</i> larvae. A 30-day feeding trial was conducted using ten-day-old larvae, which were divided into five dietary groups: microdiet (MD), <i>Tubifex tubifex</i> (Tub), <i>Artemia salina</i> (Art), MD + Tub and MD + Art. Results showed that the Tub group achieved significantly higher final body weight, total length, and survival rate (86.00%) compared to all other dietary groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). It exhibited the highest activities of trypsin, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase, alongside significantly superior intestinal villus height, width, and muscular thickness compared to other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis not only revealed a higher abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla (e.g., Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes) in the Tub group, but also showed enhanced activity in functional pathways related to lipid metabolism, terpenoid and polyketide synthesis. A total of 1,825 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 330 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between the MD and Tub groups. Transcriptomic analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to intestinal digestion and absorption, cell cycle and proliferation, and growth hormone synthesis, secretion, and action. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the primary enriched metabolic pathways in the Tub vs. MD comparison included arginine biosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the citric acid cycle. Integrated multi-omics analysis revealed the co-enrichment of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism pathways, with genes such as <i>eno1</i>, <i>nmrk1</i>, and <i>oat</i> regulating pyruvate metabolism, NAD⁺ regeneration, and GABA synthesis, respectively. In summary, dietary <i>T. tubifex</i> supplementation improved the growth performance and health status of <i>M. pellegrini</i> larvae by optimizing intestinal morphological structure and gut microbiota composition, as well as activating key metabolic pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative Chemical Biosynthesis of Tetrodotoxin: Evidence from Marine Microbial Contributors","authors":"Pham Thi Hai Ha,&nbsp;Kim Do-Hyung,&nbsp;Nguyen Thanh Luan","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10693-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10693-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin widely distributed in pufferfish and other marine organisms, yet its microbial biosynthetic basis remains unresolved because no definitive bacterial TTX gene cluster has been identified. This study develops a hypothesis-generating comparative-genomic framework to prioritize bacterial genomes for experimental investigation of TTX-related metabolism; it does not demonstrate bacterial TTX biosynthesis. Thirteen genomes representing <i>Pseudoalteromonas</i>, <i>Cytobacillus</i>, <i>Shewanella</i>, and <i>Vibrio</i> were analyzed using whole-genome comparison, average amino acid identity (AAI), and a weighted functional-prioritization score. Candidate homologous gene families were assigned to four mechanistic groups: scaffold formation and nitrogen incorporation (Group A), redox tailoring and polyoxygenation (Group B), structural tailoring and rearrangement (Group C), and transport, regulation, and ecological support (Group D). The AAI structure revealed both closely related <i>Vibrio</i> lineages and deeply divergent genera, enabling interpretation of functional enrichment against contrasting genomic backgrounds. <i>Cytobacillus gottheilii</i> 1839 and <i>Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis</i> DSM 16,099 had the highest cumulative scores, whereas <i>Vibrio</i> representatives showed moderate or partial enrichment profiles. These rankings reflect the distribution of hypothesized functional markers, rather than validated TTX-production capacity. Groups A and B were more discriminating than the broadly distributed Groups C and D. Accordingly, <i>C. gottheilii</i> 1839 and <i>P. tetraodonis</i> DSM 16,099 are proposed as high-priority targets for integrated metabolomics, transcriptomics, targeted gene disruption, and pathway-mining studies. The results support a dispersed, multi-module working hypothesis for microbial contribution to TTX-associated ecology, while emphasizing that the pathway, its products, and the causal role of individual strains remain to be experimentally resolved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Marine Algae-based Facial Cream Enriched With Phycoerythrin: Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities","authors":"Sowmiya Kadalmani,&nbsp;Sirajunnisa Abdul Razack,&nbsp;Ravishankar Krishnan,&nbsp;Renganathan Sahadevan","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10687-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10687-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phycoerythrin (PE), a marine phycobiliprotein derived from <i>Hypnea valentiae</i>, was extracted, characterized, and evaluated for its potential application in a topical cosmeceutical formulation. The extraction yielded 6.35 mg/g (wet biomass), and spectral analysis confirmed pigment integrity. PE exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with DPPH radical scavenging increasing from 32.4% to 78.6% (20–100 µg/mL) and an IC₅₀ of 46.8 µg/mL, while the ABTS assay showed an IC₅₀ of 41.3 µg/mL. Anti-inflammatory activity revealed IC₅₀ values of 52.1 µg/mL (PE extract) and 60.5 µg/mL (PE cream), compared to 46.6 µg/mL for diclofenac sodium. Antimicrobial analysis demonstrated concentration-dependent activity. HV-PE showed moderate inhibition, whereas the PE-infused cream exhibited enhanced efficacy, with zones of inhibition up to 1.77 cm (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>), 1.81 cm (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>), 1.96 cm (<i>Escherichia coli</i>), and 2.11 cm (<i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>) at 1000 µg/mL. MIC/MBC values further confirmed improved antibacterial performance of the cream (e.g., <i>S. aureus</i>: 52.34/46.21 µg/mL) compared to HV-PE. The formulated cream showed suitable physicochemical properties, with pH 7.12 (control: 7.48) and improved spreadability (80.71 g·cm/s vs. 74.79 g·cm/s). The SPF increased from 12.08 (control) to 24.04 (PE cream). Zebrafish toxicity studies indicated no observable adverse effects, confirming biocompatibility. Overall, PE demonstrates significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and photoprotective properties, supporting its application as a multifunctional cosmeceutical ingredient.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Gene Expression in Response to Reverse Development of Turritopsis dohrnii","authors":"Chunhui Ai,&nbsp;Lisheng He,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10697-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10697-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly acknowledged as key players in various biological processes. However, the role of these lncRNAs in the response of cnidarians to the reverse development process remains unexplored. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of lncRNAs in immortal jellyfish (<i>Turritopsis dohrnii</i>) to examine their response to reverse development process across a substantial dataset of 82 RNA-seq samples. We identified 8,805 high-confidence lncRNA candidates, which are characterized by a shorter average length of 640 nucleotides and fewer exons (on average 1.41), compared to mRNAs. Remarkably, 79.73% of these lncRNAs were found to be species-specific among the thirteen jellyfish species. Within 836 lncRNAs and 1,395 mRNAs that are highly correlated with the reverse development, the key genes involving DNA repair, cell cycling, differentiation, and apoptosis (e.g., <i>Tspan4</i>, <i>Aifm2</i>, <i>Wwox</i>, <i>eIF3C</i> and those of the p53 signaling pathway and the cAMP signaling pathway) exhibited progressively increasing expression levels throughout the reverse stages. Among 64 lncRNA-mRNA pairs with putative trans- and cis-regulatory effects, the lncRNA (MSTRG.37048.1) exhibited strong correlation with <i>Tspan4</i>, <i>Wwox</i> and <i>PIGA</i> genes during the reverse stages. Our study provides a candidate lncRNA resource and prioritizes lncRNA-associated gene pairs potentially related to life-cycle reversal in <i>T. dohrnii</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Histology and Gut Microbiota Composition of Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) Under Dietary Alginate Nanoparticles Derived From Sargassum polycystum","authors":"Anggi Putri Pertiwi,&nbsp;Ramarsa Hidayatulbaroroh,&nbsp;Muhammad Rizal Fahlefi,&nbsp;Alim Isnansetyo,&nbsp; Murwantoko,&nbsp;Indah Istiqomah","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10689-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10689-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the effects of alginate nanoparticles (NPs-A) extracted from <i>Sargassum polycystum</i> on gut bacterial community composition and intestinal histology in tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.). NPs-A were prepared using ball milling to obtain nanoscale alginate with improved functional properties. Five dietary treatments were evaluated in triplicate: a negative control, a positive control (2 g alginate kg⁻¹ feed), and diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.5, or 2 g NPs-A kg⁻¹ feed. Tilapia (10.3 ± 0.11 cm) were stocked at a density of 125 fish m⁻³ in conical fiber tanks with a diameter of 100 cm and fed the experimental diets for 60 days. Intestinal samples were collected on days 0 and 60 for histological evaluation and bacterial community profiling based on the V3–V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene. Dietary NPs-A supplementation was associated with differences in gut bacterial community composition and intestinal histological characteristics among treatments. Bacterial communities were dominated by Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota across all treatments, indicating the presence of a relatively stable core microbiota, while <i>Cetobacterium</i> remained the dominant genus. Among the evaluated treatments, supplementation with 0.5 g kg⁻¹ NPs-A showed the most favorable overall response, characterized by the highest villus length and villus-to-intestinal diameter ratio, together with distinct bacterial community profiles. Higher NPs-A doses (1.5–2 g kg⁻¹) were associated with greater intestinal muscle thickness but lower villus development. Overall, dietary NPs-A derived from <i>S. polycystum</i> was associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and intestinal histology in tilapia. However, because gut microbiota analyses were based on pooled intestinal samples and microbial community differences were evaluated descriptively, further studies incorporating biological replication and functional analyses are required to validate these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Gut Microbial Responses of Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) to Acute Salinity Stress","authors":"Yiming Li,&nbsp;Yucong Ye,&nbsp;Zongli Yao,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Pengcheng Gao,&nbsp;Zhen Sun,&nbsp;Yuxing Wei,&nbsp;Kai Zhou,&nbsp;Binhong Guo,&nbsp;Yunlong Zhao,&nbsp;Qifang Lai","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10688-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10688-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of aquaculture in saline waters provides a potential strategy for expanding aquatic food production under conditions of freshwater scarcity. However, the specific mechanisms by which economically valuable crustaceans respond to acute salinity stress remain unclear. Here, we investigated the survival and physiological responses of Chinese mitten crabs (<i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>) following acute exposure to a range of salinity levels (0.2‰, 5‰, 20‰, 25‰, and 30‰). After 48 h of exposure, the survival rates were 100%, 100%, 80%, 56.7%, and 26.7% in the 0.2‰, 5‰, 20‰, 25‰, and 30‰ groups, respectively, with survival decreasing significantly at salinities of 20‰ and above. Acute salinity exposure altered gill enzyme activities and hemolymph physiological parameters, with reduced Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity and increased carbonic anhydrase activity, osmolality, and ammonia content under the higher-salinity treatments. To characterize the molecular and microbial responses to extreme salinity exposure, gill transcriptomic and gut microbiome analyses were conducted in the 0.2‰ control group and the 30‰ treatment group. Transcriptomic analysis identified differential expression patterns associated with ion transmembrane transport, acid–base regulation, calcium homeostasis, and chitin-related processes. Gut microbiome analysis showed marked changes in microbial community structure, including the enrichment of <i>Candidatus Hepatoplasma</i>, <i>Marinifilum</i>, and <i>Sulfitobacter</i> and the reduced relative abundance of <i>Candidatus Bacilloplasma</i> and <i>Shewanella</i> in the 30‰ group. Tax4Fun analysis predicted significant differences in several microbial functional categories related to metabolism. These results indicate that acute high-salinity stress disrupts ion regulation and acid–base balance, inhibits key ion-transport enzymes, and alters the intestinal microbial community, accompanied by changes in predicted microbial phenotypes and functional profiles. This multi-omics analysis provides physiological and microbial insights into the acute response of <i>E. sinensis</i> to elevated salinity and may inform the culture and health management of this economically important species in saline waters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Synthetic Astaxanthin on Growth, Body Color, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Response of Plectropomus leopardus","authors":"Bingcong Ye,&nbsp;Yangyang Gong,&nbsp;Bo Qin,&nbsp;Yanfeng Yue,&nbsp;Zongli Yao,&nbsp;Yanqing Huang,&nbsp;Jianxue Lu","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10686-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10686-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effects of dietary synthetic astaxanthin on growth performance, body color, digestive physiology, antioxidant capacity, and immune responses in <i>Plectropomus leopardus</i>. Four experimental diets containing different levels of synthetic astaxanthin were formulated: T0 (0‰), T1 (1‰), T2 (2‰), and T3 (3‰). A total of 504 juvenile fish (initial body weight: 323.56 ± 14.64 g) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with three replicates per treatment (42 fish per tank) and fed the experimental diets for 90 days. The results showed that dietary astaxanthin supplementation significantly improved growth performance, as evidenced by increased final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Synthetic astaxanthin supplementation also enhanced body color by increasing chromatophore density and significantly elevating skin redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, digestive enzyme activities (LPS, AMS, TPA and CPA) were significantly increased in the astaxanthin-fed groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), indicating enhanced digestive and nutrient utilization capacities. Synthetic astaxanthin also improved physiological health by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT and T-AOC), while reducing lipid peroxidation levels (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In addition, immune-related parameters(ACP, AKP and LZM) were significantly enhanced, suggesting improved innate immune function and resistance to oxidative stress. Among the treatments, fish fed the T2 diet generally exhibited the most favorable responses in growth, pigmentation, antioxidant status, and immune performance. These findings suggest that dietary synthetic astaxanthin promotes growth, body color, digestive efficiency, antioxidant defense, and immune competence in <i>P. leopardus</i>, and that a supplementation level of approximately 2‰ may represent an optimal dietary inclusion level for this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated molecular mechanisms of salinity response in Apostichopus japonicus: focus on miRNA-driven core pathways and target gene regulation","authors":"Junwei Chen,&nbsp;Yudi Zhao,&nbsp;Nan Li,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Xuesong Wu,&nbsp;Baichang Wang,&nbsp;Xin Wei,&nbsp;Yaqing Chang,&nbsp;Yi Tian","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10679-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10679-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salinity fluctuations pose critical physiological challenges to the sea cucumber <i>Apostichopus japonicus</i>. This review elucidated its molecular salinity response mechanisms, focusing on miRNA-mediated regulation and core pathways. We highlight a hierarchical network in which 8 key miRNAs fine-tune responses. <i>let-7</i> targeted Solute Carrier Family 34 Member 2 (<i>SLC34A2</i>) and Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase (<i>CTH</i>), coordinating ion transport and amino acid metabolism, respectively. <i>miR-10</i> targeted genes Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (<i>NAMPT</i>) in energy homeostasis and TGF-Beta Activated Kinase 1 (MAP3K7) Binding Protein 1 (<i>Table 1</i>) to regulate MAPK/ERK signaling. <i>miR-278-3p</i> targeted 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2B (<i>Htr2b</i>) and Chloride Channel Accessory 1 (<i>CLCA1</i>) to modulate GPCR signaling and chloride transport. <i>miR-2008</i>,<i> miR-3</i>,<i> miR-16</i>,<i> miR-22</i>, and <i>miR-14</i> coordinate vesicular trafficking, transcription, apoptosis, and autophagy via targeting Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing A3 (<i>PLEKHA3</i>), Upstream Binding Transcription Factor (<i>UBTF</i>), ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 2 (ABCC2), Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (<i>GALNT2</i>), Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase 2 (<i>Got2</i>), Aconitase 2 (<i>Aco2</i>), and RNA Polymerase II Associated Protein 2 (<i>Rpap2</i>). Salinity sensing initiates GPCR-mediated cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK cascades, activating transcription factors (<i>UBTF</i>) to drive stress gene expression. Ion transporters (<i>SLC</i> family), ABC transporters, and vesicular transport maintain cellular homeostasis. Cullin Associated and Neddylation Dissociated 1 (<i>CAND1</i>)/Listerin E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Ltn1) are involved in amino acid/protein metabolism and ubiquitinated proteins to participate in vesicular transport for protein sorting and secreting. These secreted molecules (Glyare/Taurine) act as ligands to bind membrane receptors and trigger GPCR pathways and energy metabolism and redox balance. <i>Aco2/Got2/NAMPT</i> supply ATP for adaptation and apoptosis/autophagy, repair damage and maintain homeostasis, alleviate oxidative damage, supported by innate immunity genes. These findings establish a framework for understanding sea cucumbers salinity adaption, further exploration of additional genes is needed to refine mechanistic details.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 from First Feeding Improves Feed Efficiency and Modulates Hepatic Metabolic Transcriptome in Rainbow Trout","authors":"Jérôme Schmeisser,&nbsp;Sebastien Rider,&nbsp;Ester Santigosa Culi,&nbsp;Michaël Marchand,&nbsp;Frédéric Terrier,&nbsp;Stéphane Panserat,&nbsp;Viviane Verlhac-Trichet","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10683-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10683-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study was conducted to determine whether early dietary supplementation with an intermediate vitamin D metabolite could improve metabolic efficiency and liver function in rainbow trout. Over a 20-week feeding trial from first feeding, rainbow trout were fed either a control diet containing vitamin D₃ alone or a diet additionally supplemented with 80 µg/kg 25-OH-D₃. Plasma analysis confirmed that 25-OH-D₃ was efficiently absorbed, with detectable levels of 25-OH-D₃ and its epimer, indicating enhanced vitamin D status. While growth was similar between the experimental groups, fish receiving 25-OH-D₃ exhibited a significantly improved feed efficiency, indicating a better nutrient utilization. Whole-body composition analysis revealed higher protein and ash content and reduced lipid levels, consistent with transcriptomic evidence of modulated cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. Transcriptome profiling revealed 1301 differentially expressed genes in the liver, with strong modulation of pathways related to vitamin D metabolism, lipid handling, bile acid recycling, and ferroptosis. Additional signatures suggested improved nutrient partitioning and metabolic efficiency, potentially mediated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, including mRNA splicing. Consistent with its role on genome regulation via the vitamin D receptor, the data support the role of an active vitamin D system as a key potent modulator of efficient hepatic metabolism and function supporting improved feed utilization and long-term health outcomes in aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Intestine and Liver Responses of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to Plant Protein Diet","authors":"Wei Liu,&nbsp;Peihong Huang,&nbsp;Qiaozhen Ke,&nbsp;Jiaxing Liu,&nbsp;Fei Pu,&nbsp;Peng Xu,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Tao Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10126-026-10684-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10126-026-10684-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The utilization of plant protein in aquafeeds to reduce dependence on fishmeal has become an important strategy for improving the sustainability of marine aquaculture. This study investigated the effects of low-fishmeal plant protein diets on growth performance and gut–liver molecular responses in large yellow croaker. A total of 2,048 fish were fed two diets for 206 days: a commercial-like control diet containing 280 g/kg fishmeal (C group) and a low-fishmeal diet containing 100 g/kg fishmeal with increased inclusion of plant protein sources (P group). Growth trials indicated that fish in the C group had significantly higher weight gain rate and specific growth rate than those in the P group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Transcriptomic analysis identified 546 and 724 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hindgut and liver, respectively. Hindgut DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, immune responses, and signal transduction, whereas liver DEGs were primarily involved in lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and apoptosis. Several pathways, including fat digestion and absorption, complement and coagulation cascades, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, antigen processing and presentation, and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, were enriched in both tissues, suggesting coordinated gut–liver regulation. Representative genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune regulation, including <i>apob</i>, <i>scarb1</i>, <i>c3</i>, <i>b2m</i>, and <i>ccr9</i>, exhibited tissue-specific and coordinated expression changes. PPI network analysis further identified <i>c3</i>, <i>scarb1</i>, <i>vwf</i>, and <i>apob</i> as key regulatory nodes potentially involved in coordinated metabolic and immune adaptation. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gut–liver adaptation to plant-based diets in marine fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":690,"journal":{"name":"Marine Biotechnology","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}