Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Innovative plasma spray coating of HA-Ti-MgO composite on Ti₆Al₄V alloy for enhanced performance.","authors":"Negin Nadian, Salman Nourouzi, Hamed Jamshidi Aval","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06920-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06920-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, an innovative hydroxyapatite-titanium-magnesium oxide composite coating was successfully fabricated on Ti₆Al₄V alloy using plasma spraying to enhance its mechanical and corrosion performance for biomedical applications. Granulation of nano-sized HA powder (~100 ± 20 nm) produced spherical agglomerates in the range of 5-20 µm, ensuring suitable flowability for uniform coating deposition. SEM analyses confirmed dense and crack-minimized layers for both pure HA (~105 µm thick) and composite (~98 µm thick) coatings. XRD revealed the formation of additional CaTiO₃ and MgO phases in the composite, strengthening interfacial bonding. The composite coating exhibited a significant improvement in adhesion strength, reaching 29.2 ± 3.4 MPa, compared to 6.9 ± 0.6 MPa for pure HA. Vickers hardness also increased from 431.3 ± 5.8 HV (HA) to 537.9 ± 1.9 HV (composite coating), outperforming the uncoated Ti₆Al₄V substrate (360.8 ± 1.7 HV). Electrochemical tests showed that the composite coating achieved a lower corrosion current density (9.72 × 10^-8 A/cm²) and higher polarization resistance (41.2 kΩ·cm²) than the HA-only coating (1.19 × 10^-6 A/cm², 28.9 kΩ·cm²), indicating enhanced corrosion resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrombolytic therapy of human black hair and Au drug-loaded nanocapsules in vivo and in vitro based on near infrared II laser response.","authors":"Cuifu Fang, Qing Duan, Ying Tang, Lifeng Fu, Juzheng Chen, Weimin Zhou, Fengen Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06910-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-025-06910-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous thromboembolism ranks as the third most prevalent cardiovascular disease. Nanotechnology-based drug carriers show significant potential for thrombolytic therapy. However, existing systems face challenges, including environmental impact and limited accessibility. To address these, we developed a novel delivery system using human black hair-derived nanoparticles (HNPs). These HNPs were loaded with the thrombolytic agent urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and a minimal concentration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). These components were encapsulated within a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane to create the nanocapsule drug delivery system, uPA-Au@HNP@PVA. Upon intravenous injection into a rat model with venous thrombosis, the system leveraged targeted blood flow to reach thrombus sites. Under 1064 nm NIR irradiation, the PVA membrane dissolved, exposing and releasing the drugs for intelligent thrombolysis. This system demonstrated excellent thrombolytic efficacy both in vivo and in vitro, coupled with robust biocompatibility in various biological tests, suggesting a wide range of potential applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An injectable calcium sulfate-monetite biphasic cement for the treatment of critical-sized calvarial defects.","authors":"Jianzhong Bai, Dachuan Liu, Luguang Ding, Guoping Liu, Jiaying Li, Huan Wang, Li Dong, Chen Cui, Youzhi Hong, Shuangjian He, Song Chen, Hongtao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06911-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06911-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The critical bone defect is a common clinical challenge worldwide, characterized by long recovery times, a substantial risk of infection, and high disability rates. There remains a significant demand for synthetic bone-repairing materials to address this issue. In this study, porous monetite was synthesized through the reaction between monocalcium phosphate monohydrate and β-tricalcium phosphate, using paraffin microspheres as pore-forming agents. An injectable biphasic cement was then developed by blending the monetite granules with hemihydrate calcium sulfate, designed for minimally invasive surgical applications. The cement demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic properties in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed the cement's superior bone repair capabilities, indicating its promising potential for the treatment of critical bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent.","authors":"Ankita Parmanik, Prafful Pradeep Kothari, Anindya Bose, Swati Biswas","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06914-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06914-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) from the green sources has significant attraction due to their eco-compatibility, safety, and nontoxic nature. This work demonstrated the synthesis of IONPs using the aqueous root extract of Cyperus rotundus, a traditional antibacterial plant source (Cr-IONPs). The synthesized Cr-IONPs were characterized by various analytical instruments DLS, Zeta, XRD, SEM, VSM, etc. to evaluate its physicochemical and magnetic nature. The results confirmed the uniform shape of Cr-IONPs within a size range of 30-70 nm. Additionally, they exhibited excellent colloidal stability with a Zeta potential value of -30.50 ± 1.79 mV. The VSM analysis revealed a superparamagnetic nature with zero remanence value. The antibacterial study showed that Cr-IONPs exhibited strong antibacterial potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Both Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphyllococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains demonstrated that Cr-IONPs exhibit potent antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the diameter of the zone of inhibition increased with higher concentrations of the Cr-IONPs. These results demonstrate that the Cr-IONPs synthesized via a greener approach using C. rotundus extract exhibit strong antibacterial activity and biocompatibility, making them a promising candidate as a future antibacterial agent against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, their superparamagnetic nature also broadens their potential for biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic modulus of hyaluronic acid hydrogels by compression testing.","authors":"Rachel Lee, Emily K Hall, Bassam A Aljohani, Jake McClements, Marloes Peeters, Mark Geoghegan","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06878-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06878-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyaluronic acid was crosslinked using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide to form hydrogels with low elastic modulus. These hydrogels were swollen in water and the elastic modulus was obtained with a contact mechanics approach in ambient conditions using a low-load mechanical tester under compression. The modulus was measured during both the approach and retraction of the cylindrical probe into the gel and was found to be of the order of 30 kPa. The modulus was also measured from a stress-strain curve (47 kPa), in reasonable agreement with the contact mechanics approach. However, nanoindentation and rheology measurements reveal much smaller moduli, indicating that the technique used interrogates different length scales within the gel. This has profound implications for the applications of hydrogels used, for example, in tissue engineering. The values reported here are likely to be appropriate for applications where contact with the spinal cord is necessary. It is argued that a contact mechanics approach is appropriate for the characterization of hydrogels for applications designed for contact with tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12259796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced antibacterial activity of copper sulfide/polyetheretherketone biocomposites.","authors":"Yusong Pan, Wenjie Luo, Xinyu Liu, Ling Peng, Run Huang, Xiuling Lin, Yinghai Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06902-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06902-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The favorable antibacterial properties of the orthopedic implants can effectively reduce the risk of postoperative bacterial infection. Herein, CuS/PEEK biocomposites with an excellent antibacterial activity were successfully prepared by the method of cold pressing in combining with sintering molding technology. The investigation on the antibacterial properties revealed that the CuS/PEEK biocomposites exhibited superior antibacterial ability against both S. aureus and E. coli, whose antibacterial rates were 99.87% and 99.89%, respectively, while the CuS content in the bicomposites was up to 5%. Moreover, The antibacterial rates of CuS/PEEK composites against S. aureus and E. coli were as high as 99.98% after bacterial strain and CuS/PEEK co-cultivation for 15 min under light irradiation, indicating that the light irradiation and CuS/PEEK composites have the synergistic effect on the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial mechanisms verified that the photo-thermal effect of CuS and the continuous release of Cu²⁺ and S^2- ions in the composites played an important role for the improving antibacterial activity of CuS/PEEK composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative role of silver nanoparticles incorporated with chitosan solution and leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin scaffold during colon anastomosis in rabbits.","authors":"Mohammed Albahrawy, M I El-Henawey, Ayman S Elmezayyen, Esam Mosbah, Gamal Karrouf, Adel Zaghloul, Marwa Abass","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06908-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06908-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research aimed to detect the experimental value of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded with chitosan (CS) and leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in promoting the healing process of the anastomotic colon in rabbits. Forty-two healthy male white New Zealand rabbits underwent total transection and anastomosis of the ascending colon. The rabbits were then randomly divided and equally allocated into two groups (n = 21): the control (C) group, in which the transected colon was traditionally anastomosed with simple interrupted sutures, and the treated (T) group, in which the colon was traditionally anastomosed and completely wrapped by a L-PRF scaffold that was inoculated with 1 ml of AgNPs-CS solution. Clinical macroscopic observations of rabbits and pain scale scores were evaluated postoperatively on the 7th,14th, and 28th days. Additionally, seven rabbits from each group were euthanized at each time point to assess bursting pressure, radiographic stenotic degree, histopathological findings, and immunohistochemical examination. The anastomotic colon in the T-group revealed a significant improvement in the overall health status of rabbits, as well as mechanical bursting pressure scores. Pain scores and radiographic stenotic degree were significantly lower in the T-group. Moreover, the histopathological examination of the anastomotic colon in the T-group showed an increased collagen deposition in the submucosa, proper re-epithelialization of the mucosa, higher angiogenesis, reduced adhesions, and significantly higher histopathological healing scores than the C-group. The AgNPs-CS/L-PRF scaffold successfully reduced complications following colon anastomosis and potentially ameliorated the healing process of the anastomotic colon in the experimental rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteogenic potential of nanostructured Cu/W/Co in Fe-Mn alloys designed for maxillofacial applications: in vivo study in dog model.","authors":"Mohamed A Abdel Hamid, Samir A Elborolosy, Sara El Moshy, Hany R Ammar, S Sivasankaran, Walid S Salem, Elham A Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06890-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06890-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate osteogenic potential of biodegradable nanostructured Cu/W/Co in Fe-Mn alloys for maxillofacial applications in an in vivo model. Nanostructured FeMn₃₅, FeMn₃₂Cu₃, FeMn₃₂W_3, FeMn₃₂Co₃ alloys were fabricated. Ten mongrel dogs were included where five mandibular defects were induced in each dog. Defects were randomly allocated into 5 groups ((M) control defects covered by bone disc, (M0) implanted by FeMn₃₅ alloy, (M1) implanted by FeMn₃₂Cu₃ alloy, (M2) implanted by FeMn₃₂W₃ alloy, (M3) implanted by FeMn₃₂Co₃ alloy). Dogs were euthanized at 12 weeks for cone beam computed tomography, histologic and immunohistologic evaluation, and gene expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin. Defects implanted with metal demonstrated thicker bone trabeculae mixed with lamellar bone while control defects (M) demonestrated immature woven bone. Quantitative evaluation of bone area %, area % of mature bone and expression of osteopentin and osteocalcin bone markers revealed a statistically significant highest bone area % and maturation in group M3 compared to M2, M1, M0, and M group. A statistically significant increase in bone area % and maturation was recorded in M2 group compared to M1, M0, and M groups. A significantly increased bone area % and maturation was recorded in M1 compared to control M group and also between M0 and M group. Incorporating Cu/W/Co into Fe-Mn alloys enhanced biocompatibility and improved bone regeneration suggesting its suitability for use in various orthopedic and dental applications. Biodegradable metal alloys could improve patient outcome, reduce the need for additional surgeries to remove nonbiodegradble implants. Biodegradable metal alloys could improve patient outcome, reduce the need for additional surgeries to remove nonbiodegradble implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and characterization of AgVO₃-HAP/GO@PCL ceramic-based scaffolds for enhanced wound healing and tissue regeneration.","authors":"Hagar M Mahdy, Hanan Hendawy, Yehia M Abbas, El-Shazly M Duraia","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06907-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06907-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid, infection-free wound healing remains a critical challenge in regenerative medicine. This study presents the fabrication and evaluation of multifunctional electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds incorporating silver vanadate (AgVO₃), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and graphene oxide (GO) for advanced wound care applications. AgVO₃ offers potent antibacterial properties, HAp supports osteogenic and regenerative activities and GO enhances both mechanical performance and cellular interactions. The scaffolds exhibited a highly porous nanofibrous structure, mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoting cell attachment, migration, and nutrient exchange. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirmed the successful integration of the composite. Mechanical testing revealed that GO-containing scaffolds significantly improved stiffness, with AgVO₃/GO@PCL and HAp/GO@PCL achieving Young's moduli of 5.82 MPa and 4.36 MPa, respectively, which are substantially higher than that of neat PCL (1.39 MPa). In terms of flexibility, HAp/GO@PCL displayed the highest elongation at break (107.54%), indicating exceptional stretchability. The ultimate tensile strength was also enhanced in HAp@PCL (0.80 kJ/m³) and AgVO₃/@PCL (0.88 kJ/m³), highlighting their capacity to resist mechanical stress during application. Contact angle measurements showed that the AgVO₃-HAp/GO@PCL scaffold had the highest hydrophilicity (65.58° ± 5.97), compared to pure PCL (89.89° ± 3.70), indicating improved wettability, which is critical for fluid management and cell-material interactions at the wound interface. In vivo wound healing studies using a full-thickness rat model demonstrated that AgVO₃/GO@PCL scaffolds achieved 50% wound closure within 3 days, while AgVO₃-HAp/GO@PCL scaffolds facilitated complete re-epithelialization by day 14. Histological analysis confirmed enhanced collagen deposition and organized tissue architecture. The scaffolds also exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with large inhibition zones against S. aureus and E. coli. These findings position AgVO₃-HAp/GO@PCL scaffolds as promising candidates for next-generation wound dressings, offering a robust combination of mechanical resilience, bioactivity, antimicrobial efficacy, and moisture balance tailored for clinical wound-healing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced biological performance of Sr²⁺-doped nanorods on titanium implants by surface thermal-chemical treatment.","authors":"Xinrui Dai, Jianghui Zhao, Shengcai Qi, Ping Liu, Wei Li, Ke Zhang, Xiaohong Chen, Fengcang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06898-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10856-025-06898-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Titanium alloys, as artificial implants for orthopedic diseases, are prone to aseptic loosening and infection after surgery because their smooth surface restricts the attachment and movement of osteoblasts, resulting in a lack of osteogenic and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to prepare SrTiO₃ nanostructures with varying Sr content on the surface of titanium through a thermal-chemical treatment, enhancing the osteogenic capacity of titanium while providing antibacterial properties. The results indicated that the SrTiO₃ nanostructures are primarily composed of pure titanium and SrTiO₃ phases, exhibiting a rod-like surface morphology. Sr is uniformly distributed across the surface of the samples, and increasing the Sr content does not alter the morphology of the nanostructures. Wettability tests demonstrated that the SrTiO₃ nanostructures exhibited superhydrophilicity, promoting cell adhesion. Electrochemical tests revealed that the SrTiO₃ nanostructures prepared on the titanium surface significantly enhanced its corrosion resistance. After 14 days of immersion in simulated body fluids, a significant amount of hydroxyapatite formed on the surface of STN3, indicating that the SrTiO₃ nanostructures possess good bioactivity. In vitro antimicrobial tests demonstrated that SrTiO₃ nanostructures were effective against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with the antimicrobial rates increasing alongside the Sr content, reaching 48.1% and 38.6%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}