Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of cancer risk behaviors by county-level persistent poverty","authors":"Jennifer L. Moss ,&nbsp;Casey N. Pinto ,&nbsp;Chan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer mortality rates are substantially higher in persistent poverty US counties compared to non-persistent poverty US counties. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cancer risk behaviors by persistent poverty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Counties with poverty rates of ≥ 20 % between 1990 and 2017–21 were classified as ‘persistent poverty’ (<em>n</em> = 318), and others were classified as ‘non-persistent poverty’ (<em>n</em> = 2801). Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze differences in county-level prevalence estimates of five cancer risk behaviors (current smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, insufficient and sleep), controlling for demographic and socioeconomic variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to non-persistent poverty counties, persistent poverty counties had higher prevalence of smoking (24.3 % vs. 18.5 %), obesity (42.5 % vs. 36.8 %), physical inactivity (34.3 % vs. 25.8 %), and insufficient sleep (38.6 % vs. 34.0 %); however, persistent poverty counties had lower prevalence of excessive alcohol consumption (14.3 % vs. 17.2 %). Adjusted analyses confirmed significant differences in all cancer risk behaviors studied except insufficient sleep.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Persistent poverty counties exhibit higher prevalence of several cancer risk behaviors, which may contribute to elevated cancer mortality in these regions. Targeted public health interventions are needed to address these disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding current trends and incidence projections of prostate cancer in India: A comprehensive analysis of national and regional data from the global burden of disease study (1990 –2021)","authors":"Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Quazi Syed Zahiruddin ,&nbsp;Diptismita Jena ,&nbsp;Suhas Ballal ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar ,&nbsp;Mahakshit Bhat ,&nbsp;Shilpa Sharma ,&nbsp;M.Ravi Kumar ,&nbsp;Sarvesh Rustagi ,&nbsp;Abhay M. Gaidhane ,&nbsp;Lara Jain ,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah ,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study aims to explore the burden and trends of prostate cancer (PC) in India at the state level from 1990 to 2021, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The health metrics including age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR), prevalence rates (ASPR), disability-adjusted life years (ASDR), and mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 for PC were analysed across Indian states and union territories. Join point regression analysis was employed to identify significant changes in these metrics over time. Projection of ASIR were done using auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The age-wise distribution of PC showed increased in ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, ASMR among older age, majorly in the 75–79 years age group. From 1990–2021, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in ASIR, ASPR, ASMR and ASDR increased by 157 %, 278 %, 76 % and 58 % respectively. Projections indicate a further rise in ASIR to 9.15 per 100,000 by 2031. The join point analysis showed the highest annual percentage change (APC) between 1992 and 1995 period in all health metrics. Despite Gujarat state showing the highest total percentage change in all health metrics when considering regional variations, Delhi and Kerala still remain the highest overall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study emphasises the growing burden of PC in India, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic practices, localized screening guidelines, and targeted public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver cancer in Saudi Arabia: A registry-based nationwide descriptive epidemiological and survival analysis","authors":"Nawal H. Almohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver cancer is a major worldwide health concern characterized by increasing rates of occurrence. It ranks as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and is the third highest contributor to cancer-related fatalities globally. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of liver cancer in Saudi Arabia and to analyze the factors associated with it. This retrospective medical record review included all the patients diagnosed with a liver cancer from January 2014 to December 2020. The incidence data were obtained and collected from the Saudi Cancer registry. The net survival percentage was obtained in global cancer observatory website of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. There were 3066 occurrences of liver cancer among Saudi Nationals during the years 2014 and 2020. The majority of patients consisted of males, accounting for 2105 individuals, which represents 68.7 % of the total. The predominant morphologies are Hepatocellular carcinoma (2520, 82.2 %), choliangocarcinoma (267, 8.7 %), Adenocarcinoma (5.1 %), and malignant neoplasm (3.4 %). The age-standardized incidence rate for males between 2014 and 2020 varied from 4.0 per 100,000 to 4.8 per 100,000, whilst for females it ranged from 1.5 per 100,000 to 2.4 per 100,000. The age-standardized incidence rate among Saudi nationals is 4.7 cases per 100,000, while the age-standardized mortality rate is 4.6 deaths per 100,000. Liver cancer is a significant global health problem, marked by its high occurrence and typically poor survival rates. By emphasizing risk factors, it enhances the implementation practices that may help to provide appropriate care to maximize favourable outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical cancer incidence and trends among women aged 15–29 years by county-level economic status and rurality – United States, 2007–2020","authors":"Radhika Agarwal ,&nbsp;Jessica B. King ,&nbsp;Sameer V. Gopalani ,&nbsp;Virginia Senkomago","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Variations in cervical cancer incidence rates and trends have been reported by sociodemographic characteristics. However, research on economic characteristics is limited especially among younger women in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed United States Cancer Statistics data to examine age-standardized cervical cancer incidence rates among women aged 15–29 years during 2007–2020. We used an index-based county-level economic classification to rank counties in the top 25 %, middle 25 %-75 %, and bottom 25 %. We assessed differences in incidence using rate ratios and trends using annual percent changes (APCs) from joinpoint regression. Due to impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, trend analysis excluded 2020 data. Analyses were conducted during August-October 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During 2007–2020, incidence rates were lower in the top 25 % counties economically than the bottom 25 % or middle 25 %-75 % (1.6 vs 2.1 vs 1.9 per 100,000, respectively). Rates were higher in nonmetropolitan than metropolitan counties across economic groups. Overall, rates declined in all county-level economic strata, especially in the bottom 25 % during 2015–2019 (APC −10.6 %). Rates appeared to decrease in metropolitan counties and women of all races across economic categories. decreases were most evident in the top 25 % of non-Hispanic White women during 2016–2019 and nonmetropolitan counties during 2017–2019.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In women aged 15–29 years, declining rates of cervical cancer during 2007–2019 across county-level economic strata may partly reflect effects of human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Further observed differences by race and rurality may help inform efforts to increase implementation of preventive measures in populations with the highest burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of type 2 diabetes on melanoma stage (TNM) at the time of diagnosis and its association with sex: A Danish nationwide study","authors":"Jens Ejrnæs Tønder ,&nbsp;Eeva-Liisa Røssell ,&nbsp;Martin Sollie ,&nbsp;Marie Louise Bønnelykke-Behrndtz ,&nbsp;Tinne Laurberg","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer has become the leading cause of death among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in high-income countries. T2D is suggested to directly influence cancer progression. However, the association between T2D and melanoma stage at diagnosis remains uncertain, as well as any potential sex disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the association between T2D and the melanoma TNM stage (Breslow thickness, ulceration status, lymph node metastases, and distant metastases) at the time of diagnosis and to assess whether the association is affected by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted, including all patients diagnosed with melanoma between 2004 and 2022 identified in the Danish Cancer Register. T2D status was ascertained using a validated register based algorithm. The association between T2D and melanoma stage was estimated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for sex, age, comorbidity, and year of diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 30,315 individuals with melanoma. The multivariable analyses showed that T2D was associated with an increased adjust odds ratio (aOR) of tumour thickness &gt; 4 mm (aOR 1.30, 95 %CI: [1.10–1.52]), the presence of ulceration (aOR: 1.25, 95 % CI: [1.09–1.43]), lymph node metastases (aOR 1.27 [1.10–1.47]), and distant metastases (aOR: 1.26 [1.01–1.56]). Furthermore, sex stratified analyses showed that T2D was associated with distant metastases in women, but not in men.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with T2D were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stages of local, regional, and distant melanoma. This highlights the need for greater melanoma awareness and further research into treatment responses in individuals with T2D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease burden of cancers attributable to high fasting plasma glucose from 1990 to 2021 and projections until 2031 in China","authors":"Zhong Zheng ,&nbsp;Shaojie Xu ,&nbsp;Jicun Zhu ,&nbsp;Qian Yang ,&nbsp;Hua Ye ,&nbsp;Meng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Haiyan Liu ,&nbsp;Yifan Cheng ,&nbsp;Yuanlin Zou ,&nbsp;Yin Lu ,&nbsp;Peng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) has been indicated as one of the important risk factors for cancers. This study aimed to estimate the disease burden of cancers attributable to HFPG in China from 1990 to 2021 and predict the burden until 2031.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The data of cancers attributable to HFPG were extracted from Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 project. A joinpoint regression model was conducted to estimate the temporal trends from 1990 to 2021. The effects of age, period, and cohort were estimated by an age-period-cohort (APC) model. Lastly, a Bayesian APC model was employed to predict the disease burden for the next decade.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1990–2021, cancer deaths attributable to HFPG in China increased by 232 % (95 % uncertainty interval [UI]: 156–330.77 %), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) increased by 195.4 % (95 % UI: 127.38–289.7 %). In addition, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) for the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) were 0.6364 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.4234–0.8498 %) and 0.6263 % (95 % CI: 0.3024–0.9512 %), respectively. Among all cancer types, pancreatic cancer had the largest increase in disease burden. The risks of mortality and DALYs increased with age, while showing initial rapid increase with period growth followed by relative stabilization. The cohort effect indicates that males born later had higher risks of mortality and DALYs. Finally, despite a continuous decline in both ASMR and ASDR, the numbers of deaths and DALYs were projected to continue increasing in the next decade.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The disease burden of cancers attributable to HFPG significantly increased from 1990 to 2021 in China, and the numbers of deaths and DALYs would continuously increase in the next decade. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce targeted policies controlling the disease burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing polygenic risk score for breast cancer risk prediction in a Taiwanese population","authors":"Yi-Hsuan Lin ,&nbsp;Chih-Chiang Hung ,&nbsp;Guan-Cheng Lin ,&nbsp;I.-Chen Tsai ,&nbsp;Chih Yean Lum ,&nbsp;Tzu-Hung Hsiao","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Breast cancer has been the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in Taiwan since 2003. While genetic variants play a significant role in the elevated risk of breast cancer, their implications have been less explored within Asian populations. Variant-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) have emerged as valuable tools for assessing the likelihood of developing breast cancer. In light of this, we attempted to establish a predictive breast cancer PRS tailored specifically for the Taiwanese population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The cohort analyzed in this study comprised 28,443 control subjects and 1501 breast cancer cases. These individuals were sourced from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) array and the breast cancer registry lists at Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH). Utilizing the breast cancer-associated Polygenic Score (PGS) Catalog, we employed logistic regression to identify the most effective PRS for predicting breast cancer risk. Subsequently, we subjected the cohort of 1501 breast cancer patients to further analysis to investigate potential heterogeneity in breast cancer risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Polygenic Score ID PGS000508 demonstrated a significant association with breast cancer risk in Taiwanese women with a 1.498-fold increase in cancer risk(OR = 1.498, 95 % CI(1.431–1.567, p=5.38×10^-68). Individuals in the highest quartile exhibited a substantially elevated risk compared to those in the lowest quartile, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.11 (95 % CI: 2.70–3.59; p=1.15×10^-55). In a cohort of 1501 breast cancer cases stratified by PRS distribution, women in the highest quartile were diagnosed at a significantly younger age (p=0.003) compared to those in the lowest quartile. However, no significant differences were observed between PRS quartiles in relation to clinical stage (p=0.274), pathological stage (p=0.647), or tumor subtype distribution (p=0.244).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our study, we pinpointed PGS000508 as a significant predictive factor for breast cancer risk in Taiwanese women. Furthermore, we found that a higher PGS000508 score was associated with younger age at the time of first diagnosis among the breast cancer cases examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributions and trends in the global burden of young-onset tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer by region, age, and sex from 1990 to 2021: An age-period-cohort analysis","authors":"Guohao Fu ,&nbsp;Dan Li ,&nbsp;Wenhao Wu ,&nbsp;Minghua Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102734","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The young onset Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer (TBLC) exhibits distinct gene mutations and clinical characteristics. With worsening air pollution, the incidence of young onset TBLC is increasing, resulting in significant economic burdens. The specific epidemiology of the disease burden remains elusive.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The updated Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study was employed. This study reports on the disease burden trends of young TBLC (≤54 years) and its risk factors. Data is presented as counts and age-standardized rates (ASRs) per 100,000 people across different age groups, years, sexes, sociodemographic levels (SDI), and geographic locations (global, regional, and national). An age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to analyze longitudinal curves on age, period, and cohort effects for young TBLC. Decomposition analysis broke down temporal changes into three factors: population aging, population growth, and epidemiological change, to quantify the changes and identify their causes. An inequality index was applied to examine the inequality of disease burden of young TBLC by sex across different SDI levels between 1990 and 2021.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;From 1990–2021, the global number of individuals under 55 diagnosed with TBLC increased from 320,715 to 489,080, representing a 52 % rise. However, the age-standardized rates of prevalence (Average annual percentage changes (AAPC) −0.05 %), incidence (AAPC −0.59 %), mortality (AAPC −0.88 %), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) (AAPC −0.92 %) all showed a notable decline tendency. In 2021, there were 258,360 new diagnoses and 207,000 deaths from young TBLC, with ASRs of incidence and mortality at 6.43 and 5.49 per 100,000, respectively. Regionally, East Asia bore the highest burden, with about 117,730 new young TBLC cases and an ASR of 12.01 per 100,000 people. Decomposition analysis indicated that population growth was the primary driver for the increased prevalence of young TBLC. While tobacco-related DALYs for young TBLC decreased globally, tobacco remains the leading risk factor. In contrast, air pollution-related DALYs have significantly increased in middle and lower SDI regions. Over the past two decades, the burden of young TBLC among females has grown substantially, with increased inequality observed in 2021. Tobacco was the largest contributor to the PAF of young female DALYs in high SDI regions, whereas air pollution was the leading contributor in other SDI regions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;While the total number of young TBLC cases has been on the rise trend, primarily due to population changes, the ASRs of young TBLC burdens have decreased over the past two decades. In 2021, East Asia recorded the highest ASRs for young TBLC in terms of prevalence, incidence, and mortality. Tobacco remains the primary risk factor for young TBLC, and the DALYs burden from tobacco use has significantly decre","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of cancer and diabetes in a high-income country: Age-period-cohort projections 2020–2044","authors":"Andrea Teng ,&nbsp;James Stanley ,&nbsp;Ross Lawrenson ,&nbsp;Chunhuan Lao ,&nbsp;Jeremy Krebs ,&nbsp;Jonathan Koea ,&nbsp;Dianne Sika-Paotonu ,&nbsp;Jason Gurney","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer and diabetes are increasingly prevalent, and it is not unusual for an individual to have both conditions at the same time. This occurrence has significant ramifications to the person, the clinical team providing care, and the broader health system.</div></div><div><h3>Research design and methods</h3><div>For the period 2006–2019, we used national-level diabetes (Virtual Diabetes Register) and cancer (New Zealand Cancer Registry) data on nearly five million individuals over 44 million person-years of follow-up. We used cancer incidence among those with and without prevalent diabetes to project cancer incidence across the 2020–2044 period, using age-period-cohort modelling to account for factors driving trends in cancer incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cancer rates were highest among those with diabetes for 21 of the 24 most common cancers, and people with diabetes also have faster projected increases in cancer than those without diabetes. The greatest differences in cancer incidence by diabetes status were for uterine, liver, pancreatic and kidney cancers, which all have a strong relationship with obesity. In terms of projected burden, cancers in people with diabetes were projected to more than double from 20,243 to 48,773, a 141 % increase from 2015 to 19–2040–44. Age-standardised cancer incidence was projected to increase 2.4 times faster for people with diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings reinforce the fact that diabetes prevention activities are also cancer prevention activities, and must therefore be prioritised and resourced in tandem. The projected volume of diabetes and cancer co-occurrence also has important policy implications in terms of workforce development, as well as service delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The productivity burden of breast cancer in Australia","authors":"Melanie Lloyd ,&nbsp;Divya Bassi ,&nbsp;Ella Zomer ,&nbsp;Zanfina Ademi","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Breast cancer exerts a considerable burden on an individual’s health, but also impacts society more broadly through lost work productivity. This study aimed to measure the quality of life and productivity burden among Australian females of working age diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Markov lifetable model was simulated twice; the initial simulation followed the progression of Australian females diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022 using current population incidence rates, whilst the second simulation hypothetically assumed there were no females living with breast cancer. The difference in the number of life years lived, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs) between the two simulations was estimated. All model inputs were derived from previously published sources. Financial costs attributable to each PALY were estimated utilising the total gross domestic product (GDP) for each equivalent full-time worker in Australia (2022 prices) and in scenario analysis using the human capital approach in terms of wage loss, with discounting of 5 % applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a ten-year period from 2022 to 2031, it is predicted that breast cancer will result in the loss of 4286 years of life lived and 15,597 QALYs. It is also predicted that 16,403 PALYs will be lost, equating to AU$3.26 billion in lost GDP. Results remain robust, showing limited sensitivity to changes in the inputs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Breast cancer significantly impacts the health and economic welfare of Australian females of working age. Funding initiatives and programs which accelerate recovery and integration back into the workforce are likely to be economically beneficial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}