Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Chemotherapy use in ovarian cancer patients diagnosed 2012–2017 in Australia, Canada, Norway and the UK: An International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study","authors":"Matthew E. Barclay ,&nbsp;Sean McPhail ,&nbsp;Shane A. Johnson ,&nbsp;Ruth Swann ,&nbsp;John Butler ,&nbsp;Christian J. Finley ,&nbsp;Andriana Barisic ,&nbsp;Damien Bennett ,&nbsp;Oliver Bucher ,&nbsp;Nicola Creighton ,&nbsp;Cheryl A. Denny ,&nbsp;Ron A. Dewar ,&nbsp;David W. Donnelly ,&nbsp;Laura Downie ,&nbsp;Norah Finn ,&nbsp;Steven Habbous ,&nbsp;Dyfed W. Huws ,&nbsp;Leon May ,&nbsp;Bjørn Møller ,&nbsp;David S. Morrison ,&nbsp;Georgios Lyratzopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe use of chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer in national or sub-national populations of Australia, Canada, Norway and the UK.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Linked population-based data sources were used to describe use and time to chemotherapy initiation in ovarian cancer patients diagnosed in study periods during 2012–2017. Random-effects meta-analysis characterised the size of interjurisdictional variation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 39,879 patients, chemotherapy use ranged from 49 % (Wales) to 75 % (Manitoba). Across jurisdictions, chemotherapy use was higher in advanced disease (79 %, 95 %CI: 74 %–83 %), and lower for stages 1–2 or localised/regional disease (54 %, 95 %CI: 48 %–60 %). Within jurisdictions, chemotherapy use was similar in patients aged 15–64 and 65–74 and then decreased sharply with increasing age. There was large interjurisdictional variation in chemotherapy use in patients aged 85–99 years with advanced disease, being, for example, 23 % (95 %CI: 20 %–25 %) in England and 61 % (95 %CI: 51 %–70 %) in Ontario. However, jurisdictions with the highest chemotherapy use in recorded advanced stage, including Ontario, tended to have higher percentage of missing stage information. Overall, time from diagnosis to chemotherapy initiation was shorter in New South Wales and Victoria and longer in Scotland and Wales. In patients with advanced disease, interjurisdictional variation in time-to-treatment was limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Even within the same age groups and stage strata, use of chemotherapy varied substantially between jurisdictions during the mid-2010s. Future work should examine use of surgery in combination with chemotherapy. The reasons for the international variation in chemotherapy use and its contribution to international variation in survival should be established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to handle missing follow-up time: A comparative analysis of contralateral breast cancer incidence","authors":"Sarah R. Haile ,&nbsp;Miriam Wanner ,&nbsp;Dimitri Korol ,&nbsp;Sabine Rohrmann","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We aimed to compare various common approaches for handling missing vital status or follow-up time. As a case study for application of these methods, we estimated incidence of metachronous contralateral breast cancer (CBC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For 1980–2016, incidence of metachronous CBC with follow-up through 2024 was estimated using Poisson regression with overdispersion, by age at incidence, year of incidence, histology and follow-up period. Missing follow-up time was ignored in the naive approach, simulated once using the average hazard derived from published Swiss cancer registry data, or multiply imputed using 3 different imputation models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>24,612 women aged 20–84 had unilateral breast cancer between 1980 and 2016 in the Swiss cantons of Zurich and Zug. Of those, 5 % (n = 1264) were lost to follow-up. Over 291,463 person-years, 1145 contralateral breast malignancies were diagnosed, corresponding to 393 per 100,000 person-years (95 % CI 353–438). Incidence rates have been decreasing over time to 238 (171−333) for the incidence period 2010–2016. The same overall pattern was observed regardless of how we handled missing follow-up times. However, using a single imputation generally produced lower incidence rates compared to the naive approach, with multiple imputation giving higher estimates. The most complex multiple imputation model gave incidence estimates that were very similar to those from the naive approach.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Different methods to handle missing follow-up times yielded similar results: that CBC incidence has declined in recent decades. Multiple imputation is likely an appropriate method to handle missing follow-up data, enabling researchers to include all eligible individuals in the analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging data gaps: Methodological advances in extracting and analyzing genetic information from unstructured clinical records in hereditary cancer","authors":"Danny Styvens Cardona ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Valencia-Arango ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Gallo ,&nbsp;Catalina Andrea Bustamante ,&nbsp;Richard Orlando Salazar ,&nbsp;Carlos Andrés Carmona ,&nbsp;Melisa Naranjo Vanegas ,&nbsp;Carolina Jaramillo Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Juliana Espinosa Moncada ,&nbsp;Harvy Mauricio Velasco ,&nbsp;Natalia Gallego Lopera","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The global impact of cancer, driven by both acquired and hereditary mutations, underscores the necessity for extensive research efforts. Despite the increasing volume of genetic data, significant gaps remain in data science research, particularly in Latinos and admixed populations. This study utilizes advanced data science techniques to integrate genetic and clinical data, aiming to improve the understanding of hereditary cancer in Colombia and demonstrating the transformative potential of data-driven approaches in cancer research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This observational study analyzed healthcare databases from four regions and 11 cities in Colombia. Genetic data were extracted from PDF reports within SURA Colombia's Electronic Health Records (a Latin American health insurance provider) for individuals referred for hereditary cancer testing between October 2019 and November 2021. Variants in 30 genes, aligned with NCCN guidelines, were examined using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Data extraction was automated using Python and R, followed by integration and analysis of genetic, clinical, and sociodemographic data using advanced data science tools hosted on Azure infrastructure. These tools enabled predictive modeling and cross-referencing to explore correlations between genetic variants and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 1377 patients, with a predominance of women (92.81 %) and 63 % from the northwestern region of Colombia. The largest age group (40.37 %) was between 31 and 44 years, and 95.35 % had a personal cancer history, primarily breast cancer (75.86 %). Hereditary cancer testing revealed 145 positive results and 587 uncertain outcomes. Data science-driven analysis identified higher positivity rates in patients aged 31–44 and over 50, particularly in the northeast and central regions. Among positive results, 42.6 % included variants of uncertain significance, with 95.9 % of these patients having a personal cancer history.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the significant role of data science in analyzing hereditary cancer data. Advanced computational techniques can aid in genetic variant reclassification, uncover patterns in underrepresented populations, and inform personalized interventions for hereditary cancer management in Latin America.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10 Years of breast cancer treatment trends in Fars Province, report of Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry","authors":"Majid Akrami ,&nbsp;Amirhesam Moosazadeh ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Taghva ,&nbsp;Nastaran Tavakolian ,&nbsp;Marzieh Karami Rad ,&nbsp;Zahra Keumarsi ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Ghoddusi Johari ,&nbsp;Vahid Zangouri","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite global recommendations favoring breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer, there is limited long-term evidence on surgical trends and survival outcomes in low- and middle-income countries such as Iran. Understanding these patterns is crucial to improving treatment equity and patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate two-decade trends in surgical approach selection for breast cancer and to compare survival outcomes between BCS and mastectomy in Fars province, Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 10,091 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2022 were extracted from the Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized into four groups based on type of surgery (BCS or mastectomy) and receipt of radiotherapy. Logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing treatment selection. Survival and recurrence were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and factors affecting survival were evaluated using the Cox regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2000 and 2022, the proportion of patients undergoing BCS plus radiotherapy increased from 30.5 % to 73.8 %, surpassing mastectomy. The BCS plus radiotherapy group showed the most favorable outcomes, with the lowest breast cancer-specific mortality (6.2 %), recurrence rate (10.2 %), and the highest 10-year BCSS (96.01 %). These associations remained significant after multivariable adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals a significant shift toward BCS plus radiotherapy in southern Iran over the past two decades. BCS with radiotherapy is associated with superior survival outcomes compared to mastectomy. However, access barriers continue to prevent many women from receiving the optimal surgical approach, indicating the need for policy and health system interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspirin use associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer","authors":"Kuan-Fu Liao,&nbsp;Shih-Wei Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102929","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assessment of melanoma risk factors versus expert assessment: A systematic review of agreement","authors":"Lena Friederike Kopplin,&nbsp;Isabelle Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The number of melanoma cases has been rising over the past decades. Hence, screening is essential to provide early and effective patient management. However, screening for risk factors binds medical resources and may be conducted by patients. To evaluate the quality and validity of such a self-assessment, a systematic review of patient-expert agreement in dermatologic examinations is presented. A systematic review of studies examining participant-expert agreement on melanoma risk factors that were published until May 2025 was conducted. Included sources were retrieved from PubMed, the Web of Science Core Collection, and Scopus. Publications in languages other than English were excluded from the analysis. Of the 3562 records identified, 29 were eligible for evaluation. Six melanoma risk factors dominated the results: Typical and atypical nevi, skin phototype, freckles, hair and eye color., with typical nevi being the most frequently assessed risk factor (22 studies). Agreement is highly heterogeneous, ranging from predominantly weaker to scarcely reported substantial agreement, casting doubts on whether individuals should be tasked with self-assessment. Individual self-assessment may currently serve as a first indication of elevated melanoma risk but cannot substitute for dermatologic screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to ‘reverse causality’ comment","authors":"Shan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Ji,&nbsp;Ruiyu Chai,&nbsp;Shiyi Song,&nbsp;Jikang Shi,&nbsp;Siyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This document is the authors' response to the received comments for manuscript CANEP-D-25–00912.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further dose-response association exploration could enhance the causal inference between benzene exposure and risk of nervous system cancers","authors":"Yachen Liang,&nbsp;Jingya Chen,&nbsp;Tianyou Chen,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Junjie Fang,&nbsp;Lefu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupational benzene exposure is a known carcinogen; however, the dose-response relationship with cancers of the nervous system, particularly glioma, requires clarification. Based on the systematic review by Mangiaterra et al., this paper conducted a secondary analysis of the results and utilized original supplementary data to assess risk ratios (RRs) for high, medium, and low benzene exposure levels. This aimed to evaluate both linear and non-linear dose-response relationships. We observed a significantly increased risk for nervous system cancers only at high exposure levels. Risks associated with moderate and low exposure levels showed no significant increase. Both dose-response curves indicated no clear upward trend with increasing exposure. Limitations include the frequent lack of confounder adjustment in source estimates, potential publication bias, and limited original data, all of which impact the heterogeneity and accuracy of the findings. While high-concentration benzene exposure may pose a risk for nervous system cancers and potentially exhibit dose-dependency, these limitations constrain the robustness of the dose-response assessment. Future research should validate this association using high-quality, multi-level exposure data with adequate confounder adjustment. Such studies are crucial to provide a scientific basis for occupational health protection measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: The significance of dose-response relationships in elucidating benzene’s neurocarcinogenicity","authors":"Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi,&nbsp;Paolo Boffetta","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating sex-specific prediction models for colorectal cancer risk using a genome-wide polygenic risk score and lifestyle factors in a Japanese population","authors":"Shiori Nakano ,&nbsp;Taiki Yamaji ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Hachiya ,&nbsp;Aya Kuchiba ,&nbsp;Atsushi Shimizu ,&nbsp;Norie Sawada ,&nbsp;Manami Inoue ,&nbsp;Shoichiro Tsugane ,&nbsp;Motoki Iwasaki ,&nbsp;for the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The predictive performance of a colorectal cancer (CRC) risk prediction model incorporating genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and lifestyle factors remains unclear in Asian populations. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Asian-specific models using a Japanese population-based prospective study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We derived 31 genome-wide PRSs using a genome-wide association study of CRC from the Biobank Japan and selected the best-performing PRS with the highest C-index in development case-cohort, including 200 incident cases. In evaluation case-cohort, including 693 incident cases, we assessed the discrimination accuracy (C-index, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI)) of lifestyle, PRS, and combined models using 5-fold cross-validation methods and estimated 10-year absolute risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 31 derived PRSs, the PRS aggregating 104,677 variant risks performed best in the development case-cohort. The men and women in the highest quintiles of the PRS had an approximately three-fold and two-fold higher risk of CRC, respectively, than those in the lowest in the evaluation case-cohort. Meanwhile, the association of lifestyle factors with CRC risk was observed only in men. Incorporating the PRS into a lifestyle model improved the C-index from 0.64 to 0.66 for men and from 0.61 to 0.63 for women. The IDI and NRI values supported this improvement. The 10-year absolute risk was 3.3 % and 1.6 % for high-risk men and women, respectively, and 0.5 % for both low-risk men and women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that the CRC risk prediction model utilizing genome-wide PRS for Asians is valuable; however, further improvement is needed before clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}