Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"10 Years of breast cancer treatment trends in Fars Province, report of Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry","authors":"Majid Akrami ,&nbsp;Amirhesam Moosazadeh ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Taghva ,&nbsp;Nastaran Tavakolian ,&nbsp;Marzieh Karami Rad ,&nbsp;Zahra Keumarsi ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Ghoddusi Johari ,&nbsp;Vahid Zangouri","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite global recommendations favoring breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer, there is limited long-term evidence on surgical trends and survival outcomes in low- and middle-income countries such as Iran. Understanding these patterns is crucial to improving treatment equity and patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate two-decade trends in surgical approach selection for breast cancer and to compare survival outcomes between BCS and mastectomy in Fars province, Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 10,091 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2022 were extracted from the Shiraz Breast Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized into four groups based on type of surgery (BCS or mastectomy) and receipt of radiotherapy. Logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing treatment selection. Survival and recurrence were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and factors affecting survival were evaluated using the Cox regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2000 and 2022, the proportion of patients undergoing BCS plus radiotherapy increased from 30.5 % to 73.8 %, surpassing mastectomy. The BCS plus radiotherapy group showed the most favorable outcomes, with the lowest breast cancer-specific mortality (6.2 %), recurrence rate (10.2 %), and the highest 10-year BCSS (96.01 %). These associations remained significant after multivariable adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals a significant shift toward BCS plus radiotherapy in southern Iran over the past two decades. BCS with radiotherapy is associated with superior survival outcomes compared to mastectomy. However, access barriers continue to prevent many women from receiving the optimal surgical approach, indicating the need for policy and health system interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspirin use associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer","authors":"Kuan-Fu Liao,&nbsp;Shih-Wei Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102929","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assessment of melanoma risk factors versus expert assessment: A systematic review of agreement","authors":"Lena Friederike Kopplin,&nbsp;Isabelle Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The number of melanoma cases has been rising over the past decades. Hence, screening is essential to provide early and effective patient management. However, screening for risk factors binds medical resources and may be conducted by patients. To evaluate the quality and validity of such a self-assessment, a systematic review of patient-expert agreement in dermatologic examinations is presented. A systematic review of studies examining participant-expert agreement on melanoma risk factors that were published until May 2025 was conducted. Included sources were retrieved from PubMed, the Web of Science Core Collection, and Scopus. Publications in languages other than English were excluded from the analysis. Of the 3562 records identified, 29 were eligible for evaluation. Six melanoma risk factors dominated the results: Typical and atypical nevi, skin phototype, freckles, hair and eye color., with typical nevi being the most frequently assessed risk factor (22 studies). Agreement is highly heterogeneous, ranging from predominantly weaker to scarcely reported substantial agreement, casting doubts on whether individuals should be tasked with self-assessment. Individual self-assessment may currently serve as a first indication of elevated melanoma risk but cannot substitute for dermatologic screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to ‘reverse causality’ comment","authors":"Shan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Ji,&nbsp;Ruiyu Chai,&nbsp;Shiyi Song,&nbsp;Jikang Shi,&nbsp;Siyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This document is the authors' response to the received comments for manuscript CANEP-D-25–00912.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further dose-response association exploration could enhance the causal inference between benzene exposure and risk of nervous system cancers","authors":"Yachen Liang,&nbsp;Jingya Chen,&nbsp;Tianyou Chen,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Junjie Fang,&nbsp;Lefu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupational benzene exposure is a known carcinogen; however, the dose-response relationship with cancers of the nervous system, particularly glioma, requires clarification. Based on the systematic review by Mangiaterra et al., this paper conducted a secondary analysis of the results and utilized original supplementary data to assess risk ratios (RRs) for high, medium, and low benzene exposure levels. This aimed to evaluate both linear and non-linear dose-response relationships. We observed a significantly increased risk for nervous system cancers only at high exposure levels. Risks associated with moderate and low exposure levels showed no significant increase. Both dose-response curves indicated no clear upward trend with increasing exposure. Limitations include the frequent lack of confounder adjustment in source estimates, potential publication bias, and limited original data, all of which impact the heterogeneity and accuracy of the findings. While high-concentration benzene exposure may pose a risk for nervous system cancers and potentially exhibit dose-dependency, these limitations constrain the robustness of the dose-response assessment. Future research should validate this association using high-quality, multi-level exposure data with adequate confounder adjustment. Such studies are crucial to provide a scientific basis for occupational health protection measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: The significance of dose-response relationships in elucidating benzene’s neurocarcinogenicity","authors":"Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi,&nbsp;Paolo Boffetta","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating sex-specific prediction models for colorectal cancer risk using a genome-wide polygenic risk score and lifestyle factors in a Japanese population","authors":"Shiori Nakano ,&nbsp;Taiki Yamaji ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Hachiya ,&nbsp;Aya Kuchiba ,&nbsp;Atsushi Shimizu ,&nbsp;Norie Sawada ,&nbsp;Manami Inoue ,&nbsp;Shoichiro Tsugane ,&nbsp;Motoki Iwasaki ,&nbsp;for the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The predictive performance of a colorectal cancer (CRC) risk prediction model incorporating genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and lifestyle factors remains unclear in Asian populations. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Asian-specific models using a Japanese population-based prospective study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We derived 31 genome-wide PRSs using a genome-wide association study of CRC from the Biobank Japan and selected the best-performing PRS with the highest C-index in development case-cohort, including 200 incident cases. In evaluation case-cohort, including 693 incident cases, we assessed the discrimination accuracy (C-index, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI)) of lifestyle, PRS, and combined models using 5-fold cross-validation methods and estimated 10-year absolute risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 31 derived PRSs, the PRS aggregating 104,677 variant risks performed best in the development case-cohort. The men and women in the highest quintiles of the PRS had an approximately three-fold and two-fold higher risk of CRC, respectively, than those in the lowest in the evaluation case-cohort. Meanwhile, the association of lifestyle factors with CRC risk was observed only in men. Incorporating the PRS into a lifestyle model improved the C-index from 0.64 to 0.66 for men and from 0.61 to 0.63 for women. The IDI and NRI values supported this improvement. The 10-year absolute risk was 3.3 % and 1.6 % for high-risk men and women, respectively, and 0.5 % for both low-risk men and women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that the CRC risk prediction model utilizing genome-wide PRS for Asians is valuable; however, further improvement is needed before clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood and adolescents’ cancer survival: Progress made and priorities for improvement. An Italian population-based study","authors":"Camilla Calì ,&nbsp;Rosalba Amodio ,&nbsp;Sabrina Fabiano ,&nbsp;Gemma Gatta ,&nbsp;Milena Maria Maule ,&nbsp;Viviana Perotti ,&nbsp;Fabio Savoia ,&nbsp;Marcella Sessa ,&nbsp;Andrea Tittarelli ,&nbsp;Walter Mazzucco ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Stracci ,&nbsp;Rosalia Ragusa ,&nbsp;AIRTUM Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Population-based cancer registries are crucial to monitor health system performance, inform policy makers and allocate resources effectively. We updated Italian survival estimates for children and adolescents, analysing temporal and geographical differences to evaluate improvements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cases were from the Association of Italian Cancer Registries and codified according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition.</div><div>Thirty-one cancer registries provided 9142 incident cases (2013–2017) and 15 cancer registries contributed data for 12,447 incident cases (1998–2017) for trend analysis. We used the period approach to estimate survival in children (0–14 years) and adolescents (15–19 years) during the period 2013–2017. Survival was estimated by age, sex and geographical area of residence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Survival improved over time in both children and adolescents. Among children, significant progress was observed for acute myeloid leukaemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, ependymomas, Ewing sarcoma, and acute lymphoid leukaemia. For adolescents, notable improvements were found in non-Hodgkin lymphomas and skin melanomas. However, disparities emerged across Italy, with major differences observed for central nervous system neoplasms and osteosarcoma in children, as well as for acute lymphatic leukaemia and soft tissue sarcomas in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Increased survival was observed in many Italian children and adolescents with tumours and differences emerged across Italian regions. We will investigate the reasons for these discrepancies in collaboration with clinicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin gene polymorphisms (IL1B, IL6, IL10, IL16, IL28B) increase prostate cancer risk and associate with aggressive disease features in Iraqi men: A case-control study","authors":"Wisam Hindawi Hoidy ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hamza Al-Saadi ,&nbsp;Simon Clegg","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men globally. Chronic inflammation is a major contributor to the development of cancer, with interleukins as key players in regulating inflammatory pathways. This study aims to explore the association between IL1, IL6, IL10, IL16, and IL28 gene polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer in the Iraqi population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study included 290 histologically confirmed prostate cancer patients and 350 age-matched healthy controls recruited from Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital between February 2024 and December 2024. Genotyping for IL1B-511 C&gt;T (rs16944), IL6–174 G&gt;C (rs1800795), IL10–1082 A&gt;G (rs1800896), IL16–295 T &gt; C (rs4778889), and IL28B C&gt;T (rs12979860) polymorphisms was performed using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR). Statistical analyses included odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and haplotype analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant associations with prostate cancer risk were observed for the IL1B-511 TT genotype (OR=1.76, 95 % CI: 1.18–2.63, p = 0.006), IL6–174 GG genotype (OR=1.66, 95 % CI: 1.12–2.45, p = 0.011), IL10–1082 GG genotype (OR=1.82, 95 % CI: 1.20–2.76, p = 0.005), IL16–295 CC genotype (OR=1.88, 95 % CI: 1.27–2.79, p = 0.002), and IL28B TT genotype (OR=1.79, 95 % CI: 1.22–2.63, p = 0.003). Haplotype analysis revealed that the TGGCT haplotype was associated with a 2.35-fold increased risk of prostate cancer (OR=2.35, 95 % CI: 1.51–3.66, p &lt; 0.001). Stratified analyses demonstrated stronger associations between these polymorphisms and aggressive disease characteristics, including higher Gleason scores, advanced tumor stages, and elevated PSA levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this study, we identified proliferative inflammatory lesions of the prostate in Iraqi patients, suggesting that polymorphisms in the IL1B, IL6, IL10, IL16, and IL28B genes significantly increased prostate cancer risk and exacerbated aggressive disease features. These findings suggest the key role of these gene variants in modulating inflammatory and immune responses in the prostate carcinogenesis. Additional research is necessary to investigate these findings in other populations and examine the possibility of using them as risk assessment and personalized treatment biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to outdoor air pollution, wildfires, and cancer survival in the United States","authors":"Trang VoPham ,&nbsp;Tianjia Liu ,&nbsp;Malia Cortez ,&nbsp;Seigi Karasaki ,&nbsp;Nicholas F. Falkenberg ,&nbsp;Hiwot Y. Zewdie ,&nbsp;Jiayu Lin ,&nbsp;Caroline Nondin ,&nbsp;Sam L.S. Chao ,&nbsp;Tyler Knowlton ,&nbsp;Boris Quennehen ,&nbsp;Jason A. Mendoza ,&nbsp;George N. Ioannou ,&nbsp;Kristin Berry ,&nbsp;Gary Adamkiewicz ,&nbsp;Christopher I. Li ,&nbsp;Jaime E. Hart","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Climate change has led to an increase in wildfires, a major source of air pollution, which may be particularly harmful to individuals diagnosed with cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships of air pollution and wildfires with mortality risk among cancer survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registries provided information on 7,051,014 patients diagnosed with cancer from 2000 to 2021 in the United States. Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between exposures to particulate matter &lt; 2.5 µm (PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃), and wildfires (estimated using high-resolution geospatial datasets) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 3,452,593 deaths, including 2,369,364 from cancer, 525,409 from cardiopulmonary, and 557,820 from other causes. Among cancer survivors, higher exposure to PM_2.5 and wildfires (but not NO₂ or O₃) were associated with increased risk for all-cause, cancer, and other mortality. The association between PM_2.5 and cancer mortality was stronger in counties more heavily impacted by wildfires (HR per 10 μg/m³ in counties with ≥ median 0.39 wildfires per year: 1.17, 95 % CI 1.04–1.33) vs. no wildfires (HR 1.06, 95 % CI 0.97–1.15) (p interaction = 0.0064).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among patients diagnosed with cancer, PM_2.5 air pollution, particularly in areas heavily impacted by wildfires, is associated with increased risk for mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}