Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical trial participation for vulnerable cancer patients in Denmark and England","authors":"Lars Hernández Nielsen ,&nbsp;Jakob Bruhn Krøjgaard Skelmose ,&nbsp;Laurids Østergaard Poulsen ,&nbsp;Marianne Tang Severinsen ,&nbsp;Martin Bøgsted ,&nbsp;Rasmus Froberg Brøndum","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>New cancer therapies are introduced through clinical trials. However, eligibility criteria can pose a barrier to vulnerable patients, limiting access to potentially improved treatments and reducing generalizability of the results. The aim of this study was to investigate participation in clinical trials for vulnerable cancer patients in Denmark and compare results to England.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>We utilized population-based registries of systemic anti-cancer therapy from the North Denmark Region and England covering, respectively, 2008–2021 and 2016–2019. We included adult patients (≥18 years) who received SACT in relation to a solid cancer. Vulnerability was defined as the lowest quintile in relation to socioeconomic position. We estimated odds ratios (OR) for participation in a clinical trial.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 15,173 patients in the Danish cohort and 336,218 in the English. From these 1107 (7.3 %) and 12,502 (3.7 %) participated in a clinical trial, respectively. The adjusted OR for participating in a trial for vulnerable patients was 0.81 (95 % CI 0.68–0.96) in Denmark and 0.80 (95 % CI 0.76–0.84) in England. The strongest associations were found within gynaecological cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found associations of reduced trial participation for vulnerable individuals in both countries and consistent associations within gynaecological cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102793"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It is never too late to stop smoking. Applying working estimates of smoking cessation on five-year overall survival gains after a cancer diagnosis","authors":"Nouhad El-Haddad ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Geoff P. Delaney ,&nbsp;Heewon Kang ,&nbsp;Shalini Vinod ,&nbsp;Margo Barr ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tabuchi ,&nbsp;Michael Kidd ,&nbsp;Freddy Sitas","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Detailed data on five-year overall survival (5Y-OS) in relation to smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis are sparse. Implementation of smoking cessation in cancer treatment centres is also sub-optimal. The aim is to provide working, numeric estimates of 5Y-OS outcomes in relation to quitting smoking to help inform patients with cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>5Y-OS data and hazard ratios (HR) from a moderately sized cohort study from Japan were used to derive survival benefits on Australian cancer survival scenarios ranging from 10 % to 90 % 5Y survival, using standard epidemiological formulas comparing survival in those who recently quit around the time of their cancer diagnosis in comparison to those who continued to smoke.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a scenario of a cancer type with 90 % 5 y survival e.g. breast, prostate cancer, or melanoma, quitting smoking shows a gain in 5Y-OS of 10 %, and a gain in median survival of 2.1 years. In a scenario of 20 % 5 y survival (e.g. lung, liver, brain, or oesophageal cancer) recent quitting shows a 5Y-OS gain of 2 %, and a median survival gain of three months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The greater the survival at presentation, the greater the gain by quitting smoking. Future research should aim to produce estimates based on real-world data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eribulin efficacy in long responder patients with metastatic breast cancer: A multicentric observational study","authors":"J. Passildas ,&nbsp;MJ Paillard ,&nbsp;L. Uwer ,&nbsp;I. Molnar ,&nbsp;N. Dohollou ,&nbsp;T. Petit ,&nbsp;N. Hajjaji ,&nbsp;L. Boudin ,&nbsp;V. Lorgis ,&nbsp;JP Jacquin ,&nbsp;C. Abrial ,&nbsp;MA Mouret-Reynier","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Eribulin can represent a therapeutic alternative for patients with advanced breast cancer who have received at least one or two lines of anthracyclines-based chemotherapy and taxane therapy. In this observational study, we focused on long-responder patients, i.e. with an objective response or stability ≥ 6 months under eribulin to better characterize them.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients treated by eribulin in 2nd, 3rd or 4th line between September 2011 and June-2018 were included. The following parameters were assessed: primary tumor and metastasis characteristics, type of response and duration, disease progression, treatment received, toxicities, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors of OS and PFS. Special attention was paid to patients with hepatic disease (HD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 98 patients included, an analysis was conducted on 84 patients (median age 62). Median duration of response was 25.6 weeks (95 IC 22–27.7) with a median number of infusions of 6. Response was similar, irrespective of ERI line number. HD was observed in 70.2 % of patients. Median PFS was 9 months (95 %CI 8–10). Subgroup analysis showed similar PFS, irrespective of HD (p = 0.21) and treatment line (p = 0.46). Median OS was 24 months. (95 % IC 20–31). The main prognostic factors of OS were duration of response (p &lt; 0.001) and, progesterone receptor positiveness was associated to PFS (p = 0.006).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This multicentric, retrospective study highlights eribulin as a potential second-line therapy for MBC with a median response duration of 25 weeks after 6 infusions. The safety and efficacy profiles align with previous studies, supporting its role as a viable treatment option. Notably, the response and PFS were independent of hepatic metastasis, suggesting benefit across various MBC subtypes, including those with liver involvement. However, the retrospective design warrants cautious interpretation, and further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and optimize eribulin’s use, potentially through molecular profiling for personalized treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of different body weight classes and survival outcomes in patients with cervical cancer","authors":"Szu-Ying Tsai ,&nbsp;Ming-Chieh Tsai ,&nbsp;Min-Shu Hsu ,&nbsp;Li-Wei Tsai ,&nbsp;Heng-Cheng Hsu ,&nbsp;Jing-Rong Jhuang ,&nbsp;Chun-Ju Chiang ,&nbsp;Wen-Chung Lee ,&nbsp;Kuo-Liong Chien ,&nbsp;Hsin-Yin Hsu ,&nbsp;Tzu-Lin Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The relationship between different weight class and mortality risk remained uncertain in cervical cancer patients. Thus, we conducted the study to assess the association between different body weight classes and survival outcomes in patients with cervical cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective cohort study including 6908 cervical cancer patients from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database. A COX regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between different weight classes and time-to-event outcomes of overall survival and cancer-specific survival at three years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median follow-up time was 4.64 ± 2.55 years. Our study revealed that the underweight group had a significantly higher risk of overall death [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.65, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.37, 1.99] than the normal-weight group. Overweight patients had a significantly lower risk of overall death (HR = 0.81, 95 % CI = 0.71, 0.93), whereas the obesity group had an insignificant lower risk of overall death (HR = 0.92, 95 % CI = 0.75, 1.13) compared with the reference group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>After controlling for confounding factors, underweight patients with cervical cancer had a higher risk of overall death than normal-weight patients with cervical cancer. Our study indicates that underweight cervical cancer patients had a higher risk of overall death compared with normal-weight cervical cancer patients. Furthermore, the overweight patients had a significantly lower risk of overall death. More strategies are needed to be addressed especially in public health field regarding women’s weight class and cancer mortality issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of human papilloma virus infections with ocular surface squamous neoplasia","authors":"Leanne Hall ,&nbsp;Clare Heal","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incidence of Ocular Squamous Surface Neoplasia (OSSN) is increasing, particularly in populations with high HIV prevalence and higher solar irradiance. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is considered a precursor/co-factor to OSSN. We aimed to quantify the association between HPV and OSSN and analyse co-factors in this association, including geographical differences and pathology of the comparator group. We used the DerSimonian and Laird method to compute summary odds risk estimates in a random effects model. The <em>I</em>² statistic was used to quantify heterogenicity. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and meta-regression were used to explore sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-one studies were included. The odds of HPV was significantly higher in OSSN lesions than benign lesions. The pooled odds ratio was 9.2 (95 % CI: 5.0–16.9) ((<em>I</em>² = 56.1 % (95 % CI: 26 %-74 %)). In subgroup analysis, the odds ratio was lower in studies from African countries (with high HIV prevalences) and countries closer to the equator. The effect size was lower when ocular surface diseases such as pterygium were used as the comparator group rather than healthy tissues. We report a strong association between HPV and OSSN. The odds of HPV was 9.2 times higher in conjunctival cancers than benign tissues. This association was muted in African countries and countries closer to the equator, highlighting the role of UV radiation and HIV as co-factors in OSSN development. Muting of the association may also signal a role of pterygium as precursor lesions to OSSN, or that HPV may be involved in their development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy lifestyle and the risk of endometrial cancer","authors":"Eveline Coemans ,&nbsp;Piet A. van den Brandt ,&nbsp;Leo J. Schouten","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The incidence and mortality rate of endometrial cancer (EC) is increasing worldwide. Modifiable lifestyle factors associated with an increased or decreased risk of cancer typically cluster. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between a healthy lifestyle, measured with a Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI), based on diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and Body Mass Index (BMI), and the risk of EC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A case-cohort analysis was conducted using data from the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer (n = 62,573). At baseline in 1986, participants (aged 55–69) completed a questionnaire on potential cancer determinants. Data on aforementioned risk factors were used to calculate an HLI-score, ranging 0–20, with higher scores reflecting a healthier lifestyle. Cox regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR’s) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI’s) for the association between HLI-score and EC risk in 414 cases and 1593 subcohort women, after 20.3 years of follow-up. After stratification by smoking status, Cox regression was applied using an HLI-score without smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HR for the total HLI score was 0.86 (95 %CI 0.78–0.94) per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment. The HR for the HLI score without smoking component was 0.75 (95 %CI 0.67–0.83) for non-smokers (never smoked or former smoker &gt;10 years ago) and 0.85 (95 %CI 0.70–1.02) for recent smokers (current or former smoker &lt;10 years ago), all per 1 SD increment. Sensitivity analyses excluding each HLI component show that BMI and physical activity are the main drivers of the inverse association between HLI-score and EC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A healthier lifestyle, measured with an HLI based on diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI and smoking is associated with a reduced EC risk. The association is stronger for non-smokers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favorable trends in lung cancer incidence with unfavorable survival prognosis: A spatiotemporal analysis by histology in Córdoba, Argentina","authors":"Marcela Guadalupe Canale ,&nbsp;Fabian Leonardo Muñoz ,&nbsp;Sonia Edith Muñoz ,&nbsp;Maria del Pilar Diaz","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer (LC) represents the leading cause of cancer-related death and the third in incidence in Argentina. Survival rates are low. Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of LC incidence in Córdoba-Argentina (2004‐2014), explore trends in histological types, and estimate the probability of survival.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A longitudinal ecological study was conducted using data from the Provincial Cancer Registry. Age-specific and standardized incidence rates for LC (ICD-10: C33–34) were calculated, truncated (35–84 years), and stratified by sex, year (2004–2014), and histology (small cell carcinoma and non-small cell: adenocarcinoma, squamous cells, large cells, and other carcinomas). Temporal analysis employed Joinpoint regression models, estimating annual percentage changes (APC). Median times estimated survival curves and semiparametric Cox regression models were employed for survival. Statistical significance: log-rank tests and proportional hazards tests. Software: Joinpoint-Regression-Program and Stata17.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2004–2014, 8246 LC cases were diagnosed in individuals aged 35–84. The highest incidence occurred in males aged 75–79 and females aged 80–84. The Age-standardized incidence rates for males and females were 57.9 and 23.6 cases per 100,000 person-years, respectively. In both sexes, the temporal incidence trend was decreasing (APC −3.21 %; p = 0.001), more pronounced in males (APC −3.99 %, p = 0.011), with negative APCs in all histological subtypes. The probability of survival decreased to 32 % (95 %CI: 31 %-34 %) within just 12 months (38 % in females, 30 % in males). The risk of death increased proportionally with age (males HR: 1.007, (95 %CI: 1.004–1.01, p = 0.000); females HR: 1.005, (95 %CI: 1.00–1.01, p = 0.031)) and across all histological types, with lower proportional risks in females and disparities based on histology: in males, the highest risk was in large cells (p = 0.008) and SMCC, while in females, it was SCLC (p = 0.055).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite estimating a favorable trend in LC incidence since 2004, the survival prognosis remains unfavorable one-year post-diagnosis, dependent on sex, age, and histological type.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102796"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer characteristics in low- and middle-income countries: An umbrella review","authors":"Lisbeth Tolentino-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Mohamad Chkeir ,&nbsp;Vanina Pofagi ,&nbsp;Irénée Ahindu ,&nbsp;Jean Toniolo ,&nbsp;Andrea Erazo ,&nbsp;Pierre-Marie Preux ,&nbsp;Véronique Blanquet ,&nbsp;Marion Vergonjeanne ,&nbsp;Alexis Parenté","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer presents significant challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to disparities in healthcare access and outcomes. This umbrella review synthesizes data on breast cancer characteristics—age at diagnosis, staging, and molecular subtypes—to guide targeted healthcare strategies in LMICs. Our umbrella review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 and JBI guidelines. Systematic reviews from 2009 to 2024 were sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. Reviews were assessed with AMSTAR 2, and only those rated moderate or higher were included. Data synthesis and meta-analyses were performed using R. From 1165 records, 35 systematic reviews met initial criteria; nine were included in the final synthesis, representing 305 primary studies (195 relevant to LMICs). Of those, 50 % were hospital-based and 22 % population-based, limiting the generalizability of the data and the importance of promoting more population-based studies. The overall quality of systematic reviews was variable, with only a few meeting high standards. Geographic analysis revealed a significant underrepresentation of high-quality reviews in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Age at diagnosis varied: sub-Saharan Africa (45–52 years), Middle East (36–56 years), and Latin America (∼49–53 years). Advanced-stage diagnoses (stages III and IV) were common, worsening prognostic outcomes. Molecular subtype analysis indicated a predominance of luminal A but highlighted treatment challenges due to limited targeted therapy access. The results emphasize a pressing need to enhance the availability and quality of primary data, including both hospital-based and population-based studies, particularly in underrepresented regions like sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Addressing these gaps with rigorous, locally focused studies is essential for improving breast cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Enhancing methodological standards and expanding research in these areas will be crucial to bridging global breast cancer outcomes disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and an age-period-cohort analysis of testicular cancer incidence and mortality in China from 1990 to 2021","authors":"Lei Ren ,&nbsp;Jinping Xie ,&nbsp;Jiahao Wang ,&nbsp;Gaonie Chen ,&nbsp;Rong Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The testicular cancer incidence rate in China has been rising since 1990, which has brought a huge burden to China, but its influencing factors are still under discussion. This study aims to investigate the trends of testicular cancer incidence and mortality in China from 1990 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The trends were estimated by the Estimated Annual Percentage Change model and Joinpoint regression analysis model using the data from GBD 2021, and the influence of age, period, and birth cohort on testicular cancer within the analysis model of age-period-cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The age-standardized incidence rate (per 100,000) became 2.24 (95 % UI 2.16–2.35) in 2021 from 1.50(95 % UI 1.45–1.55) in 1990; the age-standardized mortality rate (per 100,000) became 0.29 (95 % UI 0.27–0.30) in 2021 from 0.33(95 % UI 0.32–0.35) in 1990. The incidence and mortality in different age groups were different under the influence of various periods. The risk of incidence and mortality of testicular cancer peaks for the first time in young adulthood (around age 30–34) and starts to increase again from the age of 55–59; the incidence risk has shown a continuous upward trend, while the mortality risk has exhibited a fluctuating downward trend in period effects; the mortality risk has shown a decreasing trend, but the incidence risk among recent birth cohorts has been increasing in birth cohort effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is crucial to focus on cancer screening for both adolescents and older adults for testicular cancer, and pay more appropriate interventions to individuals born in recent years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there inequalities in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment in England? A population-based study","authors":"Benjamin A. Pickwell-Smith ,&nbsp;Lewis W. Paton ,&nbsp;Ireneous Soyiri ,&nbsp;Michael Lind ,&nbsp;Una Macleod","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ovarian cancer ranks as the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women. Notably, there is a deprivation gradient in survival rates, with individuals from more affluent socioeconomic groups more likely to be alive at five years following diagnosis. This study examines disparities in treatment received and the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment across different socioeconomic groups in England, a country with universal healthcare.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Cancer Registry identified a retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer in England between 2016 and 2017. Registry data were linked to Hospital Episode Statistics, Cancer Pathway, Systematic Anti-Cancer Dataset, and Diagnostic Imaging Datasets. The odds of surgery and chemotherapy were evaluated using logistic regression. The secondary care diagnostic interval methodology was used to calculate the starting point for the measurement of time to diagnosis and treatment and was analysed using quantile regression. All analyses were conducted using Stata v17. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05185388).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 9572 patients were included in the analysis. Area deprivation was a significant predictor of receipt of surgery and chemotherapy. The odds of having surgery and chemotherapy were 0.68 (95 % CI 0.57–0.82) and 0.68 (95 % CI 0.56–0.81), respectively, for patients from the most deprived quintile, adjusting for other factors. The interval measured from the beginning of the diagnostic pathway to treatment was significantly longer for patients from the most, compared with the least deprived areas after adjusting for important factors (median difference 4.50 days [95 % CI 2.72–6.28]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this large cohort of patients with ovarian cancer in England, we demonstrated that patients from more deprived areas are less likely to receive surgery or chemotherapy and wait longer to commence treatment. Further research is needed to understand why and what evidence-based actions can reduce these inequalities in treatment and timeliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}