Cancer Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"\"High incidence of abnormal pap smears and low awareness of cervical cancer among women in Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India: Implications for screening and education\"","authors":"Amaresh Nigudgi ,&nbsp;Prakash Tiwari ,&nbsp;Himanshu Singh Chandel,&nbsp;Priyanka Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objectives of the study were to determine the incidence of abnormal Pap smears and assess the awareness of cervical cancer and its associated socio-demographic factors among women in Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study combined screening for cervical abnormalities using cytopathology archives from two government-aided tertiary care hospitals with a community-based survey. The survey included 666 women aged 21–75 years from rural and urban areas of Rewa, covering questions about socio-demographic factors, awareness of cervical cancer risk factors, symptoms, and screening tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cytological analysis revealed 207 abnormal Pap smears, translating to a high abnormality rate of 26.4 % ASC-US+ (207/785), including 2.5 % HSIL+ (20/785). Awareness of cervical cancer was notably low, with only 46.6 % of participants having heard of the disease. Moreover, recall awareness of key risk factors such as HPV infection, smoking, and weakened immune systems was exceptionally low, at 2.7 %, 2.4 %, and 2.0 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight a high rate of abnormal Pap smears and a critical lack of awareness about cervical cancer in Rewa. Given the low awareness levels and high rate of abnormal cytologies, particularly among older women, there is an urgent need for targeted screening and educational interventions. These efforts are essential, particularly for underprivileged women, to reduce both the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal dynamic of colorectal cancer mortality in Brazil: A nationwide population-based study of four decades (1980–2021)","authors":"Luís Ricardo Santos de Melo ,&nbsp;Júlio dos Santos Pereira ,&nbsp;Matheus Santos Melo ,&nbsp;Lucas Almeida Andrade ,&nbsp;Márcio Bezerra-Santos ,&nbsp;Carlos Anselmo Lima ,&nbsp;Allan Dantas dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Regardless of being preventable through screening strategies and prompt diagnosis, deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) still represent a serious public health concern in Brazil, with more than 20 thousand deaths annually. Herein, we aimed to assess the temporal trends and spatiotemporal patterns of CRC mortality in all Brazilian states.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An ecological study using temporal and spatial analysis techniques on deaths due to CRC as the underlying cause in Brazil from 1980 to 2021 was conducted. Death certificate and population data were provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 395,782 deaths from CRC were recorded in this period and most of them were in female (205,479; 51.92 %), ≥ 65 years old (233,059; 58.89 %), diagnosed with malignant neoplasm of the colon (212,277; 53.63 %), with 1–7 years of education (157.564; 39.81 %), married (192.276; 48.58 %), hospital as place of death (331.393; 83.73 %) and white (212.666; 65.07 %). Moreover, there was an increasing temporal trend in the Northeast region (APC: 2.6; p &lt; 0.05), men (APC: 1.5; p &lt; 0.05) and 45–64 years old (APC: 1.2; p &lt; 0.05). Also, the spatial analysis showed positive spatial autocorrelation in all periods, with the South and Southeast regions presenting the highest concentration of high-risk clusters CRC deaths. Nevertheless, high-risk clusters were also observed in capitals and municipalities in metropolitan regions in the Northeast region.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In general, a temporal and spatial expansion of CRC mortality has been observed in Brazil over the last few decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The incidence of venous thromboembolism by type of solid cancer worldwide: A systematic review","authors":"Jordan Harry ,&nbsp;Regan Bucciol ,&nbsp;Deirdre Finnigan ,&nbsp;Hussein Hashem ,&nbsp;Ahmad Araki ,&nbsp;Maha Othman","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a well-established relationship between cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thrombosis in cancer is of major concern as it is a leading cause of mortality, impairs quality of life, and can adversely impact treatment protocols. Despite the role of thrombosis in cancer, no singular source consolidates data on VTE incidence by cancer type worldwide. This systematic review aims to report the incidence of VTE by type of solid cancer worldwide. The current analysis used three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library) to identify relevant articles. All articles were written in English, assessed solid cancers in adults (≥18; males, females), and reported the incidence of VTE, or information that could be used to calculate incidence. After completing the search and removing duplicates, 3077 articles were assessed. All articles were screened by title and abstract, followed by a full-text review. A total of 124 articles were included in the final evaluation. The cumulative reported incidence of VTE across all types of solid cancer was 9.74 %. The highest reported incidence of VTE was in gastroesophageal cancer (15.43 %), whereas the lowest incidence was in prostate cancer (1.58 %). The two most reported cancers by country within our study cohort were colorectal (n = 23) and lung cancer (n = 23). The reported incidence of VTE in colorectal cancer was highest in Mexico (22.10 %), and lung cancer was highest in Canada (32.91 %). In conclusion, gathering data on global VTE rates in solid cancer identified high-risk cancers and highlighted under-investigated areas that require attention to reduce VTE occurrence in cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143277470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating factors affecting the effectiveness of Gardasil 4, Cervarix, and Gardasil 9 vaccines considering the WHO regions in females: A systematic review","authors":"Tahereh Zadeh Mehrizi ,&nbsp;Angila Ataei-Pirkooh ,&nbsp;Babak Eshrati ,&nbsp;Hasan Ebrahimi Shahmabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102759","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Currently, the best method for preventing Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is vaccination. The present systematic review aims to review the latest findings on the factors affecting the efficacy of Gardasil 4, Cervarix, and Gardasil-9 vaccines on reducing pregenital lesions and reducing high-risk genotypes of cervical cancer in females aged 9–45 years and to examine the distribution of studies conducted in this regard in regions. In this study only the names of the vaccines were used and the vaccines were examined only according to the name. The name of WHO is only used to imply the distribution and access to health services in the world and not in terms of the vaccine approval in different organizations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A search for each vaccine was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Five hundred and forty, 257, and 191 unique studies were obtained from the aforementioned databases for Gardasil 4, Cervarix, and Gardasil 9 vaccines, respectively. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies on Gardasil 4, seven studies on Cervarix, and two studies on Gardasil 9 were reviewed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study indicated that within various regions of the WHO, comprehensive effectiveness studies have not been conducted, and specifically within the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) and South-East Asia Region (SEAR), no effectiveness studies have been recorded. Consequently, these regions necessitate the execution of effectiveness studies. Therefore, it is advisable to undertake investigations regarding the effectiveness of papillomavirus vaccination in the EMR and SEAR regions as delineated by the WHO.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Moreover, it was demonstrated that in diverse nations, an array of factors such as age, gender, prevalent genotypes within the population, culture, the age at sexual activity initiation, the healthcare infrastructure, and timely screening can significantly impact the effectiveness of the vaccine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Furthermore, in nations with suboptimal vaccination coverage, a robust healthcare system coupled with the implementation of specialized testing and prompt follow-up can substantially aid in cancer prevention. The outcomes of this investigation confirm the administration of at least one dose of the vaccination. It reveals that in the absence of vaccination, a stringent healthcare system may contribute to the reduction of cervical cancer incidence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Additionally, in these nations, enhancements in healthcare systems, screening protocols, and public awareness play a crucial role in augmenting vaccination effectiveness. Collectively, a lower age at the time of vaccination (9–15 years), reduced sexual exposure prior to vaccination, vaccination prior to the onset of precancerous lesions, and adherence to the recommended vaccination schedule are associated with heightened vaccine effectiveness. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the vac","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in lung cancer death rates by rural vs. urban status in comparison to all-cancer death rates — United States, 1999–2020","authors":"Christine M. Kava ,&nbsp;David A. Siegel ,&nbsp;Susan A. Sabatino ,&nbsp;Jin Qin ,&nbsp;S. Jane Henley","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Differences in all-cancer mortality by rural vs. urban status exist; limited information exists regarding how lung cancer contributes to these differences. We describe the contribution of lung cancer to rural-urban differences in all-cancer death rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used National Vital Statistics System data to calculate age-adjusted lung cancer death rates by rural vs. urban status, overall and by multiple subgroups. We calculated the average annual percent change in cancer death rates by rural vs. urban status between 1999–2020, and percentage contribution of lung cancer to excess all-cancer mortality in rural counties in 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2020, lung cancer death rates were higher in rural counties among females (33.5 vs. 25.7) and males (49.0 vs. 35.9). Between 1999–2020, larger declines in lung cancer death rates were generally observed in urban counties. In 2020, lung cancer contributed 44.4 % to the excess all-cancer mortality in rural counties.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lung cancer death rates were generally higher in rural counties, and differences in death rates increased over time. In 2020, lung cancer contributed a large percentage to excess all-cancer mortality in rural counties. Implementation of interventions to improve lung cancer prevention, screening, and treatment might reduce rural-urban differences in cancer deaths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global epidemiological trends of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer in the elderly.","authors":"Jintu Chen, Caili Li, Yang Yu, Shanghai Liu, Qipeng Hu, Chengzhi Cai, Jieyan Luo, Yijun Wu, Zegui Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2025.102760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite most patients with trachea, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer being elderly, epidemiological data specific to this population remain scarce. This study aims to update and delineate the global epidemiological profile of TBL in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analysis was conducted on data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021 for individuals aged 60 and older. We evaluated the worldwide impact of TBL cancer by socio-demographic index (SDI), gender, and age across 204 countries and territories, including their spatial and temporal trends. The main outcomes comprised age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), mortality rates (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates (ASDR), and average annual percent change (AAPC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1992 to 2021, the estimated cases of TBL cancer, along with associated deaths and DALYs, increased among the elderly. The ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR all exhibited a declining trend. In 2021, East Asia faced a substantial TBL cancer burden, whereas Western Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited a notable increase over the last thirty years. In 2021, Monaco and Greenland recorded the highest ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR, while Egypt experienced the most significant rise in these rates from 1992 to 2021. The greatest affected age group was those aged 85-89. The TBL cancer burden followed distinct patterns by SDI and sex, with higher SDI regions and females facing a particularly notable increase in burden. From 1992 to 2021, smoking was the leading risk factor for TBL cancer-related deaths and DALYs in older adults, with particulate matter air pollution as a close second.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of TBL cancer varies widely across different regions and demographics. More attention should be paid to the elderly in higher SDI regions and females. Recognizing these trends is crucial for enhancing tertiary prevention strategies for TBL cancer and exploring innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"102760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Coquimbo, Chile","authors":"C. Farias ,&nbsp;MJ Peñaloza ,&nbsp;D. Acuña ,&nbsp;C. Flores ,&nbsp;G. Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main pathogen responsible of cervical cancer. The characterization of HPV genotypes in preneoplastic lesions and cervical cancer could establishes the effectiveness of the vaccination plan in the Chilean population. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HPV in women in the Coquimbo region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1235 cervical samples from women aged 20–64 years old who attended gynecological check-ups from April 2023 to July 2024 were analyzed to detect HPV genotypes using qPCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence rate of HPV infection was 26.56 %, while the prevalence of HR-HPV in age groups G1 (20–29 years) and G2 (30–64 years) was 47.69 % and 24.07 %, respectively. The most prevalent genotypes of HPV infection among our entire population were HPV16, HPV51 and HPV 31. Single infection (74.70 %) was the main pattern of HPV infection observed in the entire group, followed by double infection (16.46 %) and multiple infection (8.84 %), which was similar in Group 2, with percentiles of 76.07 %, 15.79 % and 7.14 %, respectively. However, in Group 1 a higher frequency of multiple HPV infections was observed, with 16.13 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This HPV prevalence infections among women in the Coquimbo region appears to be higher than the reported in Chile. In the rest of country, HPV prevalence is likely underestimated. Molecular detection of 14 HR-HPV genotypes is important because it will not only help women avoid cervical cancer but could also inform the introduction of new vaccines targeting a broader spectrum of HR-HPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of cervical cancer screening with cytology and human papillomavirus co-testing: A 12-year retrospective study in Oyama district, Japan","authors":"Hiroyuki Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Yuji Takei ,&nbsp;Yasushi Saga ,&nbsp;Seung Chik Jwa ,&nbsp;Akiyo Taneichi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Koyanagi ,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Takahashi ,&nbsp;Suzuyo Takahashi ,&nbsp;Kohei Tamura ,&nbsp;Miki Shinohara ,&nbsp;Mitsuaki Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical cancer screening with cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) co-testing in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was conducted in Oyama district, Japan, where cytology and HPV co-testing has been implemented since 2012. Data for 2012–2020 were retrospectively analyzed; results were compared with those of cytology-alone screening conducted from 2009 to 2011. Screening outcomes, including referral rate and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)2, CIN3/adenocarcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma detection rates, were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Co-testing and cytology-alone screening were performed in 62,155 and 34,040 individuals, respectively; the corresponding referral rates were 4.1 % and 1.9 %. Co-testing resulted in significantly higher referral rates but decreasing trends over time (4.6 %, 4.0 %, and 3.8 % in 2012–2014, 2015–2017, and 2018–2020, respectively). The CIN2 detection rate, which was 0.2 % during the era of cytology alone, significantly increased to 0.49 % during 2012–2014 after the introduction of co-testing and remained higher at 0.31 % during 2015–2017 and 0.37 % during 2018–2020. In contrast, the CIN3 + detection rate increased from 0.13 % during the era of cytology alone to 0.19 % during 2012–2014 but significantly decreased to 0.14 % and 0.06 % during 2015–2017 and 2018–2020, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our long-term data and comparison with historical controls indicate that co-testing resulted in a higher CIN2 detection rate, potentially reducing CIN3 + community incidence. Although referral rate initially increased with co-testing, a decreasing trend was noted over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in cancer mortality in the elderly and oldest old in South America.","authors":"Esther de Vries, Andres Gallego, Fabian Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2025.102761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about trends in cancer among the older segments of the population, even less for South America.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe time trends in mortality of the most frequent causes of cancer death among the population aged 70 and over.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the World Health Organization´s Cancer Mortality Database, we studied trends in mortality from lung, colorectal, stomach, liver, prostate, breast, and cervical cancer from 1985 onwards. Joinpoint analyses allow discerning changes in average annual percent change (i.e., slope AAPC) of these trends over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The region has a 2-3-fold variation in absolute age-specific cancer mortality rates, with the lowest rates in Argentina and Paraguay and the highest in Chile, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In most countries except for Brazil and Paraguay (both sexes), Peru (females and males 80 +), and Venezuela (males), overall cancer mortality rates were declining in the studied age range, with some fluctuations during the period. The most common causes by sex vary throughout the continent and by age group, but overall, increasing trends were observed for colorectal and breast cancer. In all countries, time trends show reductions in mortality from stomach cancer (AAPC up to -4.77 %) and in some countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador AAPC between -0.04 % and -4.37 %) for cervical cancer. In the other countries, cervical cancer mortality remained stable. Lung cancer declined in all countries in males (AAPC between -0.39 % and -2.24 %) except Brazil, Paraguay and the eldest males in Venezuela but among females, increases were observed in most countries (AAPC between +0.47 % and +4.05 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cancer-specific mortality rates vary considerably between countries in South America and the high cancer mortality rates in the oldest segments of the population. Effective primary prevention strategies, vaccination implementation, early detection, effective treatment programs, and better access to healthcare overall can positively impact the trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"102761"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nationwide Dietary Intake after Diagnosis and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes (PLCRC-PROTECT) cohort: Study design, clinical characteristics and baseline health behaviors","authors":"Jeroen W.G. Derksen ,&nbsp;Karel C. Smit ,&nbsp;Irene W.F. Hoeven ,&nbsp;Femke P.C. Sijtsma ,&nbsp;Miriam Koopman ,&nbsp;Anne M. May","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2024.102724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The nationwide Dietary Intake After Diagnosis and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes (PROTECT) study is a prospective cohort study investigating how lifestyle-related factors including dietary intake and physical activity are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), recurrence, and survival after a colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients participating in the Prospective Dutch Colorectal Cancer (PLCRC) cohort with newly diagnosed stage I to IV colorectal cancer were recruited for PROTECT shortly after diagnosis, between 2015 and 2022. While patient-reported quality of life, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, as well as body composition data are available from PLCRC, patient-reported measurements in PROTECT included anthropometrics, dietary intake, dietary supplement use, and taste and smell alterations. Clinical data was obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients returned baseline questionnaires after a median of 43 days (IQR: 28–59) after diagnosis. At diagnosis, the 974 participants’ median age was 65 years (IQR: 58, 72), 59 % were male, 59 % had overweight/obesity, and 28 % stage I, 25 % stage II, 40 % stage III, and 6 % stage IV disease. Dietary supplements more frequently used were multivitamins (35 %), vitamin D (30 %), vitamin C (15 %), and magnesium (14 %). Around diagnosis, changes in taste ability were reported by 6 % of patients, while 2 % experienced changes in smell, and 16 % reported experiencing a dry mouthfeel. In total, 24 % adhered to ESPEN dietary guideline of ≥ 25 kCal/kg/day plus ≥ 1 gram protein/kg/day, while 45 % adhered to international physical activity guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PROTECT is a unique nationwide cohort of CRC patients with a wealth of lifestyle-related data obtained through patient-reported measurements, of which baseline assessments were presented. PROTECT participants will be followed until deceased or lost to follow-up to collect all clinical outcome data. PROTECT will inform clinical and public health guidelines on physical activity and dietary patterns for improving CRC outcomes and survivorship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}