社会人口因素对乳腺癌筛查障碍的影响：一项横断面研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.canep.2025.102852

Alice Barros Câmara , Carolina Terra de Moraes Luizaga , Lise Cristina Pereira Baltar Cury , Carlos Alberto Huaira Contreras , Rossana Verónica Mendoza López , Luciane Simões Duarte , André Lopes Carvalho , Partha Basu , Victor Wünsch-Filho

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引用次数: 0

摘要

确定癌症筛查的障碍对于制定有效的策略以加强有组织的筛查项目至关重要。目前，有限的研究涉及巴西妇女对这些障碍的看法以及社会人口因素的影响。本研究旨在调查社会人口因素对圣保罗州乳腺癌筛查障碍的影响，圣保罗州是一个社会经济差异显著的地区。方法采用代表性样本进行横断面研究，选取居住在巴西圣保罗的50-69岁女性，这些女性都是巴西统一卫生系统（SUS）的用户。数据通过半结构化问卷收集，旨在评估社会人口因素和乳腺癌筛查的障碍。障碍分为两类：与妇女有关的障碍和与医疗保健系统有关的障碍。使用多项逻辑回归模型来检验社会人口因素与这些障碍之间的关系。结果乳房筛查的主要障碍是乳房x光检查时疼痛、等待时间长和安排困难。较低的教育水平和棕色或黑色皮肤与等待时间较长有关，而先前的健康状况与对诊断的恐惧有关。就业状况与健忘、日程安排困难和等待时间较长有关。此外，居住区域与尴尬、痛苦和日程安排困难的感觉有关。结论不同社会人口因素对乳腺癌筛查障碍的影响存在差异。棕色或黑色肤色、居住在圣保罗大都会区（MRSP）、就业状况和慢性疾病是女性相关障碍的预测因素。另一方面，棕色或黑色肤色、较低的教育水平、就业状况和生活在MRSP中是系统相关障碍的预测因子。这些发现为设计有针对性的策略以提高乳腺癌筛查覆盖率提供了有价值的见解。

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The influence of sociodemographic factors on barriers to breast cancer screening: A cross-sectional study

Background

Identifying barriers to cancer screening is essential for developing effective strategies to enhance organized screening programs. Currently, limited studies address Brazilian women’s perceptions of these barriers and the influence of sociodemographic factors. This study aims to investigate the impact of sociodemographic factors on barriers to breast cancer screening in the state of São Paulo, a region marked by significant socioeconomic disparities.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a representative sample of women aged 50–69 years residing in São Paulo, who were users of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Data were gathered through a semi-structured questionnaire designed to assess sociodemographic factors and barriers to breast cancer screening. Barriers were classified into two categories: those related to women and those associated with the healthcare system. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between the sociodemographic factors and these barriers.

Results

The main barriers to breast screening were pain experienced during mammography, long waiting times, and scheduling difficulties. Lower education levels and Brown or Black skin color were associated with perceptions of longer waiting times, while pre-existing health conditions were linked to fear of diagnosis. Employment status was associated with forgetfulness, scheduling challenges, and longer waiting times. Furthermore, residence area was associated with feelings of embarrassment, pain, and scheduling difficulties.

Conclusion

Barriers to breast cancer screening differ based on sociodemographic factors. Brown or Black skin color, residence in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP), employment status, and chronic diseases were predictors of women-related barriers. On the other hand, Brown or Black skin color, lower education levels, employment status, and living in the MRSP were predictors of system-related barriers. The findings offer valuable insights for designing targeted strategies to improve breast cancer screening coverage.

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来源期刊

Cancer Epidemiology 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

3.80%

发文量

200

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Cancer Epidemiology is dedicated to increasing understanding about cancer causes, prevention and control. The scope of the journal embraces all aspects of cancer epidemiology including: • Descriptive epidemiology • Studies of risk factors for disease initiation, development and prognosis • Screening and early detection • Prevention and control • Methodological issues The journal publishes original research articles (full length and short reports), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, editorials, commentaries and letters to the editor commenting on previously published research.