Quantifying the burden of cancer in Puerto Rico’s oldest residents

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1016/j.canep.2025.102838

Jason T. Semprini , Félix M. Pabón-Rodríguez , Eduardo J. Santiago-Rodríguez , Israel A. Almodóvar-Rivera

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Puerto Rico, a United States (U.S.) territory with 99 % of its inhabitants identifying as Hispanic/Latino, has one of the most rapid aging populations in the world. We quantified the incidence and mortality of cancer among 85 + year-old residents of Puerto Rico, and compared these rates with Hispanic/Latino populations in the U.S.

Methods

We accessed cancer incidence and mortality rates (2005–2021) from the United States Cancer Statistics and North American Association of Centralized Cancer Registries datafiles. Cancers were restricted to males and females of age 85 + . In addition to analyzing Puerto Rico data, we also analyzed incidence and mortality rates in nine U.S. states with large Hispanic/Latino populations. We calculated annual percentage changes (APCs), Mortality-Incidence Ratios (MIRs), and Standardized Incidence and Mortality Ratios (SIRs, SMRs) for all cancers and specific sites.

Results

In 2021, Puerto Rico’s population aged 85 + was 108,041. Since 2001, cancer incidence and mortality rates for both males and females aged 85 + in Puerto Rico declined. Puerto Rico’s decline in male cancer incidence (APC = −3.1 %) and mortality (APC = −3.3 %) exceeded the respective decline in incidence (APC = −0.08 %) and mortality (APC = −0.9 %) in Hispanic/Latino male populations in the U.S. However, in 2021, the MIR in 85 + females in Puerto Rico (0.73) and males (0.94) were higher than most comparable state MIRs. While stable in most other U.S. Hispanic/Latino populations, between 2005 and 2021 in Puerto Rico, the proportion of staged cancers diagnosed at advanced stages increased 12 %.

Conclusions

While significant progress has been made in reducing cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico’s oldest residents, challenges persist. Policies improving healthcare access could help reduce the burden of cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico’s aging population. Data revealing disaggregated ethnicity and nationality beyond Hispanic/Latino could further inform targeted efforts to advance cancer equity across the U.S.

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量化波多黎各最年长居民的癌症负担

波多黎各是美国的领土，99% %的居民是西班牙裔/拉丁裔，是世界上人口老龄化最快的国家之一。我们量化了波多黎各85名 + 岁居民的癌症发病率和死亡率，并将这些发病率与美国的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口进行了比较。方法我们从美国癌症统计和北美集中癌症登记协会的数据中获取了2005-2021年的癌症发病率和死亡率。癌症仅限于85岁的男性和女性 + 。除了分析波多黎各的数据外，我们还分析了美国九个西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口众多的州的发病率和死亡率。我们计算了所有癌症和特定部位的年百分比变化（APCs）、死亡率发病率（MIRs）和标准化发病率和死亡率（SIRs, SMRs）。结果2021年，波多黎各85岁人口 + 为108041人。自2001年以来，波多黎各85岁男性和女性的癌症发病率和死亡率 + 都有所下降。波多黎各男性癌症发病率（APC = - 3.1 %）和死亡率（APC = - 3.3 %）的下降超过了美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔男性人口发病率（APC = - 0.08 %）和死亡率（APC = - 0.9 %）的下降。然而，在2021年，波多黎各85名 + 女性（0.73）和男性（0.94）的MIR高于大多数可比较的州MIR。虽然在大多数其他美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中稳定，但在2005年至2021年期间，波多黎各晚期诊断的分期癌症比例增加了12% %。结论：虽然在减少波多黎各老年居民的癌症发病率和死亡率方面取得了重大进展，但挑战依然存在。改善获得医疗保健机会的政策可以帮助减轻波多黎各老龄化人口中癌症发病率和死亡率的负担。数据揭示了西班牙裔/拉丁裔以外的种族和国籍分类，可以进一步为促进美国癌症公平的有针对性的努力提供信息

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Epidemiology 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

3.80%

发文量

200

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Cancer Epidemiology is dedicated to increasing understanding about cancer causes, prevention and control. The scope of the journal embraces all aspects of cancer epidemiology including: • Descriptive epidemiology • Studies of risk factors for disease initiation, development and prognosis • Screening and early detection • Prevention and control • Methodological issues The journal publishes original research articles (full length and short reports), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, editorials, commentaries and letters to the editor commenting on previously published research.