Food and Environmental Virology最新文献

{"title":"Shrimp Aquaculture Under Viral Threats: Insights into Pathogens and Control Strategies.","authors":"Linh T T Le, Thuan Duc Lao, Phuong-Uyen Le, Hoang Anh Tran, Thuy Huyen Ai Le, Phuong Vy Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09707-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-026-09707-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viral diseases are among the most serious threats to shrimp aquaculture, causing large-scale mortality and production losses. This review summarizes current knowledge on the major viral diseases affecting cultured penaeid shrimp and freshwater prawns, with particular emphasis on white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), yellow head virus (YHV), Taura syndrome virus (TSV), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), and Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), the causative agent of white tail disease. We present a comparative overview of their genomic features, transmission routes, host range, and pathogenesis. Particular attention is given to the genome organization of WSSV and TSV, including variable regions and structural genes commonly used in molecular detection and strain differentiation. We also discuss mechanisms that may contribute to viral persistence in host populations, such as vertical transmission, chronic infections, and viral integration into host genomes. Finally, the review outlines current disease management strategies, including biosecurity measures, environmental control, and selective breeding. By compiling and contextualizing virological and epidemiological data, this review serves as a reference for disease surveillance and control in shrimp aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified Inhouse Nanoweb Membrane Enrichment Coupled Viral Whole Genome Shotgun Metagenomics Approach for Waste Water Surveillance","authors":"Shashi Sharma,&nbsp;Pushpendra Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Ekta Gupta,&nbsp;Paban Kumar Dash,&nbsp;Ambuj Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09706-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09706-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater/sewage represents a highly complex environmental matrix and harbors various viruses including viruses of epidemic and pandemic potential like Influenza A and, SARS-CoV-2. The limitations of available methods for sample concentration are cost, efficiency and time. NGS- metagenomics offer sample to virus genomic characterization for even non-cultivable viruses at highest resolution. In this study, we have collected samples from sewage treatment plants located in Gwalior region of Central India (December 2023 to March 2025). In this study a novel in house nanoweb membrane-based sample enrichment followed by magnetic bead based nucleic acid extraction was optimized in conjunction to shotgun whole genome metagenomics on Nanopore and ion torrent NGS. Both the methods were found comparable with commercially available methods by virus specific TaqMan qPCR. Both the methods were found successful in virus recovery at two log through 10²GC/50 ml feline calicivirus, Influenza A virus, Zika virus, SARS-CoV-2 spiked in sewage matrix alone or in mixture), suggesting the optimized protocol found working for virus characterization at strain level. Here, we have standardized a simple field amenable waste water sample enrichment followed by nucleic acid extraction protocol, that can easily be integrated with latest onsite downstream molecular diagnostic platforms. The developed method is very simple, cost effective and field deployable. This will help to develop a suitable strategic plan for sewage surveillance towards early warning/microbial forensics and future decisions for prevention and therapeutic interventions.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Detection of Human Norovirus GI, GII and Hepatitis A Virus Using CRISPR-Cas12a-Based RT-RPA and Lateral Flow Strip Method","authors":"Yihan Wang,&nbsp;Mengya Chen,&nbsp;Yongjie Wang,&nbsp;Yongxin Yu","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09705-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09705-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human norovirus (HuNoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are highly prevalent and contagious foodborne pathogens that pose a significant threat to global public health. Current molecular detection methods such as RT-qPCR and RT-ddPCR are highly sensitive and specific but time-consuming, require specialized equipment, and are unsuitable for on-site detection. We developed a multiplex reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a and lateral flow detection for rapid, simultaneous identification of HuNoV GI, GII, and HAV. Through rigorous in silico design and experimental validation, we optimized primer pools and crRNAs to ensure broad genotype coverage and high specificity. Using 2 µL of input per target per 50 µL reaction, the assay achieved limits of detection of 10¹ copies/µL (2 × 10¹ copies/reaction) for HAV, 10³ copies/µL (2 × 10³ copies/reaction) for GI HuNoV, and 10² copies/µL (2 × 10² copies/reaction) for GII HuNoV, with a total assay time of 50 min from purified RNA to final readout. No cross-reactivity occurred with other common foodborne viruses. Validation using total RNA extracted from shellfish digestive glands artificially spiked with RNA standards provided preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of the method under laboratory conditions. This portable system shows strong potential as a rapid multiplex molecular detection platform.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater-Based Epidemiology of Hepatitis A in Mexico: Temporal Association with Hospital Admissions and Clinical-Environmental Phylogenetic Relatedness","authors":"Mayra Colunga-Saucedo,&nbsp;César David Barcenas-Rivera,&nbsp;Pedro Gerardo Hernández-Sánchez,&nbsp;Martín Magaña-Aquino,&nbsp;María Susana Juárez-Tobías,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Muñoz-Escalante,&nbsp;Daniel E. Noyola,&nbsp;Pedro Torres-González","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09704-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09704-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatitis A (HepA) is a viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), and currently Mexico is considered to have an intermediate-HAV endemicity. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a tool for monitoring infectious diseases but has been poorly evaluated in intermediate-HAV-endemicity settings. From June 2024 to June 2025, 24-hour composite wastewater samples were collected twice a week from three wastewater treatment plants in the metropolitan area of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Wastewater samples were ultracentrifuged, RNA was extracted, and HAV and crAssphage (for normalization) were detected by qPCR and weighted by the wastewater treatment plant’s inflow. We compared these results with HepA hospital admissions from eight public hospitals in the city during the same period. We compared HAV genotype sequences obtained from wastewater and patients. We processed 244 wastewater samples over 46 weeks, of which 35.1% tested positive for HAV. Seventy-three HepA hospital admissions were reported during this period. The Spearman correlation between HAV viral load and hospital admissions, along with its displacement over 10 weeks, showed the strongest correlation between Lag 4 to Lag 6. We genotyped six HAV strains from wastewater samples and two from HepA patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the patient strains were distinct but identical or closely related to the circulating wastewater strains. In conclusion, WBE HAV surveillance may predict an increase in HepA admissions four to six weeks in advance. Diverse, but closely related HAV strains constantly circulate in intermediate HAV-endemicity settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Food Processing and Preservation on the Survivability of Group A Rotavirus (SA11) in Simulated and Real Food Models","authors":"Mahshid Heydari,&nbsp;Atefeh Kachooei,&nbsp;Reza Mohammadi,&nbsp;Omid Rostami,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Hosseini Tehrani,&nbsp;Milad Rouhi,&nbsp;Angila Ataei-Pirkooh","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09703-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09703-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rotavirus SA11 (RV SA11), a simian strain and member of group A, is widely used for RV research due to its attenuation and similarity to human strains. This study investigated the effects of food acidifying agents and common food processing and preservation conditions on the survivability of RV SA11. Acetic, citric, and lactic buffers (adjusted to pH 4.0) as simulated buffer systems and real food models, including traditional pickle, orange juice, and a fermented yogurt drink, were inoculated with RV SA11 at an initial titer of 7.22 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/ml. Viral titers were determined after exposing samples to refrigeration (4 °C for 2 and 4 days), room temperature (20 °C for 2 and 6 h), heating (90 °C for 10 and 30 min), and microwave treatment (0.5 and 2 min). At 4 °C, a 4.99 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/ml reduction was observed in the lactic acid system after 4 days, while complete inactivation occurred within 2 days in the citric and 4 days in the acetic systems. At 20 °C, viral titers decreased by 4.45, 3.99, and 3.06 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/ml in lactic, citric, and acetic systems, respectively. Heating at 90 °C completely inactivated the virus within 10 min in lactic and 30 min in acetic systems, while microwave exposure for 2 min eliminated infectivity in both acetic and citric buffers. Viral reductions in real foods after 6 h at 20 °C were lower than in simulated buffers (a range of 2.45 to 3.39 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/ml). Overall, these findings show that food composition and processing conditions significantly influence rotavirus persistence and inactivation in food matrices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148300353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) in Korea","authors":"Seoyeon Mo,&nbsp;Youngrae Jo,&nbsp;Ju Hee Kim,&nbsp;Do Gyun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09702-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09702-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring human fecal contamination in wastewater is crucial for public health and environmental safety. Traditional fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), such as <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Enterococci</i>, lack source specificity between human and non-human sources. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has emerged as a promising viral indicator, characterized by high environmental stability, specificity for human feces, and widespread occurrence in wastewater systems. This study evaluates ToBRFV as a novel RNA-based viral indicator for wastewater surveillance in Korea. Wastewater samples were collected from six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Incheon between July 2024 and April 2025. The results showed that ToBRFV was detected in all influent samples (240/240), with concentrations ranging from 7.42 to 9.91 log₁₀ gene copies/L and low coefficients of variation (3.36%-6.39%). The observed concentrations were significantly higher than those reported from other regions in previous studies, confirming high abundance and stable detection of ToBRFV. This study represents the first quantitative assessment of ToBRFV in Korean wastewater using digital PCR. These findings suggest that ToBRFV has potential as a reliable human fecal contamination indicator and normalization marker for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) applications in Korean wastewater systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Fit-for-Purpose, High Quality Proficiency Samples for Interlaboratory Evaluation of RT-PCR Detection of HPAI H5N1 in Milk","authors":"Emily L. Smith,&nbsp;Yuhan Jin,&nbsp;Megan R. Miller,&nbsp;Kirstin Frost,&nbsp;Jodie Ulaszek,&nbsp;Sarah M. Nemser,&nbsp;Laura B. Goodman,&nbsp;Steffen Uhlig,&nbsp;Anja Schlierf,&nbsp;Karina Hettwer,&nbsp;Matthew Kmet,&nbsp;Andriy Tkachenko,&nbsp;Olgica Ceric,&nbsp;Gregory H. Tyson,&nbsp;Ravinder Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09699-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09699-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increased demand for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) testing in milk highlights the critical need for well-characterized samples that enable meaningful evaluation of current detection methods. In this study, we focus on the development and rigorous characterization of artificially contaminated spiked milk samples, forming the foundation for reliable assessment of assay performance. By using reverse transcriptase digital PCR (RT-dPCR), we obtained precise genome copy (GC) measurements of our virus stock and of spiked samples, producing accurate quantification even at low viral loads. In parallel, the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Veterinary Services Laboratories’ (USDA-NVSL’s) influenza A matrix gene (IAV M) real-time reverse transcriptase (rRT-PCR) assay was employed as the main detection assay, serving as a tool to validate the sample preparation methodology. The goal of this work is to show that robust, reproducible, and analytically traceable samples can be generated to support HPAI method evaluation in proficiency exercises (PEs) distributed nationwide. Low between-sample standard deviations, ranging from 0 to 0.10 rRT-PCR Ct values for replicate samples, fall below the theoretical threshold indicative of heterogeneity, along with RT-dPCR determinations of sample GCs affirm the homogeneity of the developed samples. Parallel analysis of corresponding milk-based and phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-based samples showed no indication of a matrix effect. No significant shifts of Ct value or of measured GCs were observed over time, proving samples to be stable for at least 28 days when stored at -80 °C. The defined assay sensitivity, expressed as the level of detection 50% (LOD_50%), of the USDA-NVSL’s IAV M rRT-PCR assay was determined to be 3.2 GCs/rRT-PCR reaction for milk samples and 5.5 GCs/rRT-PCR reaction for PBS samples, but this difference is not significant. This work sets the basis for determining laboratory competency, providing confidence in HPAI testing results for ongoing and future surveillance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12560-026-09699-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Modelling of the Decay of Respiratory Syncytial Viruses (RSV) Facilitated a Robust Wastewater-Based Surveillance for RSV","authors":"Yuqing Long,&nbsp;Jiayi Liu,&nbsp;Xiuyuan Shi,&nbsp;Xueling Yang,&nbsp;Yongyan Long,&nbsp;Jinzhou Xiao,&nbsp;Xinxin Han,&nbsp;Songzhe Fu","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09701-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09701-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a promising tool for monitoring respiratory pathogens, yet the rapid in-sewer decay of viruses limits its application in low-incidence settings. This study investigates the decay rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in wastewater under various conditions to enhance the utility of WBE for forecasting RSV outbreaks. Laboratory-scale recirculating sewer systems were employed to simulate in-sewer decay of RSV at different temperatures, organic concentrations, and total suspended solids (TSS) levels. A first-order decay model revealed a significant temperature dependence, with the decay rate increasing approximately 30-fold from 4 to 35 °C. Conversely, higher TSS concentrations provided substantial protection to RSV particles, extending the T₉₀ by up to sevenfold, whereas SCOD exhibited minimal impact. Based on these findings, a multiple linear regression model was established to identify key predictors. This study underscores the importance of understanding RSV decay kinetics for accurate WBE and highlights the value of kinetic modelling in correcting in-sewer viral loss for optimized wastewater surveillance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Viruses of Public Health Importance in Wastewater Samples Using Conventional PCR Techniques and a Targeted Enrichment Whole Genome Sequencing Panel","authors":"Gonzalo M. Castro,&nbsp;Florencia Mallou,&nbsp;Gisella Masachessi,&nbsp;María C. Frutos,&nbsp;Verónica E. Prez,&nbsp;Tomás Poklepovich,&nbsp;Silvia V. Nates,&nbsp;María B. Pisano,&nbsp;Viviana E. Ré","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09700-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09700-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater-based epidemiology is an effective approach for monitoring viruses of public health relevance in the community. PCR/qPCR are widely used for targeted detection, while NGS with targeted enrichment panels has emerged as a complementary strategy for broader viral detection and genomic characterization. This study comparatively evaluated PCR/qPCR and a targeted enrichment whole-genome sequencing Viral Surveillance Panel (VSP, Illumina) for virus detection in wastewater. Fifty-two wastewater samples collected between 2017 and 2023 from a wastewater treatment plant in Córdoba, Argentina, were concentrated by PEG precipitation and pooled by season and year, reaching 14 pools. Each pool was analyzed in parallel by PCR/qPCR for eight human viruses of public health importance and by the VSP, targeting 66 viral species, sequenced on a NovaSeq 6000 platform, and analyzed with the DRAGEN pipeline. Detection frequencies for each virus using PCR/qPCR and VSP were Rotavirus A 100%/14.3%; Norovirus 100%/14.3%; Aichivirus 50%/42.9%; SARS-CoV-2 14.3%/0%; HAV 42.9%/0%; HEV 14.3%/0%; JCPyV 35.7%/85.7%; BKPyV 28.6%/71.4%, respectively. In addition, VSP detected the genomes of Astrovirus (71.4%), Salivirus (21.4%), Coxsackievirus A19 (14.3%), Rotavirus C (14.3%), and Merkel Cell virus (7.1%), and enable the recovery of 16 near complete genomes of Aichivirus, JCPyV, BKPyV, Salivirus and Astrovirus. PCR provided the sensitivity and speed necessary for viral screening of the main human pathogens of public health concern, while the VSP generated valuable genomic information on understudied viruses. According to these results, PCR/qPCR panels would represent a more practical, sensitive and cost-effective alternative for wastewater key public health viruses’ surveillance purposes in our region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Clinical and Environmental Surveillance Provides the First Evidence of Aichi Virus Circulation in Córdoba, Argentina","authors":"Ariana Mariela Cachi,&nbsp;María De Los Ángeles Marinzalda,&nbsp;Evangelina Peano,&nbsp;Gonzalo Manuel Castro,&nbsp;Paola Sicilia,&nbsp;María Beatriz Isa,&nbsp;Remigio Arteaga,&nbsp;Verónica Emilse Prez,&nbsp;Silvia Nates,&nbsp;Gisela Masachessi","doi":"10.1007/s12560-026-09698-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12560-026-09698-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human Aichi virus (AiV-A1), a member of the <i>Kobuvirus</i> genus associated with viral gastroenteritis, remains largely underdiagnosed in Latin America due to the absence of routine testing and limited epidemiological data. This study provides the first molecular evidence of AiV-A1 circulation in Argentina to date, based on the analysis of wastewater and pediatric stool samples collected in Córdoba between 2012 and 2019. A total of 93 untreated wastewater samples from the main wastewater treatment plant and 155 stool samples from children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) were screened using a validated nested RT-PCR targeting the 3CD region, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. AiV-A1 was detected in 58% of wastewater samples, demonstrating continuous, year-round circulation without a defined seasonal pattern. Among clinical AGE cases, AiV-A1 was identified in 21.5%, including 10.3% as monoinfections. Inclusion of AiV-A1 in the diagnostic panel within this study, increased the overall viral detection rate from 62% to 69%, suggesting that its incorporation into routine diagnostics could improve the detection of virologically confirmed diarrhea cases. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that all Argentine strains clustered within genotype B, forming two intragenotypic lineages and exhibiting high nucleotide identity (94.8%–99.6%) between environmental and clinical isolates. Together, these findings provide the first evidence of endemic AiV-A1 circulation in Argentina, highlight its potencial role in pediatric gastroenteritis, and establish a baseline for future regional epidemiological studies while offering relevant insight into the burden, transmission, and molecular epidemiology of AiV-A1 in the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":563,"journal":{"name":"Food and Environmental Virology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}