Finite Elements in Analysis and Design最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Two stabilized finite element methods based on local polynomial pressure projection for the steady-state Navier–Stokes–Darcy problem 求解稳态Navier-Stokes-Darcy问题的两种基于局部多项式压力投影的稳定有限元方法
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104420
Liyun Zuo , Guangzhi Du
{"title":"Two stabilized finite element methods based on local polynomial pressure projection for the steady-state Navier–Stokes–Darcy problem","authors":"Liyun Zuo ,&nbsp;Guangzhi Du","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents two stabilized finite element methods based on local polynomial pressure projections for the mixed steady-state Navier–Stokes–Darcy problem by utilizing the equal order finite element pairs, the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> element pairs, for approximating the fluid velocity, kinematic pressure and dynamic pressure, respectively. The presented stabilized methods possess many chief characteristics, for instance, parameter free, simple calculation, element level implementation. The optimal error estimates are established. Finally, some comprehensively numerical tests are reported to examine the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Green’s function driven mesh reduction technique for obtaining closed-form solutions of uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams on two-parameter elastic foundations 双参数弹性基础上均匀欧拉-伯努利梁闭型解的格林函数驱动网格化简方法
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104418
Juan Camilo Molina-Villegas, Julián Esteban Ossa Gómez
{"title":"A Green’s function driven mesh reduction technique for obtaining closed-form solutions of uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams on two-parameter elastic foundations","authors":"Juan Camilo Molina-Villegas,&nbsp;Julián Esteban Ossa Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the formulation of the Green’s Function Stiffness Method (GFSM) for the static analysis of linearly elastic uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams on two-parameter elastic foundations subjected to arbitrary external loads. The GFSM is a mesh-reduction method closely related to the Finite Element Method (FEM) family, offering a means to compute closed-form solutions for framed structures. It is based on a strong-form formulation and decomposes the element-level response into homogeneous and fixed (particular) components, the latter obtained analytically using Green’s functions of fixed-end elements. The method retains essential FEM features — including shape functions, stiffness matrices, and fixed-end force vectors — while extending the capabilities of the Transcendental Finite Element Method (TFEM), a FEM variant that employs exact shape functions. In this context, the GFSM serves as a post-processing enhancement that transforms the approximate TFEM solution into an exact closed-form. A defining characteristic of the GFSM is that its formulation relies solely on the solution of the homogeneous form of the governing differential equations — specifically, the shape functions and stiffness matrix coefficients that constitute the core of the TFEM. The effectiveness of the GFSM is demonstrated through two examples, where its results are compared against those obtained from TFEM with varying levels of mesh refinement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-resolution thermal simulation framework for extrusion-based additive manufacturing of complex geometries 复杂几何形状挤压增材制造的高分辨率热模拟框架
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104410
Dhruv Gamdha, Kumar Saurabh, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Adarsh Krishnamurthy
{"title":"High-resolution thermal simulation framework for extrusion-based additive manufacturing of complex geometries","authors":"Dhruv Gamdha,&nbsp;Kumar Saurabh,&nbsp;Baskar Ganapathysubramanian,&nbsp;Adarsh Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate simulation of the printing process is essential for improving print quality, reducing waste, and optimizing the printing parameters of extrusion-based additive manufacturing. Traditional additive manufacturing simulations are very compute-intensive and are not scalable to simulate even moderately sized geometries. In this paper, we propose a general framework for creating a digital twin of the dynamic printing process by performing physics simulations with the intermediate print geometries. Our framework takes a general extrusion-based additive manufacturing G-code, generates an analysis-suitable voxelized geometry representation from the print schedule, and performs physics-based (transient thermal) simulations of the printing process. Our approach leverages adaptive octree meshes for both geometry representation as well as for fast simulations to address real-time predictions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by simulating the printing of complex geometries at high voxel resolutions with both sparse and dense infills. Our results show that this approach scales to high voxel resolutions and can predict the transient heat distribution as the print progresses. Because the simulation runs faster than real print time, the same engine could, in principle, feed thermal predictions back to the machine controller (e.g., to adjust fan speed or extrusion rate). The present study establishes the computational foundations for a real-time <em>digital twin</em>, which can be used for closed control loop control in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A rotation-based geometrically nonlinear spectral Reissner–Mindlin shell element 基于旋转的几何非线性谱Reissner-Mindlin壳单元
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104416
Nima Azizi , Wolfgang Dornisch
{"title":"A rotation-based geometrically nonlinear spectral Reissner–Mindlin shell element","authors":"Nima Azizi ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Dornisch","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a geometrically nonlinear spectral shell element based on Reissner–Mindlin kinematics using a rotation-based formulation with additive update of the discrete nodal rotation vector. The formulation is provided in matrix notation in detail. Additionally, we highlight the advantages of the spectral element method (SEM) in combination with Gauss–Lobatto–Legendre quadrature regarding the computational costs to generate the element stiffness matrix. To assess the performance of the new formulation for large deformation analysis, we compare it to three other numerical methods. One of these methods is a non-isoparametric SEM shell using the geometry definition of isogeometric analysis (IGA), while the other two are IGA shell formulations which differ in the rotation interpolation. All formulations base on Rodrigues’ rotation tensor. Through the solution of various challenging numerical examples, it is demonstrated that although IGA benefits from an exact geometric representation, its influence on solution accuracy is less significant than that of shape function characteristics and rotational formulations. Furthermore, we show that the proposed SEM shell, despite its simpler rotational formulation, can produce results comparable to the most accurate and complex version of IGA. Finally, we discuss the optimal SEM strategy, emphasizing the effectiveness of employing coarser meshes with higher-order elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A novel quasi-smooth manifold element method for structural transient heat conduction analysis with radiation and nonlinear boundaries 一种新的具有辐射和非线性边界的结构瞬态热传导分析的准光滑流形元方法
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104428
Xin Ye , Shanzhi Liu , Weibin Wen , Pan Wang , Jun Liang
{"title":"A novel quasi-smooth manifold element method for structural transient heat conduction analysis with radiation and nonlinear boundaries","authors":"Xin Ye ,&nbsp;Shanzhi Liu ,&nbsp;Weibin Wen ,&nbsp;Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel quasi-smooth manifold element (QSME) method to solve structural heat conduction problem. Compared with the conventional finite element (FE) method, the main advantage of the QSME method is the use of high-order local approximation. This ensures the continuity of first-order derivatives at element nodes, enhancing computation accuracy. The results show that the QSME method has high computation accuracy and efficiency. It can effectively solve the nonlinear thermal radiation problem of complex geometries. Under the same degrees of freedom (DOFs), the QSME method achieves at least one-order magnitude higher accuracy than the conventional FE method. Moreover, compared with the FE method, it attains faster convergence rate and requires far less DOFs to achieve the roughly same solution accuracy. This method provides an efficient computational tool for heat conduction analysis and coupled multi-physics simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A computationally efficient hybrid technique for analyzing three-dimensional effects in contacts 一种计算效率高的分析接触面三维效应的混合技术
IF 3.1 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104417
P. Pradhan, H. Murthy
{"title":"A computationally efficient hybrid technique for analyzing three-dimensional effects in contacts","authors":"P. Pradhan, H. Murthy","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2025.104417","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of FE analysis depends on the element size and integration technique used and requires significant computational effort for 3D contact problems involving large stress gradients. Therefore, contacts with similar geometries in the third dimension are typically analyzed using 2D techniques. Analysis of such 2D contacts using infinite series to solve the governing singular integral equations requires much lesser computation effort than even 2D FE analysis. However, it neglects the effect of finite dimension in the third direction due to which the contact is not under plane conditions. To investigate the effect of finiteness of third dimension in a computationally efficient manner, a hybrid technique is developed for 3D contact analysis that inherits the versatility of FE analysis and the computational efficiency of the series solution. Its results are compared to those of a detailed 3D FE analysis with fine mesh and full integration to ascertain its efficacy. They match very well in most of the contact regions except for a small difference in peak pressure near the free edge of contact.","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficient finite element framework for static and buckling analysis of variable angle tow composite plates using thickness stretching kinematic model 基于厚度拉伸运动学模型的变角度牵引复合材料板静力和屈曲分析的高效有限元框架
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104415
Mohnish Kumar Sahu , Pokhraj Harshal , Prakash Chettri , Himanshu , Devesh Punera
{"title":"Efficient finite element framework for static and buckling analysis of variable angle tow composite plates using thickness stretching kinematic model","authors":"Mohnish Kumar Sahu ,&nbsp;Pokhraj Harshal ,&nbsp;Prakash Chettri ,&nbsp;Himanshu ,&nbsp;Devesh Punera","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variable Angle Tow (VAT) composites are advanced materials that enable spatial stiffness tailoring within the lamina through curvilinear fibre paths, in contrast to the conventional constant stiffness composites, which use straight fibre profiles. The analysis of such complex structures necessitates refined two-dimensional plate theories capable of accurately capturing their mechanical behaviour with optimal trade-off between accuracy and computational demand. This study presents static and buckling analysis of VAT composite plates using the Equivalent Single Layer (ESL)-based Higher Order Shear Deformation and Normal Theory (HOSNT12). The governing equations are solved using the finite element approach. A key novelty lies in the integration of HOSNT12 with the Gauss Point Change (GPC) strategy and its comparison with the Constant Stiffness Element (CSE) approach, including an investigation of varying Gauss point distributions. Unlike traditional ESL models, the proposed formulation captures thickness-stretching effects, making it well suited for moderately thick and thick composite plates. The study assesses the influence of fibre angle orientations on static and buckling behaviour in addition to the evaluation of the stress concentration around the central hole in VAT plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accelerated adaptive phase-field fracture model with an efficient sub-stepping scheme 基于高效分步方案的加速自适应相场断裂模型
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104414
Shashank Giri, Akhilesh Rao, Hirshikesh
{"title":"Accelerated adaptive phase-field fracture model with an efficient sub-stepping scheme","authors":"Shashank Giri,&nbsp;Akhilesh Rao,&nbsp;Hirshikesh","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase field model emerged as an elegant and powerful computational tool to study fracture behavior and its complex mechanisms in different materials. However, due to the requirement of a fine mesh in areas where fracture occurs, the conventional phase field often demands substantial computational capacity. To overcome this challenge, this work introduces an accelerated adaptive phase-field fracture model that enhances computational efficiency by integrating two key features: (a) adaptive mesh refinement and (b) auto-adaptive sub-stepping algorithms. The adaptive mesh refinement algorithm based on the error indicator derived from the phase-field variable automatically refines the domain where the cracks are likely to propagate. Simultaneously, the auto-sub stepping scheme dynamically adjusts the load increment size during the simulation, which reduces the computational costs while maintaining accuracy and stability. The proposed framework is implemented in FEniCS, an open-source finite element package. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed implementation are demonstrated through a series of two- and three-dimensional benchmark problems. The results are compared against the standard benchmark problem as well as conventional phase field models that rely on uniform discretization and manual time-step increments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Steady-state and transient thermal stress analysis using a polygonal finite element method 用多边形有限元法进行稳态和瞬态热应力分析
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104413
Yang Yang , Mingjiao Yan , Zongliang Zhang , Dengmiao Hao , Xuedong Chen , Weixiong Chen
{"title":"Steady-state and transient thermal stress analysis using a polygonal finite element method","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Mingjiao Yan ,&nbsp;Zongliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Dengmiao Hao ,&nbsp;Xuedong Chen ,&nbsp;Weixiong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a polygonal finite element method (PFEM) for the analysis of steady-state and transient thermal stresses in two-dimensional continua. The method employs Wachspress rational basis functions to construct conforming interpolations over arbitrary convex polygonal meshes, providing enhanced geometric flexibility and accuracy in capturing complex boundary conditions and heterogeneous material behavior. A quadtree-based acceleration strategy is introduced to significantly reduce computational cost through the reuse of precomputed stiffness and mass matrices. The PFEM is implemented in ABAQUS via a user-defined element (UEL) framework. Comprehensive benchmark problems, including multi-scale and non-matching mesh scenarios, are conducted to verify the accuracy, convergence properties, and computational efficiency of the method. Results indicate that the PFEM offers notable advantages over conventional FEM in terms of mesh adaptability, solution quality, and runtime performance. The method shows strong potential for large-scale simulations involving thermal–mechanical coupling, complex geometries, and multi-resolution modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An unsymmetric 4-node quadrilateral Reissner–Mindlin plate element using radial–polynomial interpolation for linear and nonlinear analyses 采用径向多项式插值法进行线性和非线性分析的非对称四节点四边形Reissner-Mindlin板单元
IF 3.5 3区 工程技术
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2025.104408
Yan-Liang Ju, Ying-Qing Huang, Hai-Bo Chen
{"title":"An unsymmetric 4-node quadrilateral Reissner–Mindlin plate element using radial–polynomial interpolation for linear and nonlinear analyses","authors":"Yan-Liang Ju,&nbsp;Ying-Qing Huang,&nbsp;Hai-Bo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Reissner–Mindlin plate elements often encounter considerable challenges, particularly their sensitivity to mesh distortion and limited accuracy in stress prediction. This study introduces a novel unsymmetric quadrilateral plate element formulation, extending its application to doubly-curved shells and geometrically nonlinear analysis. The formulation differentiates between test and trial functions to independently construct virtual and real displacement fields, respectively. The virtual displacement field is constructed using standard isoparametric interpolation combined with the mixed interpolation of tensorial components method, effectively suppressing shear locking whilst maintaining inter-element displacement continuity. This construction technique also retains the advantages of isoparametric elements in applying boundary conditions and calculating equivalent nodal external force. Meanwhile, the real displacement field is generated through a radial–polynomial interpolation strategy, using element supports to substantially improve inter-element stress continuity. Numerical examples confirm that the new element successfully eliminates shear locking, exhibits high resistance to mesh distortion, achieves high stress accuracy and ensures excellent inter-element stress continuity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信