Science Progress最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the effect of combination therapies in the treatment of large varicose ulcers: A real-world cohort study","authors":"Fangfang Wen, Hailiang Xie, Minggui Lai, Guofu Zheng, Yuancai Xie, Xiaochun Liu","doi":"10.1177/00368504241283352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241283352","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives:The primary treatment for varicose ulcers is to address the underlying cause of venous hypertension, additionally, split-thickness skin transplantation (ST) is an effective option for large ulcers. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of venous surgery with or without split-thickness ST in the management of varicose ulcers (diameter ≥6 cm).Methods:Patients with varicose ulcers between 2013 and 2023 were included in the real-world retrospective cohort study. The endovenous microwave ablation/endovenous laser ablation-high ligation-foam sclerotherapy-compression therapy + ST group (EMA/EVLA-CT-HL-FS + ST) consisted of 32 patients, while the EMA/EVLA-CT-HL-FS group consisted of 48 patients.Results:A difference in ulcer healing time was found between the two groups (the hazard ratio [HR] was 4.4, 95% CI [2.3–8.2], P < 0.0001). However, the healing rate did not differ between the two groups at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.Conclusion:ST has been shown to expedite ulcer healing and ameliorate the symptoms of VVs in the early stages of treatment, while its intermediate to long-term efficacy for ulcer healing and overall patient quality of life may be limited.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of research on tire burst and vehicle stability control","authors":"Dongsheng Yang, Jun Li, Chaosheng Huang, Kunheng Li, Guoxiang Lu, Kai Guo","doi":"10.1177/00368504241272478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241272478","url":null,"abstract":"Tire burst is an accidental occurrence that poses a serious threat to the driving stability and road safety of vehicles. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to investigate early warning systems for tire burst and develop stability and safety control measures after burst incidents. The development of an accurate model that can effectively represent the impact of tire burst on vehicle dynamics is crucial for the design of control systems and the development of stability control strategies. Most of the existing research on tire burst models is based on static tire tests, the effectiveness of these models still needs to be further verified. The main approach to studying the impact of burst tires on vehicle performance is to embed a burst tire model into a vehicle dynamics model. Understanding the impact of tire burst on vehicle performance is essential for identifying burst incidents and developing stability control strategies. The research on burst identification primarily focuses on early warning systems and estimating vehicle state parameters after burst incidents, while the current research on stability control strategies focuses on enabling vehicles to continue running safely after burst incidents through braking, active steering, and collaborative control. Currently, there is no comprehensive review of research on vehicle tire burst stability control. Therefore, this paper primarily reviews five aspects: (a) the causes and prevention of tire burst, (b) the impact of tire burst on vehicle performance, (c) burst identification, (d) stability control strategies for burst incidents, and (e) future prospects for tire burst research.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic loss experiment of straight-through Tesla valve in forward and reverse directions","authors":"Yan-Juan Zhao, Jiang-Bo Tong, Yu-Liang Zhang, Xiao-Wei Xu, Liang-Huai Tong","doi":"10.1177/00368504241269433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241269433","url":null,"abstract":"Tesla valves are widely used in the field of fluid control. To study the hydraulic performance of straight-through Tesla valves in forward and reverse flow, 16 straight-through Tesla valves with diverse blade parameters were designed in this paper, and hydraulic loss tests were carried out in forward and reverse flow under different working conditions. The results show that the hydraulic loss increases with the increasing working flow rate in forward and reverse flow; at the identical flow rate, the reverse loss is higher than the forward loss. Both the hydraulic loss through the valve and the unidirectional conductivity of the valve increase with increasing blade length, pitch, and number of blades, but too long of a length results in weakened unidirectional conductivity. The hydraulic loss increases with the increase of blade angle, and the unidirectional conductivity decreases with the increase of blade angle. When the blades are arranged in perfect symmetry, the hydraulic loss through the valve is maximum, and the valve has the best unidirectional conductivity.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of neonatal lupus syndrome","authors":"Adegbenga Bankole, Jane Nwaonu","doi":"10.1177/00368504241278476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241278476","url":null,"abstract":"This review article discusses neonatal lupus syndrome (NLS), an immune-mediated disease caused by maternal antibodies. Maternal antibodies in the fetal circulation are mostly but not always protective. NLS is a disease caused by pathogenic maternal autoantibodies in the fetal circulation. The passive immunization of the fetus by NLS-causing maternal antibodies may occur in the absence of a previously known maternal systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD). Screening for NLS-related antibodies in patients with related SARD or those in whom there is a risk of NLS including first-degree relatives should occur before pregnancy. This screening is best performed as part of a collaborative relationship between obstetrics and rheumatology. Pregnancy preparations in those with SARD include transitioning to pregnancy-safe medications. The symptoms of NLS range from minor skin rashes to fetal demise from heart block. Fetal screening allows for maternal therapeutic interventions that may be beneficial, as well as the use of fetal pacemakers in the more severe cases that include cardiac NLS.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital finance and sustainable development: Evidence from developing nations","authors":"Walid Bakry, Xuan-Hoa Nghiem, Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti, Somar Al-Mohamad, Lianbiao Cui","doi":"10.1177/00368504241278823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241278823","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesThis paper investigates the role of digital finance in promoting environmental sustainability within a group of 52 developing economies from 2010 to 2019. Specifically, it examines whether digital finance effectively contributes reducing CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions in these nations.MethodsThis paper is a quantitative study which employs the IV-GMM (instrumental variable generalized methods of moment) approach that tackles any potential endogeneity. Furthermore, to ensure robustness of results, this paper also utilizes different measures of financial development.ResultsEstimation results from this study reveal the presence of inverted U-shaped relationship between digital finance and CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions. This suggests that the beneficial effects of digital finance may take time to materialize. Additionally, this research also records the presence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve and a significant impact of renewable energy, trade openness, financial development, urbanization, and population on CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that it may take time for digital finance to become beneficial to the environment. Therefore, in addition to digital finance, countries should also adopt other measures simultaneously (use of renewable energy, combination between digital finance and financial development).","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early and late blight disease identification in tomato plants using a neural network-based model to augmenting agricultural productivity","authors":"Muzammil Khan, Fahmida Gulan, Muhammad Arshad, Abnash Zaman, Ammara Riaz","doi":"10.1177/00368504241275371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241275371","url":null,"abstract":"Computer-advanced technologies have a significant impact across various fields. It is widely recognized that diseases have a detrimental effect on crop productivity and can significantly impact the economy, particularly in agricultural countries. Tomatoes hold great economic importance among cash crops, second only to potatoes. Globally, tomato production reaches a staggering 160 million tons annually, making it even more crucial for agricultural development. Unfortunately, the tomato crop is susceptible to several diseases, with early blight and late blight as two prominent culprits responsible for a production decrease of around 79%. Traditional disease detection and identification methods are time-consuming, expensive, and destructive, often requiring pathologists’ expertise. Thus, the primary research objective is to enhance disease identification accuracy by leveraging deep learning techniques. A model based on the inception-V3 architecture has been devised to classify diseases affecting tomato plant leaves. The model was trained and tested using the PlantVillage dataset, which comprises 6000 sample images of tomato leaves. The training and testing process utilized an 80 : 20 ratio, resulting in an impressive classification accuracy of 97.44% for the proposed model. The proposed solution aims to enable the tomato industry to thrive in the global market by mitigating the impact of tomato leaf diseases. By reducing the prevalence of these diseases, the solution can increase demand and contribute to the industry’s growth.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"33 1 1","pages":"368504241275371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of battery charging and discharging strategies in substation DC systems using the dual self-attention network-N-BEATS model","authors":"Yuehai Tu, Feng Tu, Yun Yang, Jiaqi Qian, Xi Wu, Sian Yang","doi":"10.1177/00368504241274999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241274999","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid pace of urbanization and industrialization, the demand for electricity has surged, placing immense pressure on power management systems. Substation DC systems play a crucial role in managing these fluctuations to ensure a stable and reliable power supply. However, existing battery charging and discharging strategies often suffer from inefficiencies, which can negatively impact overall system performance and sustainability. In this study, we introduce a novel approach that leverages artificial intelligence and time series predictive analytics through the dual self-attention network-neural basis expansion analysis for time series (DSAN-N-BEATS) model. This model integrates the self-attention network with the neural basis expansion analysis for time series (N-BEATS) model to accurately capture time-series data and optimize battery management. Our experimental results demonstrate that the DSAN-N-BEATS model significantly enhances battery state prediction accuracy, achieving a 95.84% accuracy rate, and improves charging and discharging efficiency by 20% compared to traditional methods. These improvements contribute to the overall reliability and sustainability of power systems. This research provides innovative methods for optimizing battery strategies, supporting sustainable development in the power industry, and enhancing system stability and reliability.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"2 1","pages":"368504241274999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an intuitionistic fuzzy rough new correlation coefficient approach for enhancing robotic vacuum cleaner","authors":"Shaik Noorjahan, Shaik Sharief Basha","doi":"10.1177/00368504241275417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241275417","url":null,"abstract":"An intuitionistic fuzzy rough model is a powerful tool for dealing with complex uncertainty and imprecision in graph-based models, combining the strengths of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and rough sets. In this research, a correlation coefficient is an established tool for finding the strength of the relationship between two intuitionistic fuzzy rough graphs since correlation coefficients are very capable of processing and interpreting data. Furthermore, an intuitionistic fuzzy rough environment is integrated with attribute decision-making based on correlation coefficients. In order to measure the correlation between two intuitionistic fuzzy rough graphs, this suggests utilising the correlation coefficient concept and weighted correlation coefficient. In order to identify decision-making issues that are supported by intuitionistic fuzzy rough preference relations, the Laplacian energy and new correlation coefficient of intuitionistic fuzzy rough graphs are calculated in this study. We propose a new approach to computing the relative position loads of establishments by adjusting the correlation coefficient between one personality's intuitionistic fuzzy rough preference relation and the other items, as well as the undecided corroboration of the intuitionistic fuzzy rough preference relation. This paper determines the ranking order of all alternatives and the best one by using the correlation coefficient between each option and the ideal choice. In the meantime, the appropriate example improves decision-making for robotic vacuum cleaners by effectively handling uncertain and imprecise data, thereby optimising cleaning performance.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TVGCN: Time-varying graph convolutional networks for multivariate and multifeature spatiotemporal series prediction","authors":"Feiyan Sun, Wenning Hao, Ao Zou, Kai Cheng","doi":"10.1177/00368504241283315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241283315","url":null,"abstract":"Spatiotemporal (ST) graph modeling has garnered increasing attention recently. Most existing methods rely on a predefined graph structure or construct a single learnable graph throughout training. However, it is challenging to use a predefined graph structure to capture dynamic ST changes effectively due to evolving node relationships over time. Furthermore, these methods typically utilize only the original data, neglecting external temporal factors. Therefore, we put forward a novel time-varying graph convolutional network model that integrates external factors for multifeature ST series prediction. Firstly, we construct a time-varying adjacency matrix using attention to capture dynamic spatial relationships among nodes. The graph structure adapts over time during training, validation, and testing phases. Then, we model temporal dependence by dilated causal convolution, leveraging gated activation unit and residual connection. Notably, the prediction accuracy is enhanced through the incorporation of embedding absolute time and the fusion of multifeature. This model has been applied to three real-world multifeature datasets, achieving state-of-the-art performance in all cases. Experiments show that the method has high accuracy and robustness when applied to multifeature and multivariate ST series problems.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the Cochlear™ Osia® 2 System on patients with mixed or conductive hearing loss: A comparison with Cochlear™ Baha® Attract System outcomes","authors":"Kyeong-Suk Park, Hong-Chan Kim, Sungsu Lee, Hyong-Ho Cho","doi":"10.1177/00368504241280252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241280252","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis prospective study assessed the efficacy of the Cochlear™ Osia<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 2 System compared to the previous Baha<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> Attract System in patients with mixed or conductive hearing loss (MHL/CHL).MethodsIn this prospective case-control study, 10 patients (2 men and 8 women) with MHL/CHL were implanted with the Osia<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> 2 System. Their audiological outcomes were compared with 13 patients (2 men and 11 women) who had previously been implanted with the transcutaneous Baha<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> Attract system. We compared the complications and compliance of the two groups. Also, in the Osia 2 System group, subjective satisfaction was assessed using the Korean version of the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (K-IOI-HA) questionnaire and the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) questionnaire.ResultsComplications such as poor magnetization, pain &amp; infection, and abnormal noise were more common in the Baha Attract group, although not statistically significant. Also, the Osia 2 group exhibited better compliance. Subjective satisfaction was assessed using the K-IOI-HA and APHAB questionnaires with the Osia 2 group, revealing significantly improved scores in ease of communication, reverberation, background noise, and higher K-IOI-HA scores post-implantation. Postoperative-aided thresholds with both systems were significantly lower than preoperative-unaided thresholds, with the Osia 2 System demonstrating notably high satisfaction levels. Although both systems showed similar preoperative and postoperative word-recognition scores, the Osia 2 System provided greater audiological gain, especially at 2 kHz and 4 kHz frequencies. Additionally, the functional gain of both systems was comparable across all frequencies.ConclusionsThe Osia 2 System demonstrated high subjective satisfaction and improved audiological outcomes compared to the Baha Attract system in patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss. Its superior audiological gain, particularly at critical frequencies, along with better compliance, suggests it as a favorable option for this patient population.","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"27 1","pages":"368504241280252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}