Science Progress最新文献

{"title":"Semantic abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A natural language processing approach.","authors":"Young Tak Jo, Yeon Ho Joo","doi":"10.1177/00368504241308309","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241308309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The diagnostic boundaries between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are controversial due to the ambiguity of psychiatric nosology. From this perspective, it is noteworthy that formal thought disorder has historically been considered pathognomonic of schizophrenia. Given that human thought is partially based on language, we can hypothesize that alterations in language may help differentiate between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this exploratory study, we employed natural language processing techniques to identify differences in language abnormalities between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The KoBERT and KoGPT language models were used to determine sentence acceptability, assessing how natural and therefore acceptable a given sentence is to the general population. In addition, semantic word networks were constructed for each group, and network measures were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder used less acceptable sentences than controls. <i>Post hoc</i> analysis revealed that the schizophrenia group used less acceptable sentences than the bipolar disorder group. Furthermore, the semantic word networks of the three groups were significantly different in the three network measures. <i>Post hoc</i> analysis revealed a significant difference between the schizophrenia and bipolar disorder networks. The bipolar disorder network generally fell between the schizophrenia and control networks, except in terms of the average clustering coefficient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder showed significant differences in sentence acceptability as calculated by the language model, as well as in the network metrics estimated by semantic network analysis. Thus, language abnormalities may represent surrogate markers of thought disorders and help differentiate between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241308309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of dielectric properties of ferroelectric materials based on deep neural networks.","authors":"Jiachen Wang, Ziyu Cui, Xin Zhang, Jikai Zhao, Fan Li, Zhongbin Zhou, Nathan Saye Teah, Yunfei Gao, Gaochao Zhao, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1177/00368504251320846","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251320846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroelectric materials have emerged as significant research hotspots within the field of materials science and engineering, primarily due to their unique electrical properties. However, the electrical characteristics of these materials are influenced by various factors, including material composition, microstructure, and preparation processes, which introduce considerable randomness and uncertainty. Traditional experimental and simulation methods are often insufficient for capturing these complex interactions, thereby hindering the prediction and optimization of material performance. This paper presents a novel approach for predicting the electrical properties of ferroelectric materials by utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs). The DNNs are trained using experimental data and serve as a proxy model to predict critical electrical properties, such as the dielectric constant and dielectric peak. The (1-<i>x</i>)Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃-<i>x</i>SrZrO₃ ceramics were synthesized via the solid-state reaction method, and both the phase structure and electrical properties of NBT-<i>x</i>SZ were measured. The experimental results indicate that the DNN model effectively captures the intricate influences of factors such as material composition, preparation processes, and microstructure on electrical properties. The discrepancy between predicted values and experimental results remains within an acceptable range. By comparing the absolute error (<5) between measured and predicted data, alongside evaluation metrics such as MAPE, SMAPE, and <i>R</i>², the practicality and reliability of the DNN model are substantiated. The strong performance of this model not only accelerates the development of new materials but also enhances the optimization of the performance of existing materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251320846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-field simulation of thermal cracking with length-scale insensitive degradation functions.","authors":"Lusheng Yang, Gengyin Yang, Yujing Ma, Hongyu Li, Zhuxuan Meng, Xuan Peng, Zhenghe Liu","doi":"10.1177/00368504251325746","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251325746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present paper applies a length-scale insensitive degradation function to accelerate the simulation of thermal cracking problems. The solid deformation, damage evolution, and heat conduction process are coupled. The solid is treated as a linear elasticity, whose strain is composed of the mechanical strain and the thermal strain induced by thermal expansion. The cracks in solids are represented by the diffusive phase-field variables. The length-scale insensitive degradation function has been employed to decouple the length scale of the phase-field length scale and that of the physical process area, which alleviates the meshing burden of the phase field. The numerical results of our ceramic examples of interest are in good agreement with the experimental results, and this work may have important implications for predicting thermal cracking problems on large scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251325746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary artery sarcoma masquerading as refractory pulmonary embolism: A case report.","authors":"Xinyue Yang, Jianfang Luo, Jiaohua Chen","doi":"10.1177/00368504251330987","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251330987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare but aggressive malignancy often misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism (PE) due to similar clinical presentations. This case report presents an early 40s female with progressive dyspnea, hemoptysis, high pulmonary arterial pressures (112 mmHg), and right heart strain unresponsive to anticoagulation therapy. Imaging findings, including cardiac magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography-computed tomography, ultimately revealed PAS. This case highlights the importance of considering rare etiologies, such as PAS, in patients with PE-like symptoms refractory to standard treatment. Early detection using advanced imaging techniques can improve diagnostic accuracy and outcomes in this rare malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251330987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advance in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion induced by platelet-activating factor.","authors":"Wei Liu, Lin Shi, Ya Feng","doi":"10.1177/00368504241265171","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241265171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A non-suppurative inflammatory disease of the middle ear with middle ear effusion and conductive hearing loss is called otitis media with effusion. Poor eustachian tube function, immunological factors, viral factors, and other factors are primarily involved in its pathophysiology, which has not yet been completely understood. Several researcher scholars have recently studied platelet-activating factor and they found that platelet-activating factor is closely associated to the occurrence, development, and outcome of otitis media with effusion. Platelet-activating factor is a significant element contributing to the extension of otitis media with effusion. In order to give a reference for further investigation into the mechanism and clinical management of this illness, the research status of platelet-activating factor and otitis media with effusion during the past two decades is reviewed in this study, along with the mechanisms of otitis media with effusion leading to otitis media with effusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241265171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue outbreak 2023 in Bangladesh: From a local concern to a global public health issue.","authors":"Sumaiya Binte Reza, Md Masuk-Ur-Rahman Shoukhin, Sakif Ahamed Khan, Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan","doi":"10.1177/00368504241289462","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241289462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue, a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, has become a substantial public health issue in Bangladesh. The high population density and subtropical-tropical climate of the nation create conducive environments for the transmission of the virus. The recent increase in dengue cases in Bangladesh prompts an inquiry into the potential for the virus to progress into an epidemic manifestation. Bangladesh is prone to dengue outbreaks due to a multitude of contributing factors. To commence, the virus is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions, and climate change is contributing to the expansion of its range. Additionally, the high population density in Bangladesh amplifies the vulnerability to dengue transmission. Intimate human proximity elevates the probability of contracting mosquito stings and transmitting viruses. The escalating incidence of dengue in Bangladesh is substantiated by the growing count of documented cases. The emergence of severe dengue is a contributing aspect that raises concerns about the potential worldwide consequences of the disease. It could potentially head from Bangladesh to neighboring nations via an infected individual. There exist apprehensions due to the substantial employment of Bangladeshi laborers overseas, compounded by the presence of foreign laborers within Bangladesh. The endeavor to control dengue in Bangladesh continues to face ongoing challenges. This review addresses the complexities of dengue transmission, assesses Bangladesh's readiness for managing epidemics, analyzes risk factors associated with dengue, and suggests preventive measures to mitigate the possibility of worldwide consequences of dengue originating within the nation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241289462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital economy and green transformation of regional industries: New insights from sustainability.","authors":"Xiaoxing Wang, Jiqiang Huang, Kengcheng Zheng, Baoliu Liu","doi":"10.1177/00368504241291351","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241291351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions in the distribution industry is of great significance for realizing sustainable development goals and coping with climate change. This study finds that increasing the level of digital economy development can reduce the carbon emission intensity of the circulation industry through fixed-effects modeling. Moreover, the effect is different in different geographic regions, and the improvement of the digital economy development level in the east and central regions can significantly reduce the carbon emission intensity of the distribution industry. The digital economy can simultaneously reduce the carbon emission intensity of the circulation industry by reducing the degree of labor factor mismatch in the circulation industry and improving the regional green innovation capacity. Therefore, in order to promote the green development of the distribution industry, it is also necessary to make efforts to improve the construction of network infrastructure, accelerate the process of research and development and cultivation of green technology, and break down the barriers of cross-regional mobility of talents.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241291351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of three evolutionary algorithms for group scheduling in theme parks with multitype facilities.","authors":"Yi-Chih Hsieh, Peng-Sheng You","doi":"10.1177/00368504241278424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241278424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the peak tourist season, large theme parks often experience a simultaneous influx of visitors, resulting in prolonged waiting times for popular attractions. This extended waiting significantly reduces tourists' satisfaction and may negatively impact their willingness to revisit the theme park. In Taiwan, schools at all levels often plan graduation trips to theme parks for their students. Students are divided into groups and must enter and exit the theme park at the same time. This article presents a new theme park problem with multitype facilities (TPP-MTF) for student groups. Based on the group's preference for theme park facilities, multitype reserved tickets with popular facilities are designed for groups, so groups do not need to wait for the reserved facilities. Since the waiting time for groups can be reduced, the theme park can also obtain ticket fees in advance and estimate the number of visitors to the theme park, so the theme park and the group can achieve a win-win situation. This article proposes a new decoding approach for a random permutation of integer sequence and embeds it into an immune-based algorithm, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the TPP-MTF problem. A theme park in Taiwan was taken as an example and numerical results of the three algorithms were analyzed and compared to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241278424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How green governance empowers high-quality development: An EKC framework-based analysis of ESG and green total factor productivity.","authors":"Zhe You, Dandan Chen, Chuandi Fang, Mengjie Gao, Jinhua Cheng","doi":"10.1177/00368504241288782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241288782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-quality development represents a fundamental shift in China's economy from scale and speed to quality and efficiency. In this transition, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices are not only closely integrated with China's development strategy but have also become a core standard for measuring development quality. Nevertheless, research on how ESG practices specifically promote high-quality development in Chinese enterprises remains limited. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory framework, this study uses data from the Huazheng ESG Index from 2009 to 2022 and employs fixed effect models, mediation effect models, and heterogeneity analysis to examine the specific impact of China's ESG practices on corporate high-quality development from multiple dimensions. The results show that there is a \"U-shaped\" relationship between the ESG practices of Chinese listed companies and green total factor productivity (GTFP). Initially, improving ESG practices may temporarily suppress GTFP, but as ESG levels further improve, they exhibit a significant positive impact on GTFP. Corporations significantly boost productivity by alleviating financing constraints and promoting green technological innovation, although the direct impact on technological advancement remains relatively limited. In China's western regions and industries such as manufacturing, electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply, wholesale and retail, and information transmission, software, and information technology services, the positive effects of ESG on GTFP are particularly evident. Based on these findings, it is recommended that governments and financial institutions collaborate to promote green credit policies and increase support for the research and development of green technologies. Additionally, environmental education and resource use optimization should be strengthened, especially in industries such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries, and the exchange of ESG technologies and experiences between industries should be encouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241288782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Text-image multimodal fusion model for enhanced fake news detection.","authors":"Szu-Yin Lin, Yen-Chiu Chen, Yu-Han Chang, Shih-Hsin Lo, Kuo-Ming Chao","doi":"10.1177/00368504241292685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241292685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the era of rapid internet expansion and technological progress, discerning real from fake news poses a growing challenge, exposing users to potential misinformation. The existing literature primarily focuses on analyzing individual features in fake news, overlooking multimodal feature fusion recognition. Compared to single-modal approaches, multimodal fusion allows for a more comprehensive and enriched capture of information from different data modalities (such as text and images), thereby improving the performance and effectiveness of the model. This study proposes a model using multimodal fusion to identify fake news, aiming to curb misinformation. The framework integrates textual and visual information, using early fusion, joint fusion and late fusion strategies to combine them. The proposed framework processes textual and visual information through data cleaning and feature extraction before classification. Fake news classification is accomplished through a model, achieving accuracy of 85% and 90% in the Gossipcop and Fakeddit datasets, with F1-scores of 90% and 88%, showcasing its performance. The study presents outcomes across different training periods, demonstrating the effectiveness of multimodal fusion in combining text and image recognition for combating fake news. This research contributes significantly to addressing the critical issue of misinformation, emphasizing a comprehensive approach for detection accuracy enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"107 4","pages":"368504241292685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}