Science Progress最新文献

{"title":"Emergence of <i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} in a single and dual-carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates of <i>Escherichia coli</i> from the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Farah Al-Marzooq, Subha Chandran, Akela Ghazawi, Mushal Allam, Timothy Collyns","doi":"10.1177/00368504261493836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261493836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesCarbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> have emerged as a major global health concern owing to their rapid dissemination and limited therapeutic options. Here we report the first detection of <i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} in <i>Escherichia coli</i> from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and characterize two isolates genotypically and phenotypically, comparing them with geographically diverse public strains sharing the same sequence type (ST).MethodsThe isolates were recovered from the urine of a patient with metastatic cancer and from the abdominal fluid of a patient with sepsis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, including newer β-lactam and β-lactam/β-lactamase-inhibitors (BL/BLIs), and whole-genome sequencing were performed. Comparative genomic analysis was conducted against global and a defined Middle Eastern/North African subset matched by ST and carbapenemase profile.ResultsThe two isolates were genetically distinct: one carried <i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} alone and belonged to ST131, whereas the other harboured dual carbapenemases (<i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} and <i>bla</i>_<i>NDM-5</i>) and belonged to ST361. Chromosomal location of <i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} was confirmed by Southern hybridization. Both isolates were multidrug-resistant, enriched with resistance genes spanning multiple antibiotic classes and virulence genes that support their pathogenicity. Phenotypically, the ST131 isolate remained susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam and several BL/BLIs combinations, whereas the NDM-5-carrying ST361 isolate was resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam, cefepime/enmetazobactam, and cefepime/taniborbactam, highlighting the therapeutic challenge posed by metallo-β-lactamase co-production. Notably, both isolates remained susceptible to cefepime/zidebactam, cefiderocol, tigecycline, and colistin, and both showed low MICs for meropenem/xeruborbactam. The phylogenetic placement of both UAE isolates is consistent with membership in distinct carbapenem-resistant lineages detected across multiple countries; however, the routes of acquisition could not be inferred.ConclusionsThis is the first report of <i>bla</i>_{<i>OXA-244</i>} in <i>E. coli</i> from the UAE with two unrelated high-risk backgrounds. A dual OXA-244/NDM-5 ST361 lineage disseminated regionally since 2019 was identified. Because OXA-244 evades routine detection, genomic surveillance is needed to detect such emerging variants and to inform appropriate antimicrobial therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261493836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different doses of ulinastatin on early inflammatory responses and prognosis in patients with extremely severe burns: A retrospective observational cohort study.","authors":"Nanhong Jiang, Deyun Wang, Feng Liu, Xiaojian Lu","doi":"10.1177/00368504261498136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504261498136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of routine- and high-dose ulinastatin on the occurrence of burn sepsis, early-phase inflammatory responses and organ function indices in patients with extremely severe burns.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted involving 106 patients with extremely severe burns. These patients were categorized into three groups: routine treatment, routine-dose ulinastatin treatment, and high-dose ulinastatin treatment. All patients received standard care, including fluid resuscitation, anti-infection therapy, and surgical debridement. Patients in the two ulinastatin groups received intravenous ulinastatin at doses of 100 kU and 300 kU three times daily for seven days. Inflammatory and organ function markers were measured at admission and on post-burn days 3 and 7. The primary clinical outcome within 30 days after burn injury was burn sepsis. Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to identify predictors associated with burn sepsis.ResultsOn post-burn day 7, the high-dose ulinastatin treatment group exhibited lower white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) than the routine treatment group (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). In addition, the routine-dose treatment group showed a reduced neutrophil count compared to the routine treatment group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The 30-day incidence of burn sepsis was significantly lower in the high-dose ulinastatin treatment group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis identified that high-dose ulinastatin therapy was independently associated with a lower risk of burn sepsis, whereas inhalation injury and time to first surgical debridement were independently associated with a higher risk of burn sepsis.ConclusionThis study shows that high-dose ulinastatin is associated with a blunted inflammatory response, lower BUN levels, and lower odds of burn sepsis in patients with extremely severe burns.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261498136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food variety score and all-cause mortality in stroke survivors: Minimal mediating effect of adiposity indices (A cross-sectional study with prospective mortality follow-up using NHANES 2005-2018).","authors":"Mei Qi, Xiaoqiang Li, Qin Wang, Jianli He, Yaqing Zeng","doi":"10.1177/00368504261494043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261494043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo investigate the association between Food Variety Score (FVS) and all-cause mortality among US stroke survivors, and to evaluate the mediating role of novel adiposity indices.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study included 1,186 eligible adult stroke survivors from NHANES 2005-2018 (7 cycles), with prospective all-cause mortality follow-up via National Death Index (NDI) linkage. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression, restricted cubic splines, and counterfactual-based causal mediation analyses were applied with full covariate adjustment.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 69.0 months, 385 deaths occurred. Higher FVS was independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in a linear dose-dependent manner. Each 1-unit increase in FVS yielded a fully adjusted HR of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.98, <i>P</i> < 0.001); the highest versus lowest FVS quartile showed a 49% lower risk (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.75). In exploratory mediation analyses, adiposity indices exhibited minimal overall mediating effects; only the visceral fat marker ABSI Z-score showed a weak but statistically significant indirect effect, which should be interpreted cautiously given the cross-sectional measurement of exposure and mediators; BRI and WHtR were non-significant. In exploratory subgroup analyses, age was the only variable showing a statistically significant interaction with FVS, though this finding requires cautious interpretation.ConclusionsGreater dietary diversity is independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in US stroke survivors, with the association largely independent of adiposity pathways. These observational findings support the potential value of dietary diversity as a simple, feasible, and low-cost nutritional strategy for post-stroke secondary prevention, but causal inference is not warranted given the study design.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261494043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic Reproduction of Therapeutic Massage via Adaptive Admittance Control and Single-Expert Kinematic-Dynamic Modeling.","authors":"Kui Huang, Yuan Xu, WeiChao Guo, LeYi Du","doi":"10.1177/00368504261490723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261490723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study tested whether therapeutic massage techniques demonstrated by a single experienced practitioner can be encoded as structured kinematic-dynamic signatures and reproduced robotically under adaptive admittance control.MethodsSingle-expert manual demonstrations of four mechanically distinct techniques - beating, pressing, pushing, and vibrating - were synchronously recorded using optical motion capture and tri-axial force sensing. Each technique was acquired as a 30-s continuous trial; after predefined screening, one stable analysis segment was retained per technique (Beat 8 s, Press 20 s, Push 20 s, and Vibrate 5 s). The retained demonstrations were characterized by active Cartesian degrees of freedom, movement excursion and timing, loading direction, force amplitude, and dominant frequency. These descriptors were mapped to technique-specific nominal robot trajectories, while adaptive admittance generated contact-direction corrections during execution. Reproduction fidelity was summarized descriptively by DTW-aligned waveform correlation, mean-force bias, relative mean-force bias, peak-force error, and dominant-frequency difference.ResultsAfter DTW alignment, robotic executions preserved force waveform morphology with high descriptive similarity across techniques (Pearson r = 0.858-0.925; Spearman rho = 0.817-0.907). Descriptive error metrics identified two technique-dependent mismatch patterns. Press and Push retained the principal cyclic or loading morphology but showed marked mean-force bias (+8.25 N, +33.55% for Press; -23.38 N, -43.66% for Push). Beat and Vibrate showed smaller absolute mean-force offsets (+1.79 N and -1.54 N, respectively), although Beat still exhibited a relative mean-force bias of +21.39%. Beat and Vibrate also showed larger dominant-frequency differences (-1.25 and -1.80 Hz, respectively). Peak-force error remained within ±2.11% for all four techniques.ConclusionUnder controlled biomimetic-interface conditions, single-expert massage demonstrations could be encoded as interpretable kinematic-dynamic signatures and reproduced robotically with high temporal waveform similarity, although force-amplitude and rhythm reproduction remained technique dependent. These findings support the feasibility of the expert-to-robot representation and execution framework. Broader reproducibility and clinical relevance require validation with multiple practitioners, repeated trials, dedicated controller-performance experiments, and human participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261490723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time series evidence on air quality transitions under urban shock during COVID-19 shutdown in Delhi-NCR, India.","authors":"Saswati Biswas, Samit Bhattacharyya, Mudit Yadav, Sailesh N Behera, Yamini Sistla Sudha","doi":"10.1177/00368504261498073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261498073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated nationwide lockdown provided an unprecedented natural experiment to investigate how abrupt reductions in anthropogenic activities influence urban air quality. Although several studies have quantified changes in pollutant concentrations during the lockdown, the nonlinear temporal transitions and persistence of these changes after reopening remain poorly understood. This study investigates the evolution of air quality across Delhi-NCR, India, one of the world's most polluted metropolitan regions, by examining three distinct phases associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: the pre-COVID period, the COVID period, and the post-COVID period. Daily concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO_<i>x</i>, SO₂, CO, and O₃, together with meteorological observations from ten CAAQMS stations, were analyzed. The analytical framework combined seasonal statistical analysis, ARIMA forecasting, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, change-point detection, and recurrence quantification analysis to characterize statistical and nonlinear dynamical transitions in air quality. The results reveal significant reductions in pollutant concentrations and pronounced shifts in their temporal dynamics during the lockdown, characterized by multiple change points and altered recurrence structures. Source-related analysis indicates that meteorological factors and secondary pollutant formation played a greater role during the lockdown, whereas combustion and non-combustion emission sources dominated before and after the restrictions. Furthermore, cross-recurrence analysis demonstrates that post-COVID pollutant dynamics remained more synchronized with lockdown conditions than with the pre-COVID period, suggesting partial persistence of environmental improvements. By integrating conventional statistical analyses with nonlinear dynamical systems techniques, this study provides a comprehensive framework for characterizing air-quality transitions and offers policy-relevant insights for sustainable urban air-quality management in rapidly growing megacities.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261498073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-organized QTPat-based feature-engineering framework for subject-independent classification of English- and Turkish-associated EEG signals.","authors":"Arif Metehan Yildiz, Tugce Keles, Mustafa Eris, Prabal Datta Barua, Mehmet Baygin, Burak Tasci, İrem Taşcı, Sengul Dogan, Turker Tuncer, Fatma Ebru Algul, Ru-San Tan, Aruna Devi, U Rajendra Acharya","doi":"10.1177/00368504261499564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261499564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our primary aim is to develop an automated feature-engineering framework for subject-independent classification of EEG recordings acquired from English-speaking and Turkish-speaking participant cohorts. Drawing inspiration from a quantum tunnel pattern called QTPat, we introduced a novel approach of dynamically generating directed graphs to extract textural features. For our experiments, we utilized an EEG dataset containing 1652 English sentence-EEG pairs and 1600 Turkish sentence-EEG pairs. These signals were recorded from 20 English-speaking and 20 Turkish subjects who were presented with standardized sentences in their respective native languages. During the experiments, the participants were instructed to carefully contemplate each sentence while wearing a mobile brain cap system that acquired 14-channel EEG signals. Our preprocessing pipeline involved subjecting the EEG signals to multiple filtered wavelet packet decompositions, using both 6 Daubechies and 6 symlet wavelet filters. Subsequently, we extracted textural and statistical features employing the QTPat model, along with 20 statistical moments. To enhance discriminative power, we applied neighborhood component analysis and the Chi2-function to select the most relevant features. The k-nearest neighbor classifier was then employed to calculate predictive vectors. To further refine the results, we introduced an iterative hard majority voting scheme, generating additional voted vectors. Finally, we utilized a greedy algorithm to select the best-channel-wise and overall model results. Using leave-one-subject-out cross-validation (LOSO CV), the proposed framework achieved 96.37% classification accuracy using four selected EEG channels. These findings demonstrate that the QTPat-based architecture can discriminate the two language-associated EEG cohorts under subject-independent evaluation. However, because language and participant population are coupled in the available dataset, the present results should not be interpreted as definitive evidence of language-specific neural decoding. Further studies using within-subject bilingual experimental designs are required to determine whether the identified EEG patterns specifically reflect language-related neural processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261499564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety profile of IL-23 inhibitors from the perspective of physicians and pharmacists: A retrospective real-world pharmacovigilance observational study based on the FAERS database.","authors":"Chiwei Guo, Tiantian Geng, Luzhen Ye, Zhonghua Sun, Shujuan Zhao","doi":"10.1177/00368504261501366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261501366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveInterleukin-23 (IL-23) inhibitors are widely used for psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, yet their long-term safety profiles require continual monitoring. This retrospective observational real-world study aimed to detect potential disproportionate reporting signals associated with tildrakizumab, risankizumab, and guselkumab using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsAE reports for tildrakizumab, risankizumab, and guselkumab from Q3 2017 to Q3 2025 were retrieved from FAERS. Disproportionality analysis using reporting odds ratios (RORs) was performed, and reported adverse events were classified by system organ classes (SOCs).ResultsA total of 1124, 8574, and 14597 AEs were retrieved for the three IL-23 inhibitors, generating 42, 286, and 348 disproportionate reporting signals, and accumulating 23, 24, and 24 SOCs. Frequently reported AEs included drug ineffectiveness, psoriasis, injection-site reactions, and infections. Disproportionate reporting signals not listed in the current FDA-approved product label comprised cardiovascular events (e.g., myocardial infarction; tildrakizumab ROR = 6.45), malignancies (e.g., malignant melanoma; risankizumab ROR = 8.57), hepatobiliary disorders, and renal complications.ConclusionThese exploratory, hypothesis-generating disproportionate reporting signals may inform routine pharmacovigilance practice for IL-23 inhibitors, alongside well-established common reported events such as infections and systemic reactions. Further pharmacoepidemiologic studies are needed to validate these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261501366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical analysis of 192 cases of posttraumatic infectious endophthalmitis: A retrospective study.","authors":"Zhixia Dou, Luyong Yang, Huisu Yin, Fangyuan Zheng, Xiaoxuan Wang, Shanyu Li, Jinchen Jia","doi":"10.1177/00368504261500558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261500558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, pathogens, treatment methods, and prognostic factors of posttraumatic infectious endophthalmitis (PTIE).MethodsRetrospective data, including sex, age, occupation, ethnicity, place of residence, injured eye, cause and type of injury, injury location and zone, wound length, time to consultation, treatment method, visual acuity at admission and discharge, and pathogen results, were collected from patients with PTIE who were treated at Hebei Eye Hospital.ResultsThe study included 192 patients with PTIE (155 men, 37 women), with a mean age of 46.54 ± 18.55 years. Patients aged 19-60 years had the highest risk of PTIE. Pathogens were cultured in 109 cases (positive rate: 56.8%) with gram-positive bacteria predominating. The infection was uncontrollable in six patients and required enucleation or evisceration, resulting in an eyeball preservation rate of 96.9%. At discharge, 15 patients (7.8%) had visual acuity ≥ 0.1, while 177 (92.2%) had visual acuity < 0.1. Fisher's exact test revealed statistically significant differences in pretreatment visual acuity, treatment method, presence of cataracts and retinal detachment, microbial culture results, and microbial virulence (P < 0.05). Multivariate binary logistic regression revealed that traumatic cataract, retinal detachment, positive microbial culture, high microbial virulence, and pretreatment visual acuity grades of 4 or 5 were independent risk factors for poor visual prognosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionTraumatic cataract and retinal detachment, positive microbial results, high microbial virulence, and pretreatment visual acuity grade 4 or 5 are risk factors for poor visual prognosis in patients with PTIE.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261500558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early wildfire escalation prediction with temporal validation and statistical benchmarking in a mediterranean region.","authors":"Gökhan Yüksek, Ali Akdagli, Serdar Ekinci, Davut Izci, Erdal Akin","doi":"10.1177/00368504261495731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261495731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate an incident-level framework for predicting whether a newly reported wildfire would reach at least 10 ha, emphasizing temporal validation, statistical benchmarking, and transparent optimizer assessment using only information available at or near incident registration.MethodsThis retrospective modelling study integrated 1,901 operational wildfire records documented by the Mersin Regional Directorate of Forestry during 2004-2025 with event-day meteorology and Canadian Fire Weather Index variables. Burned area was known for 1,898 incidents, including 68 major fires. Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost were evaluated under default settings, Random Search, Optuna/TPE, and repeated Enhanced Ruppel's Fox Optimization (eRFO), together with regularized logistic regression using the identical early-stage predictors. Three expanding-window folds within 2004-2020 guided development, while 471 incidents from 2021-2025, including 17 major fires, formed a locked recent-year evaluation.ResultseRFO produced the highest development PR-AUC for Random Forest (0.142) and Gradient Boosting (0.167), whereas Optuna/TPE achieved the highest XGBoost score (0.170). In the locked recent-year evaluation, the logistic benchmark achieved the highest discrimination (ROC-AUC 0.870; PR-AUC 0.217), compared with ROC-AUC 0.813 and PR-AUC 0.210 for XGBoost-eRFO and ROC-AUC 0.774 and PR-AUC 0.145 for Gradient Boosting-eRFO. Reviewing the highest-ranked 20% of incidents captured 9 of 17 major fires with Gradient Boosting-eRFO and 10 of 17 with XGBoost-eRFO. Out-of-sample SHAP analysis identified wind speed, relative humidity, district, temperature, and drought-related Fire Weather Index components as leading model associations.ConclusionsIncreased learner and optimizer complexity did not guarantee superior temporal generalization. The principal contribution is a leakage-controlled evaluation framework combining early-available predictors, temporally ordered development, simple-model benchmarking, calibrated probabilities, and interpretable risk ranking for human-in-the-loop prioritization of newly reported wildfires.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261495731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio and ICU/hospital mortality in patients receiving mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of ICU admission: A multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Lianzheng Ma, Shu Yang, Wei Liu, Shanchao Hong","doi":"10.1177/00368504261494947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504261494947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo assess the association of early red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio (RAR) with mortality in mechanically ventilated ICU patients and its value alongside routine clinical assessment.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD data. Adults receiving invasive mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of ICU admission who remained in the ICU at 24 hours were included. RAR was calculated from first-day laboratory measurements. Multivariable Cox regression assessed its association with subsequent in-hospital and ICU mortality. Additional analyses examined whether RAR improved prediction beyond its components and established severity scores.ResultsThe study included 3,534 MIMIC-IV patients and 1,929 eICU-CRD patients. Compared with the lowest RAR quartile, the highest quartile was associated with greater in-hospital mortality in both databases (adjusted HR 1.855, 95% CI 1.474-2.335, and HR 1.698, 95% CI 1.231-2.341, respectively). The corresponding ICU mortality association was significant in MIMIC-IV but not in eICU-CRD. Adding RAR to clinical models improved discrimination and reclassification for in-hospital mortality, with performance similar to including RDW and albumin separately. Improvements beyond severity scores varied by outcome and measure.ConclusionsHigher first-day RAR was associated with subsequent in-hospital mortality among mechanically ventilated adults in two ICU databases. RAR may provide supplementary prognostic information, although its role in clinical decisions requires prospective evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"109 4","pages":"368504261494947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149129467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}