Science Progress最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: Multilayered mechanisms and clinical responses.","authors":"Jinfang Xue, Ning Zhou, Quan Li, Ruijie Wang, Yan Li, Huadong Zhu, Chuanzhu Lv","doi":"10.1177/00368504251329190","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251329190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC), as a common complication in the intensive care unit, not only increases the complexity of patient care but also greatly enhances the risk of death. Currently, clinical management of SIC remains challenging, mainly due to the complexity of its pathogenesis and the lack of targeted therapies. Although the specific etiology of SIC is not yet fully understood, existing studies have revealed several vital pathological processes that are intertwined and contribute to the progression of the disease. This narrative review summarizes the existing pathogenesis of SIC, which involves multiple aspects including the inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell death mechanisms, immune regulation, and calcium homeostasis imbalance. Given the multifactorial pathogenesis of SIC, future studies need to explore the interactions between these mechanisms and how to intervene to develop more precise and effective therapeutic strategies to reduce mortality and improve prognosis in patients with SIC.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251329190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population pharmacokinetics of colistin sulfate in patients on continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration.","authors":"Tianmin Huang, Yilin Luo, Yun Wu, Lulu Niu, Yang Xiao, Tingqing Wu, Xin Chen, Yongjun Liu, Jiejiu Lu, Donglan Zhu, Taotao Liu","doi":"10.1177/00368504251325334","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251325334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for patients undergoing continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) and optimize the dosing regimen of colistin sulfate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study in a single center was conducted on patients who were administrated with colistin sulfate and CVVHDF for at least 48 h. Blood samples were obtained prior to dosing and four to six blood samples (primarily C_0.5h, C_1h, C_2h, C_4h, and C_6h) after dosing. The blood concentration of colistin sulfate was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. The NONMEM program was used to establish the population PK model and perform Monte Carlo simulations. The predictability and stability of the model were internally evaluated by the goodness of fit plots, visual prediction check, and bootstraps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 86 plasma concentrations from 20 patients were used for population PK modeling. A two-compartment model with first-order linear elimination best described the population PK characteristics of colistin sulfate. Cystatin C (CysC) and body weight (WT) were identified as covariates for clearance (CL). Internal evaluation results showed that the final model had good stability and prediction performance. Monte Carlo simulations showed that only when the body WT was 50 kg with CysC ≥3.07 mg/l, and when the body WT was 65 kg with CysC = 5.11 mg/l, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.25 mg/l, the target attainment probability (PTA) of the daily dose of 1.5 million U regimen was ≥90%. All treatment regimens fail to achieve the target PTA when MIC = 1 mg/l.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With the decrease of CysC levels and the increase of WT, the dose of colistin sulfate may need to be increased. It may be prudent for colistin sulfate to consider an initial dose doubling and subsequent maintenance dosing regimen of 200-225 million unit daily, administered in 2-3 divided doses, to attain PTA standard. This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn) (trial registration number ChiCTR2300072191).</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251325334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A <i>t</i>-anol/isoeugenol synthase responsible for converting coumaryl acetate to <i>t</i>-anol in <i>Illicium verum</i>.","authors":"Suqin Guo, Fa Zhang, Feng Peng, Haixia Yu, Kun Zhang, Guiyu Tan","doi":"10.1177/00368504251325630","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504251325630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Illicium verum</i> is an endemic plant of southern China, which is the primary country for its production. Trans-anethole (<i>t</i>-anethole) is the key component of the volatile aromatic essence in <i>I. verum</i>, and it has therapeutic effects such as anti-cancer and anti-diabetes. However, its biosynthetic pathway in <i>I. verum</i> is rarely reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, we cloned and expressed the cDNA encoding <i>t</i>-anol/isoeugenol synthase (IvAIS1) in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The characteristics of the IvAIS1 were determined and its gene expression in different tissues was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IvAIS1 protein is 76% identical to <i>Schisandra chinensis</i> isoeugenol synthase, and the two proteins were clustered closely together in the clade of IGS and EGS. IvAIS1 exhibits NADPH-dependent enzyme activity and dual product specificity, and it converts coumaryl acetate and coniferyl acetate to <i>t</i>-anol (the precursor of <i>t</i>-anethole) and isoeugenol, respectively. The Km values for coniferyl acetate and coumaryl acetate were 438.4 ± 44.3 μM and 480.30 ± 86.61 μM, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of IvAIS1 for coniferyl acetate was found to be higher than that for coumaryl acetate. The gene expression profiles showed that IvAIS1 accumulated in the roots, leaves, and fruits, but the levels were relatively low in the stems and flowers of <i>I. verum</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed a putative <i>t</i>-anol/isoeugenol synthase responsible for converting coumaryl acetate to <i>t</i>-anol in <i>I. verum.</i> It expands our current knowledge of the enzymes involved in <i>t</i>-anethole biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504251325630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive prediction of coronary artery disease severity: Comparative analysis of electrocardiographic findings and risk factors with SYNTAX and Gensini score.","authors":"Farzaneh-Sadat Mirjalili, Tahere Baghiani, Faezeh Badkoubeh, Abbas Andishmand, Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi, Hamidreza Mohammadi, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Maryam Motallaei, Seyed Mostafa Seyedhosseini","doi":"10.1177/00368504241309454","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241309454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a significant global health burden, characterized by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries. Treatment decisions are often guided by angiography-based scoring systems, such as the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) and Gensini scores, although these require invasive procedures. This study explores the potential of electrocardiography (ECG) as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for predicting CAD severity, alongside traditional risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 348 CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography. Demographic data, ECG findings, SYNTAX, and Gensini scores were collected. The association between ECG findings and demographic information with the severity of coronary artery stenosis, as assessed by SYNTAX and Gensini scores, was investigated using SPSS software, version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant associations were observed between CAD severity and risk factors such as male gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), and smoking. Additionally, certain ECG indicators, including Q waves and ST depression (STD), showed significant correlations with CAD severity, particularly according to the Gensini score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the utility of ECG and clinical factors in identifying severe CAD, offering cost-effective diagnostic alternatives to angiography. Integrating various parameters into a single score is crucial in clinical practice, providing a stronger diagnostic and prognostic tool without increasing costs. Further comprehensive studies are warranted to refine risk prediction models and improve CAD management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241309454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The bidirectional relationship between cilia and PCP signaling pathway core protein Vangl2.","authors":"Huanyong Qin, Ting Liang, Chuanfen Zhang, Junlin Wu, Xin Sheng","doi":"10.1177/00368504241311964","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241311964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vangl2, a core component of the PCP signaling pathway, serves as a scaffold protein on the cell membrane, playing a crucial role in organizing protein complexes. Cilia, dynamic structures on the cell surface, carry out a wide range of functions. Research has highlighted a bidirectional regulatory interaction between Vangl2 and cilia, underscoring their interconnected roles in cellular processes. This relationship is demonstrated by the localization of Vangl2 at the base and proximal regions of cilia, where it plays essential roles in ciliary positioning, asymmetric distribution, and ciliogenesis. In contrast, the absence of cilia can disrupt Vangl2-mediated signal transduction processes. This review offers a narrative review of recent research on Vangl2's function in cilia and examines the regulatory effects of cilia on Vangl2-mediated signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241311964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramuscular pH monitoring before and during exercise in individuals with intermittent claudication compared to healthy controls: A feasibility study.","authors":"Andrew D Ablett, Patrick Collins, Derek Ball, Julie Brittenden, Alan J Johnstone","doi":"10.1177/00368504241292126","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241292126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this feasibility study, firstly, we aimed to assess whether intramuscular pH (IMpH) could be measured with a glass-tipped electrode. Secondly, we aimed to explore whether we could monitor changes in skeletal muscle pH before and throughout static (isometric) and after dynamic (treadmill) exercise, comparing individuals with intermittent claudication (IC) to a group of healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty participants with IC (mean age ± SD) 68 ± 8) and 40 healthy volunteers (63 ± 10) were recruited. Participants in the IC group had an ankle brachial pressure index of <0.7 (mean: 0.62 ± 0.13). The first 20 participants in each group underwent isometric ankle dorsiflexion for 120 s at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction and the remainder underwent treadmill exercise (3.6 km/h, 5° incline) to maximal walking distance. A sterilised reusable 1.5 mm shatterproof, heat strengthened glass tipped pH probe inserted using a peripheral venous cannula and in combination with a pH meter was used to measure IMpH of the tibialis anterior muscle prior to, during and continuously for 1 h after exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resting IMpH was similar between the groups (median 6.8 (interquartile range (IQR) 6.7-6.9)) for IC individuals and 6.7 (6.6 to 6.8) for controls). Following isometric exercise, the magnitude of the decrease in IMpH was greatest in the IC group (median ΔpH max. in patients -0.2 (IQR: -0.2 to -0.1) versus -0.1 (IQR: -0.2 to -0.1) in the control group (<i>p = </i>0.002). After treadmill exercise, the magnitude of the decrease in IMpH (ΔpH max) was greatest in individuals with IC (median ΔpH max. in patients -0.3 (IQR: -0.3 to -0.3) versus 0 (IQR: -0.2 to 0) in the control group, <i>p = </i>0.04.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IMpH monitoring with a flexible glass probe inserted into the tibialis anterior muscle is viable and changes in IMpH during static and dynamic exercises are detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241292126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in ZIKV infection: Carriers and facilitators of viral pathogenesis?","authors":"María-Angélica Calderón-Peláez, Jaime E Castellanos, Myriam L Velandia-Romero","doi":"10.1177/00368504241312073","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241312073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of significant epidemiological importance, utilizing various transmission strategies and infecting \"immune privileged tissues\" during both the pre- and postnatal periods. One such transmission method may involve extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs can travel long distances without degrading, carrying complex messages that trigger different responses in recipient cells. They can easily cross specialized tissue barriers, such as the placental barrier and the blood-brain barrier, which protects the central nervous system. It is known that some viruses can hijack and exploit the EVs biogenesis machinery to package regulatory elements, viral segments, and even complete viral genomes. This allows them to evade the immune system, amplify their tropism, and enhance their spread. ZIKV likely uses EVs produced by infected cells to insert its genomic RNA or parts of it. This mechanism can ensure viral entry and infection of the nervous tissue, partly explaining its broad viral tropism and silent persistence in various tissues and organs for months. This narrative review summarizes the main features of ZIKV and EVs, highlighting the most recent evidence on the involvement and effects of EVs during ZIKV infection. It also discusses the possibility of EVs acting as carriers of ZIKV through the nervous tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241312073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage III-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A real-world study.","authors":"Dang Nguyen Van, Son Nguyen Viet, Gia Hoang Phu","doi":"10.1177/00368504241312582","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241312582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of combining induction chemotherapy with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage III-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), particularly focusing on cases associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. The primary focus is on treatment response and disease control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 81 patients with stage III-IVA NPC (excluding T3N0M0) treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin as induction chemotherapy, followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy at the Vietnam National Cancer Hospital. Patient data and follow-up information were collected between June 2021 and June 2024, focusing on disease-free survival (DFS) as the primary outcome and secondary outcomes including factors affecting DFS and treatment-related toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the initial 3-month period, 76 out of 81 patients achieved a complete response, and five patients achieved a partial response. The follow-up period averaged 18.7 ± 5.3 months, with a 2-year DFS rate of 77.6%. Key factors influencing DFS included patient age, N stage, disease stage, and treatment interruptions. Grade 3 toxicities observed included neutropenia (17.3%) and mucositis (32.1%), while grade 4 toxicity was limited to nausea (2.4%). Additionally, 2.6% of patients experienced delayed grade I-II toxicities, with some presenting grade III anorexia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy, followed by chemoradiotherapy, may result in a high response rate and effective disease control with manageable toxicity. However, further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and potential delayed adverse effects to confirm these initial observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241312582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the relationship between the bone alignment of the lower extremity and the importance of Q angle in male athletes.","authors":"Ömür Gülfırat, Mehmet Ekinci, Aliasker Kumak, Ünsal Tazegül","doi":"10.1177/00368504241304202","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241304202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evaluating the mechanical-anatomical alignment and angles of the knee joint is crucial for athletes. We aimed to analyse the relationship between lower extremity bone alignment and the importance of the Q angle (QA) in male athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 38 male professional football athletes without any alignment or varus-valgus deformity who actively played football in various football clubs in Istanbul. This study was conducted using quantitative research methods within the scope of a cohort study design and employed a correlational survey method. A health specialist at the orthopaedic outpatient clinic of the Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, evaluated the participants' lower extremity bone alignment using standing anteroposterior radiographs and assessed the QA using the goniometric measurement method. The anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and QA data were analysed to assess lower extremity straightness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant relationships between the right and left leg aLDFA, MPTA and QA values of the participants' lower extremity mechanical axis values and between the aLDFA and right leg QA values (<i>r </i>= 0.380, <i>p </i>= 0.019) were found. These relationships were attributed to the difference between proximal and distal alignments of the lower extremities. The correlation between QA and certain mechanical alignment parameters was due to unilateral and bilateral symmetrical arrangements of the lower extremities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The parameters of lower extremity mechanical-anatomical alignment are considered preliminary indicators of relationships among sports injuries, structural factors and predisposition to such injuries. Individual differences in the angular values of mechanical-anatomical alignment and the application of different methods for determining these angles have revealed some uncertainties. We determined the mechanical axis data of football athletes who predominantly used their lower extremities using the most reliable methods and examined the relationship among the right and left leg aLDFA, MPTA and QA values. We believe that our findings provide insights and guidance for experts in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241304202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semantic abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A natural language processing approach.","authors":"Young Tak Jo, Yeon Ho Joo","doi":"10.1177/00368504241308309","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00368504241308309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The diagnostic boundaries between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are controversial due to the ambiguity of psychiatric nosology. From this perspective, it is noteworthy that formal thought disorder has historically been considered pathognomonic of schizophrenia. Given that human thought is partially based on language, we can hypothesize that alterations in language may help differentiate between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this exploratory study, we employed natural language processing techniques to identify differences in language abnormalities between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The KoBERT and KoGPT language models were used to determine sentence acceptability, assessing how natural and therefore acceptable a given sentence is to the general population. In addition, semantic word networks were constructed for each group, and network measures were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder used less acceptable sentences than controls. <i>Post hoc</i> analysis revealed that the schizophrenia group used less acceptable sentences than the bipolar disorder group. Furthermore, the semantic word networks of the three groups were significantly different in the three network measures. <i>Post hoc</i> analysis revealed a significant difference between the schizophrenia and bipolar disorder networks. The bipolar disorder network generally fell between the schizophrenia and control networks, except in terms of the average clustering coefficient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder showed significant differences in sentence acceptability as calculated by the language model, as well as in the network metrics estimated by semantic network analysis. Thus, language abnormalities may represent surrogate markers of thought disorders and help differentiate between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":56061,"journal":{"name":"Science Progress","volume":"108 1","pages":"368504241308309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}