Transportation Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"Response of railway embankment crossing active fault","authors":"Jianbo Fei,&nbsp;Runbo Chen,&nbsp;Xianshun Zhou,&nbsp;Jiayan Wei,&nbsp;Xiangsheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stick–slip of active faults threatens the safety of railway embankments. To analyze the response of a railway embankment under stick–slip action, this study conducted numerical analysis from the geological scale to the project scale. Direct shear experiments with glass beads of various grain sizes under varying confining pressures and shear rates were conducted to capture stick–slip phenomena. Based on the experimental data, a modified rate and state friction (RSF) model incorporating the inertia number <em>I</em> and rate-ratio parameter <em>J</em> is proposed to mathematically describe the state evolution during the stick–slip cycle. A modified RSF model was embedded into the finite element model of faults at the geological scale by developing an Abaqus UMAT subroutine. Thus, the seismic waves caused by the fault’s slip were captured numerically. Considering the simulated seismic waves obtained from the geological-scale analysis as boundary conditions, numerical models of the railway embankment were developed at the engineering scale to investigate the embankment’s response under the superposition of the fault’s stick–slip action. The influences of the fault type, dip angle, strike, and thickness of the overburden ground layer on embankment response were determined. The results revealed that the embankment deforms synchronously when the fault creeps in the stick stage. The deformation intensifies and its influence range expands with the superposition of seismic slip. With a smaller dip angle of the reverse fault, the angle between the fault and the embankment crossing strike–slip faults decreases and the overburden ground layer becomes thicker. This results in a gentler embankment response, which improves safety. The results of this study provide a useful reference for the survey, design, and maintenance of railway embankments crossing active faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101683"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the mechanical behavior and modeling of artificially frozen clay under different unloading conditions","authors":"Huayang Lei ,&nbsp;Tianlu Ma ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Tao An","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the artificial ground freezing (AGF) method applied in urban underground engineering, the unloading effect is a crucial issue to be considered in the project design and construction. As the two typical unloading paths during tunnel excavation using AGF method, it is necessary to investigate the effects of the constant maximum principal stress (<em>σ</em>₁) unloading path and constant mean stress (<em>p</em>) unloading path on the artificially frozen soil’s mechanical properties. This research aims to conduct experimental and theoretical investigations into the deformation and strength properties of artificially frozen clay. By setting different unloading methods, unloading ratios, and confining pressure variables, the deformation and strength development patterns of artificially frozen clay were explored. Experimental results indicate that the deformation resistance of artificially frozen clay increases with the decreasing unloading ratio. Furthermore, the deformation resistance of artificially frozen clay along the constant <em>σ</em>₁ unloading path is generally superior to that along the constant <em>p</em> unloading path, with this difference being more pronounced under higher confining pressure conditions. During the unloading process, the constant <em>p</em> unloading path induces greater damage to the artificially frozen clay, disrupting the ice-cementation effect of the frozen sample, then leading to a lower shear strength compared to the constant <em>σ</em>₁ unloading path. Besides, the energy dissipation of the artificially frozen samples observed in the experiments was analyzed, and correction factors for the two different unloading paths were proposed. Based on these correction factors, a stress–strain model considering unloading ratio and confining pressure was developed. The performance of the model was verified by predicting the stress–strain response of artificially frozen clay. The comparison results demonstrate that the experimental curves are in good agreement with the simulated responses of the proposed prediction model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101679"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of vibration-induced compaction deformation of sand-gravel mixtures: Perspective of multi-scaled dynamic responses","authors":"Qun Qi ,&nbsp;Ying Chen ,&nbsp;Han Bao ,&nbsp;Hengxing Lan ,&nbsp;Changgen Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sand-gravel mixture, a common subgrade filler, is subjected to vibration loads in the subgrade compaction stage, the vibration loads of which differ from the dynamic loads in the subgrade service stage. Sand content, affecting the mesoscopic particle motions and inter-particle contacts, determines the macroscopic compaction deformation of sand-gravel mixtures. However, the interpretation of vibration-induced deformation remains unclear due to the insufficient understanding of mesoscopic responses. To break through this deficiency, a series of sand-gravel mixtures with varying sand contents were established to obtain multi-scale dynamic responses via DEM simulations, and the reliability of DEM models was verified through dynamic triaxial tests with corresponding stress conditions. Based on the simulated dynamic information, the differences in strength and stiffness caused by sand contents were systematically explored, and the reasons for these macro-mechanical differences were analyzed from the perspectives of mesoscopic particle motions and inter-particle contacts. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the subgrade compaction with geotechnical granular fillers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101682"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deformation prediction for airport concrete runway under aircraft loading with localized settlement in subsoil: a closed-form solution","authors":"Ye Xinyu ,&nbsp;Zhang Jiali ,&nbsp;Zhang Sheng ,&nbsp;Yu Qian ,&nbsp;Chen Jie","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ground loss occurs as a shield tunneling under an airport concrete runway, leading to the differential settlement of the subsoil. The deformation of the runway under the aircraft loading is then further enlarged by this differential settlement, thereby degrading the long-term service performance of the airport runway. This paper studied the deformation behavior of airport concrete runways under decreasing subsoil stiffness resulted from the differential settlement. Firstly, the decrease in supporting (subsoil) stiffness due to ground loss was modeled as a deformation sequence of the runway under aircraft loading. Then, based on mechanical principles and the elastic footing beam theory, the runway deformation was calculated, and a concrete runway deformation solution under aircraft loading with degrading supporting stiffness was subsequently proposed. Finally, the applicability of the proposed approach was verified in a real case, based on which the parametric study regarding the shield diameter and tunnel depth was also conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101681"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular economy applications in railway infrastructure: A comprehensive evidence-based review","authors":"Juan Tan ,&nbsp;Mehdi Koohmishi ,&nbsp;Guoqing Jing ,&nbsp;Sakdirat Kaewunruen ,&nbsp;Yunlong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circular economy (CE) has emerged as a widely-recognized and vital paradigm across multiple sectors of the construction industry. Considering the complexity of ballasted and ballastless railway tracks, CE has remarkable potential to be employed throughout their whole lifecycle towards sustainability. This review paper examines the implementation of CE based on 10R principles—refute, rethink, reduce, reuse, repair, refurbish, remanufacture, repurpose, recycle, and recover—on all components of substructure and superstructure of ballasted and ballastless railway tracks, covering the potential applications from design and construction to maintenance and end-of-life stages. In this context, promotion of CE in railway infrastructure can be achieved not only by enhancing the use of recycled materials and byproducts during the construction and maintenance stages, but also by leveraging digital information technologies. Tools such as material passport, 3D printing, and virtual reality, will further facilitate the implementation of CE principles from the earlier stages of the design lifecycle. Moreover, the state-of-the-art inspection technologies based on the remote sensing and Internet of things (IoT) can be employed to extend the lifespan of track components and apply optimized preventive maintenance activities based on as-needed repairs. In this context, digital platforms like geographical information system (GIS), building information model (BIM), and digital twin, enable the employment of these advanced technologies for promotion of CE based on 10R principles. The characterized strategies will pave the route to Net Zero by 2050 by involvement in the reduction of material quantities from design and construction efficiencies towards changing inspection and maintenance activities, highlighting reduction of CO₂ intensity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101677"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geosynthetics for resilient geotechnics: A review of applications and innovations","authors":"Araz Hasheminezhad ,&nbsp;Halil Ceylan ,&nbsp;Sunghwan Kim ,&nbsp;Erol Tutumluer","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geotechnics play a key role in sustainable development and infrastructure resilience. Resilience, the capability of systems to recover from disruptions such as earthquakes, heavy traffic, and extreme weather, complements sustainability by focusing on long-term societal and environmental well-being. Achieving resilience requires adaptable designs that address current needs while preparing for future challenges and environmental impacts. This dual focus highlights the need to integrate technical, environmental, and socio-economic considerations into geotechnical infrastructure systems. Geosynthetics have become vital in geotechnics, enhancing durability, safety, and performance while reducing ecological impact. Their applications in reinforcing roadways, embankments, and retaining structures improve load distribution, minimize deformation, and prevent failures under various conditions. This paper examines the role of geosynthetics in resilient infrastructure, focusing on applications such as stabilization against environmental forces, enhanced drainage and moisture management, increased load-bearing capacity, landslide recovery, and flood mitigation, with case studies illustrating successful applications, best practices, and lessons learned. Innovations in geosynthetic technologies, resiliency metrics in modern Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA), and environmental impacts are also explored. The paper identifies knowledge gaps and highlights areas for further research required to advance resilient geotechnics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metro tunnel structural anomaly detection based on vehicle-track-tunnel coupling model using FNO and CAE networks","authors":"Qi Li ,&nbsp;Xiongyao Xie ,&nbsp;Kun Zeng ,&nbsp;Yuliang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metro tunnel health monitoring is crucial for ensuring system safety, but traditional methods like high-definition imaging and laser scanning are costly and time-consuming. Recent approaches leveraging train acceleration responses offer a promising alternative, but face challenges in feature extraction and data interpretation. This paper proposes a rapid method for metro tunnel structural anomaly detection based on the coupling of train and tunnel acceleration responses. By using Fourier neural operator (FNO) and convolutional autoencoder (CAE) networks, the method enables end-to-end automatic feature extraction and tunnel anomaly identification directly from train acceleration data, avoiding the need for manual feature engineering. The FNO network models the relationship between train and tunnel accelerations, while the CAE network performs anomaly detection. Experimental validation using a vehicle-track-tunnel system demonstrates that the method accurately identifies tunnel structural anomalies, offering a cost-effective and efficient solution for real-time metro tunnel health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101680"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic responses of a multi-layered unsaturated road system with impermeable pavement under moving-vibratory vehicle load","authors":"Zhenkun Qiu ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Zhang-Long Chen ,&nbsp;Xiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Weibing Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the dynamic responses of a multi-layered road system under moving vehicle loads. The vehicle load is modeled as four elliptical, moving-vibratory loads induced by tires, incorporating the effects of pavement roughness. The road system is represented as a multi-layered structure consisting of an impermeable elastic asphalt pavement, an unsaturated subgrade layer, and subsoil of varying degrees of saturation. Solutions for the elastic pavement and unsaturated medium layers are derived using the Fourier transform technique. The transmission and reflection matrix method (TRMM) is employed to construct the control matrix function, ensuring that boundary conditions imposed by moving traffic loads and continuity constraints between different soil layers are satisfied. The dynamic responses in the time domain are obtained using the Gauss-Legendre integral method. The accuracy of the derived solution is verified through the comparison with the established results. A parametric analysis is conducted to examine the effects of wheel stacking, vehicle speed, subgrade saturation, and thickness of asphalt and subgrade layer on dynamic responses. The proposed framework provides valuable insights into the dynamic design and evaluation of road systems, contributing to improved pavement performance and longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101675"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of ballast elastic modulus on the mechanical performance of ballasted tracks based on a numerical method","authors":"Chao Kong ,&nbsp;Tao Xin ,&nbsp;Shunwei Shi ,&nbsp;Zhongxia Qian ,&nbsp;Yaoxuan Fang ,&nbsp;Kexin Tao ,&nbsp;Liu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing studies indicate that the elastic modulus of ballast exhibits a certain degree of variability. However, the relationship between the elastic modulus of ballast and the mechanical responses of the track, particularly the influence mechanism of ballast’s elastic properties on the mechanical behavior of the track structure, remains insufficiently explored in a systematic and quantitative manner. This research gap limits the accurate prediction and optimization of ballasted track performance. To address the research gap, a numerical analysis model was established to systematically investigate the influence of different ballast elastic moduli on the mechanical properties of the ballast bed. The results demonstrate that increased ballast elastic modulus significantly enhances the lateral resistance and overall stiffness of the ballast bed. When the elastic modulus rises from 20 GPa to 100 GPa, sleeper lateral resistance increases by 59 %, primarily due to enhanced particle interlocking and improved compressive resistance of the ballast bed. Microscopically, higher elastic modulus intensifies particle translational and rotational motion, elevates peak contact forces, and engages more particles in shear flow. Macroscopically, total deformation decreases under train loads, with elastic deformation proportion increasing while plastic deformation decreases. Suppressed particle translation but intensified rotation reflects that enhanced contact stiffness inhibits flow deformation. Elastic modulus variation alters load transmission pathways by modifying contact stiffness and reconfiguring force chain networks. This study provides theoretical support for the mechanical design of ballasted tracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101672"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical study of non-linear seepage field in underwater tunnels with different computational models and boundary conditions","authors":"Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Bangmeng Fu ,&nbsp;Dongchi Wang ,&nbsp;Annan Jiang ,&nbsp;Qian Fang ,&nbsp;Jianye Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selection of computational models and boundary conditions is crucial for solving the non-linear seepage field of underwater tunnels. However, a comprehensive analysis and generalization of these aspects have yet to be undertaken. To address this, we categorize the calculation conditions of tunnel seepage into eight cases, considering various combinations of the computational models and boundary conditions. The computational models include both finite and semi-infinite aquifers, while the boundary conditions are classified into external and internal permeable boundary conditions of tunnels. The analytical solutions for the non-linear seepage field are derived based on the mirror image method and seepage theory, adapting Hansbo’s non-linear seepage law for the grouted and lined zones. Our proposed method is verified by degenerating into a traditional method, the experimental data, other analytical solutions, and the numerical simulation. In addition, the effects of different boundary conditions and computational models on solving the non-linear seepage field are analyzed. The findings reveal significant effects of changes in both internal and external boundary conditions on water inflow and pore pressure. Specifically, the water inflow decreases with the increasing internal boundary head <em>h</em>₀ and the decreasing tunnel depth <em>a</em>. The pore pressure on the backside of the grouted and lined zones increases with the increasing <em>h</em>₀ and <em>a</em>. As <em>h</em>₀ increases, the ability of the grouted zone to share the water head for the lined zone diminishes. In contrast, the grouted zone shares more pore pressure for the lined zone with the increasing <em>a</em>. Additionally, the water inflow and pore water pressure are overestimated in the case of a semi-infinite aquifer compared to a finite aquifer. The differences in the results caused by different computational models become apparent when the tunnel is deep and the internal boundary head or non-linear seepage parameters <em>m</em>_g and <em>i</em>_1g are small.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101674"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}