Anam Fayyaz Bashir, Ussamah Waheed Jatala, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Sheryar Sheryar, Saadia Ahmad Chattha, Saima Razaq Khan, Shahzad Ahmad, Shazia Iqbal, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Shahzad Ali
{"title":"Evaluation of Post-Endodontic Pain Reduction Using Intracanal Cryotherapy in Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis.","authors":"Anam Fayyaz Bashir, Ussamah Waheed Jatala, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Sheryar Sheryar, Saadia Ahmad Chattha, Saima Razaq Khan, Shahzad Ahmad, Shazia Iqbal, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Shahzad Ali","doi":"10.1111/aej.12983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective experimental study evaluated the efficacy of intracanal cryotherapy in reducing postoperative pain in patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Ninety participants with necrotic pulp and preoperative pain (VAS ≥ 7) were randomised into two groups: Group A received room-temperature saline irrigation, while Group B received cryotreated saline (2.5°C) as the final irrigant. Pain was assessed preoperatively, at 24 h, and 48 h post-treatment using the Visual Analogue Scale. Results demonstrated significantly lower pain scores in the cryotherapy group at 24 h (p = 0.010) and 48 h (p < 0.001), with reduced analgesic use. Cryotherapy effectively mitigates post-operative pain in symptomatic apical periodontitis, offering a non-invasive adjunct to standard endodontic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Andomar Bruno Fernandes Vilela, Airin Karelys Avendaño Rondón, Bill Kahler, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
{"title":"Stress in Immature Incisor Treated With Regenerative Endodontics or Restored With Bulk-Fill Resin Composite: A 2D Finite Element Analysis.","authors":"Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Andomar Bruno Fernandes Vilela, Airin Karelys Avendaño Rondón, Bill Kahler, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura","doi":"10.1111/aej.12981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the stress distribution on teeth undergoing regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) using two-dimensional finite element analysis (2D FEA). Five 2D-FEA models of immature incisors were developed, involving immediately after RET, models after RET varying root length and thickness: 10% increase in root length and root thickness; 10% increase in root length and 20% increase in root dentin thickness; 10% increase in root length and 40% increase in root dentin thickness; and a model after MTA apexification reinforced with resin composite. A biting load of 100 N was applied, and modified von Mises stress was analysed. Increasing root dentin thickness after RET provides limited benefit in the stress distribution, mainly by reducing the stress-to-area ratio in dentin. MTA apexification followed by resin composite restoration decreased intraradicular stress at the cervical region compared to RET. The combination of root dentin formation followed by filling with bulk-fill resin composite reduced root dentin stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolina Dos Santos Santinoni, Jéssica Pestana, Lívia Apolito Rissi, Milena de Queiroz Guedes, Graziela Garrido Mori Panucci
{"title":"Are Extracellular Vesicles Used in Tissue Engineering Effective for Regenerative Endodontic Treatments? Scoping Review.","authors":"Carolina Dos Santos Santinoni, Jéssica Pestana, Lívia Apolito Rissi, Milena de Queiroz Guedes, Graziela Garrido Mori Panucci","doi":"10.1111/aej.12980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose was to analyse the efficacy of extracellular vesicles (EVs) used in tissue engineering for regenerative endodontic treatments. The study followed the Guidance's recommendations for conducting systematic scoping reviews. A systematic electronic search was conducted to answer: \"Are extracellular vesicles used in tissue engineering effective for regenerative endodontic treatments?\". A total of 393 scientific articles were selected, and after applying the inclusion criteria and excluding duplicate articles, 14 articles were included in this research. The most used EVs were exosomes, which were mostly extracted from stem cells and used in association with biomaterials or cells. All included studies demonstrated the effectiveness of extracellular vesicles in promoting pulp regeneration. The mechanisms involved in tissue formation include odontogenic and angiogenic differentiation, as well as control of the inflammatory process after the use of EVs. It is concluded that therapy with EVs is promising for endodontic clinics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Persistent Inflammatory Response in Periodontal Tissues After Walking Bleach: A Clinical Biomarker-Based Study.","authors":"Cristian Bersezio Miranda, Carla Mayer, Paulina Ledezma, Rolando Vernal, Oriana Rivera, Eduardo Fernández Godoy","doi":"10.1111/aej.12975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the long-term inflammatory response in periodontal tissues following intra-coronal bleaching of non-vital anterior teeth using two peroxide-based agents. Fifty participants were randomised to receive either 35% hydrogen peroxide or 37% carbamide peroxide via the walking bleach technique. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected at five time points over 12 months, and inflammatory biomarkers were analysed. Both bleaching protocols resulted in significant and sustained increases in interleukin-1 beta and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand concentrations, without significant differences between agents. Tooth whitening was effective and stable over time. The strong correlation between both biomarkers suggests a persistent low-grade inflammatory state induced by bleaching. These findings highlight the biological impact of intra-coronal bleaching on periodontal tissues, even in the absence of clinical symptoms, and underscore the need for individualised risk assessment when planning aesthetic treatment in endodontically treated teeth. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02718183.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144644242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Holme, Flavio Pisani, Khaled Altamimi, Shalini Kanagasingam
{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Two Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements for Pulpotomy in Cariously Exposed Permanent Teeth-A Systematic Review.","authors":"William Holme, Flavio Pisani, Khaled Altamimi, Shalini Kanagasingam","doi":"10.1111/aej.12968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review analysed clinical studies to determine if Biodentine offers improved outcomes for pulpotomy in cariously exposed permanent teeth compared to MTA, supporting its potential recommendation. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Oral and Dental Sciences Source, and EMBASE was conducted. Inclusion and exclusion criteria identified clinical studies comparing MTA and Biodentine for pulpotomy. The outcome measured was 'overall success,' based on clinical and radiographic evaluations. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and quality assessment using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. Four randomised controlled trials with 265 teeth and follow-up up to 6 years met the inclusion criteria. One study had a high risk of bias, whereas only one study was deemed to have a low risk of bias. No statistically significant differences were found between Biodentine and MTA. Based on our findings, Biodentine is a viable alternative to MTA, showing similar outcomes. Further long-term clinical studies are needed to determine optimal biomaterials to improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144644241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Cavity Design on Bacterial Reduction in Root Canals and Postoperative Pain Level: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"M M Özen, E Karataş","doi":"10.1111/aej.12976","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aej.12976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To compare the truss endodontic cavity (TREC) design against the traditional conservative endodontic cavity (TEC) design in terms of intracanal bacteria removal and the impact on postoperative pain. A randomised controlled trial was conducted involving 100 patients, who were assigned to either the TEC group or the TREC group. Bacteriological samples from the root canals were collected both pre- and post-chemo-mechanical preparation. The total bacterial counts were determined by using qPCR and the postoperative pain intensity was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS). To analyse bacterial load and postoperative pain levels within groups, the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were utilised, respectively. The TEC group achieved a 96% reduction in bacterial counts, whereas the TREC group exhibited a 92% reduction, with this difference being statistically significant. These findings highlight the importance of cavity design in endodontic procedures and its potential implications for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo C Ibáñez-Aravena, Gabriela A Sánchez-Sanhueza, Constanza E Fernández
{"title":"New Bioceramics vs. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in the Success of Endodontic Microsurgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Pablo C Ibáñez-Aravena, Gabriela A Sánchez-Sanhueza, Constanza E Fernández","doi":"10.1111/aej.12974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We compare the success of root-end sealing using new bioceramics versus MTA in endodontic microsurgery. A standardised search strategy was conducted in four databases using predefined terms to identify studies reporting clinical and radiographic success (von Arx criteria). Data selection, extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently and in duplicate. Meta-analysis and the certainty of evidence (GRADE) were completed. Five titles meet all eligibility criteria (three RCT and two retrospective cohort studies). The identified new bioceramics were EndoSequence RRM (ERRM) (n = 4) and BioMA (n = 1). Overall, the quality of evidence was considered moderate. A meta-analysis demonstrated no significant differences between new bioceramics versus MTA when assessing the number of teeth classified as success (RR 1.00, 95% CI [0.94, 1.07]) or failure (RR 0.93, 95% CI [0.51, 1.71]) according to von Arx criteria. In conclusion, new bioceramics are not conclusively superior to MTA but may be preferred due to improved handling [PROSPERO-CRD42024534258].</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Kostenkova, Eglė Zasčiurinskienė, Greta Lodienė
{"title":"Histopathological Evaluation of the Impact of Periodontitis on Dental Pulp Condition: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Ana Kostenkova, Eglė Zasčiurinskienė, Greta Lodienė","doi":"10.1111/aej.12978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive treatment of periodontitis requires to assess the need of endodontic intervention. Histopathological examination is crucial to assess link between periodontitis and pulp condition. The current systematic review aimed to answer the focus question: 'In patients with periodontitis, does periodontitis have any impact on the condition of dental pulp based on histopathological findings?'. The literature search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library included nine analytical cross-sectional studies. Results showed, periodontitis may lead to pulp inflammation, fibrosis, calcification and necrosis. Inflammatory cell infiltration ranged from 34.29% to 93.7%, with higher prevalence in severe periodontitis and gingival recession. Pulp necrosis was more common in the apical (21.7%) and middle thirds (34.8%) of the root, reaching 90% with gingival recession. One study reported inconsistencies between pulp sensibility tests and histological findings. Variability in histopathological alterations suggests additional factors, such as gingival recession, influencing pulp condition in periodontitis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-Action Experimental Solvent Achieves Effective Removal of Aged Gutta-Percha and Bioceramic Sealer From Root Canals: A Micro-CT Evaluation.","authors":"Raid Abdullah Almnea","doi":"10.1111/aej.12977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.12977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of an experimental dual-action solvent in removing aged bioceramic sealers (EndoSequence BC and AH Plus Bioceramic) from root canals, compared with established solvents. Forty-eight extracted mandibular premolars were obturated and aged for ten months before retreatment using saline (control), Endosolv R, GuttaClear, or an experimental solvent comprising a deep eutectic solvent and enzyme-loaded nanoparticles. Residual filling material was quantified via micro-computed tomography. The type of solvent significantly influenced removal efficiency, particularly at the apical level (p < 0.001). The experimental solvent achieved the highest median material removal in all root thirds, with values exceeding 92% apically and 100% in the middle third. Statistically significant differences were observed among solvents in the apical and middle regions. The experimental solvent demonstrated superior efficacy over conventional agents, highlighting its potential as a more effective option for retreatment procedures involving bioceramic sealers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ederaldo P. Godoi Jr, Pedro Ivo G. Fagundes, Priscila A. Francisco, Maraísa G. Delboni, Marlos Barbosa-Ribeiro, Marcos S. Endo, Erica M. Lopes, Frederico C. Martinho, Brenda P. F. A. Gomes
{"title":"Correlation Between LPS and LTA Levels With Clinical Features in Secondary Endodontic Infections","authors":"Ederaldo P. Godoi Jr, Pedro Ivo G. Fagundes, Priscila A. Francisco, Maraísa G. Delboni, Marlos Barbosa-Ribeiro, Marcos S. Endo, Erica M. Lopes, Frederico C. Martinho, Brenda P. F. A. Gomes","doi":"10.1111/aej.12963","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aej.12963","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to quantify LPS and LTA levels in root canals requiring endodontic retreatment due to secondary or persistent infection and evaluate the relationship between Gram-positive and Gram-negative virulence factors and clinical symptoms and signs. Samples were collected from the root canals of 40 patients who needed endodontic retreatment and had radiographic evidence of apical periodontitis. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) were quantified using Limulus amebocyte lysate and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, respectively. LPS and LTA were detected in all samples, with mean values being 5.1 EU/mL(±2.83) and 537.53 pg/mL(±134.14), respectively. Significant correlations were found between levels of LPS and LTA with clinical features. In conclusion, coronal restoration directly influences the load of LPS and LTA in root canals with secondary infection. Furthermore, higher concentrations of endotoxin (LPS) are associated with larger areas of periapical bone resorption, as well as with the presence of clinical signs and symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Endodontic Journal","volume":"51 2","pages":"458-465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aej.12963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}